Presented by:

Raymond Rogers and Michael Shaffer

Advised by: Dr. J. Hoffman

Special Thanks to: Duane Miller

Dr. R. Larivee

Dr. F. Senese

Dr. Mumper

Dr. Soysal

•To Write a Brief Biography of Thomas Alva Edison

•To Measure Electrical Characteristics of Modern Incandescent Light Bulbs

•To Determine and Measure all Important Physical Characteristics of Light Bulbs

•To Attempt to Recreate the Original Carbon Filament Edison Light Bulb

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Project Goals

Thomas Alva Edison(1847-1931)

•Childhood

•Menlo Park

•Patents and Inventions

•The Golden Years

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Childhood Years

• Samuel & Nancy Edison

• Home Life• Education• Employment

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Menlo Park• The “Invention Factory” and the Muckers

• The Birth Place of the Practical Light Bulb

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Patents and Inventions

• In His Life, Edison Completed 1093 Patents

• Still Holds World Record for Most Patents

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

The Golden Years

• Edison, the Workaholic

• Died - October 18, 1931 at the age of 84

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Analysis of Modern Light Bulbs

•Specifications of Apparatus

•Procedure

•Quantitative Analysis of Data

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Specifications of Apparatus/Supplies

• Variac power supply

• Multi-meters

• Light Bulb platform

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

• Light Bulbs

• Various Accessories

Procedures

•Research / Inquiries

•Experiment Development

•Execution of Experiment

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Example

Quantitative Data Analysis

•Findings

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Current Vs. Voltage 1

Current Vs. Voltage 2

Current Vs. Voltage 3

Resistance Vs. Power Characteristics of Manufactured Edison Bulb

Further Interest• Curiosity in Tungsten Filaments

• Up Close and Personal

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

The “Edison” Bulb

•Research and Development

•Carbon

•Experiments

•Conclusions

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Research and Development

•Personnel Consultation

•Reference

•Insight of Curiosity…the Pickle

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Experiments

• The Creation and Testing of 78 Carbonized Filaments

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Explosions in the Lab

Results

Carbon

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

Conclusion

•What Knowledge Have We Acquired by this Project?

•The Future of Lighting –Where do we go from here?

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

References

•LiteraryBeasley, Rex. Edison. Philadelphia: Chilton Company, 1964.

Miller, Francis T. Thomas . Edison. Philadelphia: John C.

Winston Company, 1931.

Josephson, Matthew. Edison. USA: London Eyre &

Spottiswoode Publishers, 1959.

Beaty, Wayne H., and Donald G. Fink. Standard Handbook for

Electrical Engineers, 13th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

Elenbaas, W. Light sources New York, Crane, Russak [c1972]

http://antoine.frostburg.edu/phys/edison/

• Internethttp://www.leyada.jlm.k12.il/proj/edsntsla/hist1.htm

http://www.minot.com/~mps/edison/edison/edison.html

http://www.cesa10.k12.wi.us/Investigate-

America/discoveries/meganc/edison.html

http://www.users.fast.net/~blc/xlhome4.htm

http://www.ushistory.net/toc/electricity.html

http://www.edisonian.com/p006bulbs.htm

http://www2.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/96feb/edison.html

http://www.sci-ed-ga.org/modules/materialscience/light/

http://tlc.ai.org/edison.htm

http://www.misty.com/people/don/bulb1.html

• OtherDr. Hoffman

Dr. Larviee

Dr. Mumper

Donald L. Klipstein

Purpose:

The purpose of the experiment was to determine the resistance of unused light bulbs

Materials:

1 – Light bulb socket2 – Digital Multimeter4 – 40 Watt standard light bulbs(frosted)4 – 60 Watt standard light bulbs(frosted)

4 – 75 Watt standard light bulbs(frosted)4 – 100 Watt standard light bulbs(frosted)2 – 60 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)2 – 100 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)2 – 150 Watt standard light bulbs (clear)

Methods:

1. Find the resistance of both multimeters by crossing probes. Record.2. Find the resistance on both sides of light bulb socket by running a probe between

the side of the bulb and the terminal, and then repeat with the other terminal andthe bottom of the socket. Record.

3. Number all light bulbs 1 through 4 with a magic marker in each different wattage(or 1 and 2 for the clear bulbs)

4. Test the resistance of 40 watt bulb number 1 by holding a multimeter probe to themetal screw part, and the other probe to the metal pin at the base of the bulb.Record this resistance.

5. Repeat procedure of the same light bulb with the second multimeter.6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 and replace 40-watt bulb 1 with 40-watt light bulbs 2,3, and

4.7. Replace bulb and test all of the 60, 75, 100, and 150-watt bulbs (both frosted and

clear) in the same fashion. Record data.8. Screw the 40-watt bulb 1 into the light bulb socket. Record resistance across the

two terminals of the socket.9. Repeat with 40-watt bulbs 2,3, and 4. Record data.10. Test the 60, 75, 100, and 150-watt bulbs (both frosted and clear) in the same

fashion. Record data.11. Calculate the average resistance for different wattage light bulbs. Be sure to take

into account both multimeters and the tare reading of both the multimeter and thelight socket.

12. Plot data.13. Draw conclusions.

Data/ Plots:

Attached on separate sheets

Summary:

From this experiment, data was gathered about light bulbs. We found that resistance

does indeed depend on wattage. It seemed that as the wattage got higher, resistance

correspondingly got smaller. Also, we noted that the resistance was less varied in

higher wattage light bulbs.

Back

Current Vs. Voltage for multiple wattages of frosted bulbs

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Voltage (V)

Cu

rre

nt

(A) 40W

60W

75W

100W

Back

Back

Current Vs. Voltage for multiple wattages of a clear bulbs

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Voltage (V)

Cu

rre

nt

(A)

60W

100W

150W

Comparing bulbs I vs. V

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Voltage (V)

Cu

rre

nt

(A)

Frosted 100W

Clear 100W

Back

•

Back

Resistance Vs. Power(w) For Multiple Size Light Bulbs

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Size Bulb (Power (w))

Re

sist

ance

•

Back

Voltage Vs. Current Comparison

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35

Power

Vo

ltag

e

Edison

40 Watt

Poly. (Edison)

Poly. (40 Watt)

•