INTRODUCTION

PRINCE INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY (PIIT) Minor Project On Biogas PlantIn partial fulfillment for the award of the Diploma of Mechanical Engineering, UPBTE, Lucknow

Submitted to:Project Guide: Submitted by UPBTE,Lucknow Mr. Abhinav Pandey Shashi Prakash Verma Rohit Kumar SinghAjay NagarPRINCE INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY (PIIT) KNOWLEDGE PARK-3, GR. NOIDA, U.P.(203207)SESSION-2014-15

INTRODUCTIONIndia facing serious problems.Demand of petrol product increasing.India spending a big budget for importing these petroleum products.Also serious problem of environmental pollution, disturbance in weather and global warming.

India is an agriculture based country and there is abundant availability of resources but these are not properly used and commercialized.So there is a need of installing gobar gas plant to use agricultural and domestic waste and produce biogas which is very useful for people living in villages for cooking and lightening.2PROJECT PROBLEMSScum deposition on upper surface of dome.Rusting of floating metal dome.Inflammable gas so care is needed.Mixing air in CH4(methane) in a certain ratio can cause explosion in system.DETERMINING PLANT SIZE AND DESIGNINGPlant size and average feed stock

Plant size (m3)Daily feed stock (kg) Daily water (lit.)42424636368484810606015909015010001000ComponentsPlant size(m3)468101520150A140150170180248264500B 120120130125125176333C135151170183205233435D506065688486160E154155172168180203377F102122135154175199369G195211230243265293544H869210594115115213I112116127124132137254J151160175171193203375Note : all dimensions are in centimeters.

PROJECT DRAWING

SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALCementSandGravelWaterBricksCobble stonesBIOGAS PLANT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALParticularUnit150 m31) Building materialBricksSandGravelCement6mm rodPaintPieceBagBagBagMeterLitre20,00085049035050082) Building labourSkilled labourUnskilled labourDaysDays40603) Pipes and other thingsHori mixer devicesPiece1Construction of site selection We have choosen to construct our biogas plant Bansgaun village which is situated near Gandak Canal. We have selected this village for our site selection because of following reasons. This village has all the required things for plant, hence we select our site for construction of plant at a distance of 30 meters from canal. This site has following qualities.The feedstock (cow dung and other biomass) is available at a distance of 4 mtr. and also the required water is available at a distance of 4 mtr. from this site. This site is enough exposed to sun, to receive maximum sunlight, to heat the feed water entering in the disaster. This site is also near to the point of application of biogas. The site is also away from the ground water and water bodies with 10 mtr. from all sides. Labours required for the plant are also available easily in this village.

CONSTRUCTION OF BIOGAS PLANTConstruction of digester main chamber.Dom construction.Outlet chamber construction.Layout of pipeline

ESTIMATING AND COSTINGFixed capitalCost of load- 38,813 Cost of construction- 60,000Furniture cost- 7,250Devices and equipment- 26,500 fixed cost = 1,32,563Working capitalDirect material cost (per month)- 3,520Total labour cost (per month)- 12,500Electric bill (per month)- 2,000Plant maintenance per month cost- 1,000 working cost = 19,020COSTING OF PLANT1.Prime cost (per month) = raw material + labour cost =3520 + 12600 = 16,0202. Total plant cost(per month) = prime cost + electric bill + maintenance cost= 16020 + 2000 + 1000= 19,020 Total working capital per month = 19,020 Total working capital per year = 228240 Total capital investment = Fixed cost + working cost =132563 + 228240 = 360803

FINANCIAL ANALYSISTotal fixed cost = 1,32,563Amount from Bank Loan = 1,06,030Principal installment of bank loan = 15,908 (15% interest per annum)Total each year amount to be paid to bank till 7 years = principal installment + interest installment = 15150 + 15908 = 31,058Plant working cost per year = 2,28,240Total working cost per year = plant working cost per year + per year payable amount=2,28,240 + 31,058= 2,59,298Volume of gas produced per day= 180 m3Volume of gas produced per year = 365 180 = 54750 m3 Production cost per unit volume of gas = total working cost per year volume of gas produced per year = 259298/54750 = 4.73 %Selling price of per unit volume of gas= 10 (fixed) BREAK EVEN POINT (B.E.P)Calculation of B.E.P.Total fixed cost F = 1,32,563production cost of init volume gas W= 4.73Selling cost of unit volume gas S= 10V= F 1- W/SV volume of gas required for B.E.P.= 132563 1-4.73/10 =251542.7 m3so time for B.E.P.= total volume to be produced for B.E.P. volume of gas produced in a year =251542.7/54750 = 4.59 yrs.BANK LOANUttar Pradesh financial nigam provides maximum of fixed capital as a loan. This loan is returned at a interest of 157 per annum. If the loan installment is given regularly then it has to be returned in 7 years. If the installment is not paid regularly then 18% interest is charged.Total fixed capital= 1,32,563Amount received from loan= 80% of fixed capital=80 106050 100Per year principal installment for 7 years= 15,150Per year interest installment at rate of 15%= 15 106050 100 = 15,908VILLAGE SURVEY REPORTKeeping in mind the predefined things in village Banegaon distict Gorakhpur. We the students of mechanical engineering 3rd year of session 2014-15 have selected Banegaon to develop, hence we have made a survey of village and following things are found by us.

Name of village : BansgaonName of post:BansgaonName of tehsil:KhajiniName of development block :BansgaonName of district:GorakhpurName of Gram Pradhan:Rajvant SinghName of Lekhpal:Satbeer VermaName of Tehsildar:Harish GuptaName of District Magistrate:Ranjan KumarDistance of village from city:22 km.Population of village:6,000Area of village:400 hectareENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION POLLUTION

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that causes adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy such as noise, heat or light.

Pollution can be of following types:Air pollutionWater pollutionNoise pollutionSoil pollutionLOAN APPLICATIONToThe mangerSub: loan application for small scale biogas plant

Dear Sir,you are requested that I have passed the Final Year Mechanical Diploma(Production) under self employment programme.I want to install a small scale biogas plant in the village to make cooking gas available to villagers. I want the loan and I have some villagers for buying this gas from plant.please grant me loan quickly.

Enclosures:Application formCopy of projectOther details

Yours faithfullyFinal year MechanicalEngg.(production)PIIT, Gr. Noida (U.P.)

CONCLUSIONBioenergy is one of the primary sources of fuel in India. In rural areas the dependency on the bioenergy to meet the domestic energy requirements are as high as 80-85%. The production and use of biogas for domestic purposes can drastically reduce the depletion of natural resources like forests, which are otherwise the prominent and traditional sources of energy for cooking and lighting. It removes dependence on forest and enhances greeneries leading to improved environment.REFERENCESBOOKS

2.Use of Internet S.No.AuthorTitlePublisher 1.NIIR BoardHand book on BIO GAS and its applicationNational Institute of Industrial Research 2.EawagAnaerobic Digestion(small scale)Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology