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RBS 2301 Description

Description

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Description 2(41)

Description 37 (41)

RBS 2301 Description

Contents

3

1 Introduction

1.1 RBS 2000 Family - a World Class Solution3

1.2 The RBS 23014

1.3 Can Be Positioned Almost Anywhere4

2 RBS 2301 Architecture7

3 BSS Features11

4 Transmission13

5 Operation and Maintenance14

5.1 Remote Operation14

5.2 Operation and Maintenance Concept14

5.3 Operation14

5.4 Maintenance15

6 Installation and Commissioning20

6.1 Site Preparation20

6.2 Installing the RBS 230120

7 Replacement22

7.1 Replacement Procedure22

8 Dependability and Quality of Service23

8.1 Availability and Reliability Performance23

8.2 Maintainability Performance23

9 Technical Specification24

9.1 Environmental Requirements24

9.2 Acoustic Noise24

9.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)25

9.4 Product Safety25

9.5 Mechanical Dimensions25

9.6 Radio Specification27

9.7 Power System28

9.8 Antenna Systems29

9.9 Transmission30

9.10 Other Connectors30

10 Appendix A: RBS 2301 Integral Antennas31

10.1 Definitions31

10.2 Radiation Patterns33

11 Acronyms and Abbreviations41

· The description includes details on both basic and optional products. The description does not necessarily correspond to any specific release or delivery time nor is it a complete technical specification.

Introduction

RBS 2301 is a high quality micro base station that enables a simpler site search process, and at the same time, allows for cost-efficient implementations of high capacity radio networks. This makes the RBS 2301 very landlord friendly and easy to place wherever you need it.

1.1 RBS 2000 Family - a World Class Solution

Through the RBS 2301, operating companies have a cost-efficient solution for increasing capacity or coverage in limited areas. The RBS 2301 is an integrated part of the RBS 2000 family. The Ericsson RBS 2000 family ranging from high power, outdoor, and via indoor high power, high capacity base stations to the smallest high capacity base station, the RBS 2301.

Figure 1. The Micro RBS Belongs to a Family of Powerful Radio Base Stations.

All RBS 2000 products from Ericsson have the same user interface and uniformly handle operation and maintenance, related to the common software of the base stations.

The different RBS 2000 and RBS 200 models can coexist in a network under the same Base Station Controller (BSC). The two RBS generations can be installed at the same site and be handled in a uniform way by the BSC.

1.2 The RBS 2301

The keys to success in providing high quality wireless service depends on outstanding service to the customer in the form of high speech quality, user-friendly services, having good customer relations, good coverage, and having high capacity. Coverage and capacity can be seen as the most important issues, since without them other desired qualities are lost. These are also the two major reasons to start utilising micro cellular networks, where radio base stations with new qualities like small size and flexible antenna solutions are vital. Operators are also facing tougher competition for the few frequencies available, and with the growth in the number of mobile subscribers comes a dramatic increase in the need for extra capacity. Data applications for professional and business users add to this capacity demand even further.

RBS 2301 is a true optimised high capacity solution. The possibility to equip the unit with two transceivers increases the capacity, as compared to any one transceiver solution, from 2.9 to 9.0 Erlangs (at 2% blocking) which is more than 3 times. A simpler way of describing it is that 3 times the traffic capacity will enable 3 times as many users, giving 3 times the income potential. Compared to other solutions on the market the small size of the cabinet, giving an impressive figure of only 16.5 litres per transceiver, will also be a major benefit.

RBS 2301 is in itself a complete BTS site, including transmission, integrated power supply, and optionally integrated antennas. The product is designed for maximum efficiency in all situations, like microcells and indoor (for example, office) applications. This together with flexible transmission solutions, output power and antenna configurations gives the most efficient high capacity solution available today.

The RBS 2301 main features are:

· Small, discreet design and is weatherproof

· Can support up to two transceivers

· Can be pole or wall-mounted

· Both outdoor and indoor use

· Includes optional multiple transmission interfaces

· Has integral or external antennas

1.3 Can Be Positioned Almost Anywhere

With a total volume (including mounting base) of less than 33 litres ( 8.8 American gallons) the RBS 2301 can be positioned easily and unobtrusively almost anywhere, cutting site costs by up to 70% in a micro cell solution.

Other contributions to low operational costs are simple procedures for operations and a high degree of pre-processing of information output to operating-company personnel. Absolutely no moving parts together with a world class design ensures low failure intensities in combination with a short active repair time. The result is a minimum of staff working hours for maintenance and thus, lower costs for the operator.

The weatherproof cabinet, with its sleek design, makes it ideal for both indoor and outdoor use in micro cell networks, for hot spot capacity, fill-in coverage, and office applications.

The RBS 2301 can be mounted on a pole, like a lamp post or in an antenna tower, or directly on the wall.

When looking for more capacity operators are often forced to find new sites to increase their existing network. This can be a tough challenge, because of increased costs for rent and higher demands for environmental considerations. Here the RBS 2301’s small size, light weight, and smart appearance can help a lot to keep the cost down and to convince estate owners that it is possible to accommodate their demands.

In the more conventional micro cell network use, the RBS 2301s will be placed above eye level, when located outdoors. The usual placement would be a couple of metres up on the wall, on a pole, or in the corners between walls, depending on the situation and the coverage wanted. The coverage can of course also be controlled by the use of different antennas and different antenna locations. On a wall along the street, or in a shopping mall the base station could be equipped with omni directional antennas, covering not only the street but also to some extent the building behind it. In an intersection, or to accomplish coverage on a square, directional antennas on the front of the unit could be used.

Figure 2. Typical Micro Cell Installation.

Some examples of micro cell usage for hot spot coverage are in shopping malls, sport arenas, cafes in parks, or in intersections, where lines of waiting cars can be expected. Other areas where typical micro cell applications would be used could be close to office buildings, giving coverage and better capacity for office applications such as mobile data. High capacity is thus guaranteed for mobile phone users who move inside smaller areas.

The Ericsson Micro RBS 2301 can also be applied in an indoor environment, the so called "pico" cell. A typical placement would be a base station located indoors, in a hidden location, serving pico cells in the building. This can be achieved either through a cable network, "multicasting", useful in office buildings, or, in large, open buildings like central railway stations or airports. In a more open environment indoor antennas are fed by coaxial cables or the radio base station could use its built-in antennas directly.

Any need for coverage in small to medium sized areas, typically for fill in coverage, will be solved by pico cell placement.

Radio and capacity planning for closed user group office applications can be difficult in office corridors, small rooms, and gathering places such as meeting rooms and lunch rooms. These problems are solved by using the multicasting pico cell functionality of the RBS 2301. Multicasting pico cells give a great trunking advantage and also provide dynamic capacity. Callers can move into any part of the building and still have the capacity they require. The strategy of using multicasting with RBS 2301 is to supply coverage so the two transceivers have an optimal throughput of traffic.

RBS 2301

Figure 3. The RBS 2301 Supporting a Multicasting Pico Cell.

Multicasting networks give very good radio performance with low interference of outdoor cells as well as well defined indoor cells, allowing differentiation of the price of calls. The multicasting solution also implies less handovers between radio base stations, which gives better quality and capacity.

2 RBS 2301 Architecture

The RBS 2301 provides a durable, well designed weatherproof enclosure for the RBS that is both pleasant to look at and that is unobtrusive. The RBS 2301 is divided into four main parts: the cabinet, the mounting base, the antenna system and the front sunshield. Cabinets can be delivered separately to allow easy transportation to the site, and quick assembly at site.

Figure 4. The Unit’s Components: Front Sunshield, Cabinet and Mounting Base.

Cabinet

The cabinet houses up to two transceivers plus common equipment needed for serving one cell. The RBS 2301 can be delivered with one or two transceivers. Convection cooling and heater functionality allows for a small and weatherproof cabinet.

RBS 2301 contains the most advanced software for operation and maintenance available on the base station market today. The product includes, for example, test functions to facilitate a distinct and rapid detection of faults. Fault situations are handled by the BSC in co-operation with RBS 2301. Either an RBS reconfiguration takes place, or only a short interruption in connection with an automatic restart is needed. In the remaining situations, traffic loss is minimised by the careful structuring of the product. All these characteristics lead to low traffic loss and thus, high revenue. The cabinet will include cable entries for antenna feeders.

Database

Each RBS has a built-in database where information about installed hardware is stored, which makes it easy to maintain an actual inventory list of all equipment installed. This installation database is integrated in the RBS.

Transceiver

The transceiver is integrated into the RBS cabinet. This is achieved by utilising radio and logic ASIC techniques, resulting in high availability, small volume, low weight, and low power consumption. This integration is a prerequisite for the reduced size in the RBS 2301.

The RBS 2301 cabinet can support up to two transceivers and can be ordered in either a one or a two transceiver version.

Power Supply

The RBS 2301 has an internal power supply. The AC/DC converter is supplied with single-phase 230 or 110 V AC, which is converted to the internally regulated DC supply. There are no connections available for DC supply to external units.

Battery back-up for at least three minutes is included. Observe that typical battery back-up time will be longer.

External Alarms

RBS 2301 provides connections for RBS external alarms. The external alarms are reported to the BSC via LAPD signalling on the A-bis O&M interface.

Up to four external alarms are supported in the RBS 2301 and may be defined by the customer. The external device sets the alarm by either an open or closed condition.

Mounting Base

The mounting base is a necessary part for installing the RBS 2301. It houses cable entries for transmission cables, and mains power. The mounting base consists of the following:

· Wall bracket

· Standard lock

· Optional pole and mast mount

· External alarm connections

· AC power connection

· Test/maintenance equipment connection

· Lightning protection and fuses

· Rear sunshield

· Transmission interface

Figure 5. Mounting Base with Connection Field, Wall Bracket and Pole Mount Equipment.

The mounting base and suitable fixture can be transported to the site and mounted before the RBS cabinet arrives, so pre-installation can be completed in advance. This makes installing of the RBS cabinet very easy and quick.

Antenna System

RBS 2301 supports these types of antenna configurations:

· Integral omni antennas

· Integral directional antennas for sector coverage

· A two feeder interface for external antennas

· A one feeder interface from a multicasting box for one or two external antenna or antenna system. The main application is multicasting in pico cells.

Figure 6. The RBS 2301 Antenna Options.

Sunshield

To be able to make the RBS 2301 less visible and become a part of the background, the front sunshield is available in six different colours.

Colours available are:

Olive green: Especially designed to be used in parks, as it blends in with foliage.

Brick red:Resembles brick walls and orange tin roofs.

Ochre:Can be described as yellow brick coloured.

Light yellow:A light colour for indoor applications and sand stone walls.

Sky blue:For indoor applications or when the base station can be seen against the sky.

Neutral grey:Suitable for use with metal constructions, indoor or where a grey tone makes the base station unobtrusive.

Note:Due to environmental specifications it is not allowed to paint the unit and the sunshield. Only the original Ericsson front sunshield shall be used, or paint approved by Ericsson must be used: otherwise, any guarantees are void.

3 BSS Features

The RBS 2301 is supported by CME 20 R6.0/CMS 40 R2, R3 software, and future releases. Below, some of the most important RBS 2301 features are explained. For more information, please read the relevant Ericsson's GSM System BSS feature descriptions.

· Frequency Hopping

Frequency hopping serves two purposes. The speech quality of a slow moving Mobile Station is improved, due to less influence of fading. The second use for frequency hopping is the reduction of noise through “smearing”, where an additional gain for cell planning can be found, enabling tighter frequency reuse. This feature then gives a capacity increase. Both synthesised and base band hopping are supported in the RBS 2301.

· Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

DTX is used together with frequency hopping to further improve the interference tolerance. Both uplink and downlink DTX is implemented in the RBS 2301.

· Dynamic Power Control (DPC)

RBS 2301 supports dynamic power regulation in both the MS and the RBS is implemented in the RBS 2301. The feature serves the purpose of limiting the interference level and decreasing the blocking in the network.

· Receiver Diversity

Polarisation or space diversity can be used with external antennas while integral antennas support space diversity. In a micro cell environment with antennas below rooftop level, space diversity performance is good, even with a small antenna separation.

· Enhanced Full Rate

Enhanced full rate increases the speech quality in the system, and is supported by the RBS 2301.

· Half rate, 14.4 and GPRS-2

The RBS 2301 deliveries until 980415 are not prepared for half rate, 14.4 and GPS-2. Hardware upgrades are necessary to include this functions for those micro base stations. All RBS 2301, which are delivered after 980415 (revision state R6E or higher), are however HW prepared for half rate.

· Multi drop

This feature allows RBS 2301s to be cascaded so they share a common PCM transmission link. The main benefit is cost efficient operation and control of the transmission network.

· E1/G.703 Long haul

E1/G.703 offers multivendor compatibility on the transmission level. Normally E1/G.703 only offers indoor short haul interface, enabling distances up to 6 dB loss. The long haul feature allows of 30 dB loss and a more cost efficient transmission network configuration. The interface can also be used outdoors, as it has built-in lightning protection.

Note that if a fault would occur, causing a base station to malfunction, the routing of the transmission is switched by a relay, connecting the next base station in the chain, thus doubling the cable distance. The long haul feature requires 120/100 Ohm selection.

· T1/DS1 Long haul

The T1/DS1 standard interface offers multivendor compatibility and is normally used for indoor short distance applications. The benefits of the option is the possibility to extend transmission links of 30 dB loss, without having to buy additional transmission equipment. Already installed four wire connections can be used and the option also allows outdoor connections, as built-in lightning protection is provided.

· Integrated Customer Service Unit (CSU)

The CSU adds Facility Data Link (FDL) services between the RBS 2301 and the transmission network. With integrated CSU the operator may connect the RBS 2301 directly to the transmission network. For example, loop back commands are supported, which can be used to test transmission networks. Benefits are that the CSU is integrated, no modem and installation work is needed for transport management.

· LAPD MultiplexingThe functionality supported by the RBS 2000 family allows for efficient transmission resource use. For example, a two TRX site would only require 4 x 64 kbit/s time slots on the BTS to BSC link, thus achieving a saving of 33 %. LAPD multiplexing could be made on 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s subslots. LAPD multiplexing is recommended for small radio base stations, up to two TRXs per cell.

Transmission

In a fast growing micro cell network with a high number of sites the cost and the availability of transmission for the BTS to BSC communication becomes a very important factor. Efficient usage of the transmission resources coupled with the flexibility to use different common transmission media is a key factor..

Long haul options, for E1 and T1, are allowing a 5 times longer distance of twisted pair cable (30 dB loss) between the RBS site and a transmission terminal. Normal E1 and T1 interface has a loss of 6 dB.

For E1 operation the synchronisation is taken from the PCM link and for T1 it can optionally be taken from a built-in timing reference oscillator.

The RBS 2301 supports cascading of up to five RBS 2301, for E1, with built-in multi drop functionality. For T1, LAPD concentration/multiplexing must be used in order to facilitate the sufficient number of slots. The multi drop functionality can be activated during the RBS 2301 installation.

The Customer Service Unit (CSU) is integrated in the RBS 2301 and only valid for T1. The CSU supervise the network and makes it possible to set up loopbacks to test the transmission.

A very cost efficient and flexible transmission network can be built by using hubs in the transmission network, with short transmission legs using a suitable media between the hub and the micro cell sites (and perhaps another type of media with the transmission towards the BSC). The hub can be located at a macro RBS site or by itself. The Ericsson Digital Cross Connect, which is able to act as a multiplexing node for a number of micro cells, with suitable transport modules is well suited to act as that hub. The Digital Cross Connect will allow for ISDN and HDSL towards the BSC and for powerful transport network supervision and management.

Operation and Maintenance

3.1 Remote Operation

The RBS 2301 is remotely controlled in order to minimise the need for on-site visits. Downloading of a new software release (and even implementing a new speech codec, like Enhanced Full Rate) can be done from the BSC or the Operation and Support System.

When upgrading the RBS, the software can be downloaded from the BSC via LAPD signalling. The software is stored in a non-volatile program store in the RBS, which will speed up recovery from a power failure by eliminating the need to reload the software from the BSC.

The software downloading from the BSC is executed as a background process and does not interrupt on-going traffic. This will keep the cell down time limited to a minimum (about two minutes). Downloaded software is resident in RBS 2301 even in the event of a total loss of power in order to minimise time for recovery. As a result, loss of traffic and revenue is kept as low as possible.

3.2 Operation and Maintenance Concept

The Operations and Maintenance concept for the RBS 2301 is the same as for the whole 2000 family.

Examples for O&M handling in the RBS:

· The RBS has a database about installed hardware and installation-dependent parameters like article code, revision number, and a manufacturing code.

· The RBS can supervise its own hardware and software, and when faults occur, the fault will be immediately reported to the BSC (or if an OSS is connected, to the OSS via the BSC).

· Interworking with all the BSC operation and maintenance features, such as recording functions and fault reporting.

3.3 Operation

The BSC controls and supervises the RBS 2301. RBS equipment handling, including configuration, maintenance, and administration, is BSC-controlled. RBS software administration and loading are also governed by the BSC. Hence, the BSC can completely view the status of the radio network and its resources.

The BSC manages the O&M of the RBS via the A-bis O&M interface. The RBS equipment is seen as Managed Objects (MOs) by the BSC. This is a means of describing the RBS in a functionally oriented way. All O&M actions are based on the logical model structure created in the BSC.

A Managed Object can comprise both hardware and software, and is not necessarily a physical unit. The Managed Objects are common for all members of the RBS 2000 family.

3.4 Maintenance

Man Machine Interface

A user friendly Man Machine Interface, based on local indicators and controls, is available for the RBS 2301. The RBS 2301 indicates whether it is operating or not. A faulty RBS 2301 can be recognised immediately by means of an alarm indicator on the RBS itself. Whether battery or mains power is in use or not is also indicated. An indicator test function is included in the RBS 2301. The RBS 2301 includes the following LEDs indicating various RBS 2301 operating status:

Figure 7. Man Machine Interface in Installation Box.

· Fault (red)

One or more faults, equals RBS fault.

· Operational (green)

At least one TRX operational.

· Local mode (yellow)

RBS in local mode.

· Reduced capacity (yellow)

One of two TRXs operational

· Test result TRX1 (yellow)

TRX one test operation.

· Test result TRX2 (yellow)

TRX two test operation.

· AC Power on (yellow)

AC power is switched on.

· Battery fault (yellow)

Low battery voltage or battery not connected.

· External alarm (yellow)

One or more external alarms active.

Manual switches on the RBS 2301 are Local/Remote, CPU reset, and Test. Switches for mains power and batteries are also located in the installation box.

Operation Maintenance Terminal (OMT)

The Operation and Maintenance Terminal (OMT) is a tool that provides efficient aid for installation, diagnostics, and maintenance for the RBS 2301. For normal maintenance tasks, the OMT is not needed. The same OMT software and a similar user interface are used for all members of the RBS 2000 family.

Some features of the personal computer-based OMT tool are:

· An easy-to-use graphical interface

· Object oriented operations

· Possibility to store monitor values

· On-line help

· Support of specific tasks

Figure 8. OMT Terminal Connected to the RBS.

The OMT uses a menu driven approach that reflects the actual configuration of the RBS in terms of a graphical interface. By selecting with the mouse, the user will be provided with detailed information about that particular entity. By using the menu the operator can choose between different functions. For example, detailed fault information or change parameters can be accessed. This information is stored in a non-volatile memory in the RBS. A link to the BSC is not necessary.

Installation Database

Each RBS has a built-in installation database where information about installed hardware is stored, which makes it easy to maintain an actual inventory list of all hardware installed. The database can be accessed by the OMT. It can also be used by other functions within the RBS and the BSC via the A-bis interface.

The purpose of the database is to provide aid for:

· General operation and maintenance support and a base for the OMT.

· Fault diagnosis

· Fault localisation

· Traceability, when faults occur.

· Easier SW handling

Database Contents

The information stored in the database is either configuration or history related.

The database contains:

· Identity, comprising:

- Product number

- Revision

- Serial number

· Type information, comprising:

- Type

- Subtype

- Specimen

- Dependency relations

· Specific parameters

Test and Supervision in the RBS

RBS 2301 contains extensive software support for automatic test and supervision of the system.

Fault Handling

In the system, two different malfunctions are distinguished:

1. Disturbance: A disturbance is detected when the supervision functionality observes abnormal operation.

2. Fault: A fault is detected when the supervision functionality detects a malfunction.

This is the result of filtering the disturbances. Each disturbance has specific filter characteristics. All fault state changes are reported to BSC and OSS.

As an example of this, the temperature of the transmitter is measured in periods.

For each measurement outside the accepted range, a disturbance is generated. To decide if a fault is present, the filtering function requires that at least five disturbances are generated within five seconds.

Fault Detection

Fault-detection functions are related to detecting malfunctions in the Ericsson's GSM System. RBS 2301 will report faults and disturbances to the BSC. The list below includes the most important RBS supervision functions:

- Transmitter and receiver supervision

- Supervision of BSC communication

- Temperature

- Output power

- Antenna system (diversity supervision)

- Timing information

- Frequency source

- Synchronisation reference

- External and internal power supervision

- Operating System (OS) fault

- Checksum in program memory

Fault Localisation

When detecting a fault, the RBS automatically evaluates the fault situation and indicates suspected faulty unit. This information is reported to the BSC in the fault report, and will also be used for RBS maintenance.

Fault Isolation

Fault isolation occurs when the faulty Managed Object is taken out of operation.

This action minimises the effect of the fault on other Managed Objects. The RBS may then automatically be reconfigured by the BSC, which is the result of a fault in RBS equipment which causes loss of common control channels (the Broadcast Control Channel [BCCH] or the Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel [SDCCH]).

The BSC then reconfigures the remaining equipment to recover these channels at the cost of other channels. Fault isolation is normally controlled from the BSC, or, in case of a severe fault, the fault isolation is performed autonomously within the RBS.

Installation and Commissioning

The RBS 2301 is assembled according to customer requirements and tested at the factory or a workshop before installation on site. Assembly includes for example programme loading in all units, parameter setting, and subsequent testing. This ensures maximum efficiency at installation, as well as the highest possible quality of the delivered products.

3.5 Site Preparation

The RBS 2301 site shall be prepared with the mounting base with mains power and transmission before the RBS installation takes place. Any external antennas should also be prepared at this stage.

Figure 9. Recommended Minimum Distances to Hindering Objects at Base Station Location.

3.6 Installing the RBS 2301

Easy and straightforward installation of the RBS includes the following steps:

· Define all applicable radio network and equipment parameters in the BSC or in the OSS.

· Set the cabinet in place on the prepared mounting base. Depending on location and regulations, the Ericsson lifting tool should be used. Note that the maximum lifting height for the tool is five metres . (see Figure 10).

· Connect external cables comprising antenna feeders (if using external antennas) transmission lines, mains power.

· Switch on mains power

· Check the local indicators to see that each unit has started and that the self test has been successfully performed.

· The RBS can be in LOCAL (that is, stand-alone) or REMOTE (that is, connected) mode. Switch the RBS into REMOTE mode by pushing the REMOTE button, and check via the local indicators that communication between the BSC and BTS has been established.

The RBS is then automatically brought into service.

Figure 10. Installing the Cabinet.

Test calls can be performed by using a test mobile station to the RBS to check the RBS's functioning ability. Installation is then finished.

Thanks to Ericsson's O&M design strategy, the RBS 2301 is easy to handle, thus facilitating rapid roll out. With proper site preparation, the installation and commissioning phase should normally take approximately 30 minutes.

Note: when installing the RBS 2301 at an accessible location and under good conditions, the installation time can go as fast as 15 minutes. Installation time depends very much on where the RBS 2301 is placed.

Replacement

In the design of the RBS 2301 much effort has been put in to achieve a high MTBF for the unit, as to save cost for the operator in reduced number of service trips to the RBS 2301 sites. If a problem would occur the design also allows for easy and fast replacement, as the whole unit is the service part. The easy and fast replacement gives the advantage of a very short down time, should a unit have to be replaced. The complete switch out of faulty units enables fast and easy transportation of the broken unit to the service workshop as well as for the replacement unit to the site or customer location. At the site, when having done a replacement, no complicated commissioning has to take place, saving valuable downtime, thanks to the comprehensive built-in self test feature.

3.7 Replacement Procedure

Replacing a cabinet includes the following steps:

1 Unlock the unit and remove sunshield.

2 Loosen brackets etc.

3 Set the RBS into LOCAL mode.

4 Switch off the RBS.

5 Disconnect power, antenna and transmission links.

6 Remove the cabinet.

7 Mount the replacement cabinet.

8 Connect cables and turn power on. When switched on, a self-test is executed.

9 Check via the local indicators if the self test has been performed successfully.

10 Switch the RBS back to REMOTE mode. Check via the local indicators to see whether communication with the BSC has been established.

11 Finally check that everything is fastened, that cables are neatly tied down, that the antenna system is in good condition and that the unit is locked, when leaving the site.

The whole operation from unlocking the unit, loosening brackets etc., until the site can be left is typically in the range of 20 minutes, depending on the placement of the unit.

To prevent any further damage to the unit it is important that the service personnel handles the faulty unit as if it was a functional one.

· Prepare a Repair Delivery Note, which should include information about the type of fault.

· Pack the faulty unit in a container, approved for the purpose.

· Send the faulty unit to the agreed destination alternatively place an order for pick-up or replacement.

Dependability and Quality of Service

The RBS 2301 is designed with stringent requirements on reliability, maintainability performance, and quality of service. The requirements apply to software, hardware, documentation, and to the Man Machine Interfaces. Quality of service during operation is ensured by the automatic control facilities built-into RBS 2301.

3.8 Availability and Reliability Performance

The total availability of the RBS 2301 is dependent upon the structure of the network, and the number of Mobile Switching Centres (MSCs), BSCs, RBSs, and other network nodes in the system. Also overlapping cell structure, with both macro and micro cells, ensures high system availability and reliability performance.

Any data given for availability and reliability are only valid if preventive maintenance is carried out according to specification. The preventive maintenance comprises check up of the battery back-up system, used lightning protection and, if internal synchronisation is used for the T1 connection, calibration of the oscillator.

3.9 Maintainability Performance

All traffic connections are automatically supervised in the system, including all relevant parts of RBS 2301. This is combined with checking that the serviceability remains within pre-set limits. Supervision is carried out on live traffic.

In case of transceiver failures, the automatic reconfiguration controlled by the BSC ensures optimal traffic handling capability to the largest possible extent. Reconfiguration may also be initiated manually from the BSC or from the Operation and Support System.

The advanced built-in diagnostic functions and repair aids give a short time to fault detection, and a clear indication of the fault. When the failed unit has been replaced by a new one, it is tested by means of the test functions built into the product. This makes sure that the fault has been remedied. The simple handling considerably reduces the active repair time and thus the down time.

Technical Specification

3.10 Environmental Requirements

The requirements for climatic/mechanical environment are based on ETSI standard ETS 300 019 Classification of Environmental Conditions and IEC 721.

Climate Protection

The climate protection maintains the internal temperature within the specified range by:

· Natural convection cooling

· Conduction heating

The heating capacity is 30 minutes to safe start-up temperatures from -33 °C and 15 minutes from -15 °C. Specifications are fulfilled provided that there is no wind and no accumulated ice or snow on the RBS.

In-use Requirements

The RBS 2301 versions comply with ETS class 4.1 (extended to 45º C). Non Weather Protected Locations in ETS 300 019-1-4. (-33°C to +45º C) and IEC 721-3-4.

Note: The stated temperature range assumes wind in cold conditions and sun exposure in hot climates. If the RBS placed in a location with low wind speeds (<1 m/s), it would normally operate down to about -40 °C. Likewise, when placed in the shade, the unit will withstand temperatures up to about +50°C without breaking down.

Ingression

The RBS fulfils the IP-55 requirement according to IEC 529.

Storage Requirements

RBS 2301 complies with ETS class 1.2 Weather Protected, Not Temperature Controlled Storage Locations in ETS 300 019-1-1 and IEC 721-3-1. (-25 to +55 °C)

Transportation Requirements

RBS 2301 complies with ETS class 2.3 Public Transportation in ETS 300 019-1-2 and IEC 721-3-2. (-40 to +70 °C)

3.11 Acoustic Noise

No acoustic noise is generated since no active cooling components are used.

3.12 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

The RBS 2301 fulfils the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements according to:

· ETS 300 342-2, the BTS product standard, in line with the European EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.

· EN 55022 Class B

· GSM:11.20

The RBS 2301 is CE marked in order to show this compliance.

3.13 Product Safety

In accordance with the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) the RBS 2301 complies with the following requirements regarding product safety:

· EN 60 950 (IEC 950)

· EN 60 215 (IEC 215)

· UL 1950

· CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 950

The RBS 2301 is CE marked and UL listed in order to show this compliance.

3.14 Mechanical Dimensions

Dimension (H x W x D) :

With external antennas: 535 x 408 x 160 mm (21 x 16.1 x 6.3 inch) With multicasting box: 535 x 408 x 160 mm (21 x 16.1 x 6.3 inch) With integral omni antenna: 607 x 408 x 160 mm (23.9 x 16.1 x 6.3 inch) With integral sector antennas: 535 x 408 x 210 mm (21 x 16.1 x 8.3 inch)

Volume less than 33 litres (8.8 American gallons). Observe that integral antennas or multicasting box are not included in the size.

Figure 11. Physical Dimensions of Radio Base Station with external antennas.

Weight

Total weight:

-Less than 28 kg (62 Pounds), without external antennas. -Less than 30 kg (66 Pounds), with integral antennas.

Cabinet:

18 kg with batteries (40 Pounds)

Mounting base: 6.5 kg with sun shield (15 Pounds)

Wall bracket:

3 kg ( 7 Pounds)

Observe that integral antennas or multicasting box are not included in the weight.

Colour

The cabinet is delivered in a standard grey colour. The front sunshield will be delivered in different optional colours to make the RBS 2301 blend in better with any particular background.

The front sunshield colours are:

· Olive green:3010-G80Y

· Brick red:

2030-Y40R

· Ochre:

2040-Y20R

· Light yellow:1010-Y20R

· Sky blue:

2020-R70B

· Neutral grey:2502-R

Vandal Resistance

During operation the complete unit is locked and cannot be opened or removed without excessive force, thus breaking the unit.

3.15 Radio Specification

The operating specifications of the radio equipment meets and will in most cases exceed the performance requirements specified in the GSM Technical Specifications and GSM 1900 Air Interface Specification.

System Data

Table 1. Frequency Range (Receiver and Transmitter) in the RBS 2301.

Frequency Band

Receiver

Transmitter

GSM 900

890 to 915 MHz

935 to 960 MHz

GSM 1800

1710 to 1785 MHz

1805 - 1880 MHz

GSM 1900

1850 - 1910 MHz

1930 - 1990 MHz

Carrier bandwidth:200 kHz

Channels per carrier:8 full rate channels

Modulation method:GMSK

Min. channel spacing:400 kHz

Transmitter

Table 2. RBS 2301 Transmitter Output Power, Measured at the Antenna Reference Point.

Frequency Band

Minimum

Cell planning value

Maximum

GSM 900

1.6 W (32 dBm)

2.0 W (33 dBm)

4.0 W (36 dBm)

GSM 1800

1.6 W (32 dBm)

2.0 W (33 dBm)

4.0 W (36 dBm)

GSM 1900

1.6 W (32 dBm)

2.0 W (33 dBm)

4.0 W (36 dBm)

The RBS output power is dynamically controlled. The control range is 30 dB in 2 dB steps including the configuration steps from maximum output power level.

Receiver

Table 3. Reference Sensitivity Level at the Antenna Reference Point.

Frequency Band

Minimum

Cell planning value

GSM 900

<-105 dBm

-107 dBm

GSM 1800

<-104 dBm

-106 dBm

GSM 1900

<-104 dBm

-106 dBm

Note: diversity gives an additional gain of about 3 dB.

Encryption

Both A5/1 or A5/2 available.

3.16 Power System

Power Requirements

Single phase 200 - 250 V AC +/- 10 %, 50 Hz +/- 10 %

Single phase 220/110 - 240/120 V AC +/- 10 %, 60 Hz +/- 8 %

Power Consumption

Nominal: 150 VA . At 230 Volts, two TRXs transmitting

Maximum: 500 VA. During cold start-up conditions

Power Connection

Screw terminal, four connections. Maximum 2.5 mm2 cable per connection.

Battery Back-up

The built-in battery back-up is designed to last for three minutes under high load conditions. Observe that typical battery back-up time will be longer.

The RBS will maintain full performance during the specified time provided that the back-up batteries are fully charged before the loss of the mains supply. The battery will be recharged to at least 80 % capacity within 15 hours.

For longer back-up time, an external uninterrupted power supply could be used.

3.17 Antenna Systems

For detailed technical specifications regarding the Integral Antennas see Appendix A, RBS 2301 Integral Antennas Description.

The RBS 2301 may be used with external antenna systems, optional integral antennas, or an optional multicasting box to optimise radio network planning and deployment. Five antenna system configurations will be available. The cabinet will have a two external feeder interface.

· Integral omni antennas supporting micro cell space diversity (TX/RX, TX/RX). The antennas are low profile antennas, placed on the lower side of the RBS cabinet and are covered by a radome.

· Integral directional antennas for sector coverage, supporting micro cell space diversity (TX/RX, TX/RX). The antennas are integrated into the front cover of the RBS cabinet and covered by a radome.

· A two feeder interface for external antennas, space, or polarisation diversity compatible (TX/RX and TX/RX antennas).

· A single feeder interface for an external antenna/antenna system, mainly for use within buildings. The multicasting box is required. As the unit contains a hybrid, there is an additional power loss for both RX and TX branch: Less than 4.0 dB for 900 Mhz and less than 4.5 dB for 1800/1900 MHz. The multicasting option may under certain conditions allow the connection of two antennas/antenna systems for extension of the cell; for example, to different floors in a building or into a tunnel. The conditions are that there is no possible overlapping coverage from the two antenna systems that would cause phase errors.

The base station is not to be mounted in such a way that conducting and reflecting materials are closer than one wave length, so as not to deteriorate specified radio performance. The coverage pattern will be influenced by any metal, or other conducting, object within this distance from the antennas. Therefore, for instance when mounting a unit with built-in omni antennas on poles and masts, care must be taken to avoid a too close mounting.

Connectors on the RBS

TNC, Female

3.18 Transmission

The RBS supports multi drop functionality. Each RBS can be configured for stand alone or linear cascade mode. The configuration is performed by means of the OMT.

In stand alone mode PCM port A must be connected towards the BSC (port B be is unused.) For cascading purposes, port A is connected to the previous RBS, and port B, to the next.

LAPD concentration and LAPD multiplexing facilities could be used to make the transmission resource more efficient.

Interfaces

T1 1.5 Mbit/s, 100 Ohm

E1 2 Mbit/s, 75 Ohm

E1 2 Mbit/s, 120 Ohm

Connections

TNC adapters, Female, Receptacle for coaxial connection (75 Ohm).

TWINAX (TNO), Receptacle for four wire connection (100/120 Ohm).

Coaxial connection (75 Ohm) is only available for E1 operation and does not support long haul. The distance allowed between units is determined by the cable loss, according to the 6 dB receiver sensitivity specified in G.703.

3.19 Other Connectors

Nine pin D-sub, Female, for the OMT terminal.

Screw terminal for external alarms, 8 terminals, each supporting maximum 1.5 mm2 cable.

SMB, Male, for 13 MHz reference test.

Appendix A: RBS 2301 Integral Antennas

This appendix shows antenna radiation patterns for omni and sector antennas for 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz integrated in RBS 2301, based on measured data. Characteristic values are also described.

3.20 Definitions

Gain

The radiation patterns are normalised to 0 dB, referring to the maximum gain.

Averaging

Sector Antenna

The patterns in the vertical and horizontal planes are averaged over frequency.

Omni Antenna

The patterns show the median values over 60( Hhorizontal angle, averaged over the frequency band and elevation angles within (10( from the horizontal plane.

Co-ordinate Planes

Sector Antenna

The radiation patterns are given in horizontal and in vertical planes.

For a definition of antenna 1 and antenna 2, see Figure 12.

Figure 12. Definition of Antenna 1 and Antenna 2.

The positive and negative angles in the horizontal and vertical plane are defined in Figure 13. 0( denominates the normal to the antenna plane.

Figure 13. Definition of angels for sector antenna.

Omni Antenna

Definition of antenna A, antenna B and Azimuth angle 0°, see Figure 14.

Figure 14. Definition of Antennas and Zero Direction.

3.21 Radiation Patterns

3.21.1 900 MHz

Sector Antenna 900 MHz

Here is shown the typical radiation pattern of the 900 MHz sector antenna. The radiation patterns are normalised to 0 dB in the direction of maximum radiation.

Radiation Pattern

Mean value

Horizontal plane

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-150

-120

-90

-60

-30

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

Ant 1

Ant2

Figure 15. Radiation Patterns in the Horizontal Plane for Sector Antennas at 900 MHz.

Mean value

Vertical plane

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-150

-120

-90

-60

-30

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

Ant 1

Ant 2

Figure 16. Radiation Patterns in the Vertical Plane for Sector Antennas at 900 MHz.

Characteristics

Frequency range

880 - 960 MHz

Gain, typical

6 dBi ( 1dB

Horizontal beamwidth (-3 dB), typical

80o

Horizontal beamwidth (-10 dB), typical

150o

Squint difference, max. (TX band)

2 dB

Vertical beamwidth (-3 dB), typical

70o

Polarisation

vertical

VSWR, max.

2.2:1

Antenna data are valid for the antennas mounted to the RBS cabinet and covered by a radome.

Omni Antenna 900 MHz

Here is shown the typical radiation pattern of the 900 MHz omni directional antenna. The radiation patterns are normalised to 0 dB in the direction of maximum radiation.

Radiation Pattern

Normalised radiation patterns are given in Figure 17.

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

0

-5

-10

-15

Antenna A

Antenna B

[dB]

Figure 17. Radiation Pattern in the Horisontal Plane for Omni Antennas at 900 MHz. Gain is Normalised to 0 dB; that is, . 0 dB Corresponds to: -1 dBi + 2 dB = 1 dBi.

Characteristics

Frequency range

880 - 960 MHz

Gain, typical

-1 dBi + 2 dB1 2

Polarisation

vertical

VSWR, max.

1.8:1

The interval for typical gain represents variations over 360o in azimuth due to interaction between antenna and cabinet.

3.21.2 1800 MHz


No information at present time.



Radiation Pattern

Normalised radiation patterns are given in Figure 18

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

0

-5

-10

-15

Antenna A

Antenna B

Figure 18. Radiation Pattern in the Horisontal Plane for Omni Antennas at 1800 MHz.

Characteristics

No information at present time.

3.21.3 1900 MHz


Here is shown the typical pattern diagram of the 1900 MHz sector antenna. The radiation patterns are normalised to 0 dB in the direction of maximum radiation.

Radiation Pattern

Average value

Horizontal plane

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-180

-150

-120

-90

-60

-30

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

Antenn 1

Antenn 2

Figure 19. Radiation pattern in the Horisontal Plane for Sector Antennas at 1900 MHz.

Average value

Vertical plane

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-180

-150

-120

-90

-60

-30

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

Antenn 1

Antenn2

Figure 20. Radiation Pattern in the Vertical Plane for Sector Antennas at 1900 MHz.

Characteristics

Frequency range

1850 -1990 MHz

Gain, typical

9 dBi + 0.5 dB

Horisontal beamwidth (-3 dB), typical

60o

Horisontal beamwidth (-10 dB), typical

120o

Squint difference1, max. (TX band)

2 dB

Vertical beamwidth (-3 dB), typical

40o

Polarisation

vertical

VSWR, max.

1.8:1



Radiation Pattern

Normalised radiation patterns are given in Figure 21.

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

0

-5

-10

-15

Antenna A

Antenna B

Figure 21. Radiation Pattern in the Horisontal Plane for Omni Antennas at 1900 MHz.

Characteristics

Frequency range

1850 - 1990 MHz

Gain, typical

1 dBi +2/-4 dB1 2

Polarisation

vertical

VSWR, max.

1.8:1

The interval for typical gain represents variations over 360o in azimuth due to interaction between antenna and cabinet.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACAlternating Current

ASICApplication Specific Integrated Circuit

BCCHBroadcast Control Channel

BSCBase Station Controller

BSSBase Station System

BTSBase Transceiver Subsystem

CPUCentral Processor Unit

CSUChannel Service Unit

C/ICarrier over Interference

dBDecibel

dBiDecibel referred to an isotropic radiator

dBmDecibel per 1 milliwatt

DCDirect Current

DTXDiscontinuous Transmission

EMCElectromagnetic Compatibility

ETSEuropean Telecommunication Standard

GMSKGaussian Minimum Shift Keying

GSMGlobal System for Mobile Communications

H/WHardware

kbit/skilobits per second

LAPDLink Access Protocol on D-channel

LVDLow Voltage Directive

MADTMean Accumulated Down Time

Mbit/sMegabits per second

MMIMan Machine Interface

MOManaged Object

MRTMean Repair Time

MSMobile Station

MSCMobile Switching Centre

MTBFMean Time Between Failures

NMCNetwork Management Centre

O&MOperation and Maintenance

OMTOperation and Maintenance Terminal

OSOperating System

OSSOperation Support System

PCMPulse Code Modulation

RBSRadio Base Station

RFRadio Frequency

RUReplaceable Unit

RXReceiver

SDCCHStand Alone Dedicated Control Channel

STCSignalling Terminal Central

TRXTransceiver

TXTransmitter

UPSUninterruptable Power Supply

VAVolt amperes

V ACVolts, Alternating Current

V DCVolts, Direct Current

� As the two antennas have a horisontal displacement, they will have a horisontal squint. The squint difference is defined as the difference in gain between the two antennas for any direction within + 80o from broadside.

1 Gain is expressed as a median value over a 60( azimuth sector, being representative for the wave

propagation in a street level microcell.

2 Excluding the directions where the antenna is disguised by the cabinet.

1 As the two antennas have a horisontal displacement, they will have a horizontal squint. The squint difference is defined as the difference in gain between the two antennas for any direction inside + 80o from broadside.

1 Gain is expressed as a median value over a 60( azimuth sector, being representative for the wave

propagation in a street level microcell.

2 Excluding the directions where the antenna is disguised by the cabinet.

LRU/X 97:016

Rev C

1998-06-10

© Ericsson. Commercial in confidence


Rev C

1998-06-10

LRU/X 97:016

LRU/X 97:016

Rev C

1998-06-10


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Horisontal plane

Vertical plane

0(

-X( (left)

+X( (right)

0(

+X(

-X(

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Antenna 1

Antenna 2

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Antenna A

Antenna B

90(

180(

0(

270(

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