References
-139-
References
Abd- El-Gawad A M Derhalli F and Nassar AM (1987) A morphological
study on lice attacking the donkey (Equus asinus) in Egypt J Egypt Vet Med
Ass 47(1-2)321-332
Abdoon A M O El-Wasseilla M and Osman O M (1992a) Epidemiological
studies on equine piroplasmosis in Sudan bull Bulletin of Animal Health
Production in Africa 40 (3)143-156
Abdoon A M O Osman O M and El-Wasila M (1992b) The epidemiology of
equine piroplasmosis in Khartoum district Sudan 1 Tick prevalence and their
parasite rate Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 40(1) 11-14
Abo-Shehada M N (1988) Prevalence of hydatidosis in donkeys from Central
Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 31(2) 125-130
Acaino H Gorman M V Cornejo S Molinari R and Pinto A (1980)
Epizootiological study of attacks by stomach parasites in equines in the central-
southern zone of Chile Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria 12(1) 10-29
Agneessens J Debever P Engelen S and Vercruysse J (1998a) The
prevalence of Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses in Belgium and evaluation of a
diagnostic sedimentationflotation technique Vlaams Diergeneeskundig
Tijdschrift 67(1) 27-31
Agneessens J Engelen S Debever P and Vercruysse
J (1998b) Gasterophilus intestinalis infections in horses in Belgium Veterinary
Parasitolog 77(2-3) 199-204
Ahmed ZG (1981) Studies on the different species of Babesia infecting equines by
Fluorescent antibody technique M D V Theses Vet Cairo University
Ahmed ZG (1984) Serological studies on some helminths infecting equines in
Egypt Ph D V Thesis vet Cairo University
Ahmed A and George B D J (2002) Incidence of hard ticks (Ixodidae) on horses
around Zaria Nigeria Nigerian Veterinary Journal 23(1) 70-74
References
-140-
Ahmed M I Brisibe F and Ogbogu V C (1996) Age and sex distribution of
equine helminthic infections in arid north-eastern Nigeria Indian Veterinary
Journal 73(1) 16-20
Akkan HA Karaca M Tutuncu M Deger S Keles I and Agaoglu Z
(2003) Serologic and microscopic studies on babesiosis in horses in the eastern
border of Turkey Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 23(5) 181-183
Al-Alousi T I Arslan S H and Zangana I K (1994) Study of some parasitic
infections in horses in Mosul region Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences
7(2) 85-91
Alani A J Fatoohy F A M Saleem A N (1992) Gastrointestinal parasites and
their clinical effects on mules in Mosul Iraq Iraq J Vet Sci 5(1)19-30
Alcaino H Gorman T and Phillips J (1983a) Fasciola hepatica infection in
thoroughbred race horses in stud farms and hippodromes Parasitologia al Dia
7(2) 37-40
Alcaino H A Gorman T R Guevara G and Fernandez M V (1983b)
Fascioliasis and parasites of the large intestine of horses in the Central South
region of Chile Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria 15(1) 27-35
Al-Khafaji N J and Al-Saad K M (1996) Common gastrointestinal parasites in
draught horses in Mosul Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 9(1) 57-60
Altas M G Gokcen A and Sevgili M (2007) Prevalence of helminth species in
Arabian horses Indian Veterinary Journal 84(10) 1093-1094
Alves R M R Rensbuurg L J van and WKA J A Van (1988) Fasciola in
horses in the Republic of South Africa a single natural case of Fasciola hepatica
and the failure to infest ten horses either with F Hepatica or F gigantica
Onderstepoor J Vet Research 55(3) 157-163
References
-141-
Ambrosi M (1981) Prevalence of helminths in equines in the Marche region Nuovo
Progresso Veterinario 36(7) 341-342
Andersen S and Fogh J (1981) Prevalence of lungworm Dictyocaulus arnfieldi
in donkeys in Denmark Nordisk Veterinaer Medicin 33(911) 484-491
Anjos D H da S Rodrigues M de L de A Souto Maior M P and Castro
A A de (1997) Prevalence mean intensity and relative density of
Cyathostominae (Strongylidae) of the dorsal colon of equines Parasitologia al
Dia 21(34) 133-135
Antiporda L R D and Eduardo S L (1990) Prevalence and relative abundance
of helminth parasites in Philippine horses Philippine Journal of Veterinary
Medicine 27(2) 21-23
Applewhaite L M and Ruiz A (1983) Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus in horses in
Guyana British Veterinary Journal 139(3) 265-266
Araacutenzazu Meana Moacutenica Luzon Juan Corchero and Mercedes Goacutemez-Bautista
(1998) Reliability of coprological diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata
infection Veterinary Parasitology 74(1) 79-83
Arru E Mantovani A and Vicari G (1984) Echinococcosis - hydatidosis and
taeniasis - cysticercosis in Italy Agriculture some important parasitic infections
in bovines considered from economic and social zoonosis points of view
Parasitological symposium Lyons 215-233
Arslan M O and Umur S (1998) The helminth and Eimeria (Protozoa) species in
horses and donkeys in Kars Province of Turkey Acta Parasitologica Turcica
22(2) 180-184
Avarzed A Waal D T de Igarashi I Saito A Oyamada T Toyoda Y
and Suzuki N (1997) Prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Central Mongolia
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 64(2) 141-145
References
-142-
Aydenizoz M (2004) The prevalence of helminths in horses in Kirikkale Turkey
Indian Veterinary Journal 81(3) 255-258
Ayele G Feseha G Bojia E and Joe A (2006) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal
parasites of donkeys in Dugda Bora District Ethiopia Addis Ababa University
Faculty of veterinary medicine Livestock Research for Rural Development 18
(10) 136
Bakos E (1981) Prevalence of equine babesiosis (Babesia equi infection) in Chaco
province Argentina as revealed by the immunodiffusion test applied to serum
samples Gaceta veterinaria 43(364) 773-774
Balkaya I and Erdogmus S Z (2006a) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
(Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall 1910) in horses by serological methods in
Elazig and Malatya Province Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Frat Universitesi 20(1) 61-63
Balkaya I Erdogmus S Z (2006b) Prevalence of Babesia equi and Babesia
caballi in horses by serological methods in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black
Sea regions of Turkey Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 5(2) 168-
171
Baraka AA (1983) Some morpho-biological studies on Gastrophilus species
infecting donkeys in Egypt MD Thesis Vet Cairo Univ
Barbosa I P Bose R Peymann B and Friedhoff K T (1995)
Epidemiological aspects of equine babesioses in a herd of horses in Brazil
Veterinary Parasitology 58(12) 1-8
Baroni E and Sievers G (1997) Equine cestodosis and its control possibilities
Parasitologia al Dia 21(12) 40-47
Battelli g Galuppi R Pietrobelli M and Tampieri MP (1995) Eimeria
Leuckarti from Equus caballus in Italy Parassitologigia (Roma) 37 (23) 215-
217
References
-143-
Bauer C (1986) Stomach parasites of horses in northern Germany Deutsche
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 93(9) 386 388-389
Bauer C (1988) Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) and intensity of
faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season
Veterinary Parasitology 30(1) 11-15
Bauer C and Stoye M (1984) Results of parasitological examination of faeces
from horses dogs cats and hedgehogs Deutsche tierarztiche wochenschrift 91
(78) 255-258
Beelitz P and Gothe R (2001) Tapeworm infections in slaughter horses from
Upper Bavaria prevalence and worm burden as well as correlation between
coprological diagnosis and infection with adult cestodes Pferdeheilkunde 17(5)
423-428
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1994) Eimeria leuckarti infections in foals and
their mares in upper Bavaria Tieraztlice Praxis 22 (4) 377-381
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1995) On the incidence of Strongyloides
westeri on breeding farms with and without anthelmintic prophylaxis in Upper
Bavaria Pferdeheilkunde 11(3) 207-211
Belem A M G Salembere M S and Ouedraogo Ouoba V (2005) Notes on
blood and gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) from the area of
Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Revue Africaine de Sante et de Productions
Animales 3(2) 115-117
Belli P and Gevrey J (1981) Erratic localizations of Gastrophilus in the horse
Rev Med Vet 132(4)265-268
Benton RR and Lyons ET (1994) Survey in Central Kentucky for prevalence of
Anoplocephala porfoliata in horses at necropsy in 1992 vet Parasit 55 (12)
81-86
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-140-
Ahmed M I Brisibe F and Ogbogu V C (1996) Age and sex distribution of
equine helminthic infections in arid north-eastern Nigeria Indian Veterinary
Journal 73(1) 16-20
Akkan HA Karaca M Tutuncu M Deger S Keles I and Agaoglu Z
(2003) Serologic and microscopic studies on babesiosis in horses in the eastern
border of Turkey Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 23(5) 181-183
Al-Alousi T I Arslan S H and Zangana I K (1994) Study of some parasitic
infections in horses in Mosul region Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences
7(2) 85-91
Alani A J Fatoohy F A M Saleem A N (1992) Gastrointestinal parasites and
their clinical effects on mules in Mosul Iraq Iraq J Vet Sci 5(1)19-30
Alcaino H Gorman T and Phillips J (1983a) Fasciola hepatica infection in
thoroughbred race horses in stud farms and hippodromes Parasitologia al Dia
7(2) 37-40
Alcaino H A Gorman T R Guevara G and Fernandez M V (1983b)
Fascioliasis and parasites of the large intestine of horses in the Central South
region of Chile Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria 15(1) 27-35
Al-Khafaji N J and Al-Saad K M (1996) Common gastrointestinal parasites in
draught horses in Mosul Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 9(1) 57-60
Altas M G Gokcen A and Sevgili M (2007) Prevalence of helminth species in
Arabian horses Indian Veterinary Journal 84(10) 1093-1094
Alves R M R Rensbuurg L J van and WKA J A Van (1988) Fasciola in
horses in the Republic of South Africa a single natural case of Fasciola hepatica
and the failure to infest ten horses either with F Hepatica or F gigantica
Onderstepoor J Vet Research 55(3) 157-163
References
-141-
Ambrosi M (1981) Prevalence of helminths in equines in the Marche region Nuovo
Progresso Veterinario 36(7) 341-342
Andersen S and Fogh J (1981) Prevalence of lungworm Dictyocaulus arnfieldi
in donkeys in Denmark Nordisk Veterinaer Medicin 33(911) 484-491
Anjos D H da S Rodrigues M de L de A Souto Maior M P and Castro
A A de (1997) Prevalence mean intensity and relative density of
Cyathostominae (Strongylidae) of the dorsal colon of equines Parasitologia al
Dia 21(34) 133-135
Antiporda L R D and Eduardo S L (1990) Prevalence and relative abundance
of helminth parasites in Philippine horses Philippine Journal of Veterinary
Medicine 27(2) 21-23
Applewhaite L M and Ruiz A (1983) Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus in horses in
Guyana British Veterinary Journal 139(3) 265-266
Araacutenzazu Meana Moacutenica Luzon Juan Corchero and Mercedes Goacutemez-Bautista
(1998) Reliability of coprological diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata
infection Veterinary Parasitology 74(1) 79-83
Arru E Mantovani A and Vicari G (1984) Echinococcosis - hydatidosis and
taeniasis - cysticercosis in Italy Agriculture some important parasitic infections
in bovines considered from economic and social zoonosis points of view
Parasitological symposium Lyons 215-233
Arslan M O and Umur S (1998) The helminth and Eimeria (Protozoa) species in
horses and donkeys in Kars Province of Turkey Acta Parasitologica Turcica
22(2) 180-184
Avarzed A Waal D T de Igarashi I Saito A Oyamada T Toyoda Y
and Suzuki N (1997) Prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Central Mongolia
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 64(2) 141-145
References
-142-
Aydenizoz M (2004) The prevalence of helminths in horses in Kirikkale Turkey
Indian Veterinary Journal 81(3) 255-258
Ayele G Feseha G Bojia E and Joe A (2006) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal
parasites of donkeys in Dugda Bora District Ethiopia Addis Ababa University
Faculty of veterinary medicine Livestock Research for Rural Development 18
(10) 136
Bakos E (1981) Prevalence of equine babesiosis (Babesia equi infection) in Chaco
province Argentina as revealed by the immunodiffusion test applied to serum
samples Gaceta veterinaria 43(364) 773-774
Balkaya I and Erdogmus S Z (2006a) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
(Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall 1910) in horses by serological methods in
Elazig and Malatya Province Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Frat Universitesi 20(1) 61-63
Balkaya I Erdogmus S Z (2006b) Prevalence of Babesia equi and Babesia
caballi in horses by serological methods in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black
Sea regions of Turkey Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 5(2) 168-
171
Baraka AA (1983) Some morpho-biological studies on Gastrophilus species
infecting donkeys in Egypt MD Thesis Vet Cairo Univ
Barbosa I P Bose R Peymann B and Friedhoff K T (1995)
Epidemiological aspects of equine babesioses in a herd of horses in Brazil
Veterinary Parasitology 58(12) 1-8
Baroni E and Sievers G (1997) Equine cestodosis and its control possibilities
Parasitologia al Dia 21(12) 40-47
Battelli g Galuppi R Pietrobelli M and Tampieri MP (1995) Eimeria
Leuckarti from Equus caballus in Italy Parassitologigia (Roma) 37 (23) 215-
217
References
-143-
Bauer C (1986) Stomach parasites of horses in northern Germany Deutsche
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 93(9) 386 388-389
Bauer C (1988) Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) and intensity of
faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season
Veterinary Parasitology 30(1) 11-15
Bauer C and Stoye M (1984) Results of parasitological examination of faeces
from horses dogs cats and hedgehogs Deutsche tierarztiche wochenschrift 91
(78) 255-258
Beelitz P and Gothe R (2001) Tapeworm infections in slaughter horses from
Upper Bavaria prevalence and worm burden as well as correlation between
coprological diagnosis and infection with adult cestodes Pferdeheilkunde 17(5)
423-428
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1994) Eimeria leuckarti infections in foals and
their mares in upper Bavaria Tieraztlice Praxis 22 (4) 377-381
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1995) On the incidence of Strongyloides
westeri on breeding farms with and without anthelmintic prophylaxis in Upper
Bavaria Pferdeheilkunde 11(3) 207-211
Belem A M G Salembere M S and Ouedraogo Ouoba V (2005) Notes on
blood and gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) from the area of
Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Revue Africaine de Sante et de Productions
Animales 3(2) 115-117
Belli P and Gevrey J (1981) Erratic localizations of Gastrophilus in the horse
Rev Med Vet 132(4)265-268
Benton RR and Lyons ET (1994) Survey in Central Kentucky for prevalence of
Anoplocephala porfoliata in horses at necropsy in 1992 vet Parasit 55 (12)
81-86
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-141-
Ambrosi M (1981) Prevalence of helminths in equines in the Marche region Nuovo
Progresso Veterinario 36(7) 341-342
Andersen S and Fogh J (1981) Prevalence of lungworm Dictyocaulus arnfieldi
in donkeys in Denmark Nordisk Veterinaer Medicin 33(911) 484-491
Anjos D H da S Rodrigues M de L de A Souto Maior M P and Castro
A A de (1997) Prevalence mean intensity and relative density of
Cyathostominae (Strongylidae) of the dorsal colon of equines Parasitologia al
Dia 21(34) 133-135
Antiporda L R D and Eduardo S L (1990) Prevalence and relative abundance
of helminth parasites in Philippine horses Philippine Journal of Veterinary
Medicine 27(2) 21-23
Applewhaite L M and Ruiz A (1983) Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus in horses in
Guyana British Veterinary Journal 139(3) 265-266
Araacutenzazu Meana Moacutenica Luzon Juan Corchero and Mercedes Goacutemez-Bautista
(1998) Reliability of coprological diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata
infection Veterinary Parasitology 74(1) 79-83
Arru E Mantovani A and Vicari G (1984) Echinococcosis - hydatidosis and
taeniasis - cysticercosis in Italy Agriculture some important parasitic infections
in bovines considered from economic and social zoonosis points of view
Parasitological symposium Lyons 215-233
Arslan M O and Umur S (1998) The helminth and Eimeria (Protozoa) species in
horses and donkeys in Kars Province of Turkey Acta Parasitologica Turcica
22(2) 180-184
Avarzed A Waal D T de Igarashi I Saito A Oyamada T Toyoda Y
and Suzuki N (1997) Prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Central Mongolia
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 64(2) 141-145
References
-142-
Aydenizoz M (2004) The prevalence of helminths in horses in Kirikkale Turkey
Indian Veterinary Journal 81(3) 255-258
Ayele G Feseha G Bojia E and Joe A (2006) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal
parasites of donkeys in Dugda Bora District Ethiopia Addis Ababa University
Faculty of veterinary medicine Livestock Research for Rural Development 18
(10) 136
Bakos E (1981) Prevalence of equine babesiosis (Babesia equi infection) in Chaco
province Argentina as revealed by the immunodiffusion test applied to serum
samples Gaceta veterinaria 43(364) 773-774
Balkaya I and Erdogmus S Z (2006a) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
(Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall 1910) in horses by serological methods in
Elazig and Malatya Province Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Frat Universitesi 20(1) 61-63
Balkaya I Erdogmus S Z (2006b) Prevalence of Babesia equi and Babesia
caballi in horses by serological methods in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black
Sea regions of Turkey Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 5(2) 168-
171
Baraka AA (1983) Some morpho-biological studies on Gastrophilus species
infecting donkeys in Egypt MD Thesis Vet Cairo Univ
Barbosa I P Bose R Peymann B and Friedhoff K T (1995)
Epidemiological aspects of equine babesioses in a herd of horses in Brazil
Veterinary Parasitology 58(12) 1-8
Baroni E and Sievers G (1997) Equine cestodosis and its control possibilities
Parasitologia al Dia 21(12) 40-47
Battelli g Galuppi R Pietrobelli M and Tampieri MP (1995) Eimeria
Leuckarti from Equus caballus in Italy Parassitologigia (Roma) 37 (23) 215-
217
References
-143-
Bauer C (1986) Stomach parasites of horses in northern Germany Deutsche
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 93(9) 386 388-389
Bauer C (1988) Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) and intensity of
faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season
Veterinary Parasitology 30(1) 11-15
Bauer C and Stoye M (1984) Results of parasitological examination of faeces
from horses dogs cats and hedgehogs Deutsche tierarztiche wochenschrift 91
(78) 255-258
Beelitz P and Gothe R (2001) Tapeworm infections in slaughter horses from
Upper Bavaria prevalence and worm burden as well as correlation between
coprological diagnosis and infection with adult cestodes Pferdeheilkunde 17(5)
423-428
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1994) Eimeria leuckarti infections in foals and
their mares in upper Bavaria Tieraztlice Praxis 22 (4) 377-381
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1995) On the incidence of Strongyloides
westeri on breeding farms with and without anthelmintic prophylaxis in Upper
Bavaria Pferdeheilkunde 11(3) 207-211
Belem A M G Salembere M S and Ouedraogo Ouoba V (2005) Notes on
blood and gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) from the area of
Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Revue Africaine de Sante et de Productions
Animales 3(2) 115-117
Belli P and Gevrey J (1981) Erratic localizations of Gastrophilus in the horse
Rev Med Vet 132(4)265-268
Benton RR and Lyons ET (1994) Survey in Central Kentucky for prevalence of
Anoplocephala porfoliata in horses at necropsy in 1992 vet Parasit 55 (12)
81-86
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-142-
Aydenizoz M (2004) The prevalence of helminths in horses in Kirikkale Turkey
Indian Veterinary Journal 81(3) 255-258
Ayele G Feseha G Bojia E and Joe A (2006) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal
parasites of donkeys in Dugda Bora District Ethiopia Addis Ababa University
Faculty of veterinary medicine Livestock Research for Rural Development 18
(10) 136
Bakos E (1981) Prevalence of equine babesiosis (Babesia equi infection) in Chaco
province Argentina as revealed by the immunodiffusion test applied to serum
samples Gaceta veterinaria 43(364) 773-774
Balkaya I and Erdogmus S Z (2006a) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
(Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall 1910) in horses by serological methods in
Elazig and Malatya Province Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Frat Universitesi 20(1) 61-63
Balkaya I Erdogmus S Z (2006b) Prevalence of Babesia equi and Babesia
caballi in horses by serological methods in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black
Sea regions of Turkey Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 5(2) 168-
171
Baraka AA (1983) Some morpho-biological studies on Gastrophilus species
infecting donkeys in Egypt MD Thesis Vet Cairo Univ
Barbosa I P Bose R Peymann B and Friedhoff K T (1995)
Epidemiological aspects of equine babesioses in a herd of horses in Brazil
Veterinary Parasitology 58(12) 1-8
Baroni E and Sievers G (1997) Equine cestodosis and its control possibilities
Parasitologia al Dia 21(12) 40-47
Battelli g Galuppi R Pietrobelli M and Tampieri MP (1995) Eimeria
Leuckarti from Equus caballus in Italy Parassitologigia (Roma) 37 (23) 215-
217
References
-143-
Bauer C (1986) Stomach parasites of horses in northern Germany Deutsche
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 93(9) 386 388-389
Bauer C (1988) Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) and intensity of
faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season
Veterinary Parasitology 30(1) 11-15
Bauer C and Stoye M (1984) Results of parasitological examination of faeces
from horses dogs cats and hedgehogs Deutsche tierarztiche wochenschrift 91
(78) 255-258
Beelitz P and Gothe R (2001) Tapeworm infections in slaughter horses from
Upper Bavaria prevalence and worm burden as well as correlation between
coprological diagnosis and infection with adult cestodes Pferdeheilkunde 17(5)
423-428
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1994) Eimeria leuckarti infections in foals and
their mares in upper Bavaria Tieraztlice Praxis 22 (4) 377-381
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1995) On the incidence of Strongyloides
westeri on breeding farms with and without anthelmintic prophylaxis in Upper
Bavaria Pferdeheilkunde 11(3) 207-211
Belem A M G Salembere M S and Ouedraogo Ouoba V (2005) Notes on
blood and gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) from the area of
Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Revue Africaine de Sante et de Productions
Animales 3(2) 115-117
Belli P and Gevrey J (1981) Erratic localizations of Gastrophilus in the horse
Rev Med Vet 132(4)265-268
Benton RR and Lyons ET (1994) Survey in Central Kentucky for prevalence of
Anoplocephala porfoliata in horses at necropsy in 1992 vet Parasit 55 (12)
81-86
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-143-
Bauer C (1986) Stomach parasites of horses in northern Germany Deutsche
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 93(9) 386 388-389
Bauer C (1988) Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) and intensity of
faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season
Veterinary Parasitology 30(1) 11-15
Bauer C and Stoye M (1984) Results of parasitological examination of faeces
from horses dogs cats and hedgehogs Deutsche tierarztiche wochenschrift 91
(78) 255-258
Beelitz P and Gothe R (2001) Tapeworm infections in slaughter horses from
Upper Bavaria prevalence and worm burden as well as correlation between
coprological diagnosis and infection with adult cestodes Pferdeheilkunde 17(5)
423-428
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1994) Eimeria leuckarti infections in foals and
their mares in upper Bavaria Tieraztlice Praxis 22 (4) 377-381
Beelitz p Rieder N and Gothe R (1995) On the incidence of Strongyloides
westeri on breeding farms with and without anthelmintic prophylaxis in Upper
Bavaria Pferdeheilkunde 11(3) 207-211
Belem A M G Salembere M S and Ouedraogo Ouoba V (2005) Notes on
blood and gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) from the area of
Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Revue Africaine de Sante et de Productions
Animales 3(2) 115-117
Belli P and Gevrey J (1981) Erratic localizations of Gastrophilus in the horse
Rev Med Vet 132(4)265-268
Benton RR and Lyons ET (1994) Survey in Central Kentucky for prevalence of
Anoplocephala porfoliata in horses at necropsy in 1992 vet Parasit 55 (12)
81-86
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-144-
Bharat Singh Hira Ram Banerjee P S Rajat Garg and Yadav C L (2002)
Epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal parasites of equines in Uttaranchal
and Uttar Pradesh Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(10) 861-862
Borges L M F and Leite R C (1998) Ixodid populations of the ears of equines in
Minas Gerais and Bahia Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 50(1) 87-89
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1996) Data on the prevalence of tapeworm
infestations in horses in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 18(3) 110-112
Borgsteede F H M and Beek G van (1998) Parasites of stomach and small
intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands Veterinary Quarterly 20(1)
31-34
Brihuega J M Vizio E A and Dale J (1993) Equine babesiosis serological
prevalence in Argentina from 1990-1993 Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
Buenos Aires 74(4) 212215
Brocard P and Pfister K (1991) Approach of the epidemiology of Gasterophilus
infections of horses in Switzerland Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 133(9)
409-416
Bucknell D G Gasser R B and Beveridge I (1995) The prevalence and
epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Victoria Australia
Department of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Princes Highway
Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia 58(1-2)99-108
Burger J F (1974) Horse-flies of Arizona II Notes on and keys to the adult
Tabanidae of Arizona subfamilies Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae (Diptera)
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 76(3) 247-269
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Sarmehmetoglu O and Ayaz E (1995a)
Helminth species found in donkeys Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara
Universitesi 42(2) 207-215
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-145-
Burgu A Doganay A Oge H Oge S and Piskin C (1995b) Helminth species
found in horses Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 42(2) 193-
205
Cabral D D Tunala V and Leopoldino W M (1997) A survey of
Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in horses slaughtered at Pomar abattoir
in Araguari Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias 3(1) 79-82
Carl A M David E W and Jack E C (1977) Observations on the life cycle
and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana Am J Vet Res 38
1673-1674
Celano G Zizzo N and Iaffaldano D (1991) Incidence of hepatic fascioliasis in
imported horses slaughtered in Puglia gross and histopathological changes and
meat inspection Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari 12(2) 45-47
Chahan BaYin Zhang SouFa Seo JinYoung Nakamura C Zhang GuoHong Bannai
H Jian ZiJian Inokuma H Tuchiya K Sato Y Kabeya H Maruyama S
Mikami T and Xuan XueNan (2006) Seroepidemiological evidence for the possible
presence of Babesia (Theileria) equi and Babesia caballi infections in donkeys in
Western Xinjiang China Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68(7) 753-755
Chaudhry A H Sohail E and Iqbal Z (1991) Studies on the prevalence and
taxonomy of the members of genus Strongylus and their effects on blood picture
in equines in Faisalabad (Pakistan) Pakistan Veterinary Journal 11(4) 179-181
Cole D J Cohen N D Snowden K and Smith R (1998) Prevalence of and
risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in horses
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213(9) 1296-1302
Collobert C (1998) Importance of parasites of the digestive system at postmortem
examination prevalence of some important parasites and their associated lesions
Bulletin des GTV (4) 85-88
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-146-
Collobert C Fleury C Valognes A and Pedaille F (1997) Prevalence of
taeniasis in horses in France multicentric survey from horses examined post-
mortem Pratique Veterinaire Equine 29(3) 149-158
Collobert-Laugier C Hoste H Sevin C and Dorchies P (2002) Prevalence
abundance and site distribution of equine small strongyles in Normandy France
Veterinary Parasitology 110(12) 77-83
Collobert-Laugier C Lamidey C Brisseau N Moussu C and Hamet N
(2000) Prevalence of stomach nematodes (Habronema spp Draschia
megastoma and Trichostrongylus axei) in horses examined post mortem in
Normandy AFSSA-Dozuleacute Institut de Pathologie du Cheval Goustranville F-
14430 Dozuleacute 2(151)151-156
Collobert C Tariel G Bernard N and Lamidey C (1995) Prevalence and
pathogenicity of cyathostome larvae in Normandy retrospective study of 824
horses examined post-mortem Recueil de Medecine Veterinaire 172(34) 193-
200
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1974) The principal parasitic infestations of equines
in Belgium I Frequency II Strongylosis Annales de Medecine Veterinaire
118(4) 231-237
Cotteleer C and Fameree L (1981) Occessional parasitosis and antitoxoplasma
antibodies in horses in Belgium Special case of coccidiosis Schweizer Archiv
Fur Tierheikunde 123 (5) 263-271
Crak V Y Gulegen E and Bauer C (2005) The prevalence of strongyle
infections and persistent efficacy of pyrantel embonate ivermectin and
moxidectin in Turkish horses Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvanclk Dergisi 29(1)
175-181
Cranley J J (1982) Survey of equine hydatidosis in Great Britain Equine
Veterinary Journal 14(2) 153-157
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-147-
Daoud M S and Al -Alousi T I (1995) A note on some parasites in donkeys in
Mosul - Iraq Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 8(1) 169-170
Deacutebora Henrique da Silva Anjos and Maria de Lurdes A Rodrigues (2006)
Diversity of the infracommunities of strongylid nematodes in the ventral colon of
Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 136(3-
4 31) 251-257
Demir S Tnar R Aydn L Crak V Y and Ergul R (1995) Prevalence of
helminth species by faecal examination in equines of Bursa Turkiye Parazitoloji
Dergisi 19(1) 124-131
Demma I Giambruno P Virga A and Rosa S di (1987) Hydatidosis in the
public abattoir of Palermo in the period 1981-1985 Rivista di Parassitologia 4
(48) (2) 253-257
Dietz O and Wiesner E (1984) Diseases of the horse a Handbook of Science and
Practice part 211 S Karger Basel Munchen Paris 303-354
Donnelly J Joyner L P and Frank C (1980) Quantitative epidemiological
studies on the prevalence of babesiosis in horses in Kuwait Trop Animal health
and production 12(4) 253-258
Dorchies P H Grisez C Prevot F Bergeaud J P and Jacquiet P (2007)
Prevalence of equine small strongyles in south west France results of 1049 faecal
egg counts Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158(11) 547-550
Dorny P Eysker M Demeulenaere D Smets K and Vercruysse J (1999)
Study on the gastrointestinal metazoan parasite fauna of ponies in Belgium
Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 68(4) 173-178
Drummoud RO Cadogan B L and Wilson T(1981) Ticks on Livestock in
Barbados Vet Parasit 8(3)253-259
Duncan J L (1974) Strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse Vet Res 95 (2)34-
37
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-148-
Dunsmore JD and Jue Sue LP (1985) Prevalence and epidemiology of the major
gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth Western Australia Equine Vet
Journal 17(3)208-13
Dvorakova L (1990) Helminths of horses in southern Czechoslovakia
Veterinarstvi 40(8) 367-368
Edwards GT (1982a) The prevalence of Gastrophilus intestinalis in horses in
northen England and wales Vet Parasit 11(23) 215-222
Edwards GT (1982b) Observations on the epidemiology of equine hydatidosis in
Britain Veterinary Record 110(22) 511-514
Egri B Saacuterkoumlzy P and Baacutenhidy G (1995) Prevalence of botfly larvae and lice
in studs of North Caucasus (Stawropol County Russia) Department of Animal
Physiology and Animal Health Pannon University for Agricultural Sciences
Mosonmagyaroacutevaacuter Hungary 43(2-3)287-289
El- Assaly TM (1986) Some studies on gastrointestinal helminthes in equines Ph
D Vet Thesis Cairo University
El-Seify M A (1980) Studies on the role played by equine ticks in transmitting
protozoal diseases M Sc vet Thesis Cairo Univ
El- Sokkary m y (1981) Morphological studies on lung worms of equines in
Behera governorate Ph D Vet Thesis Zagazig Unive
Epe C Behrens T Samson-Himmelstjerna G von and Schnieder T (2001)
Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in northern Germany
Praktische Tierarzt 82(1) 37-42
Epe C Schnieder T and Stoye M (1998) Results of parasitological
examinations of faecal samples from horses donkeys dogs cats and hedgehogs
between 1993 and 1997 Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift 85(12) 435-439
ErdogmusS Z and Balkaya I (2006) Investigation of prevalence of Babesia equi
and Babesia caballi in horses in Turkey Indian Veterinary Journal 83(9) 944-
946
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-149-
Eslami A PHD Saiid Bokai and Vahid Tabatabai (2005) Equine parasites in
Iran Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(4) 143-144
Esposito C Fossi E Iadanza F and Contena S (1995) Animal hydatidosis in
Sardinia Igiene Moderna 104(6) 975-982
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1989) Small strongyle infections in donkeys from the
highveld in Zimbabwe Veterinary Parasitology 30(4) 345-349
Eysker M and Pandey VS (1990) Observations on some parasites of the horse in
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 21-24
Eugster A K and jones L p (1985) Coccidiosis in horses South western
Veterinarian 36 (3) 197
Fahmy M F M and El-Attar S R (1990) Pathological study on fascioliasis in
camel and solipeds Egyptian Journal of Comparative Pathology and Clinical
Pathology 3(2) 285-291
Fikru R Reta D Teshale S and Bizunesh M (2005) Prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia Ethiopia Bulletin of
Animal Health and Production in Africa 53(3) 161-166
Fioretti DP Veronesi F Diaferia M and Pepe M (2005) Epidemiology of
Anoplocephalidae and Cyathostominae in horses in Umbria Obiettivi e
Documenti Veterinari 26(2) 25-32 34
Fischer K L A (1982) Occurrence importance and control of Fasciola Hepatica
infection in horses In augural Dissertation Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover
GFR 72 pp
Fogarty U Piero F del Purnell R E and Mosurski K R (1994) Incidence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir Veterinary
Record 134(20) 515-518
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-150-
Forde K N Swinker A M Traub Dargatz J L and Cheney J M (1998)
The prevalence of CryptosporidiumGiardia in the trail horse population utilizing
public lands in Colorado Journaln of Equine Veterinary Science 18(1) 38-40
Gabaj MM Beesley WN and Awan MAQ (1992) A survey of mites on farm
animals in Libya Animals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86(5)537-542
Gawor J J (1995a) The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working
horses in Poland Vet Parasit 58(12)99-108
Gawor J J (1995b) Prevalence of Gasterophilus infection in privately owned
horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 51(10) 598-599
Gawor J J (2002) Prevalence of intestinal parasites in riding horses Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 58(2) 148-150
Gawler R Coles GC and Stafford K A (2005) Prevalence and distribution of
the horse louse Werneckiella equi on hides collected at a horse abattoir in south-
west England Veterinary Record 157(14) 419-420
Gawor J Kornas S Charcenko V Nowosad B and Skalska M (2006)
Intestinal parasites and health problems in horses in different breeding systems
Medycyna-Weterynaryjna 62(3) 331-334
Gebre Wold A Tegegn A and Yami A (2004) Research needs of donkey
utilization in Ethiopia In Fielding and Starkey P (editors) Donkeys People and
Development A resource book of the animal traction network for eastern and
Southern Africa (ATNESA) Technical center for agriculture and rural
cooperation (CTA) Wageningen The Netherlands pp 77-81
Georgi J R and Theodorides V J (1980) Parasitology for Veterinarians w b
Saunders Company Philadelphia
Gonenc B Ayaz E and Gck Y (1998) The prevalence of hydatid cyst in horses
and donkeys and the ability of protoscoleces to form secondary cysts in mice
Acta Parasitologica Turcica 22(4) 428-431
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-151-
Gothe R (1987) Dictyocaulus of equines Tierarztliche praxis Suppl 2 51
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984a) Intestinal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in
Germany age-related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific
composition Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(4) 144-145
Gothe R and Heil HG (1984b) Eimeria leuckarti infections in Equidae
Prevalence and intensity in donkeys in Germany Deutsche Tieraztliche
Wochenschrift 91 (3)93-94
Guizzardi F (1982) Equine gastric myiasis statistical investigation and reflections
from inspections Archivio Veterinario Italiano 33(12) 28-30
Gulegen E and Crak V Y (2005) Occurrence and treatment of Bovicola
(Damalinia) equi (Linnaeus 1758) infestation on a thoroughbred horse farm
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 29(3) 183-184
Gummow B Wet C S de and Waal D T de (1996) A sero-epidemiological
survey of equine piroplasmosis in the Northern and Eastern Cape Provinces of
South Africa Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 67(4) 204-
208
Gundach J L Sadzikowski A B Tomczuk K and Studzinska M B (2004)
Parasites of the alimentary tract of horses from the Lublin district in the light of
coproscopic and gross histopathological examinations Medycyna Weterynaryjna
60(10) 1089-1092
Gupta S L Suryanarayana C and Singh R P (1985) Prevalence of Babesia
equi infection in apparently healthy equines of Hisar as judged by capillary tube
agglutination test Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 69-70
Guralp N (1984) The relevance of parasitic diseases of animals in Turkey
Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Ankara Universitesi 31(3) 544-555
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-152-
Hamoda F K El Sawahy A A and Hassan H Y (1999) Field and laboratory
studies on some parasitic diseases of donkeys Journal of Veterinary medicine
Association 59 2amp3
Hayakawa H Matsumura T Hasegawa T Inaoka T and Nagashima Y
(1988) Ecological studies on tabanid flies at the horse-breeding center of Hidaka
District Hokkaido 2 Breeding sites species composition and seasonal
prevalence of tabanid flies along the basin of the Horobetsu River Japanese
Journal of Sanitary Zoology 39(1) 1-6
Heil H G (1983) Intestinal parasite fauna and Dictyocaulus arnfieldi infection of
donkeys in Hessen and seasonal variations in infection rates and intensities [vi] +
182pp
Henton J E and Geiser D R (1982) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in foal pneumonia A
case report J Equine Vet Sci 2(5) 170-171
Hermann M Baumann D Weiland G and Salis B (1987) First report of
equine babesiosis as a herd problem in Switzerland Pferdefilkunde 3 (1) 22-24
Heuchert C M S Giulli V de Jr Athaide D F de Bose R and Friedhoff
K T (1999) Seroepidemiologic studies on Babesia equi and Babesia caballi
infections in Brazil Veterinary Parasitology 85(1) 1-11
Hilali M Derhalli F S and Baraka A (1987) Incidence and monthly prevalence
of Gastrophilus spp larvae in stomach of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Egypt Vet
Parasit 23(3-4)297-302
Hoglund J Ljungstrom B L Nilsson O Lundquist H Osterman E and
Uggla A (1997) Occurrence of Gasterophilus intestinalis and some parasitic
nematodes of horses in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38(2) 157-166
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea 1- Ticks of the Sudan (with special
reference to Equatoria province and with preliminary review of the genera
Boophilus Margaropus amp Hyalomma) Dep Navy Bur Med Surg Washington
dC 1101 pp
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-153-
Horak I G Biggs H C and Reinecke R K (1984) Arthropod parasites of
Hartmanns mountain zebra Equus zebra hartmannae in South West
AfricaNamibia Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 51(3) 183-187
Hosny Z Hafez M A M Edries m (1982) on equine babesiosis significance
of blood cytological examination of horses and donkeys Assuit Vet Med J
9(1718)6163
Hungerford T G (1990) Diseases of Lifestocks Mcgrow ndash Hil ndash Book company
Sydney 1435-1456
Imrie H and Jacobs D E (1987) Prevalence of horse tapeworm in north London
and Hertfordshire Veterinary Record 120(13) 304
Inci A (2002) Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi
(Nuttall 1910) in equids in the Kayseri region on the basis of microscopic
examination of blood smears Saglk Bilimleri Dergisi Firat Universitesi
Veteriner 16(1) 85-88
Ionescu V and Ionescu A (2003) EchinococcosisHydatidosis (EH) in cattle
sheep pigs and horses in Romania during 1997-2002 Proceedings 11th
International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory
Diagnosticians and OIE Seminar on Biotechnology Bangkok Thailand P142-
P143
Irgashev I Kh Enileeva N Kh Ishmirzaev B R and Pardaev K P (1981)
Improving health conditions on farms in respect of the incidence of Gastrophilus
Veterinariya-Moscow-USSR ( 12) 39
Islam A W M S (1986) The prevalence of helminth parasites in horses Livestock
Adviser 11(6) 44-46
Itagaki T Miyake Y Sakamoto T Chinone S and Itagaki H (1993)
Helmithological survey of farm horses in Iwate prefecture Japan J Japan Vet
Med Associ 46(12) 1014-1017
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-154-
Jain K N Reddy K R Dinanath Kulkarni and Padmavati P (1993) Studies
on the incidence and pathology of Habronema megastoma (Rudolphi 1819)
infection in horses in Andhra Pradesh Indian Veterinary Journal 70(12) 1109-
1110
Johan Houmlglund Olle Nilsson Britt-Louise Ljungstroumlm Johan Hellander Eva
Osterman Lind and Arvid Uggla (1997) Epidemiology of Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in foals on a stud farm in south-western Sweden Department
of Parasitology National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences Box 7073 S-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Veter AB
Klockarv 14 S-151 61 Soumldertaumllje Sweden and Swedish Animal Health Service
Box 9003 S-291 09 Kristianstad Sweden
Johnson E Atwill E R Filkins M E and Kalush J (1997) The prevalence of
shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp based on a single fecal sample
collection from each of 91 horses used for backcountry recreation Journal of
Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9(1) 56-60
Joseph S A and Karunamoorthy G (1991) Studies on the haematophagous
arthropods of zoonotic importance in Tamil Nadu Entomology for Defence
Services Proceedings of the Symposium held on 12-14 September-1990 185-
192
Jurasek V (1986) Results of the laboratory examinations of parasitosis in the
animals of Mozambique IV Horses and donkeys Folia veterinaria 30(30) 111-
113
Kania S A and Reinemeyer C R (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata coproantigen
detection a preliminary study Veterinary Parasitology 127(2) 115-119
Katoch R Bhardwaj R L Rajput Rajesh Panda A K and Alok Sharma
(2003) Incidence of bot in equines of North Western Himalayas Centaur 20(4)
66-67
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-155-
Katoch R Katoch S Agnihotri R K Sharma K B and Ajay Katoch (2006)
Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths in Spiti horses of Himachal Pradesh
Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary amp Animal
Sciences CSKHPKV Palampur (HP) 176 062 India Intas-Polivet 7(1) 64-
66
Khajuria J K Anish Yadav and Raina A K (2004) Incidence of helminth
parasites in equines of Jammu Region Centaur 21(4) 58-61
Khalifa R Monib MEM and Mandour AM (1988) A study on the parasites
infecting equines in Assuit governorate Assuit Vet Med J 20 (40) 67-76
Kilani M Soussi K dorchies P and france M (1986) Epidemiological
observations on Gastrophiildae of horses in the Tunis region Rev Med Vet
137(7) 537-540
Klei T R (1986) Other parasites recent advances Veterinary Clinics of North
America Equine Practice 2(2) 329-336
Klem M A P Rodrigues A C and Rezende A M L (1997) Gasterophilosis
in equids natural infection with Gasterophilus nasalis L (Diptera
Gasterophilidae) in Rio de Janeiro State Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 6(1) 61-67
Konigova A Varady M and Corba J (2001) The prevalence of equine
gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic Helminthologia 38(4) 211-214
Kopf N (1987) Colic of parasitic origin in horses occurrence clinical features
operative findings and post-mortem findings Pferdeheilkurde 3(2) 69-70 72-82
Kornas S Nowosad B and Skalska M (2004) Intestinal parasite infections in
horses from different types of environments Medycyna Weterynaryjna 60(8)
853-856
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-156-
Kornas S Skalska M and Nowosad B (2006a) Occurrence of roundworm
(Parascaris equorum) in horses from small farms based on necropsy Wiad
Parazytol 52(4)323-326
Kornas S Skalska M Gawor J Nowosad B (2006c) Infections of tapeworms
in horses from stud farms and individual breeding systems Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 62(7) 821-823
Kornas S Gawor J Skalska M Nowosad B (2006d) Occurrence of botfly in
horses from small farms Medycyna Weterynaryjna 62(4) 452-454
Kornas S Skalska M Nowosad B Gawor J abaziewicz I and Babiuch A
(2007) Occurrence of tapeworm roundworm and botfly larvae in horses from
southern Poland Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1373-1376
Krecek R c Reinecke r k and Horak i G (1989) internal parasites of horses
on mixed grassveld and bushveld in Transvaal republic of South Africa Vet
Parasit 34(1-2) 135-143
Langrova I (1998) Seasonal prevalence and intensity of faecal helminth egg
(larval) output in various categories of herds of horses during two grazing
seasons Helminthologia 35(1) 43-50
Langrova I (2000) Seasonal prevalence of the coccidium Eimeria leuckarti and
intensity of faecal oocyst output in various categories of horses in the Czech
Republic Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 31(2) 123-129
Larsen K S Eydal M Mencke N and Sigurdsson H (2005) Infestation of
Werneckiella equi on Icelandic horses characteristics of predilection sites and
lice dermatitis Parasitol Res 96 (6) 398-401
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-157-
Leite J O Souto R Amado S and Rezende A M L (1997) Prevalence of
gastric helminths in equids in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro Revista
Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria 6(1) 75-78
Levi O Waner T Baneth G Keysary A Bruchim Y Silverman J and
Harrus S (2006) Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among
healthy dogs and horses in Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 53(2)
78-80
Levine N D (1982) Veterinary Protozoology Iowa state University PressAmes
Liebisch G and Liebisch A (1996) Prevalence and treatment of equine
ectoparasitoses an update Praktische Tierarzt 77(6) 512519
Litchtenfels JR (1975) Helminths of Domestic Equids Proceedings of the
Helminthological Society of Washington 42 (Special Issue)
Littlejohn A and Walker E M (1979) Some aspects of the epidemiology of
equine babesiosis J South Afr Vet Associ 50(4) 308-313
Liu F J Che X H and Chang Q (1993) Prevalence of hydatid cysts in
livestock in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region PRC Compendium on
cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region The Peoples Republic of China 177-189
Lorenzini R and Ruggieri A (1987) Distribution of echinococcosishydatidosis in
Italy Journal of Helminthology61(3) 261-267
Luengo J Arata N Luengo M and Araya N (1984) Anatomopathological
study of livers from horses with fascioliasis Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia
39(34) 43-46
Lutsuk S N (1994) Epizootic situation of piroplasm infections in horses at the Tver
horse breeding farm Diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in farm
animals Collected p 23-25
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-158-
Lyons ET Drudge J H Swerczek TW Crowe MW and Tolliver S C
(1981) Prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris and Parascaris equorum in Kentucky
thoroughbreds at necropsy J Am Vet Med Assoc 179(8)818-919
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1983) Parasites in Kentucky Thoroughbreds at necropsy emphasis on
stomach worms and tapeworms American Journal of Veterinary Research
44(5) 839-844
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M
W (1985) Lungworms ((Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Prevalence in live equids
in Kentucky Am J Vet Res 46(4) 921-923
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1986) Prevalence of
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) in equids and clinical problems with
Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda) mainly in donkeys on a farm in central
Kentucky Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington
53(2) 251-253
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Swerczek T W and Crowe M W
(1987) Common internal parasites found in the stomach large intestine and
cranial mesenteric artery of Thoroughbreds in Kentucky at necropsy (1985 to
1986) American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(2) 268-273
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1988) Natural infection with
Eimeria leuckarti prevalence of oocysts in feces of horse foals on several
farms in Kentucky during 1986 American Journal of Veterinary Research
49(1) 96-98
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1990) Prevalence of some internal
parasites found (1971-1989) in horses born on a farm in central Kentucky
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10(2) 99-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Drudge J H Granstrom DE Stamper S and
Collins S S (1991) Transmission of some internal parasites in horses born in
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-159-
1989 on a farm in Central Kentucky Journal of the Helminthological Society of
Washington 58(2) 213-219
Lyons E T Drudge J H and Tolliver S C (1992) Review of prevalence
surveys of internal parasites recovered (1951-1990) from horses at necropsy in
Kentucky Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 12(1) 9-16
Lyons ET tolliver SC drudge JH Granstrom DE and Collins SS
(1993) Natural infections of Strongyloides westeri prevalence in horses
foals on several farms in central Kentucky in 1992 Vet Parasit 50 (12)
101-107
Lyons E T Tolliver S C Collins S S Drudge J H and Granstrom D E
(1997) Transmission of some species of internal parasites in horses born in 1993
1994 and 1995 on the same pasture on a farm in central Kentucky Veterinary
Parasitology 70(4) 225-240
Lyons E T Swerczek T W Tolliver S C Bair H D Drudge J H and
Ennis L E (2000a) Prevalence of selected species of internal parasites in
equids at necropsy in central Kentucky (1995ndash1999) Department of Veterinary
Science Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY
40546-0099 USA Veterinary Parasitology 92(1) 51-62
Lyons E T Stebbings H C and Coles G C (2000b) Prevalence of tapeworms
bots and nematodes in abattoir horses in south-west England Veterinary Record
147(16) 456-457
Lyons E T and Tolliver S C (2004) Prevalence of parasite eggs (Strongyloides
westeri Parascaris equorum and strongyles) and oocysts (Eimeria leuckarti) in
the feces of Thoroughbred foals on 14 farms in central Kentucky Parasitology
Research 92(5) 400-404
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-160-
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006a) Field studies on
endoparasites of thoroughbred foals on seven farms in central Kentucky in 2004
Parasitology-Research 98(5) 496-500
Lyons E T Tolliver S C and Collins SS (2006b) Prevalence of large
endoparasites at necropsy in horses infected with Population B small strongyles
in a herd established in Kentucky in 1966 Parasitology Research 99(2) 114-
118
Maddox Hyttel C Sorensen T S Proudman CJ Farlam J and
Andersen B (2005) Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Denmark
Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 88(4) 20-22
Majewska A C Werner A Sulima P and Luty T (1999) Survey on equine
cryptosporidiosis in Poland and the possibility of zoonotic transmission Annals
of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 6(2) 161-165
Majewska A C Solarczyk P Tamang L and Graczyk T K (2004) Equine
Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland Parasitology Research
93(4) 274-278
Malhotra D V Banerjee D P and Gautam O P (1978) Prevalence of
latent cases of Babesia equi infection in some parts of North West India as
measured by the capillary agglutination test Equine Veterinary Journal
10(1) 24-26
Malik W A Pervez K Avais M and Rabbani I (2006) Comparative
efficacy of various drugs against Gastrodiscus in horses JAPS Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences 16(12) 28-30
Mallick KP Dwived SK Srivastava NK and Kumar S (1987) Areport on
the occurrence of haemoprotozoan infections of rural livestock Indian J Parsit
11(1)25-26
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-161-
Martins I V F Sant Anna F B Correia T R Souza C P de and Scott F
B (2002a) Prevalence of infections by tapeworms in equines in the state of Rio
de Janeiro Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Veterinaria 9(3) 172-174
Martins I V F Correia T R Souza C P Fernandes J I Sant Anna
F B Coumendouros K and Scott F B (2002b) Setaria equina
(Abildgaar 1789) in equines from the State of Rio de Janeiro frequency
abundance and parasite intensity Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia
Veterinaria 11(1) 49-51
Maske D K Bhilegaonkar N G and Sardey M R (1990) Prevalence of
parasitic infections in domestic animals at Nagpur (Maharashtra) Journal of
Veterinary Parasitology 4(2) 23-25
Matchanov N M Sagieva A T Sadykov V M Alimov K A
Muratbaev Zh Mamadiyarov T I Mukhitdinov Sh Muminov A
Yuldashev S and Shirinov Sh (1985) Echinococcus granulosus larvae
(hydatids) in horses and passaging of protoscoleces in horses and man
Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal (6) 36-38
Matthee S Krecek R C and Milne S A (2000) Prevalence and biodiversity of
helminth parasites in donkeys from South Africa Journal of Parasitology 86(4)
756-762
Mattioli R C Zinsstag J and Pfister K (1994) Frequency of trypanosomiasis
and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in the Gambia in relation to
animal husbandry Tropical animal health and production 26 (2) 102-108
McQueary C A Worley D E and Catlin J E (1977) Observations on the
life cycle and prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti in horses in Montana
American Journal of Veterinary Research 38(10) 1673-1674
Merck (1981) Parasitas dos equumlinos Msd Agvet Satildeo Paulo 68 pp
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-162-
Mfitilodze M W and Hutchinson G W (1989) Prevalence and intensity of non-
strongyle intestinal parasites of horses in northern Queensland Australian
Veterinary Journal 66(1) 23-26
Mfitilodze MW and Hutchinson GW (1990) Prevalence and abundance of
equine strongyles in tropical Australia L Parasit 76(4) 487-494
Mirck M H (1978) Faecal examinations for the presence of parasites in horses and
ponies Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 103(19) 991-997
Mohamed F A (1979) Studies on blood parasites of Egyptian Donkeys M Sc
Thesis Cairo Univ
Mohesen I A (1998) Studies on ecto amp endoparasites of Equines in Assuit
governorate PhD Faculty of Vet Med Assuit University
Morales M M A Luengo L J and Vasquez P J (1998) Evolution of
hydatidosis morbidity rates in Chile from 1989 to 1995 Avances en Ciencias
Veterinarias 13(2) 56-59
Morales M A Luengo J and Vasquez J (2000) Distribution and prevalence of
fascioliasis in meat animals in Chile 1989-1995 Parasitologia al Dia 24(34)
115-118
Mukbel R M Torgerson P R and Abo-Shehada M N (2000) Prevalence of
hydatidosis among donkeys in northern Jordan Veterinary Parasitology 88(12)
35-42
Mukbel R Torgerson
P R and Abo-Shehada
M (2001) Seasonal Variations in
the Abundance of Gasterophilus spp Larvae in Donkeys in Northern Jordan
Journal of Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(6) 501-509
Mundim M J S Mundim A V Carvalho F S R and Faria E S M (2000)
The prevalence of eggs from gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from
equines in Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinaria Noticias6(2) 133-137
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-163-
Mushi E Z Binta M G Chabo R G and Monnafela L (2003) Seasonal
fluctuation of parasitic infestation in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Oodi village
Kgatleng District Botswana Journal of the South African Veterinary
Association 74(1) 24-26
Nafie T H El Allawy T Mottelib A A and El-Amrousi S(1982) Effect of
induced equine piroplasmosis on some constituents Assuit Vet Med J 9
(17amp18)122-126
Naghibi A and Vahedi H (2002) Prevalence of cryptosporidial infection in horse
and man in Mashhad Iran Archives of Razi Institute (54) 101-106
Nikander S and Karlsson J (1984) Intestinal parasites of stabled horses and their
treatment with fenbendazole paste or suspension Suomen Elinlaakarilehti 90(3)
132-136
Nilsson O Ljungstrom B L Hoglund H Lundquist H and uggla A (1995)
Anoplcephala perfoliata in horses Sweden prevalence infection levels and
intestinal lesions Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 (3)319-328
Nowosad B Prasilova I Napravnik J and Fudalewicz Niemczyk W (1991)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from selected studs in Poland
and Czechoslovakia Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej im Hugona Koataja
w Krakowie Zootechnika 27(242) 27-43
Oge S Oge H Yldrm A and Krcal F (2003) Setaria equina infection of
Turkish equines estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of
microfilaraemia Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 97(4) 403-409
Oliveira C L Santos H A Silva A V M and Costa H M A (1994a)
Cyathostomum tetracanthum (Mehlis 1831) and Cylicocyclus auriculatus (Loos
1900) in donkeys from Brazil Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e
Zootecnia 46(5) 509-517
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-164-
Oliveira C L Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1994b)
Cyathostominae parasite to Equus asinus L in some Brazilian states Arquivo
Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 46(1) 51-63
Omar S F A Malaka F I and El-Kalla A I (2000) Some studies on parasitic
infection in miniature horse Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal 43(86) 271-
279
Oncel T Vural G Gck Y and Arslan O (2007) Detection of Babesia
(Theileria) equi (Laveran 1901) in horses in the Kars Province of Turkey
Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi 31(3) 170-172
Osiyemi T I O and Agbonlahor D E A (1980) Incidence of protozoan blood
parasites in livestock in northern Nigeria Tropical Animal Health and
Production 12(2) 115
Otranto D Milillo P Capelli G Colwell DD (2005) Species composition of
Gasterophilus spp (Diptera Oestridae) causing equine gastric myiasis in
southern Italy parasite biodiversity and risks for extinction Veterinary
Parasitology 133(1) 111-118
Owen Rh ap Rh Jagger D W and Quan-Taylor R (1988) Prevalence of
Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd Powys and adjacent
English marches Veterinary Record 123(22) 562-563
Ozer E and Kucukerden N (1993) Eimeria species and helminthes in equines in
Elazig province Turkey Doga Turk Veterinalik ve Hyavancilik degrisi
17(3)217-221
Pandey V S (1983) Observations on Fasciola hepatica in donkeys Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 77(2) 159-162
Pandey VS and cabaret J (1993) Stomach parasites of donkeys in Morocco
habitat and interspecific interactions Vet Parasit 49(2-4)331-337
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1988) Parasites of the stomach in donkeys of the
highveld of Zimbabwe Vet Quarterly 10(4) 246-248
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-165-
Pandey V S and Eysker M (1990) Internal parasites of donkeys from the
highveld of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 21(1) 27-32
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Elkhalfane A (1980) Observations on the
epizootiology of Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis in horses in morocco
Veterinary Parasitology 7(4) 347-356
Pandey V S Ouhelli H and Verhulst A (1992) Epidemiological observation on
stomach worms of donkeys in Morocco Vet Res Commmunicatios 18(4)273-
279
Pandit S P and Bhoop Singh (1982) Babesia equi infection in Maharashtra--
prevalence and clinicopathological changes induced by splenectomisation in
donkeys Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2) 68-69
Pawlas M Sotysiak Z Nicpon J and Nicpon J (2007) Existence and
pathomorphological picture of gasterophilosis in horses from north-east Poland
Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(11) 1377-1380
Pearse B H G Peucker S K J and Cottam R C (1989) Identification of
Gastrophilus haemorrhoidalis in Queensland Australian Vet J 66(11)380
Pearson R A Nengomasha E and Krecek R C (1999) The challenges in using
donkeys for work in Africa In Starkey PH Kaumbutho P (editors) Meeting the
Challenges of Animal Traction A resource book of the Animal Traction Network
for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) pp 190-198 Harare Zimbabwe
Intermediate Technology Publications London
Pereira J R and Vianna S S S (2006) Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in
equines in the Paraiacuteba Valley State of Satildeo Paulo Brazil APTA Satildeo Paulo State
Agribusiness Technology Agency Paraiacuteba Valley Regional Agribusiness
Technological Regional Development Hub PO Box 07 12 411 010
Pindamonhangaba SP Brazil
Pereira M A V da C Massard C L Faccini J LH and Siqueira L F G de (2004)
Prevalence of Babesia equi (Laveran 1901) and Babesia caballi (Nuttall amp Strickland
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-166-
1912) in thoroughbred horses in small equestrian establishments Arquivos do Instituto
Biologico Sao Paulo 71(4) 405-409
Perez-Mata A M (1999) Strongylids in Thoroughbred horses in the central region
of Venezuela I Monthly prevalence Veterinaria Tropical 24(1) 55-72
Pollein W (1989) Natural infections with stronglyes in stud horses with references
to the possibilities and limitations of serological examination Inaugural-
Dissertation Tieraztlichen Fakultat Ludwing-Maximilians Universitat Munich
Germany 79 pp
Principato M Piergili Fioretti D and moretti A (1984) Distribution and
prevalence of Gastrophilus spp in horses in Umbria Atti della societa Italiana
delle Science Veterinarie 38744-748
Proudman C J French N P and Trees A J (1998) Tapeworm infection is a
significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse
Equine Vet J 30 pp 194ndash199
Rahif R H and Atia A H (2002) Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus Batsch
1786) infection in donkeys epidemiological study Iraqi Journal of Veterinary
Sciences 16(2) 87-93
Rajesh Katoch Anish Yadav Vohra S Khajuria J K and Rajeev Singh
(2006) Effect of managemental practices on prevalence of ticks in equines of
Jammu Veterinary Practitioner 7(1) 19-20
Rashad S M (1981) The incidence of Babesia equi in horses and donkeys by the
use of haemagglutination test MD Thesis Cairo Univ
Rehbein S Visser M and Winter R (2002) Examination of faecal samples of
horses from Germany and Austria Pferdeheilkunde 18(5) 439-449
Reinemeyer C R Smith S A Gabel A A and Herd R P (1984) The
prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the USA Veterinary
Parasitology 15(1) 75-83
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-167-
Rkia Azlaf and Allal Dakkak (2006) Epidemiological study of the cystic
echinococcosis in Morocco Veterinary Parasitology 137(12) 83-93
Ribbeck R Heide H Schicht W and Hiepe T (1983) Parasitic fauna of the
German Democratic Republic VII Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae in horses
Angewandte Parasitologie 24(1) 39-49
Ribeiro M F B Costa J O and Guimaraes A M (1999) Epidemiological
aspects of Babesia equi in horses in Minas Gerais Brazil Veterinary Research
Communications 23(6) 385-390
Ricci N and Sabatini A (1992) Reports on the helminth parasites of the caecum
and colon of equids in Italy Parassitologia Roma 34(123) 53-60
Roberts M C and Cotchin E (1973) Globidium leuckarti in small intestine of
three horses Br Vet J 129 149-150
Rodriacuteguez-Bertos A Corchero J Castantildeo M Pentildea L Luzoacuten M and
Goacutemez-Bautista M (1999) Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala
perfoliata infection in the ileocecal junction of equids J Vet Med A 46 261ndash
269
Rodrigues M de L A Anjos D H S Souto-Maior M P Castro A A
Oliveira C R C and Luque J L (2000) Diversity of strongylid
infracommunities of the dorsal colon of Equus caballus from Rio de Janeiro
State Brazil Parasitologia al Dia 24(34) 92-96
Roelfstra L Betschart B and Pfister K (2006) A study on the seasonal
epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp infection in horses and the appropriate
treatment using praziquantel gel (Droncit 9 oral gel) Berliner und Munchener
Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 119(78) 312-315
Romaniuk K and Jaworski Z (2007) Course and dynamics of Werneckiella equi
invasion in primitive Polish horses Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63(7) 847-849
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-168-
Romaniuk K Jaworski Z and Golonka M (2007) Course of internal parasite
invasion in the primitive Polish horse herd from woodland breeding Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 63(1) 87-89
Romaniuk K Szymborska R Kal J and Karpinska A (2005) Outbreaks of
diptera in cows and primitive Polish horses maintained in pastures Medycyna
Weterynaryjna 61(3) 332-334
Rubilar L and San-Martin M (1982) Treatment of liver fluke infestation in the
horse with niclofolan Veterinary Medical Review (1) 76-82
Ruegg S R Torgerson P Deplazes P and Mathis A (2007) Age-dependent
dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia
based on IFAT andor PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks
Parasitology 134(7) 939-947
Ryu S H Bak U B Kim J G Yoon H J Seo H S Kim JT Park JY
and Lee CW (2001) Cecal rupture by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in a
thoroughbred horse in Seoul Race Park South Korea Journal of Vet Science
2(3)189-193
Sakla AA (1975) Studies on ticks in Assuit Governorate with special reference to
their role in transmission of parasitic diseases MD Thesis Vet Med Assuit
Univ
Sangioni L A Vidotto O Pereira B L and Bonezi G L (2000) Study of the
prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesions associated
with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze 1782) in abated equines from a
refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana - PR Revista Brasileira de
Parasitologia Veterinaria 9(2) 129-133
Santiago Mata O F (1986) Fasciola hepatica in the liver of horses slaughtered at
Iztapalapa abattoir during January ndash June 1984 Veterinaria Mexico 17(1) 78
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-169-
Santos N M Batista and Neto R E (1992) occurrence of helminthes in the
faeces of horses (Equus caballus) in Bahia State Brazil Arquivos da Escola de
Medicina Veterinaria da Universidade fedral da Bahia 15(1) 87-93
Sasaki H and Hayakawa H (1986) Note on the tabanid flies investigated at the
Tohbetsu municipal pasture in Hokkaido (Diptera Tabanidae) Journal of the
College of Dairying Japan 11(2) 485-491
SAS (1996) SAS procedure guide version 612th
Ed SAS institute Ine cary NC
USA
Savini G Battistini M L Scaramozzino P Tittarelli M and Molteni C
(1997) Equine babesiosis the situation in Italy Summa 14(4) 35-40
Scala A and Cancedda M (1996) Factors affecting the survival of wild horses
on the Giara tableland (Sardinia) endoparasitic diseases Atti del Convegno
Nazionale- Ecopatologia della Fauna Selvatica Bologna Italy 111-117
Selim M K El-Mawla b G el-Seify M A Abdel-Halim F rashad S M
And Ahmed Z G (1983) On the incidence and epidemiology of equine
babesiosis in relation to its tick vectors in Egypt Journal of the Egyptian
Veterinary Medical Association 43(14) 213-220
Sengupta P P and Yadav M P (2003) Prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminths
in equines in some hilly pockets of western Himalayas Indian Journal of Animal
Sciences73(4) 394-396
Senthilvel K and Jeyathilakan N (1995) Prevalence of sub-clinical gastro-
intestinal parasitism in donkeys (Equus acinus) Cheiron 24(1) 45-46
Shalaby SI (1987) Coprological and haematological studies on horses suffering
from parasitic diarrhea J Egypt Vet Med Ass 47(12)129-134
Shamsul-Islam A W M (1985) Prevalence of habronemiasis in horses in Zambia
Indian Journal of Parasitology 9(1) 65-66
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-170-
Sharma R L Bhattacharya D Rao G S C R and Laha R (1998) Rare
occurrence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch 1883) Reichenow 1940 in a donkey
(Asinus asinus) Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 7(1) 63-66
Sheaham B J (1976) Eimeria leuckarti infection in a thoroughbred foal Vet Rec
99213-214
Shen JianZhong Zhao XueZhong Jiang ZiKuan and Wu-GuangHua (1988) A
survey of the mosquitoes blood sucking midges and horse flies of Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng China Public Health ( 2) 73-
78
Silobad S (1987) Helminths of the digestive tract in horses at the Zobratica stud
farm Veterinarski Glasnik 41(5) 331-338
Silva A V M Santos H A and Costa H M A (1995) Cyathostominae
parasites of mules in some Brazilian states Revista de medicina veterinaria
76(2) 124-130
Silva A V M Moraes C F de A and Costa H M de A (1996) Habronema
and Draschia prevalence of infection among horses donkeys and mules in
certain States of Brazil Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal
Science 33(2) 89-96
Silva L H M Da and Serra Freire N M (1999) Survey of ixodids parasitizing
domestic animals in the county of Barra do Pirai state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Entomologia y Vectores 6(4) 441-454
Soraya Naem (2007) The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid
nematodes SEM observations Journal of parasitology research101(5) 1303-
1310
Sotiraki ST Badouvas A G and Himonas C A (1997) A survey on the
prevalence of internal parasites of equines in Macedonia and Thessalia-Greece
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 17(10) 550-552
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-171-
Soulsby E (1982) Helminths Arthropds and Protozoa of Domestic Animals 7th
edition 790p Balliere Tindall 1st Annes Road East bourne East Sussex BN21
Soulsby E J L (1988) Helmminths Arthropodes and Protozoa of domesticated
animals English Language book Society bailliere Tindall
Souza A D E and Serra-Freiere N M (1992) Seasonal variation in numbers of
adult of Amblyomma cajennense and Anocenter nitens as parasites of horses in
Itagual municipality RJ Brazil Revista Brasil Parasit Vet(1) 31-34
Souza A P de Bellato V Sartor A A and Silva A B (2000) Prevalence of
Babesia equi antibodies in horses in the Santa Catarina Plateau Brazil Ciencia
Rural 30(1) 119-121
Sturdee A P Bodley Tickell A T Archer A and Chalmers R M (2003)
Long-term study of Cryptosporidium prevalence on a lowland farm in the United
Kingdom Veterinary Parasitology 116(2) 97-113
Subbarayudu B Suryanarayana C and Ram-Rao (1995) Incidence of
strongylosis in equines Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15(1) 40
Subramanian H Saseendran P C Rajendran S Anil K S and Vijo TV
(2004) ffect of anthelmintics on two successive seasons among donkeys at
Sabarimala Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 18(2) 163-165
Svendsen E D (1997) Parasites abroad The professional hand book of the
donkey 3rd
edition Pp166-182 Whittet Books Limited 18 Anley Road
London W14 OBY Pp166-182
Sweeney H J (1990) The prevalence and pathogenicity of Gasterophilus
intestinalis larvae in horses in Ireland Irish Veterinary Journal 43(3) 67-73
Szell Z Toth J and Varga I (1999) Prevalence of internal parasites in horses in
Hungary as determined by faecal examination Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja
121(2) 70-74
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-172-
Tavassoli M Sodagar Skandarabadi M and Soltanalinejad F (2007) A
survey on cryptosporidial infection in horse in Urmia area northwestern Iran
Iranian-Journal-of-Veterinary-Research 8(1) 86-89
Taylor T S and Craig T M (1993) Lungworms in donkeys evaluation of
anthelmintics under field conditions Tequide Vet Sci 13(3)150-152
Teel PD Bay DE and Ajidagba PA (1988) Ecology distribution and host
relationships of ticks (Acari Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali Bull Of
Entomol Res 78(3) 407-424
Teglas M Matern E Lein S Foley P Mahan S M and Foley J (2005)
Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses Veterinary
Parasitology 131(12) 119-127
Tenter A M Otte M J Gonzalez C A and Abuabara Y (1988) Prevalence
of piroplasmosis in equines in the Colombian province of Cordoba Tropical
Animal Health and Production 20(2) 93-98
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1985) Species of small strongyles
and other internal parasites recovered from donkeys at necropsy in Kentucky
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52(2) 260-265
Tolliver S C Lyons E T and Drudge J H (1987) Prevalence of internal
parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year
period (1956-1983) in Kentucky Veterinary Parasitology 23(3-4) 273-284
Traversa D Iorio R Capelli G Paoletti B Bartolini R Otranto D and
Giangaspero A (2006) Molecular cross-sectional survey of gastric
habronemosis in horses Veterinary Parasitology 141(34) 285-290
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-173-
Tsai YuJen Fan ChiaKwung K Chung WenCheng C Wu YingLing and Hua-
Pan (1998) Survey of intestinal parasites of horses in Taipei city Journal of the
Chinese Society of Veterinary Science 24(2) 88-91
Urquhart G M Armour J A Duncan J L Dunn A M and Jennings F W
(1987) Veterinary Parasitology English Language Book Society Longman 285
pp
Uslu U and Guclu F (2006) Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in
Turkey Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puawy 51(2) 237-240
Valero M A Agustin-Darce N Panova M and Mas-Coma S (2001)
Relationships between host species and morphometric patterns in Fasciola
hepatica adults and eggs from the northern Bolivian Altiplano hyperendemic
region Veterinary Parasitology 102(12) 85-100
Vujic B Boskovic V Rabrenovic I and Zaric R (1983) Parasite fauna of
horses of the upland and mountainous regions of Serbia prevention and
treatment Veterinarski Glasnik 37(3) 209-214
Wadhwa D R Prasad B Mandial R K and Rao V N (1993) Endoparasitism
in equines of Himachal Pradesh - prevalence and clinical appraisal Centaur
Mylapore 10(1) 10-12
Williamson R M Gasser R B Middleton D and Beveridge I (1997) The
distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and
associated pathological changes Vet Parasitol 73(3-4)225-41
Wirtherle N Schnieder T and Samson-Himmelstjerna G von (2004)
Prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on horse farms in Germany Veterinary
Record 154(2) 39-41
Xiao L and Herd R P (1994) Epidemiology of equine Cryptosporidium and
Giardia infections Equine Veterinary Journal 26(1) 14-17
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128
References
-174-
Yoseph S Feseha G and Abebe W (2001) Survey on helminthosis of equines in
Wonchi Ethiopia Journal of the Ethiopian Veterinary Association 2001 5 47-
61
Yamagutti S (1961) Systemic Helminthum The Nematodes of vertebrates part II
Interscience Publishers I N C New York
Yatusevich A I and Sinyakov M P (2005) Problem of trichonematidosis in horse
breeding farms of the republic of Belarus Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Sciences Series (2) 89-91
Yoshihara T Oikawa M Hasegawa M Katayama Y and Kaneko M
(1994) Prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy from
racehorses in Japan Journal of Equine Science 5(1) 49-52
Zajicek D and Pavelkova Z (1987) Laboratory diagnosis of parasites in
Czechoslovakia in the years 1976-1985 II Pigs horses Veterinarstvi 37(6)
275-276
Zayed A A (1988) Biological studies on Gastrophilus species infecting donkeys in
Egypt Ph D Thesis Cairo Unive
Zumpt T F (1965) Morphology- Biology and pathogenesis of myiasis producing
flies Butter warths London 110-128