19th European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry

3-6 december 2018 Royat - France

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Organizing committee Pierre AMATO, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Karine BALLERAT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Angelica BIANCO, LaMP/OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France Pascale BESSE-HOGGAN, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Stéphanie BONNEFOY, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Marcello BRIGANTE, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Anne-Marie DELORT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Clément DESCARPENTRIES, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Hani FARHAT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Claude FORANO, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Cyril JOUSSE, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Gilles MAILHOT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Christine MOUSTY, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Davide PALMA, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Vanessa PREVOT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Claire RICHARD, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sabine SARRAUTE, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Mohamad SLEIMAN, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Aurélie VIOLETTE, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France

Scientific committee Marcello BRIGANTE, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Margarida COSTA-GOMES, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Anne-Marie DELORT, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Barbara ERVENS, NOAA, USA, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Claude FORANO, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France Albert LEBEDEV, Moscow University, Russia Jan SCHWARZBAUER, Aachen University, Germany Davide VIONE, University of Turin, Italy Hans Christian Bruun HANSEN, Copenhaguen University, Denmark

96

Composition and distribution of saturated hydrocarbons in the

vicinity of a heating plant in New Belgrade - alluvial sediments of

the Sava River, Serbia

POSTER P24

(#Soil)

S. Bulatović1, S. Miletić2, M. Ilić2,*, T. Šolević Knudsen2. (1) Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade,

Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 158, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia, (2) Center of Chemistry, Institute of

Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia;

*corresponding author: milailic@chem.bg.ac.rs

The aim of our present research was to investigate

the composition and distribution of saturated

hydrocarbons in alluvial sediments of the Sava River in the vicinity of a heating plant in New Belgrade,

Serbia.

The heating plant in New Belgrade is one of the largest heating plants in Belgrade, the capital of

Serbia. During the months of May and June 2015 a

detailed investigation of the pollution of the soil and sediments in the vicinity of this heating plant was

conducted.

The soil and sediments were sampled from 20 micro locations at 5 different depths.

The pedologic analysis indicated that the lithologic profile at this location was represented by alternating

layers of sand and clay. Moreover, most of the layers

in the soil profile were characterized by low content of organic matter. According to these data, low

adsorption capacity and reduced retention of oil

pollutants at this location can be expected. From the soil and sediment samples, extractable

organic matter was isolated with dichloromethane

using a Soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were fractionated using column chromatography into

fractions of: saturated hydrocarbons (Fraction I),

aromatic hydrocarbons (Fraction II), and polar compounds (alcohols and keto compounds - Fraction

III) The analytical procedure employed was described

in our previous papers [1]. The results showed that in most of the extracts

isolated polar compounds (Fraction III) were most

abundant while saturated hydrocarbons (Fraction I)

were least represented. This ratio between the

fractions remained almost unaltered in different soil

profiles in this area and at different depts. Saturated hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas

chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

techniques. The analyses of n-alkanes (m/z = 71) and

isoprenoids (m/z = 183) revealed presence of oil

pollutant in almost all of the samples analyzed. GC-

MS analysis indicated that the soil/sediment samples

investigated contained diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel which have been used for decades in this heating

plant.

The analyses of steranes (m/z = 217) and terpanes (m/z = 191) showed that, at some locations, different

diesel and different heavy oil fuel were present. These

results suggested that multiple discharges of these pollutants to the surrounding soil occurred over the

years.

The distribution of the n-alkanes in the m/z = 71 GC-MS chromatograms revealed that most of the

samples contained a mixture of an oil pollutant and a native organic matter. Their ratio varied depending on

the distance from the heating plant, which was the

only suspected source of oil pollution in this area. According to all of these results it can be concluded

that the saturated hydrocarbons in the soil and the

sediments at the investigated location represent a mixture of an oil pollutant and a native organic

matter. The oil pollutant’s saturated hydrocarbons

originate from multiple discharges of diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel. At some microlocations, these

pollutants leaked through the sediment profile almost

unaltered, most probably due to the low adsorption capacity of the surrounding sediments.

Acknowledgements We thank the Ministry of Education, Science and

Technological Development of the Republic of

Serbia (Projects 176006 and III 43004) for supporting

this research..

References [1] Jovančićević B., Antić M., Šolević T., Vrvić

M.M., Kronimus A., Schwarzbauer J., Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 12,(2005),205.

COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SATURATED HYDROCARBONS IN THE VICINITY OF A HEATING PLANT IN NEW BELGRADE - ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS OF THE SAVA RIVER, SERBIA

Sandra Bulatović1, Tatjana Šolević Knudsen2,*, Mila Ilić2, Srdjan Miletić2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy – Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

( * tsolevic@chem.bg.ac.rs )

COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SATURATED HYDROCARBONS IN THE VICINITY OF A HEATING PLANT IN NEW BELGRADE - ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS OF THE SAVA RIVER, SERBIA

Sandra Bulatović1, Tatjana Šolević Knudsen2,*, Mila Ilić2, Srdjan Miletić2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy – Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

( * tsolevic@chem.bg.ac.rs )

INTRODUCTION

The heating plant in New Belgrade is one of the largest heating plants in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. During the months of May and June 2015 a detailed investigation of the pollution of the soil andsediments in the vicinity of this heating plant was conducted.

The aim of our present research was to investigate the composition and distribution of saturated hydrocarbons in alluvial sediments of the Sava River in the vicinity of a heating plant in New Belgrade,Serbia.

INTRODUCTION

The heating plant in New Belgrade is one of the largest heating plants in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. During the months of May and June 2015 a detailed investigation of the pollution of the soil andsediments in the vicinity of this heating plant was conducted.

The aim of our present research was to investigate the composition and distribution of saturated hydrocarbons in alluvial sediments of the Sava River in the vicinity of a heating plant in New Belgrade,Serbia.

EXPERIMENTALIn spring 2015, an extensive analysis of the soils and sediments within the area of the heating plant in New Belgrade was

conducted. The soil and sediments were sampled from 20 micro locations. The soil and sediment samples were taken from severaldepths: 0-0.30 m; 0.50 m; 1.00 m; 1.50; 2.00 m; 5.00 m; Moreover, three new wells were drilled down to the depth of 15 m. Fromthese three new wells the samples were taken from the lowere depths as well: 7.00 m, 10.00 m 12.5 m and 15.00 m. Pedologic analysisrevealed that lithologic profile was represented by alternating layers of sand and clay. Moreover, most of the layers in the soil profilewere characterized by low content of organic matter which might result in a reduced adsorption capacity and reduced retention ofoil pollutants (Delle Site, 2001).

The soil and sediment samples were extracted for petroleum hydrocarbons with dichloromethane in a Soxhlet apparatus. Theextracts were fractionated using column chromatography into fractions of: saturated hydrocarbons (Fraction I), aromatichydrocarbons (Fraction II), and polar compounds (alcohols and keto compounds - Fraction III; Jovančićević et al, 2005.).

The saturated fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. A detailed analysiscomprised n-alkanes (m/z = 71), isoprenoids (m/z = 183), steranes (m/z = 217) and terpanes (m/z = 191).

EXPERIMENTALIn spring 2015, an extensive analysis of the soils and sediments within the area of the heating plant in New Belgrade was

conducted. The soil and sediments were sampled from 20 micro locations. The soil and sediment samples were taken from severaldepths: 0-0.30 m; 0.50 m; 1.00 m; 1.50; 2.00 m; 5.00 m; Moreover, three new wells were drilled down to the depth of 15 m. Fromthese three new wells the samples were taken from the lowere depths as well: 7.00 m, 10.00 m 12.5 m and 15.00 m. Pedologic analysisrevealed that lithologic profile was represented by alternating layers of sand and clay. Moreover, most of the layers in the soil profilewere characterized by low content of organic matter which might result in a reduced adsorption capacity and reduced retention ofoil pollutants (Delle Site, 2001).

The soil and sediment samples were extracted for petroleum hydrocarbons with dichloromethane in a Soxhlet apparatus. Theextracts were fractionated using column chromatography into fractions of: saturated hydrocarbons (Fraction I), aromatichydrocarbons (Fraction II), and polar compounds (alcohols and keto compounds - Fraction III; Jovančićević et al, 2005.).

The saturated fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. A detailed analysiscomprised n-alkanes (m/z = 71), isoprenoids (m/z = 183), steranes (m/z = 217) and terpanes (m/z = 191).

RESULTSThe results showed that in most of the extracts isolated polar compounds (Fraction III) were most abundant while saturated

hydrocarbons (Fraction I) were least represented. This ratio between the fractions remained almost unaltered in different soilprofiles in this area and at different depts.

Saturated hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques.

The analyses of n-alkanes (m/z = 71) and isoprenoids (m/z = 183) revealed presence of oil pollutant in almost all of the samplesanalyzed (Figures 2-4).

GC-MS analysis indicated that the soil/sediment samples investigated contained diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel which havebeen used for decades in this heating plant.

The analyses of steranes (m/z = 217) and terpanes (m/z = 191) showed that, at some locations, different diesel and differentheavy oil fuel were present. These results suggested that multiple discharges of these pollutants to the surrounding soil occurredover the years.

The distribution of the n-alkanes in the m/z = 71 GC-MS chromatograms revealed that most of the samples contained amixture of an oil pollutant and a native organic matter. Their ratio varied depending on the distance from the heating plant, whichwas the only suspected source of oil pollution in this area.

RESULTSThe results showed that in most of the extracts isolated polar compounds (Fraction III) were most abundant while saturated

hydrocarbons (Fraction I) were least represented. This ratio between the fractions remained almost unaltered in different soilprofiles in this area and at different depts.

Saturated hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques.

The analyses of n-alkanes (m/z = 71) and isoprenoids (m/z = 183) revealed presence of oil pollutant in almost all of the samplesanalyzed (Figures 2-4).

GC-MS analysis indicated that the soil/sediment samples investigated contained diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel which havebeen used for decades in this heating plant.

The analyses of steranes (m/z = 217) and terpanes (m/z = 191) showed that, at some locations, different diesel and differentheavy oil fuel were present. These results suggested that multiple discharges of these pollutants to the surrounding soil occurredover the years.

The distribution of the n-alkanes in the m/z = 71 GC-MS chromatograms revealed that most of the samples contained amixture of an oil pollutant and a native organic matter. Their ratio varied depending on the distance from the heating plant, whichwas the only suspected source of oil pollution in this area.

CONCLUSIONSAccording to all of these results it can be concluded that

the saturated hydrocarbons in the soil and the sediments at theinvestigated location represent a mixture of an oil pollutant anda native organic matter.

The oil pollutant’s saturated hydrocarbons originate frommultiple discharges of diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel. At somemicrolocations, these pollutants leaked through the sedimentprofile almost unaltered, most probably due to the lowadsorption capacity of the surrounding sediments.

CONCLUSIONSAccording to all of these results it can be concluded that

the saturated hydrocarbons in the soil and the sediments at theinvestigated location represent a mixture of an oil pollutant anda native organic matter.

The oil pollutant’s saturated hydrocarbons originate frommultiple discharges of diesel and/or a heavy oil fuel. At somemicrolocations, these pollutants leaked through the sedimentprofile almost unaltered, most probably due to the lowadsorption capacity of the surrounding sediments.

REFERENCES:Jovančićević B.,Antić M., Šolević T.,Vrvić M.M., Kronimus A., Schwarzbauer J., Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 12,(2005),205

AcknowledgementsWe thank the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Projects 176006 and III 43004) for supporting this research..

REFERENCES:Jovančićević B.,Antić M., Šolević T.,Vrvić M.M., Kronimus A., Schwarzbauer J., Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 12,(2005),205

AcknowledgementsWe thank the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Projects 176006 and III 43004) for supporting this research..

Figure 2. Concentration profiles of saturated (I),aromatic (II) and polar fractions (III; mg/kg) in theborehole Z1. GC-MS hromatograms of n-alkanes(m/z = 71) are included as well.

Figure 3. Concentration profiles of saturated (I),aromatic (II) and polar fractions (III; mg/kg) in theborehole Z7. GC-MS hromatograms of n-alkanes(m/z = 71) are included as well.

Figure 4. Concentration profiles of saturated (I),aromatic (II) and polar fractions (III; mg/kg) in theborehole Z13. GC-MS hromatograms of n-alkanes(m/z = 71) are included as well.

Figure 1. The investigated location.

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C27

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