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&& AÜ`mË_ eãXH$moe &&
S>m°. AZwamYm gwYra Hw$bH$UuA Oo _amR>r "nma_m{W©H$ eãXH$moe' Oo AmYma Vo V`mé H$`bw
àmo. bN>_U nagam_ hX©dmUr
(qgYr ^mfm Or _yb {bnr XodZmJarA _|)
àH$meH$
goR> ^OZbmb amoham M¡[aQ>o~b Q´>ñQ> _w§~B©-66
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AÜ`mË_ eãXH$moe
àmo. bN>_U nagam_ hX©dmUr
"H${dVm', àmoµ\o$ga H$m°bmoZr, gmdo‹S>r, Ah_XZJa - 414 003. (_hmamï´>) B©-_ob … [email protected]
_mo~mB©b … 09890693931
N>mnmo n{h[a`m| … 2011
AIa gOmdQ> … lr. {dîUw {gÜX_ dH«$Vw§S> J«m{\$Šg, Ah_XZJa. _mo~mB©b … 94050 01047
H$da noO H$mobmO … àmo. hX©dmUr E| lr. {dîUw {gÜX_
N>mntX‹Sx> … {gÜXr JUoe Am°\$goQ> qàQ>g©, B§S>pñQ´>Ab B©ñQ>oQ>, Ah_XZJa. _mo~mB©b … 80078 61716
àH$meH$ … goR> ^OZbmb amoham M¡[aQ>o~b Q´>ñQ>
Xm¡bV ZJa, ~moardbr (nyd©) _w§~B© - 400 066
_wëhþ … AÜ`mË_ ào_
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AÜ`mË_ Om A{YH$mar, _hmZ VÎdkmZr, _mZd-godm Io B© _mYd-godm _ÄmtX‹S>, AmYw{ZH$ ^maV Om _hmZ drMmadmZ, {Zð>mdmZ í`m_-^ŠV, Z_«Vm Or _yaV, Jwé-{Zð>m Om AmXeu gËnwéf, gmpËdH$ ào_ E| àH$me Omo g§Xoe S>tX‹S>, _ehÿa àdMZH$ma, dŠVm E| gm{hË`H$ma, gMm g_mO-godH$, emH$mhma Om {h_m`Vr, ^mfm-à^y, _mV¥^mfm bmB µ\$˜wé hÿ§X‹S>, qgYr ~mobr E| gËgm{hË` Om àMmaH$, gmYy dmñdmUr {_eZ Omo H$m`w© dYmE dUw H§$X‹S>
na_ nyOZr`
XmXm OeZ dmñdmUr "A§Obr' O{Z Io
gmXa An©U
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_whmJw (Amerd©MZ)................................ S>m°. _wabrYa OoQ>bo ~ AIa .......................................... àmo. bN>_U hX©dmUr
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AIa{Z Omo {gb{gbmo
eãX/AIa n¥ð> eãX/AIa n¥ð>
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n[a{eï>/µO_r_mo/ Appendix
g§X^© J«§W
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1318272829303132333435364446485253555660
63646870767888108117122133138143146168182185186217
220227
H${h‹S>o {~ àmMrZ `m AmYw{ZH$ gm{hË` Omo Aä`mgw AZoH$ ê$n{Z _| H$ao g{KOo Wmo. H$moe-aMZm {nUw Aä`mg Omo {hHw$ ê$nw Amho. Am_ Vmoa eãXH$moe{Z _| bµâµO{Z Or _mZm° `m AW© {S>Zm d|Xm Am{h{Z. A{h‹S>m eãXH$moe, {S>pŠeZ[a`y§ qgYrA _| H$mµ\$s Am{h{Z. bo{H$Z eãX{Z Oo AW© gm§ JSw> CÝh{Z Omo {dñVma gm§ dU©Zw H§$X‹Sx> eãXH$moew qgYrA _| H$moÝho. ˜mg H$ao g§V{Z Oo gm{hË` `m Ya²_r J«§W{Z _| Am`b AZoH$ bµâµO{Z Or _mZm° {MQ>rA Vah E| Hw$Pw {dñVma gm§ g_wPmE gK§X‹Sx> eãXH$moew qgYrA _| AOw VmBª H$moZ a{M`mo {d`mo Amho. nmR>H$ ^JdV²JrVm, lr_X² ^mJdV, ^{ŠV-gyÌ, am_m`U Am{X Ya²_r J«§W n‹S>h{Z Wm, AZoH$ g§àXm`-n§W{Z _| lmoVm àdMZ ~wY{Z Wm bo{H$Z CZ dµH²${V ~«h²_kmZ `m AmË_kmZ dµJoah Om Ho$ A{h‹S>m Sw{I`m bµâµO {~ AM{Z Wm, {O{Z Omo AWw© Am_ _mÊhþ{Z Io g_wP _| H$moZ BªXmo Amho. A{h‹S>m bµâµO ~ma-~ma BªXm ah§Xm Am{h{Z. A{h‹S>{Z bµâµO{Z Omo AWw© {O½`mgy, emBµµH$ E| Am_ AmX_r {nUw g_wPr gKo, BZ _µŠgX g§ hrC Z§T>mo AÜ`mË_- eãXH$moew XodZmJar qgYr {bnrA _| (OoH$m qgYr ^mfm Or _yb {bnr Amho) aMU Or H$mo{ee H$B© doB© Amho, OrA§ qgYr g_mO Or ZBª nr‹S²>hr {nUw gdbmB©A gm§ g_wPr gKo.
AÜ`mË_, ê$hm{Z`V Oo OJV _| BñVo_mbw WtX‹S> Ah_ eãX{Z Omo hrC H$moew AmË_kmZ E| VÎdkmZ ({µ\$bmgm°µ\$s) Omo Z§{T>‹S>mo g§X^w-J«§Ww B© Amho. O§qh gm§ ~«h²_, B©ída, _m`m, A{dX²`m, kmZ-AkmZ, OJV, Ord, doX, Cn{ZfX, `moJ, Ü`mZ, ^{JVr dµJoah eãX{Z Oo AW© Or {dñVma gm§ OmU hm{gb Wr gK§Xr. {hZ eãXH$moe _m§ AZoH$ Y_u g§àXm`{Z, n§W{Z E| J«§W{Z Omo {nUw Aën n[aM` àmn{V Wr g§KXmo. _Zwf-g§ñH¥$VrA Or _Bby{_`V {S>`U dmam Ho$ g§àXm`, n§W V Cn{ZfX{Z Oo µO_mZo Im§ dR>r {MÝVZ-na§nam Omo da²gmo IUr Am`m Am{h{Z, {O{Z CÝh{Z Oo AmµOmX qMVZ Io _µO~yVw ~Um`mo Amho. doX {gÝYy ZXrA Oo {H$Zmao Vo {b{I`m {d`m hþAm. CÝh{Z Or ML>r OmU {hZ H$moe _| {S>Zr doB© Amho, OrA§ qgYr g_mOw d¡{XH$ g§ñH¥$VrA Omo n[aM` àmá H$ao n§qhOrA _hmZ g§ñH¥$VrA E| gZmVZ Y_© gm§ dYrH$ Ow‹S>r gKo. AÜ`mË_, na_mW©, VÎdkmZ {df` AWmh, D$Ýhm Am{h{Z, {O{Z Io g_wPU
&& ~ AIa &&
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bmB gd| J«§W n‹S>hU-h§S>mBU Or µOê$aV hÿXr Amho. {hZ eãXH$moe _| A{Q>H$b 700 eãX{Z Or _mZm° E| g_wPmUr {dñVma gm§ {S>`U Or H$mo{ee H$B© doB© Amho.
&& AÜ`mË_ &&AÜ`mË_ (ê$hm{Z`V, Spirituality) _mZm° AmË_kmZ. AmË_ Oo
gÝ~§Y _|, AmË_m {Zñ~V drMmé AÜ`mË_w Amho. AÜ`mË_ Or ì`wËnÎmr Amho A{Y (~mao _|) + AmË_Z² (AmË_). AÜ`mË_ Omo AWw© Amho AmË_m ~{Zñ~V kmZw. Cn{ZfX{Z _| Am`bw VÎdkmZ (Philosophy) _mZm° AÜ`mË_-drMmé AÜ`mË_ _| ~«h²_ E| Ord Oo gÝ~§Y Omo drMmé hÿ§Xmo Amho. g_W© ñdm_r am_Xmg Oo bµâµO{Z _|, "_m`m ~«h²_ AmoiImdo & V`mg AÜ`mË_ åhUmdo &&' `mZo _m`m ~«h²_ Io gwÄmmUUw AÜ`mË_ Amho. "AÜ`mË_{dX²`m {dX²`mZm_' Omo AWw© ~wYmBªXo g_W© am_Xmg M`mo Amho V "gH$i {dÚo_Ü`o gma & AÜ`mË_{dÚoMm {dMma& AWm©V² AÜ`mË_-{dX²`m ~{Zñ~{V drMmé B© g{^Zr {dX²`mC{ZMm gmé Amho. AÜ`mpË_H$ J«§W{Z _| BZ Jmb²{h Omo ~`mZw H$`bw hÿ§Xmo Amho V OZ_-_aU Oo \o$ao E| XþI{Z Im§ Nw>Q>U bmB _Zwf Io AmË_kmZw hm{gb H$aUw Kw[aOo. g§V kmZoída n§qhOo "kmZoídar' J«§W _| M`mo Amho V ghO pñWVrA _| hÿ§X‹Sx> AmË_m ~«h²_ {O`m§ AI§Sw>, {ZVw E| emídV hÿ§Xmo Amho. "g§X{g hþAUw B© AÜ`mË_w Amho.'
^JdX²JrVm _| AÜ`mË_ Or g_wPmUr S>tXo M`mo {d`mo Amho V "ñd^mdmo@Ü`mË_ CÀ`Vo' = ñd^md Io AÜ`mË_ Md§Xm Am{h{Z. "ñd' _mZm° AmË_m E| "^md' _mZm° hþAUw. O§qh _| AmË_m Omo ha h§{Y hþAUw ~wYm`mo {d`mo Amho, Chmo "AÜ`mË_' Amho. V§qhH$ao ~«h²_ Oo ghOpñWVrA Io "AÜ`mË_' M`mo d|Xmo Amho.
AÜ`mË_w `m ê$hm{Z`V _Zwf Io ^{Q>H$U Im§, OZ_-_¥Ë`yA Oo MH$a Im§ N>mo{Q>H$mamo {S>`maU, _moIw-_wŠVr {S>`maU Or {hH$ Ah_ {dYm Amho. AÜ`mË_w Xÿam§XoerA Omo {~`mo Zmbmo Amho, O§qhOo A§JrH$mé H$aU gm§ _Zwf Omo B©ídaÎd S>m§hþ§ dÄmU Omo añVmo H§$S>{Z Im§, H$ï>{Z-XþI{Z Im§ {da{hV Wr d|Xmo Amho.
g§V{Z X²dmam§ a{M`bw gm{hË`w ˜mg H$ao AÜ`mpË_H$ (ê$hmZr)
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gm{hË`w Amho. ~«h²_{dX²`m `m AmË_kmZw BZ gm{hË` Oo dU©Z Omo _w»`w {df` Amho. "AmË_-àVr{V' `m AmË_m Omo AZw^dw g§V{Z bmB ~ohX Ah_ Jmb²{h ahr Amho. g§V{Z Oo ^{ŠV`moJ _| AmË_kmZ, ñdY_©-H$_© E| ZrVrA Omo (g_mµO-Y_© Omo) g§J_w {W`bw Amho. g§X{Z Y_© ~m~V drMma AÜ`mË_ E| ZrVrA gm§ Ow{‹S>`b Am{h{Z, Oo B©ída-^{JVrA X²dmam§ µOm{ha {W`m Am{h{Z. kmZw E| H$_w© OS>qh ^{JVr ~{UOr dÄmo Wmo, VS>qh Bhmo "g§V-Y_©' Wmo ~{UOr ndoo. BZ g§V-Y_© Omo, g§X{Z VÎdkmZ Omo AmYmé Amho A^oX-^{JVr. g§V{Z Oo ZµOa _| ~«h²_w `m AmË_m B© H$S>qh {~ Z ~{XbO§X‹S>, gZmVZ E| {ZVw ZBª dñVy, gX² dñVy Amho. Bhm gX² dñVy B© qnS>-~«h²_m§S> Omo _ybw VÎdw `m Am{X H$maUw Amho VWm BÝh{Z g{^Zr Omo _yb AmYmé Amho. Bhm gX² dñVy, _yb dñVy `m H$ënZm {hH$ B© dµH²${V gX²-ê$nw, {MX² ê$nw E| AmZ§X ê$nw hþAU H$ao "g{ÀMXmZ§X' bµâµO Omo ~moYw H$amBªX‹S> Amho.
AmË_m ~{Zñ~V kmZw AÜ`mË_w Amho. AmË_m _mZm° Agm§Omo n§qhOmo `m na~«h²_ Omo _yb ê$nw. V§qhH$ao AÜ`mË_w _mZm° "_m§' Omo gMmo ê$nw Jmoëho H$T>Uw. AÜ`mË_ Or B_maV kmZ-_r_m§gm Vo I‹S>r {W`b Amho. kmZ-_r_m§gm kmZ Omo ewÜX ê$n _wµH$aé H$aU Omo H$_w H§$Xr Amho. kmZw _mZm° "dñVy'A Or, na~«h²_ Or àVrVr, Ahgmgw. gMmo kmZw Chmo Amho, O§qh X²dmam§ "dñVy' gMwnMw g_wP _| BªXr Amho E| CZ bmB lÜXm {Z_m©Uw WtXr Amho. A{h‹S>mo kmZw AÜ`mË_ Oo Aä`mg Omo {df` hÿ§Xmo Amho. AÜ`mË_ Oo H$ao _Z Io em§Vr E| AmZ§X Omo bm^w WtXmo Amho. N>mH$m{U V AÜ`mË_ Oo Aä`mg Omo {df` hÿ§X‹S> AmË_m gV² {MV² AmZ§X ê$nr Amho.
AÜ`mË_w (ê$hm{Z`V) OrdZ ~{Zñ~{V {hHw$ Ñ{ï>H$moUw (ZµO[a`mo) Amho. AÜ`mË_ Io JrVm 'kmZw' M`mo Amho E| àn§M, Ka-J¥hñVrA Io "{dkmZw' M`mo Amho. {hHw$ ^oamo AÜ`mË_ Omo ~moYw Wr dÄmU gm§ OUw g^w Hw$Pw OmVmo d|Xmo Amho. O§qhOo X²dmam§ Z ~wYbw ~wYmo d|Xmo Amho, AU OmVbw OmVmo d|Xmo Amho E| AZw^dw Z {W`bw AZw^dw H$`mo d|Xmo Amho, A{h‹S>mo kmZw "AÜ`mË_-kmZw' Amho. A{h‹S>mo AÜ`mË_-kmZ hm{gb H$aU Or {Xem _| hrC eãXH$moew H$s µH$Xþé _XXJmé Wr gKo Wmo. AÜ`mË_w AmË_{dX²`m Amho. Ord, OJV E| OJXre Omo
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ñdê$nw {MQ>rA Vah g_wPmE OZ_w gµ\$bw H$aU Omo _mJw© S>oImaUw AÜ`mË_ Omo H$_w Amho. V§qhH$ao AÜ`mË_emów µ\$µH${V {µOhZr OmU Omo IoV²é Zmho ~b²{H$ AmË_-qMVZ E| AmË_-ewÜXrA X²dmam§ _moIw hm{gb H$aU Omo _µŠgXþ {~ CZ _| g_m`bw Amho.
_y§ OS>qh {dX²dmZ bo{IH$m S>m°. AZwamYm Hw$bH$UuA Omo _amR>rA _| N>{n`bw "nma_m{W©H$ eãXH$moe' ZµOa _m§ H${T>`mo, VS>qh _Z _| drMmé n¡Xm {W`mo V N>mo Z A{h‹S>o {µH$ñ_ Omo H$mamBVmo eãXH$moew qgYrA _| AmUU Omo OVZw H$Oo. Bhmo drMmé E| àoaUm B© {hZ H$moe Oo OZ_ Omo H$maUw Amho. BZ bmB _m§ bo{IH$m S>m°. Hw$bH$UuA Om Wmoam _ÄmtXo Io{Z YÝ`dmXþ Wmo {S>`m§. OoVmoUr{H$ H$moew V`mé H$aU Omo H$_w ~ohX Sw>{I`mo hÿ§Xmo Amho, VS>qh {~ gËJwé{Z Im§ Amgrg E| {h_W dR>r {bIU Omo H$_w ewê$ H$ao N>{S>`w{_.
qgYrA _| hrC eãXH$moew V`mé H$aU dµH²${V {O½`mgy nmR>H${Z Oo µOê$aV E| n§qhOr g_aWrA, µHw$dV Omo Ü`mZw aIr _yb eãXH$moe _m§ Ah_ eãX B© I§`m AW{_. Ho$ Xm˜bmD§$, eãX (Terms) n§qhOo Va²µ\$m§ Omo‹S>>U Omo {~ H$_w H$`mo AW{_. {H${Z eãX{Z Omo dU©Zw Wmoao _| H$`mo AW{_ V {H${Z Omo dYrH$ {dñVma gm§. dU©_mbm qhXrA AZwgma aIr doB© Amho. XmIbm dma{Z eãX{Z Omo CÀMmé `m gyaV˜Vr qhXr-g§ñH¥$V _y{O~ a{I`b Amho. H$moew R>m{hU dµH²${V {~`{Z _amR>r, qhXr, qgYr eãXH$moe{Z, J«§W{Z E| {dX²dmZ nwéf{Z Or {nUw _XX d[aVr AW{_.
_m§ CÝh{Z g{^Zr Ho$eH$ma{Z, {dX²dmZ àmoµ\o$ga{Z, n§qhOo AÜ`mnH${Z E| {_Ì{Z Omo ewHw$aJwµOmé Am{h`m§, {O{Z AÜ`mË_, ê$hm{Z`V Omo amµOw g_wPmBU _| _y§Io _mJ©Xe©Zw H$`mo E| _w§qhOmo _mJw© AmgmZ ~UmE N>{S>`mo. AZoH$ S>w{I`{Z eãX{Z (Terms) Omo AWw© Imobo g_wPmBU Oo {bhmµO Im§ _m§ ˜mg H$ao Jwéd`© àmo. ho_§V X. JmoIbo ({µ\$bmgm°µ\$s E| VH©$emó Om {dX²dmZ), S>m°. XodràgmX Iad§S>rH$a (g§ñH¥$V {dX²dmZ) E| {_Ì S>m°. aËZmH$a ~m. _§MaH$a (_amR>r ^mfm E| gm{hË` Om {dX²dmZ) Omo WmoamBVmo Am{h`m§.
{hZ eãXH$moe bmB S>m°. _wabrYa {H${eZM§X OoQ>bo gm{h~ Omo {b{I`bw _whmJw (Amerd©MZ) OUw {hZ AÜ`mË_-eãXH$moe Io bJm`bw Ho$ea-
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M§XZ Omo, Amerdm©X Omo {VbHw$ Amho. S>m°. OoQ>bo O{h‹S>o ^mfm-n§{S>V, ^mfm-{dkmZr, VÎdkmZr, g§ñH¥$V-qhXr-qgYr-A§J«oµOr -\$magr ^mfmC{Z Oo {dX²dmZ gËnwéf Omo gmpËdH$ _hmJw _y§ bmB AZ_mob aVZw Amho. _m§ g§X{Z ~ohX WmoamBVmo Am{h`m§.
AÜ`mË_ Oo IoVa _| AZmoIm E| bmgmZr H$m`w© H§$X‹S> _hmZ VÎdkmZr E| àdMZH$ma g§V n.ny. XmXm OeZ dmñdmUr, XodZmJar qgYrA _| {bIU Or àoaUm E| Amerdm©X H§$X‹S> lr. ào_ àH$me _§S>b, O`nwa Om n.ny. g§V ñdm_r ^JV àH$me _hmamO E| _w§~B© {Zdmgr gËnwê$f lr. AmZ§X AmhÿOm ([aQ>mBS>© _¡{OñQ´>oQ>) gm{h~ Io àUm_w H§$Xo g§X{Z Wmoam Wmo _Ämm§, {O{Z Omo Amgrg Omo hWw gXmBª _w§qhOo _Wo Vo a{h`mo Amho.
hrC H$moew nwñVH$ Oo ê$n _| V`mé H$ao {S>`U _| {O{Z Omo gh`moJw a{h`mo Amho, CÝh{Z _m§ lr. {dîUw {gÜX_ Io YÝ`dmXþ Wmo {S>`m§, O§qhOr _mV¥^mfm VobwJw hÿ§Xo {~ XodZmJar qgYrA _| hrC nwñVHw$ H$m°åß`wQ>a Vo Q>mB©n goQ> H$ao {S>Zmo. _m§ YÝ`dmXþ Wmo {S>`m§ Zm¡OdZ lr. _Zrf P§da Io, O§{h {hZ nwñVH$ Or gw{hUr N>nmB© H$ao {S>Zr.
hrC AÜ`mË_-eãXH$moe N>nmE n{Yamo H$aU dmar g§ñWm "goR> ^OZbmb amoham M¡[aQ>o~b Q´>ñQ>' (_w§~B©) Omo _m§ ~ohX WmoamBVmo Am{h`m§, O§qh "gm_rA Om gbmoH$', E| "gm_rA doX gwUm`m' nwñVH${Z Im§ nmoB hrC nwñVHw$ N>nmE qgYr ~mobr, gm{hË` E| g_mO gm§ dS>mo d‹Sx> H$`mo Amho. YÝ`mdmX !
AÜ`mË_, ê$hm{Z`V AWmhþ Amho, O§qhOmo A§Vw bhr gKUww BÝgmZ bmB Zm_w_{H$Z Jmb²{h Amho. A{h‹S>o IoV²a Oo Ah_ _™gyg eãX{Z Omo AWw© {S>`Uw E| dU©Zw _y§ O{h‹S>o gmYmaU Ord bmB H${R>Z H$_w Amho. bo{H$Z AÜ`mË_, VÎdkmZ ({µ\$bmgm°µ\$s) E| gm{hË` Omo Aä`mgw H$aU bmB A{h‹S>o eãXH$moe Or g™Vw µOê$aV _hgygw H§$Xo ~«h²_-{dX²`m `m AmË_kmZ Oo {demb E| D$Ýho gmJa _m§ kmZ Or {hH$ bn (A§Obr) ^ao {hZ H$moe X²dmam {S>`U Or
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lr bN>_U nagam_ hX©dmUr (O. 1942, goìhU, qgYw) qgYr-qhXr-_amR>r ^mfmC{Z Omo à{gÜX {dÛmZ Amho. {Q>Ýhr ^mfmC{Z Omo Bhmo {ÌdoUr g§J_w {~E H§$qh {~ qgYr gm{hË`H$ma _| ZµO[a ZWmo AMo. hþZ Z µ\$H${V BÝh{Z ^mfmC{Z Oo {dM _| AZwdmX µOarE nw{b ~{UOr, BÝh{Z Io nmU _| J§T>U Omo H$_w H$`mo Amho, na BÝh{Z _| _yb aMZmD§$ {bIr _hÎdnyU© `moJXmZw {~ {S>Zmo Amho. hÿ qgYr ^mfm Or _yb àmMrZ {bnr XodZmJarA Omo g_W©Hw$ Amho. E| µOmoaXma Z_yZo BZ Or KmofUm {~ H§$Xmo Amho. hþZ Io g§X{g gm{hpË`H$ godmC{Z Vo KUoB© nwañH$ma {~ àmá Wr MwH$m Am{h{Z &
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