FLNG Popular Talking Points
• Liquefaction Process
• LNG Offloading
• Cargo Containment System
• BAHX vs SWHE
• Gas Turbine Selection
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
FLNG Popular Talking Points
• Liquefaction Process
• LNG Offloading
• Cargo Containment System
• BAHX vs SWHE
• Gas Turbine Selection
“Integrated” FLNG Vessel
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
WellsProduction
Process
Gas
TreatmentLiquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping
Ma
rke
t
“Integrated” Process/Liquefaction Vessel
- many functions on single vessel (not an FPSO)
- unwieldy size, limited construction sites
- drive cost higher and increases “riskex”
- unsatisfactory solutions for LNG transfer offshore
Typical FLNG Configuration: Integrated FLNG Vessel
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
FLNG: The Real Questions
• Cost Effective Drilling/Completion/Workover?
• Exposure to Cyclonic Storms?
• Ensuring Safe/Reliable LNG Offloading
• Generic Design/Residual Value for Relocation
• Project Execution Factors (Cost/Schedule Risk)
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Wells Production
Process
Gas
TreatmentLiquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping
FLNG
VesselProduction
Vessel
LNG Shuttle
Tanker
Site Specific Generic Generic
Re
se
rvo
ir
Ma
rke
t
Wells Production
Process
Gas
Treatment Liquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping
Ma
rke
t
Re
se
rvo
ir
Flexibles
/Buoy
Production
Vessel
Liquefaction/Shuttle
Tanker
Site Specific Generic
Flexibles
& Turret
Split FLNG Configuration: Segregate Production & Liquefaction
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Select WHP/Production/Treating Platforms for Site Conditions
FPSO/Subsea Wells
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
FPSO/Subsea Wells
Shallow Water
Dry Tree
Floating LNG 2015
Select WHP/Production/Treating Platforms for Site Conditions
London, Feb 2015
FPSO/Subsea Wells
Shallow Water
Dry Tree
Harsh
Environment
Floating LNG 2015
Select WHP/Production/Treating Platforms for Site Conditions
London, Feb 2015
Wells Production
Process
Gas
TreatmentLiquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping
FLNG
VesselProduction
Vessel
LNG Shuttle
Tanker
Site Specific Generic Generic
Re
se
rvo
ir
Ma
rke
t
Wells Production
Process
Gas
Treatment LiquefactionStorage Offloading Shipping
Ma
rke
t
Re
se
rvo
ir
Flexibles
/Buoy
Production
VesselLiquefaction/Shuttle
Tanker
Site Specific Generic
Flexibles
& Turret
Split FLNG Configuration: Segregate Production & Liquefaction
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Liquefaction/Storage/Shuttling Vessel
155,000 M3 x 2 MTA Capacity
Standard Moss LNG Carrier
Dual Fuel Diesel Electric Drive
Floating LNG 2015London, Feb 2015
N2 Dual Exp Liquefaction: Unit Power (KW-hr/Tonne)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Base Case >N2 Press Pre-cool Gas,< N2 Temp
Revised Pre-cool
OptimizedCase
SMR DMR
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Large Scale Dual N2 Expansion Plants
Floating LNG 2015
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
ASU Reference List – 1992 - 2013
Tonnes/day LOX
London, Feb 2015
Liquefaction Process – Driver Efficiency
Fuel Gas Consumption = (KW-hr/tonne) / Engine Efficiency
Steam Gas Duel Fuel Diesel Engine
Turbine Turbine Standard w/WHRU
Prime Mover 49% 52.5%
Alternator/Switchgear 2.2% 2.2%
Transformers/VFD 3.0% 3.0%
Drive Motor 5.4% 5.4%
Net Efficiency 30% 38% 44% 47%
Floating LNG 2015London, Feb 2015
Comparison w/Mixed Refrigerants – Fuel Gas Consumption
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
Optimized N2 - DFDE SMR - Gas Turbine DMR - Gas Turbine
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
HOFIM Compressor: Footprint & Weight Reduction
Gas turbine
CompressorCompressor w/VFD
MOPICO® / HOFIM™
+ No lube oil system
+ No shaft seals, no seal system
+ Reduced footprint / smaller motor
+ No gearbox
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
• Vessel is Classed as Ship
• Vessel is Flagged as Ship
• Vessel is Crewed like Ship
• Vessel Periodically Dry Docks per Ship
• Vessel Planned Maintenance in Dry Dock
• Precedents: Oil Shuttle Tankers, EBRV Ships
Liquefaction Vessel is Ship, not Production Vessel
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Transfer Jetty
Transfer Jetty Located in Sheltered Water
Local “Footprint” for tugs/harbor
Enables Local Power Generation
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
• FLNG Solutions must consider Drilling & Production Operations.
• Side-By-Side offloading incongruous with Currently Accepted Offshore Industry Practice
• Size & Complexity of Integrated FLNG systems add significant Riskex
• Dry Gas Expander Liquefaction offers layout/safety advantages
• Optimized N2 Process offers similar fuel efficiency to MR processes
• De-integration of FLNG System advantageous for Cost, Schedule, Project Execution, Operability and Redeployment
Thoughts & Observations
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Utilize Standard, Generic Liquefaction Vessel: 1- 2 MTA per Vessel
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
Producton/Treating Platform per Site Specific Factors
Utilize Standard, Generic Liquefaction Vessel
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
E Canada
GoM Offshore
SW Africa W Australia
Barents Sea
FLNG Moderate – Harsh Environments
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
FLNG Units Costs
4 MTA
3 x 2 MTA Newbuild Ships
~$900/TPA
2 MTA
3 x 1 MTA Converted Ships
~$1000/TPA
1 MTA
Benign Metocean
Environment
~$1000/TPA
4 MTA
Grand Banks
Environment
~$1200/TPA
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015
FLNG 2014
TLP FLNG Unit Cost & Impact of Tandem Offloading
6 MTA
3 TLPs
6 X 2 MTA Liq Vessels
1 FSU
~$1400/TPA
6 MTA
3 TLPs
3 X 2 MTA Liq Vessels
Tandem Loading
3 x DP Shuttles
1 FSU
~$1250/TPA
Liquefaction Shuttle
Vessels Tankers
London, Feb 2015
• Well Costs & Operations- Choose fixed vs. Floating production host as required
• Liquefaction System- Optimized Dual N2 Expansion: Safe, Compact, Lightweight, Efficient
• LNG Offloading- No side by side or tandem offloading; LNG transfer in sheltered water
• Generic Design/Residual Value- Field Specific factors only affect FPSO; Liquefaction vessels are generic
• Project Execution Factors- Standard Hulls; multiple shipyards. - Modular Topsides; multiple parallel construction
Addressing the Real Concerns
Floating LNG 2015 London, Feb 2015