PROGRAMME BOOK - aei.um.edu.my

PROGRAMME BOOK

Programme Book

Asia-Europe Conference 2019 Published by:

Asia-Europe Institute

University of Malaya

50603 Kuala Lumpur

Malaysia

Tel: +603-7967 4645 / 7823

Fax: +603-7954 0799

Email: [email protected]

Website: https://aei.um.edu.my

©2019 Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya This programme book was published under the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence project. Project Number: 586907-EPP-1-2017-1-MY-EPPJMO-CoE Disclaimer: This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Asia-Europe Conference 2019

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WELCOMING ADDRESS

It is my great pleasure and honour to welcome everyone to the Asia-Europe Conference 2019 at the University of Malaya.

This annual international conference is aimed at bringing together influential academics and leading thinkers from Asia and Europe to analyse and debate current politico-security trends under the theme “Europe in the New Asia: New Anxieties, New Constructs”. I gather from Prof. Azirah Hashim, the Executive Director of the Asia-Europe Institute,

that the institute is hosting speakers from more than 10 countries who will address a wide range of issues such as Western and non-Western approaches on international relations, European and Asian security architecture and the Belt and Road and Indo-Pacific initiatives.

The international community today is facing rapid and ever more complicated geopolitical changes. Great power rivalries, a retreat from strategic engagement and multilateralism, increasing nationalism and populism, the challenge of BREXIT in Europe, and others have all contributed to tension and uncertainty. The centre of global gravity has shifted as we move away from what was formerly very much a Western-centric world. Rapid development in Asia has given rise to middle power nations that are changing the way states react and engage. And, more than ever, non-state actors play a role in global trends and in setting agendas. The world we live in today, complemented by our continued technological advancement, has become increasingly borderless but, at the same time, increasingly divided.

It is ever more necessary for us to understand these changes and engage in dialogue to help further that understanding. This conference is one such engagement where we can pursue dialogue and foster understanding. We have with us for the next two days some of the most eminent minds to discuss these issues. It is a privilege for us to hear their opinions and to have the opportunity to engage with them on these topics.

The conference today reflects the role of the Asia-Europe Institute as Malaysia’s leading forum for building bridges between Asia and Europe, and linking academics, scholars, officials and students from the two regions. The AEI was the brainchild of our Prime Minister, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. Established in 1996, the Institute realises the aim of closer higher education linkages between Asia and Europe under the provisions of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) initiative that is supported by the


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European Union and ASEAN. In 1997, the Government of Malaysia established the Asia-Europe Centre (AEC), and three years after its inception, on 2 January 2000, the AEC was transformed into a full-fledged academic institution. It was renamed the Asia-Europe Institute (AEI) and is hosted by the University of Malaya, the oldest and one of the fastest-growing universities in the ASEAN region. The Institute has been recognised by the European Union as a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence, and is the only such centre in Southeast Asia.

As one of Malaysia’s leading academic institutions, it is important that the University of Malaya remains at the forefront in promoting academic discussion of international issues. The University of Malaya is currently ranked number 70 in the latest edition of the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings 2020. Subject-wise, particularly in the social sciences, we are ranked among the top 50 of the world’s universities. We have moved the university to a renowned position, but there is still work to be done to make us better known globally. This is in line with the university’s aim to be an internationally renowned institution of higher learning in all aspects of teaching and learning as well as research and innovation.

The University of Malaya continues to work on expanding its global network and to work in partnership with other academic institutions worldwide, and also with governments, private businesses as well as civil society organizations. These relationships are founded on goodwill and mutual interests, contributing to a better society for all. We hope that this conference is one such step towards that effort.

On this note, I would like to take this opportunity to thank our partners and sponsors from the Delegation of the European Union Kuala Lumpur, the Embassy of Italy, the Embassy of Ireland, the Embassy of Japan and the Embassy of Belgium for their support in making this conference a reality.

I wish the Asia-Europe Conference 2019 every success!

Datuk Dr. Abdul Rahim Hashim Vice Chancellor, University of Malaya


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WELCOMING REMARKS

Greetings and a warm welcome to the Asia-Europe Conference 2019, an initiative by the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence (JMCoE) organized by the Asia-Europe Institute (AEI), University of Malaya.

AEI provides a platform to bring Asia and Europe together on important global issues to enhance relations between the two regions. This year’s conference focuses on ‘EUROPE IN THE NEW ASIA:

NEW ANXIETIES, NEW CONSTRUCTS’. The conference is one of the key events of AEI’s activities in the context of its status as a JMCoE which was awarded by the Education, Audio-visual and Culture Executive Agency of the European Union Commission in 2017 for a period of three years. Recognition as a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence is intended to enhance AEI’s focus on ASEAN-EU Studies based on the three pillars (i.e., economic, political and security and socio-cultural) of the ASEAN Community.

The Asia-Europe Conference 2019 brings together an outstanding group of experts from academia, diplomacy and industry who will deliberate on issues relating to the political and security agenda in Asia and Europe. We hope the proceedings will make an important contribution to international relations analysis, current developments in ASEAN and the EU, and possible new regional structures.

We would like to express our gratitude to YB Senator Liew Chin Tong, Deputy Minister of Defence, Malaysia for delivering the opening keynote address - and to all our distinguished speakers for taking part in this conference. Last but not least, we are grateful for the support of our partners and sponsors, the Delegation of the European Union Kuala Lumpur, the Embassy of Italy, the Embassy of Ireland, the Embassy of Japan and the Embassy of Belgium for their support in making this conference a reality. With best wishes,

Professor Dr. Azirah Hashim Executive Director Asia-Europe Institute University of Malaya


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Conference Programme

Day 1 – Thursday, 1 August 2019

8:00 am Registration

9:00 am Welcoming Remarks by Professor Dr. Azirah Hashim

Executive Director, Asia-Europe Institute

9:10 am Opening Remarks by YBhg. Datuk Dr. Abdul Rahim Hashim

Vice Chancellor, University of Malaya

9:20 am Keynote Address by YB Senator Liew Chin Tong

Deputy Minister of Defence, Malaysia 10:00 am Coffee Break

10:30 am Session I – Making Sense of International Relations: Western and non-Western Approaches

Keynote Presentation Professor Dr. Amitav Acharya Distinguished Professor, American University, Washington D.C. Panellists Tan Sri Mohamed Jawhar Hassan Former Chairman and Chief Executive, Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS) Malaysia Ambassador Dr. Makio Miyagawa Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Malaysia and former Director, Japan Institute of International Affairs Professor Dr. Sven Biscop Professor, Ghent University and Egmont Institute, Belgium Professor Dr. Amitav Acharya Distinguished Professor, American University, Washington D.C.


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Moderator Professor Anthony Milner Visiting Professor, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

12:30 pm Lunch

1:30 pm Session 2 – European and Asian security architecture: current developments

Keynote Presentation Dean Enrico Letta Former Prime Minister of Italy and Dean of the Paris School of International Relations Affairs, Sciences Po Introduced by Mr. Kamarul Bahrin Haron Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Astro Awani Panellists Associate Professor Dr. Farish A. Noor Associate Professor, S. Rajaratnam School of International Relations, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Professor Dr. Sven Biscop Professor, Ghent University and Egmont Institute, Belgium Dr. Yeo Lay Hwee Director, EU Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Dean Enrico Letta Former Prime Minister of Italy and Dean of the Paris School of International Relations Affairs, Sciences Po Moderator Associate Professor Dr. Jatswan Singh Deputy Director, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya


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3:30 pm Coffee Break

4:00 pm Session 3 – Emerging Constructs: Belt and Road Initiative, Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Panellists Professor Alexander Lukin Director, Centre for East Asian and Shanghai Cooperation Organization Studies, Moscow State Institute of International Relations Dr. Ngeow Chow-Bing Director, Institute of China Studies, University of Malaya Dr. Cheong Kee Cheok Senior Advisor, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya Professor Brian Bridges Affiliate Fellow, Centre for Asian Pacific Studies, Lingnan University, Hong Kong Moderator Professor Dr. Johan Saravanamuttu Adjunct Professor, Asia-Europe Institute

7:45 pm Dinner for Invited Speakers 9:00 pm End of Programme Day 1


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Day 2 – Friday, 2 August 2019

8:30 am Registration

9:30 am Keynote Presentation by YM Raja Dato’ Nushirwan Zainal Abidin

Deputy Secretary General (Bilateral Affairs), Ministry of Foreign Affairs Malaysia

Introduced by Professor Dr. Rajah Rasiah Distinguished Professor, Asia-Europe Institute

10:00 am Coffee Break

10:30 am Session 4 – Emerging Constructs: Indo-Pacific

Panellists Professor S.D. Muni Professor Emeritus, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Dr. Paul Gillespie Adjunct Senior Research Fellow, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin

Professor Yanyan Mochamad Yani Professor of International Relations, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia

YM Raja Dato’ Nushirwan Zainal Abidin Deputy Secretary General (Bilateral Affairs), Ministry of Foreign Affairs Malaysia

Moderator Dr. Sharifah Munirah Syed Hussein Alatas Senior Lecturer, Centre for Policy and Global Governance, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia


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12:00 pm Closing Review

Dr. Rahul Mishra Senior Lecturer, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

12:30 pm Lunch

1:00 pm End of Conference Programme Day 2

Emcee: Dr. Nurliana Kamaruddin, Senior Lecturer, Asia-Europe Institute


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Welcoming Address Day 1, 9:00-9:10 AM

Professor Dr. Azirah Hashim

Executive Director, Asia-Europe Institute

Azirah Hashim is Professor of Linguistics and currently, Executive Director of the Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya. She researches on language contact in Southeast Asia, English in ASEAN and Language and Law. She has been actively involved in regional initiatives such as narrowing the development gap through education in ASEAN with a focus on Cambodia and Laos, ASEAN mobility initiatives in higher education and currently leads an Erasmus+ ASEAN-EU multi-partnered joint project on

research capacity building in higher education in ASEAN. She is founding President of the Malaysian Association of Applied Linguistics and Vice-President and President-elect of the International Association of Applied Linguistics (AILA). In 2009, she was awarded the Georg Forster Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany and is a Fellow of the Foundation.

Opening Remarks Day 1, 9:10-9:20 AM

YBhg. Datuk Dr. Abdul Rahim Hashim

Vice Chancellor, University of Malaya

YBhg. Datuk Dr. Abdul Rahim Hashim is currently the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Malaya (UM). Prior to this appointment, he was the Vice Chancellor of the Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS from 1 November 2012. He graduated in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom in 1976 and later received an Honorary Doctorate in Engineering from the same university in 2006. He worked for PETRONAS for 32 years from September 1976 to

December 2008, holding important and key positions. The latter included MD/CEO of PETRONAS Penapisan Melaka and Malaysian Refining Company (1991-1998), Vice


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President of Human Resource Management (1998-2002), Vice President of Gas Business (2002-2006) and Vice President Research and Technology (2006-2008). He was also the Technical Manager (1982-1987) and Refinery Manager (1987-1988) for PETRONAS Penapisan (Terengganu) Sdn Bhd, the PETRONAS first refinery at Kerteh.

Keynote Address Day 1, 9:20-10:00 AM

YB Senator Liew Chin Tong

Deputy Minister of Defence, Malaysia

YB Liew is a prominent political leader with a strong academic background. Following the victory of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition on 17 July 2018, YB Liew was appointed as a Senator. He was Member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the Kluang constituency in Johor during the period of the 13th Parliament of Malaysia and was Member for the Bukit Bendera constituency in Penang from 2008 to 2013. He is Political Education Director and a Central Executive Council member of the

Democratic Action Party (DAP). YB Liew is a graduate in Asian Studies (Honours) and Arts (Political Science) from the Australian National University (2004). He later obtained an International Masters in Regional Integration from the Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya (2006). YB Liew was previously the Executive Director of the Penang Institute (previously Socio-Economic and Environmental Research Institute, SERI) (2009-2012) and also Visiting Research Fellow at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), Singapore. His books include Putrajaya Milik Siapa? (Genta Media 2013), Middle Malaysia: Centre Ground Is Battle Ground (Genta Media 2013), and Speaking for the Reformasi Generation (Refsa 2009).


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Session 1 Day 1, 10:30-12:30 PM

Making Sense of International Relations: Western and non-Western Approaches

Professor Dr. Amitav Acharya Distinguished Professor, American University, Washington D.C.

Professor Dr. Amitav Acharya is Distinguished Professor of International Relations and the UNESCO Chair in Transnational Challenges and Governance at the School of International Service, American University, Washington, DC. He is the author or editor of 30 books and over 200 journal or magazine articles. His major works on Asia include Constructing Global Order (Cambridge 2018); The End of American World Order (2nd edn., Polity 2018); Why Govern? Rethinking Demand and Progress in Global Governance (editor, Cambridge 2016); The Making of

Southeast Asia (Cornell 2013); Whose Ideas Matter (Cornell 2009); and Constructing a Security Community in Southeast Asia (3rd edn, Routledge 2014). His 2009 book, Whose Ideas Matter: Agency and Power in Asia Regionalism, was among the five books selected by the Asia Society of New York for the “exceptional contribution to the understanding of contemporary Asia or US-Asia relations”. Professor Acharya is a thought leader in Global IR and comparative regional studies. His proposal of the multiplex world order argues that the Western liberal modernity is no longer the leading paradigm in international relations. He was elected to the Christensen Fellowship at Oxford University and is the first non-Western scholar to be elected as the President of the International Studies Association, the most respected and influential global network of scholars in International Relations. He has received two Distinguished Scholar Awards from the ISA, one in 2015 from its Global South Caucus for his "contribution to non-Western IR theory and inclusion” in international studies, and another in 2018 from ISA’s International Organization Section that recognizes “scholars of exceptional merit…whose influence, intellectual works and mentorship will likely continue to impact the field for years to come”.


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Tan Sri Mohamed Jawhar Hassan Former Chairman and Chief Executive, Institute of Strategic and International Studies

(ISIS) Malaysia

Tan Sri Mohamed Jawhar Hassan is a Senior Adviser at the Asia Europe Institute. He is highly respected in Malaysia and internationally as an analyst of international issues. Before becoming Deputy Chief Executive of the Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS) Malaysia in 1990 - and later Chairman and Chief Executive (until 2015) - he served in various senior positions in government. before joining ISIS Malaysia as Deputy Director-General in May 1990. Tan Sri Jawhar has also been Chairman, the New

Straits Times Press, and is Distinguished Fellow at the Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (IDFR); Distinguished Fellow, Malaysian Institute of Defence and Security (MiDAS); and Fellow, Institute of Public Security of Malaysia (IPSOM), Ministry of Home Affairs. He is a Member of the Asia Pacific Leadership Network for Nuclear Non- Proliferation and Disarmament. Tan Sri Jawhar is currently Malaysia's representative on the Expert and Eminent Person (EEP) to the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). Tan Sri Jawhar's publications cover such areas as ASEAN's relations with the major powers, human security, trust building, global terrorism, countering corruption, the development of regional security organisations, and Malaysian political change.

Ambassador Dr Makio Miyagawa Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Malaysia and former

Director, Japan Institute of International Affairs

His Excellency Ambassador Dr Makio Miyagawa has been Ambassador of Japan to Malaysia since 2014. Prior to that his Ministry of Foreign Affairs appointments included Director-General, Middle Eastern and African Affairs Bureau; Ambassador, Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan; Ambassador in charge of Japan-U.S. Nuclear Energy Cooperation (2012-2014); Director-General for Disarmament, Non-Proliferation and Science Department (2010-2012); Deputy Director-General for Global Issues (Climate Change Negotiations)(2009-2010);


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and Ambassador, Deputy Permanent Representative of Japan to the Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations Office and other International Organizations in Geneva and Consul-General of Japan in Geneva (2007-2009). His Excellency was also Director of the Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA) between 2004 to 2007. HE. Dr. Miyagawa holds a PhD in International Relations and Law from Oxford University, United Kingdom. In 2014, His Excellency was awarded “Commandeur de l'ordre national du Mérite” (France, 21 February, 2014). Recently, HE. Makio Miyagawa has been appointed for two years as a member of the Board of Governors of the International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM). HE. Makio Miyagawa has authored two books: Do Economic Sanctions Work? (Macmillan, London, 1992) and Keizai Seisai (Chuo Koron Sha, Tokyo 1992). He also published Domei no Rikigaku (Toyokeizai, Tokyo, 1988), a Japanese translation of Anglo-American Defence Relations 1939-1984, written by John B. Baylis (Macmillan, London, 1984)

Professor Anthony Milner Visiting Professor, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

Professor Anthony Milner was Basham Professor of Asian History from 1994 to 2013, and Dean of Asian Studies from 1996 to 2005, at the Australian National University (ANU). He is currently Emeritus Professor at ANU, Professorial Fellow at the University of Melbourne and Visiting Professor at the University of Malaya. Previous appointments include Tun Hussein Onn Chair in the Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Malaysia; Pok Rafeah Chair at Universiti Kebangsaan; Raffles Visiting

Professor at the National University of Singapore; and Visitor, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton. His publications include The Malays (2011); The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya (2002); (co-editor) Australia in Asia (3 volumes, 1997-2001); and (co-editor, with Azirah Hashim) Perspectives on ASEAN Regionalism (2019). He is Non-ASEAN Co-Chair of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP). In 2017 Professor Milner received Malaysia’s prestigious Merdeka Award as well as an Honorary Doctor of Humanities from the University of Malaya. He is a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia.


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Session 2 Day 1, 1:30-3:30 PM

European and Asian Security Architecture: Current Developments

Dean Enrico Letta Former Prime Minister of Italy and Dean, Paris School of International Relations

Affairs, Sciences Po

Dean Enrico Letta is an exceptional personality straddling both academician and politician. He is the Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po in Paris and also the President of the Jacques Delors Institute. He is an Italian politician who was Prime Minister of Italy from 2013 to 2014. Prior to serving as Prime Minister, his prolific political career included serving as Minister for EU Affairs (1998-1999), as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts (January-April 2000,

during the second D’Alema Government), as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts and Foreign Trade (2000-2001, during the second Amato Government) and as Undersecretary of State to the Prime Minister of the centre-left government led by Romano Prodi from 2006 to 2008. Between 2001 and 2015 he was Member of the Italian Parliament, excluding between 2004 and 2006 when he was Member of the European Parliament. He graduated in International Law at the University of Pisa and obtained a PhD in European Union Law at the School for Advanced Studies “Sant’Anna” of Pisa.

Professor Dr Sven Biscop Professor, Ghent University and Egmont Institute, Belgium

Professor Dr Sven Biscop obtained his degree in Political Science at Ghent University, Belgium in 1998, winning the best thesis award for his work on European defence. Subsequently awarded the Paul-Henri Spaak PhD scholarship of the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders, he defended his dissertation in Ghent in 2002, published as Euro-Mediterranean Security: A Search for Partnership (Ashgate, 2003). Currently Sven is the Director of Europe in the World Programme at the Egmont – Royal Institute


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for International Relations in Brussels, which he joined in 2002, and a Professor at the Ghent Institute for International Studies (GIIS) at Ghent University. His research and teaching focus on the strategies of the European Union, NATO and their Member States. In 2015, on the occasion of its 10th anniversary, Sven was made an Honorary Fellow of the EU’s European Security and Defence College (ESDC). Sven co-edits the ‘European Strategy & Security’ book series for Routledge (with Richard Whitman); and (with Knud Erik Jorgensen) he co-edits Global Affairs, the journal of the European International Studies Association (EISA). He is the editor-in-chief of the Egmont Papers, and a member of the editorial board of the journals European Security (UK) and The International Organisations Research Journal (Russia). Sven’s latest book is European Strategy in the 21st Century – New Future for Old Power (Routledge, 2019). In 2017 he was awarded the order of merit of the Republic of Austria (Grosses Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste).

Dr Yeo Lay Hwee Director, EU Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Dr Yeo Lay Hwee is Director of the European Union Centre in Singapore. She is also Council Secretary at the Singapore Institute of International Affairs, Adjunct Fellow at the S Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Adjunct Faculty at the Singapore Management University and Co-Editor for the Asia Europe Journal. Dr Yeo sits on several Academic Advisory Boards including Centre for European Studies at the Australian National University; KU Leuven’s Master in European Studies Programme; Centre for Asia-

Pacific Studies, Tallinn University of Technology; and the Leiden Asia Centre in Leiden University. She is also a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of a multi-year Research Project on “Trends in Global Governance and Europe’s Role” led by the Centre of European Policy Studies. An international relations expert, her research interests revolve around comparative regionalism, multilateralism and governance networks. She has written extensively on issues pertaining to Asia-Europe relations in general, and in particular, the ASEM process and EU-ASEAN relations. She participates actively in both policy dialogues and academic conferences and is plugged into developments across Southeast Asia and Europe through various academic, research and policy networks.


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Associate Professor Dr Farish A. Noor S. Rajaratnam School of International Relations, Nanyang Technological University

Dr. Farish A. Noor is known as both a political historian and a human rights activist with a well-established media profile including (among others) a feature in the BBC and The Star (where he has been dubbed The Rockstar Professor). The wide diversity of his published works cover topics as diverse as history, politics and art. His books include The Discursive Construction of Southeast Asia in 19th Century Colonial-Capitalist Discourse (Amsterdam University Press, 2016); The Tablighi Jama’at in Southeast

Asia (Amsterdam University Press, 2014); The Madrasa in Asia: Political Activism and Transnational Linkages (With Martin van Bruinessen and Yoginder Sikand (Eds.), (Amsterdam University Press, 2008); Islam Embedded: The Historical Development of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party PAS: 1951-2003, (Malaysian Sociological Research Institute (MSRI), Kuala Lumpur, 2004) and Spirit of Wood: The Art of Malay Woodcarving (with Eddin Khoo and photographer David Lok, 2003). Dr. Farish Noor is also an artist and an avid traveller.

Associate Professor Dr. Jatswan Singh Deputy Director, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

Associate Professor Dr. Jatswan Singh is an Associate Professor in the Department of International and Strategic Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, and currently, Deputy Executive Director (Academic) of the Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya. He is also the Director of Centre for ASEAN Regionalism University of Malaya (CARUM). Prior to this, he was Head of Department, International and Strategic Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences from 01/09/2007 to 31/08/2009. Dr.

Jatswan's areas of expertise are conflict resolution, strategic studies, foreign policy, comparative politics (contemporary Southeast Asia) and international relations (international organizations, international security, transnational actors, human rights).


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Session 3 Day 1, 4:00-6:00 PM

Emerging Constructs: Belt and Road Initiative, Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Professor Alexander Lukin Director, Centre for East Asian and Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Moscow

State Institute of International Relations

Professor Lukin is the Director of the Center for East Asian and Shanghai Cooperation Organization Studies at Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Vice President of Russia’s Diplomatic Academy, and the head of the Diplomatic Academy’s Institute for Contemporary International Studies. He is the author of numerous articles and policy papers on Russian and Chinese politics, the international situation in East Asia, the Shanghai

Cooperation Organization, and Russian-Chinese relations. Professor Lukin received his first degree from Moscow State Institute of International Relations, a doctorate in politics from Oxford University and a doctorate in history from the Russian Diplomatic Academy. Professor Lukin is the author of The Political Culture of the Russian Democrats (2000) and The Bear Watches the Dragon: Russia’s Perceptions of China and the Evolution of Russian-Chinese Relations since the Eighteenth Century (2003).

Dr. Ngeow Chow-Bing

Director, Institute of China Studies, University of Malaya

Dr. Ngeow Chow-Bing is Director of the Institute of China Studies at the University of Malaya. In addition, he has also been appointed a Special Senior Research Fellow at the National Institute for Global Strategy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2017-2020). Dr. Ngeow received his PhD in Public and International Affairs from Northeastern University. His has published more than 30 scholarly articles on China as book chapters and in peer-reviewed journals such as China Review, Ethnic and Racial Studies,


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Journal of Contemporary China, Contemporary Southeast Asia, East Asia: An International Quarterly, China: An International Journal, Problems of Post-Communism, Issues and Studies, and International Journal of China Studies. In addition, he has published four edited/coedited books: Researching China in Southeast Asia (2019); Rising China, Resilient Japan, Resourceful ASEAN: Selected Writings of Lee Poh Ping on East Asian International Relations (2018); Southeast Asia and China: Exercises in Mutual Socialization (2017); and Zhenghe Forum: Connecting China with the Muslim World (2016). Dr. Ngeow is frequently interviewed by local media such as Sinchew Daily, Oriental Daily News, The Star, Free Malaysia Today, The Edge, and Malaysiakini, and international media including the South China Morning Post, Quartz, Forbes, The Straits Times, Xinhua News Agency, China Business Times, China Global Television Network (CGTN), Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK) and Duowei News for issues pertaining to China and Malaysia-China relations.

Dr. Cheong Kee Cheok Senior Advisor, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

Dr. Cheong Kee Cheok is currently a Senior Advisor at the Asia-Europe Institute (AEI), University of Malaya. A graduate of the University of Malaya, he obtained his PhD at the London School of Economics. Upon his return, he joined the Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya (FEA, UM), and was appointed first as Deputy Dean, then Dean of Faculty. After a decade at UM, he spent 16 years overseas at the World Bank in the capacity of Economist and subsequently Senior Economist.

At the Bank, he was Coordinator for China and Vietnam in the Economic Development Institute, now the World Bank Institute. After returning to Malaysia in 2000, he continued to work as consultant for the Bank and UN agencies. His work has taken him to China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia and North Korea and other Asian countries. His research interests include economic development, transition economies, employment and poverty and international economic relations. Some of his selected publications include Revisiting Malaysia's Population-Development Nexus: The Past in Its Future (UMPress) and Government-Linked Companies and Sustainable, Equitable Development (Routledge).


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Professor Brian Bridges Affiliate Fellow, Centre for Asian Pacific Studies, Lingnan University, Hong Kong

Professor Brian Bridges (PhD, Wales) is an Honorary Professor, Dept. of Social Sciences, Education University of Hong Kong and an Affiliate Fellow in the Centre for Asian Pacific Studies, Lingnan University, Hong Kong. After working for the BBC and the Royal Institute of International Affairs (London), he joined Lingnan University in 1993 and served as the founding Head of the Department of Political Science (2007-10) as well as holding directorship positions at the Centre for Asian Pacific Studies (2002-2009). Now

living in Malaysia, he specialises in the international politics and modern history of the Asian Pacific region. He was the President of the Hong Kong and Macau Association for European Studies 2001-03 and his publications on Europe-Asia relations include Europe and the Challenge of the Asia Pacific (Edward Elgar 1999) and (co-edited) Europe-Asia Relations: Building Multilateralisms (Palgrave 2008).

Professor Dr. Johan Saravanamuttu Adjunct Professor, Asia-Europe Institute

Professor Dr. Johan Saravanamuttu is Adjunct Senior Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University. Johan Saravanamuttu was previously professor of political science at the School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang where he served as Dean from 1994-1996, then Dean of the Research Platform on Social Transformation. Thereafter in 1997 he was Visiting Chair in ASEAN and International Studies at the Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto. His

published works deal with Malaysia’s foreign policy, the Asean security community, ASEAN non-governmental organizations and the nexus between industrialization and the institutionalization of authoritarian regimes in Southeast Asia. His recent books include Power Sharing in a Divided Nation: Communalism and Politics in Six Decades of Malaysia’s Elections (2016), Malaysia’s Foreign Policy, the First Fifty Years: Alignment, Neutralism, Islamism (2010), and (editor) Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia (2009).


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Day 2, 9:30-10:00 AM

YM Raja Dato’ Nushirwan Zainal Abidin Deputy Secretary General (Bilateral Affairs), Ministry of Foreign Affairs Malaysia

YM Raja Dato’ Nushirwan Zainal Abidin is currently Deputy Secretary General (Bilateral Affairs) in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. His previous appointment was as Ambassador of Malaysia to the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran. Prior to that, he was a Deputy Director General at the Ministry's ASEAN Malaysian National Secretariat. This was preceded by assignments at the Permanent Missions of Malaysia to the United Nations in Geneva and New York. He has a bachelor's degree in economics from the

University of Wales, Aberystwyth. As the current Deputy Secretary General, heading the Department of Bilateral Affairs, YM Raja Nushirwan oversees 8 divisions in his department aimed at promoting bilateral relations - covering the spheres of politics and security; economy and trade; social and cultural; and science and technology.

Professor Dr. Rajah Rasiah Distinguished Professor, Asia-Europe Institute

Professor Dr. Rajah Rasiah is Distinguished Professor of Economics at the Asia Europe Institute, University of Malaya. He obtained his doctorate in Economics from Cambridge University in 1992 and was a Rajawali fellow at Harvard University in 2014. He was the first holder of the Khazanah Nasional Chair of Regulatory Studies and served as Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya in 2009-2010 and 2013-2014. He was a member of the GLOBELICS scientific board over the period 2012-2017 and has been Professorial Fellow at

UNU-MERIT since 2004. He is also Senior Research Associate at the Technology Management and Development Centre at Oxford University, an advisory member of the Industrial Development Research Centre, Zhejiang University, Member of the Advisory Board of University of Cambodia over the period 2005-2015, Visiting Professor at Lahore School of Economics (2019) and Visiting Professor at UNIMAS (since 2018). He received the prestigious Merdeka Award in 2018.


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Session 4 Day 2, 10:30-12:00 PM

Emerging Constructs: Indo-Pacific

Professor S.D. Muni Professor Emeritus, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University

Professor S.D. Muni is Professor Emeritus in the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, where he held the prestigious Appadorai Chair of International Politics and Area Studies. For nearly forty years, S.D. Muni taught, conducted and supervised research in International Relations and South Asian Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University (1974-2006), National University of Singapore (2008-2013), Banaras Hindu University (1985-86), and University of Rajasthan

(1972-73). He served as India's Special Envoy to Southeast Asian countries on UNSC Reforms (2005) and represented India’s Minister of External Affairs at the 50th Anniversary celebrations of the Paris Peace Conference, held in Phnom Penh, Kampuchea. He was the founding executive member of the Regional Centre of Strategic Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka, and also served on the Executive Council of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi, India. He was also India’s Ambassador to Lao People's Democratic Republic (1997-99). Prof. Muni was nominated to the first ever constituted National Security Advisory Board of India during 1990-91. In 2005 he was bestowed with 'Sri Lanka Ratna', Sri Lanka's highest national honour for a foreign national.


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Dr. Paul Gillespie

Adjunct Senior Research Fellow, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin

Dr. Paul Gillespie is a columnist and a former foreign policy editor with The Irish Times. He is also the Deputy Director at the University College Dublin (UCD) Institute for British Irish Studies (IBIS) - where he works on British-Irish relations, including the peace process, governance in Northern Ireland, bilateral Irish-British relations, UK constitutional issues and devolution and Irish constitutional futures. Dr. Gillespie currently serves as Adjunct Senior Research Fellow with the University

College Dublin (UCD) School of Politics and International Relations, where he has contributed to teaching and research on British-Irish relations, European integration and Brexit. He has an extensive public policy profile on Irish-British relations, comparative regionalism in Europe, media studies and European foreign policy. He is co-editor of Britain and Europe: The Endgame - An Irish Perspective (Dublin IIEA 2015) and a founding member of The Islands and Unions Network (TIUN) on constitutional futures in Ireland and Britain.

Professor Yanyan Mochamad Yani

Professor of International Relations, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia

Professor Yanyan Mochamad Yani is Professor of International Relations and Head of Centre for Foreign Policy and Diplomacy Studies, at Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. His expertise lies in Indonesian Foreign Policy, Security and Cybersecurity issues. Dr Yanyan also writes on Strategic Studies, Foreign Policy, and Terrorism with an area focus on ASEAN and the Asia Pacific. He holds the post for Chairman of Advisory Board of Institute for Defense and Strategic Research and was also previously Ad-Hoc Research Expert of Institute of

National Resilience of the Republic of Indonesia / LEMHANNAS RI from 2008 to 2014. He received his Master of Arts (International Relations) at the School of Political and International Studies, The Flinders University of South Australia - and went on to


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complete his Ph.D. in Political Studies, majoring in International Relations at The University of Auckland, New Zealand. His publications include Pengantar Ilmu Hubungan Internasional (Guide to International Relations) and ‘Change and Continuity in Indonesian Foreign Policy’.

Dr. Sharifah Munirah Syed Hussein Alatas Senior Lecturer, Centre for Policy and Global Governance, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia

Dr. Sharifah Munirah Alatas, a Malaysian national, was educated in the United States of America. Receiving a doctorate in History from Columbia University in 1997, her main area of research lies in Foreign Policy, India/South Asia, Southeast Asia, conflict studies and comprehensive security. She has focused on the politics of freshwater scarcity, and environmental scarcity & degradation. Dr. Alatas teaches at the National University of Malaysia (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM). She has been

Managing Editor of the Journal of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (JDFR), as well as Editor-in-Chief of the Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations Occasional Papers Series. Her previous appointments have included Director of Academic Programs, Nilai International University College, Malaysia, Director of Research and Publications, Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (IDFR) (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia) and Political Analyst at the Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS), Prime Minister’s Department, Malaysia.


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Closing Review Day 2, 12:00-12:30 PM

Dr Rahul Mishra Senior Lecturer, Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya

Dr. Rahul Mishra is Coordinator, International Master’s in European Regional Integration (IMERI) Programme at the Asia-Europe Institute (AEI) and also Coordinator, Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence (2019-2020). Prior to joining the AEI, he was a Consultant with the Foreign Service Institute, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India and worked with the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA) for four years. Recipient of the 2015 Asia Fellowship of the East-West Center in Washington D.C., Dr Mishra has also worked at the Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses

(IDSA), New Delhi and the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) (Singapore). He has been a recipient of the Australian and South Korean government fellowships. Dr. Mishra specialises on politico-security affairs of the Southeast Asian region, major power relations in Asia, regionalism, and emerging constructs: Indo-Pacific & the Belt and Road initiative. His latest publications include India’s Eastward Engagement - From Antiquity to Act East policy (Co-authored with Prof. S.D. Muni) (Sage Publications, 2019).


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Abstracts

Professor Amitav Acharya

Session 1 Making sense of International Relations: Western and Non-Western Approaches

The global political, strategic and economic situation is currently in a deep state of flux due to multiple factors: The relative decline of the West, the rise of powers such as China and India, the growth of right wing populism, and the disruptive foreign policy of the Trump administration. The US global hegemony is eroding, but is unlikely to be replaced by a US-China bipolarity or a pre-World War I type multipolarity. Instead, the emerging world is likely to be shaped by a diverse range of actors, including old and emerging powers, international and regional institutions, as well as corporations, social movements and radical extremists. Global interdependence remains, but security and political dynamics in this Multiplex G-Plus world are more regionalized or decentred than in the past.

The academic study of International Relations emerged about a century ago in the West out of the interplay of myriad forces, such as nationalism, racialism, imperialism and idealism, with the latter being especially important after the end of the World War I. IR was born at a time when the West was still dominant, racism still had wide acceptance, and much of the rest of the world was still under the colonial rule. The emergence of IR reflected this inequality, injustice and prejudice (The liberal Foreign Affairs magazine was created out of a publication called the Journal of Race Development). After the World War II, the centre of gravity of IR moved to the US, and the field was deeply influenced by the US interests, institutions, authors, and texts.

With the rise of the Rest reshaping the world, would the study of IR also change? In recent years, there has been a move to develop a global discipline of IR, or a Global IR, not only to address the persisting American and Western dominance of the field, but also to reflect the new developments in IR thinking around the world. Non-Western formulations of IR theories and concepts are emerging, which call for challenging, revising and even displacing existing Western paradigms.

Against this backdrop, this keynote lecture will reflect broadly on how the changing nature of world politics and the academic study of International Relations affect each


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other, and what, if any, might be the common ground between Western and non-Western perspectives and approaches.

Ambassador Dr. Makio Miyagawa

Session 1 Making sense of International Relations: Western and Non-Western Approaches

Ambassador Makio Miyagawa intends to address the following issues in his presentation:

• Whether there exist confrontational concepts or approaches in international relations between the West and non-West, particularly the East, and if there are, what they are? The analyses could be made, first (a) regarding relations between or among states; and secondly (b) over the relation between the international or regional community and their member states.

• The principles of the Treaty of Westphalia: Equality and non-interference amongst sovereign states, has long been dominant in the West, but later spread into non-Western regions, and gradually accepted in the non-Western state-to-state relations.

• The history of relations of states in the East shows different forms of state-to-state relations, such as those between dynasties in China and the tributary small states. The recent international relations have tended to accept special and differentiated treatments to weaker states.

• The West took lead in the establishment of international and regional organisations, with common principles and values shared among the member states. This has given many implications and suggestions to the birth and development of regional cooperation in East Asian countries, particularly since the end of the Cold War regime, and has opened a new horizon for the international relations of countries in our region.

• If the Roman Cathodic theocratic doctrines are no longer the shared common values of community of nations in the West, what should they be? Democracy, human rights, market economies, etc.? Are there any different approaches between the West and Non-West?


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Mr Enrico Letta

Session 2 European and Asian Security Architecture: Current Developments

The EU and ASEAN ensured peace and prosperity in once warlike territories: as key pillars of multilateralism they have created indissoluble bonds that make it difficult to think of wars. The first premise, when talking about security is, therefore, linked to the preservation of a global multilateral order and supranational institutions that make it work. Furthermore, today we can identify three main areas where the EU and ASEAN can work together to strengthen their security: Cyber security, financial stability, and issues related to threats to the human rights. On cyber security everyone needs to do more, as it is a great disruption to the traditional paradigm of security. Despite the European GDPR is an important step in the right direction, we still lack a general framework for the free flow of data, not to mention the development of common technological and ethical standards. On financial stability: It is key to strengthen the resilience for future crises: both the EU and ASEAN are working in that direction. Finally, we are witnessing increasing threats to the respect of human rights in some European member states. As Europeans, we think that the violation of human rights in another country is an element concerning security and, more in general, us all. A steady and timely restart of deep and comprehensive discussions on a region-to-region EU-ASEAN FTA could ease the way to all these fields of cooperation.


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Professor Sven Biscop


The course of world politics is to a large extent determined by the interaction between the great powers. Those powers today are the US, the established power; Russia, the declining power; China, the rising power; and the European Union (EU), the power that does not know whether it wants to be a power. The Trump administration is pressuring the EU into following its confrontational strategy against China, but hits a wall of reluctance. If, however, the EU does not just want to undergo the policies of the other powers it will have to become one itself. The EU has different interests and priorities than the US, as de Gaulle already recognised, hence it should differ in its strategy. The EU has the means to pursue a distinctive great power strategy, a middle way between dreamy idealism and unprincipled pragmatism. Like a Bismarckian set of partnerships and alliances, this would allow it to work with all powers when it can, yet push back when it must, but without alienating the US. Such an EU can play a crucial stabilising role in an increasingly unstable world.

Dr Yeo Lay Hwee


The post-World War II security architecture in Europe and the security institutions that flourished in the immediate post-Cold war era are increasingly under stress. An America First strategy pursued by a narcissistic Trump has threatened the stability of the trans-Atlantic security and defence partnership underpinned by the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). The Conference on Security Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) which transformed itself to the Organisation for Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in 1994 played an important role in conflict prevention and peace building as tumultuous changes took place in Europe with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. However, the optimism surrounding the work of OSCE has started to fade with a resurgent and revanchist Russia. It is no wonder that the


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European Union (EU) felt compelled to take steps towards a more robust Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). How all these different institutions and policies will come together to shape the future European security architecture is something ASEAN will be watching closely as the latter faces its own challenges in maintaining its centrality in the region. An assertive China, an unreliable US, and the increasing strategic rivalry between China and the US brought doubts on the roles that ASEAN can play in existing security architectures such as the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the East Asia Summit (EAS) and the ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting Plus (ADMM +). How will the US Indo-Pacific concept upend ASEAN’s centrality and what do ASEAN and its member states need to do to respond to these developments so that ASEAN will not end up divided and in disarray.

Dr. Ngeow Chow Bing

Session 3 Emerging Constructs: Belt and Road Initiative, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and Belt and Road Initiative are two major China-led initiatives, with many characteristics that are different from the way international organizations are conceived and organized. This paper titled “Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and Belt and Road Initiative: Regionalism in Chinese Perspectives” looks into the way China perceives regionalism and how that has served to drive China's push for new geopolitical and geo-economic constructs.

Dr Cheong Kee Cheok


The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) founded in 2001 and the more recent Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) announced in 2013 are arguably the only international institutions outside the sponsorship and purview of the US-led Western


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world. Indeed, the SCO was launched with the specific objective to create a new world economic order, although its rationale was as much political as economic. It was to deal with "the three evils" of terrorism, separatism and extremism, all factors that concern the SCO's members. Naturally doubts were raised by the West regarding the SCO's motives from the very beginning. If the motives for the SCO were questioned, those for the much larger BRI raised even greater alarm. Yet the BRI shares many of the characteristics of the SCO but is much more expansive in scope. Unlike the SCO, it materially affects Southeast Asia. Early implementation of the BRI projects revealed shortcomings the Western media wasted no time picking up, but the April 2019 BRI Forum saw China recognises those shortcomings and promised to correct them. Given the many benefits of the BRI, Southeast Asian host governments should leverage opportunities that BRI offers while exercising vigilance in the execution of the projects.

Professor Brian Bridges


The rapid rise of China has provoked mixed reactions and inconsistent responses in Europe. The European Union’s relations with China in recent years have been predicated on securing economic benefits while keeping a separate but wary eye on the political and strategic dimensions of China’s growing power. But, within this broad framework, the EU member states have differing needs and priorities. China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative not only seemingly merges the economic with the strategic but also accentuates the divisions within the EU over how to respond. The various strands of the EU member states’ responses, ranging from positive to pragmatic to pessimistic, are discussed with examples drawn from key players and groups. With China willing to exploit differences between and within member states, Franco-German calls for greater European unity over BRI are unlikely to be met. Under Xi Jinping, BRI will remain a key component of China’s external policies, so Europe will have to learn to live with it and draw benefits without becoming dependent.


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Professor SD Muni

Session 4 Emerging Constructs: Indo-Pacific

The concept of Indo-Pacific is deeply embedded in India’s strategic vision. India has had strong civilizational ties with the region dating back to the period before the advent of Christianity. Its historians and political visionaries started focussing on this region long back. India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, who laid the foundations of India’s Foreign Policy, wrote even before the independence of India that when Atlantic era recedes and the Pacific rises, India will play a significant role in this region. Contemporary India’s economic interests and strategic stakes need a peaceful, stable and cooperative Indo-Pacific region. There may be differences on the geographical contours envisioned by India and other regional players, but a broad consensus exists on having a free, democratic, peaceful and prosperous Indo-Pacific region. India’s economy is on the fastest growing trajectory and India has capabilities to join in ensuring safety and security of the region. India would resist domination of any power in the region and disapprove of military assertion by any that may precipitate uncertainty and disruption in the region. Its preference is for a multilateral, cooperative and transparent region that accommodates the aspirations of all its members. This view has been spelled out clearly by a number of Indian leaders and strategic planners. Prime Minister Modi’s address at the Shangri-La Dialogue in 2018 also reiterated this vision and Indian foreign policy is geared to working for it to the best of its capability.


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Dr Paul Gillespie


The European Union as the largest trading bloc in the world has a fundamental interest in maintaining open, free trading, rule and law governed and sustainable regimes in the Indian Ocean, South Asian and Pacific regions. France and the UK as individual member-states have their historical and present day maritime and security presence there, bolstered by their role on the United Nations Security Council. The EU’s roles and policies in Asia are classically concerned with economic, political and cultural links and development policies rather than security. That is now changing. Globalisation puts a new emphasis on connectivity in trade, energy, digital, transport, investment, finance and people – to - people contacts. China’s emergence as a major power creates a need to respond across the board to its ambitious policy outreach. The recent EU-Japan trade agreement deals with 40 percent of global trade. India’s central role in developing the Indo-Pacific concept along with Japan, the US and Australia raises a real challenge for the EU in this changing setting. The EU’s strong relationship with ASEAN finds the two regional organisations agreeing on multilateralism, good and sustainable governance and maintaining a balance between regional partners and competitors. If the Indo-Pacific concept is intended to contain China it cuts across these shared values, can force an undesired binary choice on ASEAN and the EU and brings geopolitical competition to the region. The EU is facing strong calls to strengthen its security sovereignty in response to the US unilateralism. This contribution will explore how that relates to its developing policy on the Indo-Pacific construct.


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Professor Yanyan Mochamad Yani


This essay is motivated by an interest in a particular aspect of Indonesian foreign policy. Indonesia’s foreign policy has been called upon to serve the goals of national development. The national development takes place within a regional and global environment. Indonesia’s most immediate environment is the Southeast Asian region, and for that reason the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) remains the cornerstone of the Indonesian foreign policy. As the Asia-Pacific is emerging as the future epicenter of global economic and political power, so is ASEAN. An undeniable fact is that ASEAN, including Indonesia, does need the U.S influence and a strong military as a form of defense mechanism especially in facing the Indo-Pacific challenges ahead. At the same time ASEAN needs China’s economic momentum to survive. The new reality is that the region is witnessing the return of U.S. and China’s military presence and reach out at regional scale. Without careful and clear policy, it can pose new danger to the already volatile world. At this point ASEAN member states are left in a crux of a dilemma when one takes into account the Sino-U.S. rivalry within the region. The study reveals that the strategic implication of the above possible development appeals the need of new approaches to Indonesia. Some basic assumptions can be derived from the foregoing examination of the Indonesian foreign policy concepts, a changing Asian strategic environment, and uncertainties of interdependence. It may be reasonable to assume that Indonesia has the capability to increasingly strengthen linkages among defense, security, and foreign policy aspects which leads to an adequate Indonesian national security policy.


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About the Conference Organisers

Asia-Europe Institute (AEI), University of Malaya The Asia-Europe Institute has successfully established itself as one of Southeast Asia’s leading institutions for social science postgraduate research and teaching. Established under the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) process with a philosophy of enhancing Asia-Europe relations, AEI aims to foster exchange of students and scholars with a view to developing better understanding of the cultures, histories, politics, institutions, economics, business and legal practices of both regions. The origins of AEI can be traced back to the idea of establishing closer higher education linkages between Asia and Europe under the provisions of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) initiative in 1996. In 1997, the Government of Malaysia established the Asia-Europe Centre (AEC), the first step of Asia-Europe university cooperation in education designed to support the Fourth Pillar of the ASEM process. Three years after its inception, on 2 January 2000, the AEC was transformed into a full-fledged academic institution. It was renamed Asia-Europe Institute (AEI) and hosted by the University of Malaya, the oldest university in Malaysia. Over the years, AEI has received continued support from the Government of Malaysia, working in partnership with other ASEM countries. This reflects Malaysia’s commitment towards the internationalisation of higher education and also the advancement of the idea of AEI as an educational hub that provides a network of knowledge infrastructure for Asia and Europe in the twenty-first century. The core objective of AEI is to further develop Asia-Europe relations by providing opportunities for post-graduate studies for career advancement as well as to enhance the academic and cultural experience of students and scholars, with a view to developing in them, a better understanding of the cultures, history, politics, institutions, economics, business and legal practices of both regions. It is committed to being a place of intellectual discourse, where key issues concerning globalisation and regionalisation, environment, international business, innovation and technologies and inter-regional relations between Asia and Europe are discussed.


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Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence

In September 2017 the Asia-Europe Institute was honoured to have been awarded the status of as a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence (JMCoE). The JMCoE work programme for the years 2017-2020 is intended to sharpen the focus of AEI on ASEAN-EU Studies and to build domestic capacities both in research and teaching. Activities for year 2 (2018/2019) of the JMCoE will conclude in August 2019. Following the theme of “Political Security” the JMCoE under the aegis of the Asia-Europe Institute held a series of activities throughout the year.

The Jean Monnet activities include a Public Lecture series (featuring both senior members of the diplomatic community and leading academic specialists), Centre of Excellence Workshops (including seminars on comparative regionalism and non-Western international relations) and Europe Day High School Outreach.

Conference Venue:

Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Email: [email protected] Tel: +03 7967 4645 Fax: +03 7954 0799 https://aei.um.edu.my

https://aei.um.edu.my/


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SECRETARIAT

PATRON YBhg. Datuk Ir. (Dr.) Abdul Rahim Hashim,

Vice-Chancellor, University of Malaya (UM)

Steering Committee Prof. Dr. Sarinah Low

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jatswan Singh Prof. Anthony Milner

Chair

Prof. Dr. Azirah Hashim

Co-Chair/ Coordinator Dr. Rahul Mishra

Assistant Coordinator

Hakim Nizam Ahmad Zikri Rosli

Protocol, Liaison Officer & Floor Manager • Noraien Abu Samah (Head) • Noradiana Ab. Aziz • Salwa Yunos • Xia Menghu • Muhammad Sufi b. Muhamad

Khirul Bahari • Zahadin Omar

Technical, Logistic & Transportation • M. Miandy A/L Munusamy (Head) • Rizal Atan • Khairul Iskandar Baharom • Mohd Fazli Abdul Majid

Multimedia & Publicity • Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fumitaka Furuoka

(Head) • Dr. Nurliana Kamarudin • Zahadin Omar • Prof. Dr. Rajah Rasiah • MD. Nazmul Islam • G. M. Shafayet Ullah • Charis Yeap Invitation, Certificate & Registration • Nurul Syuhada Shamsuddin (Head) • Shakimah Ab Kadir • Simon Mancha Anak Maring • Ahmad Zikri Rosli


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Publication • Dr. Rahul Mishra • Prof. Anthony Milner • Prof. Dr. Azirah Hashim

Banquet, Food, Dinner, Hotel Booking • Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sameer Kumar (Head) • Noraerna Abdul Rahim

Speech Text & Emcee • Hakim Nizam • Dr. Nurliana Kamarudin

Rapporteur • Marsha Prema Priya A/P Muthusamy (Head) • Kiranjeet Kaur A/P Kalwant Singh • Nasser Salimi Aghbolagh • Hakim Nizam

Gift • Hazimah Ahmad Nawawi (Head) • Rogayah Abd Rahman

Finance • Zufariza Abu Bakar

Embassy of Belgium,Kuala Lumpur

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