Public Disclosure Authorized IP PI 12 - World...

FINAL REPORT- IP PI 12

7.6 Tribal Development

The objective of the ISEA Study was to assess the potential and adverse impacts on

tribal community due to the development measures and to mitigate them at par withothers. In the Indian context, indigenous people are categorized as tribals who oftenbecome vulnerable in development projects not only because their cultural autonomy isundermined as a consequence of the project outcomes, but also because they endurespecific disadvantages in terms of social indicators of quality of life, economic status,and usually as subjects of social exclusion. Consequently, they are unable to participatein the development process on an equal footing with the rest in the community, nor ableto reap a fair share of the benefits of developmental projects. Therefore the study alsoattempts to identify issues that may constraint their participation in the project andsuggest measures to enhance their involvement and enable them to access project

benefits at par with others.

Status of Tribal in Project Area

In Maharashtra, nearly one-tenth of the state's population is constituted by Scheduled

Tribes. Tribal is largely concentrated in the western hilly Districts of Dhule, Nandurbar,Jalgaon, Nashik and Thane (Shyadri Region) and the eastern forests Districts ofChandrapur, Gadchiroli, Bhandara, Gondia, Nagpur, Amravati and Yavatmal (Gondwana

Region) . Thus twelve of the 35 districts in the state have been identified as Scheduledareas under the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India, that is, areas that havesignificant proportion of population as tribals. The Project will cover 6 of these 12 tribaldistricts. These districts are Ahemdnagar, Thane, Nanded, Jalgaon, Amaravati, andGadchiroli. In these regions there are 24 sub plan areas served by 24 Integrated TribalDevelopment Projects where tribals constitute nearly 50%.

In the project areas visited, there is a high proportion of Tribal population living in the

villages coming under some of the schemes covered under the sample selected for the

study. Some of the tribals living in visited areas are: Kathkaris, Thakurs, Warli, Mahadev

Kolis in the Amboli project areas, while in the Panzara project, the tribal are Kokana

(about 80 per cent), Bhils (about 5 to 10 per cent).

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Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement Project 198

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Consequently, it may be argued that the implementation of the project will enable tribal

farmers the improved economic returns through irrigation.


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Table I: Districtwise Total and Tribal Population of Maharashtra State (as per2001 census)

(Population in thousand)

S.No. State/D ivision/District Population Percentage of TribalPopulation to the

Total Tribal Total Population

1 Mumbai Suburban 8640 71 0.82

2 Mumbai City 3338 21 0.62

3 Thane 8132 1199 14.74

4 Raigad 2208 269 12.18

5 Ratnagiri 1697 20 1.18

6. Sindhudurg 869 5 0.58

7 Nashik 4994 1194 23.91

8 Dhule 1708 444 26.00

9 Nandurbar 1312 860 65.53

10 Jalgaon 3683 436 11.84

11 Ahmednagar 4041 303 7.50

12 Pune 7232 262 3.62

13 Satara 2809 22 0.78

14 Sangli 2584 18 0.69

15 Solapur 3850 69 1.79

16 Kolhapur 3523 21 0.60

17 Aurangabad 2897 100 3.45

18 Jalna 1613 32 1.98

19 Parbhani 1528 35 2.29

20 Hingoli 987 87 8.81

21 Beed 2161 24 1.11

22 Nanded 2876 254 8.83


FINAL REPORT-

S.No. State/Division/District Population Percentage of TribalPopulation to the

Total Tribal Total Population

23 Osmanabad 1487 28 1.88

24 Latur 2080 48 2.31

25 Buldhana 2232 115 5.15

26 Akola 1630 100 6.14

27 Washim 1020 71 6.96

28 Amravati 2607 357 13.69

29 Yavatmal 2458 473 19.24

30 Wardha 1237 154 12.45

31 Nagpur 4068 444 10.91

32 Bhandara 1136 98 8.60

33 Gondia 1201 196 16.32

34 Chandrapur 2071 375 18.11

35 Gadchiroli 970 372 38.35

Total - Maharashtra State 96879 8577 8.85

Tribal Illiteracy in MaharashtraIlliteracy is rampant among tribal people. According to the 1991 census, less than 50%of males amongst tribals were literate and this percentage amongst women was as lowas 24%. Several measures undertaken by the government would have improved thesituation over the years, however, when compared to other sections of population, tribalscontinue to be backward in terms of literacy/education level.

Irrigation in Tribal Areas

In Maharashtra, nearly 85 percent of the tribal population is engaged in Agriculture. Outof this 40 percent are farmers and 45 Percent are agricultural labourers. Therefore, themainstay of the tribal economy is still agriculture and allied occupations. Although, mostof the tribal families depend on Agriculture for their main source of income andoccupation, tribal agriculture is characterized by low technology and low input resources


FINAL REPORT-

and therefore, the nature of agricultural productivity of various crops in the tribal areas isnot high. Moreover, irrigation facilities in the tribal areas are also extremely limited.

The main occupation of the tribals in the State is agriculture. Despite this, the irrigationfacilities existing in the tribal areas continue to be inadequate and the command area ofthe irrigation projects usually lie in the plain lands, whereas the tribals mainly reside in

the hilly areas. Therefore, the major benefits of these projects predominantly go to non-tribal land holders. The increase in agricultural production is inextricably linked withincrease in irrigation facilities. Therefore the flow of benefits from the irrigation projectsto the tribals are usually negligible on account of the reasons mentioned above andhence, it is quite necessary to ensure that where tribals are present in the projectcommand areas, they get benefited from the project activities and development.

Economic status of Tribals

In terms of sources of livelihood, tribals depend largely on farming and agriculturelabour. These two economic activities contribute almost 80% of the householdincome as reflected in the Table-2. This is obvious as the study confined to thecommand area farmers where other opportunities like forest produce collectionare limited.

As mentioned above, agriculture is the main stay of tribal communities in the statebut since they continue to practice traditional farming practices, farm productivityis low. As a result, the economic status of vast majority of the tribals is low.Table-3 shows that more than 90% of the tribals earn less than INR 11,000 peryear. It is estimated that nearly 64% are living below poverty line.

Table 2: The Distribution of Source-wise Income of Scheduled Tribe Families in thePercentage as per Bench Mark Survey (1996-97)

S. No. Source Percentage with totalincome

1. Agricultural Farming 43.412. Agricultural labour 35.803. Forest Labour 2.754. Trading 0.755. Services 13.506. Dairy 1.237. Other Sources 2.56

Total 100.00Source: Bench Mark Survey (1996-97)

Table 3: The Distribution of Scheduled Tribe Families in the Tribal Sub-Plan Areas according totheir Income Ranges

S.No. Income Range No. of Scheduled Percentage of S.T.


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(INR per year) Tribes Families according toIncome Range

1. Upto 2000 26944 4.25

2. 2001 to 360 92510 14.58

3. 3601 to 5000 178116 28.07

4. 5001 to 7000 144192 22.27

5. 7001 to 11000 136374 21.49

6. 11001 to 20000 37893 5.97

7. 20001 and above 18551 2.92

TOTAL 634580 100

TOTAL Below Poverty Line 624521 63.7%

Source: Bench Mark Survey (1996-97)

Legal Policies and Provisions for Tribals

Taking into account the socio-economic backwardness of the tribals, government both at

the center and the state, have formulated a number of programmes to safeguard the

interests of tribals and their development. These programmes are in addition to the

safeguards provided under the constitution and other policies of the Gol and GoM.

While the tribal development plans are co-ordinated by the Tribal Development

Department of the State, these are implemented by the concerned line departments.

Some of these programmes are presented below:

Welfare Schemes for Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra

Departments Schemes

Agriculture * Scheme to provide assistance to cane plantation for BPLfamilies,

* Assistance also available for land development works;input kits; improved agricultural implements; repairing ofold wells; digging of tube wells; pipelines; pumpsets, etc. atsubsidized rates

. Supply of bullocks, carts are given subsidy at the rate of80% and the balance 20 percent amount as interest freeloans

Horticulture . 100 percent subsidy is being given under the scheme tosmall and marginal tribal farmers which envisagesdevelopment of dry land horticulture linked through theEmployment Guarantee Scheme

* 50% subsidy is given to cultivators for control of pests anddiseases for adopting plant protection measures.


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Departments Schemes

Fisheries * Fish Seed production: to extend the existing farms,wherever possible and also to establish new fish seedfarms in tribal areas.

. Fish farming in impounded water: under this scheme seedis supplied at subsidized rate to the fisheries cooperativeand local bodies for stocking and also subsidy is given onconstruction of rearing ponds, purchase of food andfertilizer is also granted.

. Assistance for purchase of fishery requisites: financialassistance is given to tribal fishermen in the form ofsubsidy for various items for fishery requisites like nylontwine, readymade nets, construction of boats

Animal * Veterinary Services and Animal Health: where in (i)husbandry Upgradation of Veterinary Aid Centres (ii) establishment of

Veterinary Dispensary Grade I will be taken up

* Cattle and buffalo development: In this scheme besidesestablishment , expansions and reorganizations of regionalartificial insemination centres, units of Milch animals andFeed subsidy would be provided i.e. 2 Milch animalscow/buffalos are supplied along with feed.

* Poultry Development: Supply of pullets to provideoccupation and also to fulfill their need for protein rich foodthrough eat and eggs

* Supply of Goat Units to SC/ST families: In this scheme, 10female + I male unit is provided to beneficiaries on 50%subsidy

Forestry * Plantation of Forest species for Industrial and CommercialUses which though may not directly benefit tribals butwould provide income to them in terms of wages byworking on the plantations

* Reforestation of Degraded forests

Development of Minor Forest Produce by raising plantationof species which yield valuable such as Hirda, Khaira,Sandal-wood, etc.

Education * Provision for opening of Balwadis in Zilla Parishad PrimarySchool

. Grant to DRDAs for construction of Primary SchoolBuilding.

. Attendance allowance to girls from weaker sections ofsociety

* Instructional material for Adivasi children in Standard I an 11


FINAL REPORT-

Departments Schemes

Tech. Education * +2 vocational education: in this scheme (i) technical (ii)commerce (iii) agriculture (iv) hotel management (v)fisheries (vi) para-medical at present 27 competency basedvocational subjects are being taught.

* Introduction of certificate course in board of vocationalexamination

Industries and * Seed money assistance to Educated unemployed: to takeCommerce up self employment ventures. Local persons between the

age group of 18 to 50 who have passed at least the Vllthstandard are eligible to avail of seed money upto Rs. 1.5 lac

* District Industries Centres in the form of Loan Schemes forTiny units

Sericulture * The cultivation of Mulberry and rearing of silkworm form theagriculture base of this industry and outlay has been providedfor the same

Power * Under the rural electrification programme work forelectrification of 35 hamlets, 2000 energization of agriculturalpumpsets and release of 3000 domestic connections has beenproposed

* Non-conventional sources of Energy: undernonOconventional and renewable energy devises systems aredistributed/installed among the tribals.

* Also electrification through Wind-Solar Hybrid SystemsRnewable Energy Systems and Small Hydro Power Generation.

Tribal . Tribal Development Department was reorganized in 1992DevelopmentDepartmentWomen & * Schemes such as supply of bicycles to girls students in Std.Children V to X; opening of new Balwadis; supply of sarees to womenDevelopment belonging to economically weaker sections ; grant of financial

assistance to destitute women for housing purposes;construction of toilets and lavoratories for rural women

* Under the ICDS scheme supplementary nutrition;immunization; health checkup; referral schemes; nutrition andhealth education; non-formal education and local feeing cerealsand pulses produced locally. Pregnant and lactating mother andseverely malnourished children are also given larger supply of150 gms per day.

Housing * Scheme for extension of village gaothan is primarily meantfor planned extension of the village sites to relieve congestion inthe village due to increasing population pressure

Rural For economic upliftment of the STs the following projects areDevelopment & being implemented.Panchayat Raj * Swarna Jayanthi Swayam Rozgar Yojana ( SJSRY),

. Drought prone Area Programme:


FINAL REPORT-

Departments Schemes

* Sampurna Gramin Rojgar Yojana (SGRY)* Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS).

Health * Establishment of primary health centre (PHCs) and SubCentres (SCs) and Rural Hospitals.

a Establishment of rescue camps in tribal remote areas in theraining season

* Under the scheme Drishtidan Yojana spectacles would beprovided free of cost to cataract operated patients

Employment & * Craftsman Training Scheme (ITIs): under which new it is willTraining be established; introduction of trade of more demand in lieu of

trades less demand; removal of deficiencies in equipment andHand tools creation of additional training facilities in BTRIcentres

. Also under the Nav Sanjeevan Yojana they would beprovided employment opportunities under the EmploymentGuarantee scheme; Jawahar Rozgar Yojana and AssuredEmployment Scheme.

. Pre-Military and Police Training Centres: 9 ore-recruitmentcentres have been established to impart pre-military training totribals

* Motor Driving Training Centres for providing training toScheduled Tribes in youths to help them in recruitment toGovernmentsemi-govt. organizations

Cooperatives * Maharashtra State Cooperative Tribal developmentCorporation was established in the year 1972 under theMaharashtra Cooperative Societies Act

* Grant of interest subsidy under various schemes (1) to smallfarmers (2) to tribal farmers (3) to Adivasi members of AdivasiCooperative society at 5 percent (2) crop product incentivescheme

* Financial assistance to ST for purchase of shares ofcooperative sugar factories

* Managerial subsidy for fair price shops of Tribal CooperativeSocieties.

. Managerial subsidy and share capital to Adivasi VKSsocieties for revitalization

Water Supply . Water Supply and Sanitation Programme to be executedand Sanitation through Gram Sabhas wherein beneficiaries has to pay 10%

capital cost as popular contribution and should borne 100%expenditure towards operation and maintenance

* Dug well and Bore Well Programme and Piped WaterSupply scheme are being executed by the Zilla Parishads.

Irrigation Only Minor Irrigaton schemes are being taken up under theTribal Sub-plan

Banking Schemes * Shabari Tribal Finance and Development Corporation for thefor STs scheduled tribes for assisting them to start their own businesses

by providing financial assistance through subsidy, seed capital,etc.


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Departments Schemes

Consumption Finance Scheme (Khavati Loan) forconsumption requirements of the needy tribal families during thelean employment season i.e monsoon

The detailed policies and provisions related to the tribals are given in Annexure T

Issues and concern of Tribal

Based on an assessment of the field situation in the project areas, consultations with

the stakeholders, and findings of several studies, the ISEA found the following factors as

important for enabling tribal to participate in the project and to derive benefits at par with

others.

( Tribals continue to practice traditional agricultural practices and hence not deriving

maximum benefits from irrigated agriculture

( Exposure to emerging markets is limited

• Access to institutional credit, farm inputs and agricultural extension services is limited

• Poor leadership quality and inadequate representation/participation in decision-

making

c Lack of consultation with tribals on water management practices.

Farmers belonging to tribal category have, by and large, been affected economically

over the years due to poor conditions of the irrigation structures. They are now expected

to become members of the Water User Associations (WUAs) to manage the distribution

systems within their commands, and at higher regional (distribution and system) levels.

There is a considerable opposition among the farmers, led both by tribal and others as

well - especially supported by Shetkari Sanghatan or Kissan Mazdur Associations - to

the formation of the WUAs. Reasons for such an opposition is, mainly a reluctance to

own up the participate and to contribute towards the 0 and M of the system. Not all

farmers are aware that during the initial five years the Line Department will contribute

towards the 0 and M, while even those are aware, of the opinion that the Department

should bear the 0 and M costs even after five years.

( Presently, hardly any civil society NGOs is engaged in tribal areas to educate, and

mobilize the stakeholders to form WUAs and contribute towards 0 and M.

( there are also apprehensions that the implementation of the project would result in:


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0 Lack of concern for the social and economic needs of the tribal in the

command area, even if the WUAs are formed

O Loss of jobs when WUAs take the responsibility of operating the canals,

which now will be under the authority of the WUAs - presently tribals are

engaged in O&M works by ID but they apprehend that this opportunity will be

lost if WUAs are formed which will be captured by elite class.

03 Tribals due to their poor economic level are not able to pay the membership

of the WUAs, and subsequently 0 and M cost.

0 Tribals feel that they have to bear the 0 and M costs over and above the

money already being paid to ID towards the use of irrigation water (Paani

patti).

C Illiteracy is rampant.

0 Landless among tribals have few employment opportunities

0 Tribals not being fully well versed with the functioning of the WUAs, their

byelaws etc., may be at a handicap in participating equally in their working.

0 Due to poor economic condition, tribals do not have means to invest on

improved seeds, fertilizers, farm practices to increase their income level by

taking advantage of improved irrigation.

Strategy for Tribal Development

MWSIP being an irrigation project, it would be unrealistic to assume that all the issuesmentioned above will be addressed by the project. Especially, when there are severalprograms of GOM and GOI addressing most of these issues, it would be a rightapproach that the project aims at creating implementation strategies to dovetail suchdevelopment programs for the benefits of tribals in sub-project areas. However, theproject would focus on issues that are directly related to the tribals' involvement inproject activities and accessing project benefits. Thus the bottomline is to ensure anequitable opportunities for tribals to get project benefits. The main objective of a tribaldevelopment strategy would be therefore, to ensure that the tribals are actively involvedwith the project activities and they have access to project benefits at par with the rest ofthe community. The strategy also aims at minimizing any negative impacts like creatingfurther sources of social and economic imbalances between communities. The specificobjectives of the strategy are:

) To ensure project benefits are accessible to the Tribal living in the project areas.


FINAL REPORT-

@) To enable the tribals to participate in the community institutions with better capacity

in decision making process.

Tribal Development Strategy

Issue Strategies Proposed activities Respon- Possiblesibilities linkages

Lack of participation - educate - frequent meetings, periodical review & WUA/ID PublicWUA/project on interactions with tribal groups staff/ Relationinvolvement of tribal - organize training on leadership; NGO/ Dept./- insist on required - IEC material to focus on tribal issues/ IEC TDDquorum in WUA rights Consult-meetings - - document proceedings of the meetings ant!encourage free - sub-project to reflect tribal issues Socialdiscussion & - use of folk art forms, mass media Devp.consider issues - strengthen eco clubs in schools in Speciali-raised by tribal tribal areas st (SDS)- IEC strategy to - frequent meetings with tribal groups -focus on tribal apply PRA technique.issues.

Poor leadership - IEC focused on the - work with ST groups to communicate WUA/IDqualities tribal rights and roles the goals, strategies and plans of WUAs staff/

in WUAs and the project. NGO/- training in - ensure adequate representation for ST SDSleadership & members WUA executive committeeorganizationaldevelopment - design and organize specific capacity

building programs for tribal groupsLow return from - ensure need based - facilitate exposure to improved WUA/ID Agricul-

irrigated agriculture agricultural agriculture practices, with support staff/ ture Dept./extension and from the line departments and NGO/ Banks/support services research institutes SDS TDD

- ensure supply of seeds, fertilizers,pesticides and technical know how incoordination with line departmentsand credit agencies

- support in periodic soil testing anddemonstration of techniques to makethe best use of soil conditions.- organize special training programs &demonstration plots for tribals with thehelp of line departments- organize exposure trips to agriculturalfarms, research stations progressivefarmers under the project- facilitate access to institutional credit- establish linkages with the agriculture-marketing network, provide logisticsupport.


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Tail-end command - ensure mandatory - emphasize on equity for distribution of WUA/ID CADA/farmers and membership of water staff/ Agricultu-irregular/inadequate - involve tribals in determining the NGO/ re Dept.availability of water WUAs & as water-flow dimensions in the command SDS

representatives in - insist on field distribution channels inthe executive place of flooding water from field to field

and make arrangements with CADA forcommittee the same

- facilitate WUA to - one time WUA membership to be paidevolve an by the projectappropriate waterdistribution system

High incidence of - strengthen off-farm - identify educated unemployed WUA/ID Rurallandlessness and non-farm youth for job-oriented skill training staff/ Devp./

occupations programs, tying up with DiCs and NGO/ DIC/NGOs, and public agencies SDS Animal

- promote animal husbandry: sheep, Husba-goats, cows and Buffaloes, tie up ndry/with the Director of Animal Foresthusbandry and the District's lead TDDpt/lending bank. Banks

- implement Tree Patta Scheme fortrees grown in the fore shore areasof the reservoirs for the landlessamong STISC as main beneficiaries.

- formation of self-help groups,sponsored by the local NGOs.Membership fee will be provided by theProject for BPL members.

No land owned in - promote irrigation - tie up with the concerned line WUA/ID Liftthe command area - improve dryland departments for either individual or staff/ Irrigation/

farming community irrigation scheme - NGO/ Soil- integrate with emphasize on drip irrigation. SDS Conser-

and watershed - promote mixed farming in rain fed vation/andevelophent conditions in consultation with Agricul-development agriculture and animal husbandry ture Dept./programs deatet.Banks!departments. TDD

High incidence of - employment in - identify those dependent on wage WUA/ID Ruraljoblessness project construction employment and ensure that staff/ Dept./

activities and O&M contractorsfWUA employ them NGO/ Womenwork on preferential during project construction and O&M SDS and Childbasis activities Welfare

- form SHGs and encourage to take Dept./up petty contracts with WUAs TDDks/


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- promote functional - integrate with mass education and WUA/ID Educat-Low literacy literacy total literacy programs staff/ ion Dept.!

NGOI TDD- tune agril. - farm extension programs to include SDSextension programs audio-visual aids and participatoryto the needs of the learning methods.illiterates - customize training programs to meet

the needs of illiterate and neo-literateST communities

Inadequate - promote health - organize health campaigns, health WUAIID PHD/awareness on awareness camps (general and referral) in staff/ Horticul-health and association with line departments and NGO/ turesanitation - increase access to local medical institutions SDS

health and sanitation - promote nutritional gardens with thefacilities support of line departments. Distribute

seed material kit and saplings.

Action Plan

The precise nature of interventions and the additional activities needed to address any

specific problems of tribals would be determined when the strategic social assessment

is carried out at individual sub-project level for preparing sub-project plans. All specific

measures proposed to develop tribal people in a sub-project area will form part of the

sub-project plan.

Involvement of Tribal Groups

The first and foremost in the process of preparing sub-project plan is that when the field

level officials of ID along with other line departments, WUAs and NGO start working with

the project community. During this process, these functionaries should ensure the

involvement of tribals at all stages of planning and implementing project interventions at

the sub-project level. Wherever WUAs do not have adequate representation of tribals in

its Management Committee, concerted efforts are required to ensure that tribals are

given due representation. This is particularly important in sub-project areas where tribals

are mixed with general population and there is likelihood that they are marginalised in

the decision-making at the local level. In order to ensure a fair representation to the tribal

groups in such areas, members from this community would be co-opted in the WUA

executive committee. In irrigation schemes coming within scheduled areas, however,

majority of WUA executive members will be from tribal groups. The role of ID and NGO

assumes significant importance here when they take up awareness campaigns to

explain the need for the active involvement of tribals in the decision making process at

the WUA level.


FINAL REPORT-

For this purpose, NGO and ID functionaries will undertake an awareness andcommunication campaign to explain about the participatory nature of project activitiesand the need to involve all sections of the society in planning and implementing projectinterventions at the WUA level. In areas inhabited by tribals, Information, Education andCommunication (IEC) campaigns will be designed and tailored to meet their socio-cultural situations and will be taken up more intensively to ensure their participation anda fair and adequate representation in the WUA activities. NGO and ID staff will liaise withand mobilize, as required, other government agencies in the area to provide support anddovetail relevant government schemes for the development of tribals in sub-projectareas and also seek focused attention of staff working with various line departments. Forthis purpose, capacity would be built under the project to encourage and equip ID staffand NGOs to work with the tribal groups and provide adequate resources for their field

operations in WUA areas with large tribal population.

Actions planned at the WUA level

At the WUA level, following actions are envisaged through out the process of preparing,

implementing and monitoring activities proposed under the Tribal Development Plan(TDP).

* Participatively identify tribal people in WUA areas particularly with mixed population.

* Determine the economic status of tribals, in terms of their landholding, poverty level,livelihood strategies and their dependence on the sub-project. This will help inplanning activities under TDP focused on their economic development.

* Ensure that tribal households actively participate in the WUA decision makingprocess.

* Ensure that the tribals get employment opportunities during the project constructionactivities on preferential basis.

* Encourage self-help groups (SHG) among tribals to take up economic activities.

Organize separate SHG for women among tribals so as to benefit from their socialand cultural capital.

* ID/Project staff , NGO and functionaries of other line departments should try tostrengthen the livelihood of tribals through their involvement in project activities atWUA level.


FINAL REPORT-

TDP an integral part of Sub-project Plan: The over all approach in planning and

implementing TDP is to extend programs already inbuilt in the project design on a

priority basis to tribal communities under the project. Besides, all efforts will be made to

dove tail government development programs for the socio-economic welfare of tribal

groups so that tribals access project benefits at par with others. In this regard, ID/Project

staff at different levels have major responsibilities to ensure that tribals benefit from the

activities under the project. Specifically, ID/Project staff at the sub-project/VUA level

should ensure the following.

* Irrigation schemes with more than 20% population as tribal will prepare TDP to

address tribal issues in relation to proposed activities. In such schemes, TDP will be

an integral component of the sub-project Plan, and accordingly ensure that the

financial allocation are inclusive of the proposed TDP activities.

+ Identify and amalgamate GOl/ GoM programs and schemes meant for tribal areas

and tribal communities and examine the means of augmenting the delivery system in

their favor in WUA areas.

+ Project staff/WUA will ensure that wage employment opportunities under the

proposed activities are offered to tribals on a priority basis.

* Similarly, ensure that farm demonstration and other support programs planned under

the project are extended to tribal families on a preferential basis

* As a part of monitoring and evaluation process, PMU should undertake periodic

(half-yearly) assessment to review the progress of TDP activities.

* The Social Development Specialist at the PMU/Basin levels will coordinate and

monitor the activities of TDP at the sub-project/WUA level.

Institutional arrangement

TDP will form an integral part of the sub-project Plan and its implementation will be

synchronized with other project interventions at WUA level. The responsibility of

approving TDP as part of sub-project Plan will be with the PMU/Basin level organization.

The social development specialist with PMU will ensure that TDPs conform to the

agreed TD strategy of the project.

At all the major schemes, there will be a designated person to be responsible for TDP

activities who will ensure that TDPs prepared at the sub-project level are in accordance

with the agreed TD strategy of the project. Allocation of funds for TD at WUA level will be

in proportion to the tribal membership.


FINAL REPORT-

Strategy for implementing TD component under the proposed MWSIP is to work in close

association with the existing TD agencies duly supplementing their efforts with Projectinitiatives. The Project will facilitate dove tailing of on going welfare measures for the

over all upliftment of tribal communities in irrigation areas covered under the project..

This will require the project functionaries to work in close coordination with thefunctionaries of the above agencies and ensure proper linkages with government

schemes for the over all socio-economic development of tribal communities. Any direct

investment from the Project will be with an aim to help tribals access project benefits at

par with others.

In order to have focused attention on tribal development under the project, a Social

Development Specialist within the Social and Environmental cell at the PMU will

coordinate with the relevant government departments and agencies. This Unit will alsobe responsible to monitor the preparation and implementation of TDPs at the individual

sub-project level. At the Basin/major Irrigation schemes level, preparation and

implementation of TDPs will be the responsibility of the designated Social Development

Specialist. Where ever suitable NGOs are available, they will be engaged to facilitate thepreparation and implementation of TDP.

Inter-sector coordination will be ensured at the state, Basin and sub-Project level

through PMU, Basin and sub-project level ID organizations. At the state level, a Project

Steering Committee chaired by the Chief Secretary and comprise Principal Secretaries

of various departments will provide inter-departmental coordination and strategicdirections, decisions and support with a view to ensure timely and successful

implementation of all project activities.


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