Reform Within NYCDOE
Presentation to EDLS3300 K
City College
May 2, 2011
Reform Within NYCDOE
Presenters:
Meredith HanderhanMonica RiveraVanessaSandra CainPaul Helgesen
History of Special Ed
What you will SEE
A Power Point Presentation1. History of Special Education2. Federal and Local (NYS) legislation affecting Special Ed3. History of the DOE, with the unique creation of District 754. Council of Great City Schools – Peer review (2008)5. NCBL compliance (The bombshell of 2010)6. The need for reform – bending the stick the other way, 7. Emphasis on: Inclusion8. The new architecture: The Continuum of Services9. New focus on the IEP
Reform Within NYCDOE
What you will HEAR
Presenters (In Order of Appearance)
Meredith Vanessa Monica Sandra Paul
Reform Within NYCDOE
What you may READ
The paper forming the backbone of this presentation is approximately 40 pages.
In order to save trees, we have archived the paper for your benefit. (URL referenced in your one-page summary)
Reform Within NYCDOE
What you can ACCESS
Our bibliography, including archived copies of key source documents.
In order to save trees, we have archived the bibliography and copies of the key source documents for your benefit. (URL referenced in your one-page summary)
History of Special Ed
And now, without further ado, we will start our presentation.
Meredith will address the HISTORY of Special Education._________________________________________________
A Brief History of Special Education inNew York City and the United States:
A glimpse at the work that pioneered Special Education in the United States and New York.
“Educational Equality is the Civil Rights issue of our time…”
- Barack Obama
History of Special Education
Introduction: a look at where it all began in the United States First publicly and privately funded schools for the disabled The uprising of Advocacy groups for the disabled 1965 and Title VI (OSEP) 1973-1975 and the development of Section 504, FERPA, EAHCA/IDEA History of Special education in NYC and creation of D75 NYC specific reform: AFC, Rudy Crew and the Special Education Wasteland of the 1980’s and 1990’s Further Development of IDEA NCLB
Reform Within NYCDOE
Principles of IDEA Free Appropriate Public Education Least Restrictive Environment Find Child Special Education Services (The Continuum) Related Services Special Education Teacher Support Services Collaborative Team Teaching Special Class Services State Education Department Approved Non-Public Schools State Operated and Supported Schools Home and Hospital Instruction
Continuum of Services
Continuum of Services
Continuum of Services
Continuum of Services
Reform Within NYCDOE
Working on a Broken System
Academic Gap between children with a disability and non-disabled children The Purpose of Special Education The “New Continuum”
Reform Within District 75
Compliance with No Child Left Behind
Citywide statistics - DOE
The goal of NCLB is to have 100 percent of students proficient by 2013-14
Federal Legislation
The goal of NCLB is to have 100 percent of students proficient by 2013-14
Federal Legislation
So how did New York City fare on this upward-spiraling, noble and extremely aggressive objective?
Throughout 2009, in Math, NY Citylooks compliant – EVEN AHEAD
of the curve
Nice annual Increments
From 2006 to 2009
NOTE: “Passing” is considered “proficient”
OOPS
What happened In 2010
A DROP Of 27%
In Math Proficiency
OOPS
But it gets
WORSE
The Gist of the Special Ed/District 75 Reform Initiative
Reform Within NYCDOE
The Action Plan
• The need for reform• The five principles• Action plan• Support Systems• Issues to be resolved
District 75 – 23,000 studentsSpecial Ed – Community Schools 141,000General Ed – 970,000 students
Special Education164,000 students39% of total Budget
General Education970,000 students61% of total Budget
DOE Annual Budget$21,000,000,000
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Legal Framework:
Created under IDEAAn IEP forms the cornerstone of the education of any student referred as a Special Education Student
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
autism deaf-blindness deafness hearing impairment emotional disturbance learning disability mental retardation (Intellectual disability)
multiple disabilities orthopedic impairment other health impairment speech or language impairment traumatic brain injury visual impairment including blindness
Classification of disabilities
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Josue, age 12, attends a NYC public school. He has a disabilityIs Josue automatically referred to Special Education ?
Rhetorical Inquiry # 1
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Josue, age 12, attends a NYC public school. He has a disabilityIs Josue automatically referred to Special Education ?
Rhetorical Inquiry # 1
AnswerNot necessarily.Josue’s disability must be one of the 12 SPECIFIC qualifying disabilities to even clear that first of several prerequisites for obtaining an IEP
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Elijah, age 13, attends a NYC public school. He is diagnosed with autismHis teachers and AP recommend him for a “Special School”Is Elijah automatically referred to Special Education?
Rhetorical Inquiry # 2
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Elijah, age 13, attends a NYC public school. He is diagnosed with autismHis teachers and AP recommend him for a “Special School”Is Elijah automatically referred to Special Education? AnswerNot necessarily.A student’s parent is an important member of the IEP team.If the parent disagrees, the balance of the IEP team has no power to enroll Elijah in Special Education
Rhetorical Inquiry # 2
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Edwin, age 10, attends a NYC public school (General Ed)He has been absent from school for long, protracted periods every school year since he came to New York City from the Dominican Republic.Now in fourth Grade, Edwin reads at the pre-K levelHe appears learning-disabledHis ELA teacher recommends Spec Ed and Edwin’s Mother agrees.
Will Edwin automatically be referred to Special Education?
Rhetorical Inquiry # 3
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Edwin, age 10, attends a NYC public school (General Ed)He has been absent from school for long, protracted periods every school year since he came to New York City from the Dominican Republic.Now in fourth Grade, Edwin reads at the pre-K levelHe appears learning-disabledHis ELA teacher recommends Spec Ed and Edwin’s Mother agrees.Will Edwin automatically be referred to Special Education? Answer Not necessarilyEven though Edwin may be classified as Learning Disabled, he may not be eligible for Special Ed.If his reading performance is deemed to be based on inadequate instruction, he falls outside the purview of Special Education
Rhetorical Inquiry # 3
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Edwin, age 10, attends a NYC public school (General Ed)He has been absent from school for long, protracted periods every school year since he came to New York City from the Dominican Republic.Now in fourth Grade, Edwin reads at the pre-K levelHe appears learning-disabled and there is no evidence his language instruction has been insufficient. His ELA teacher feels Edwin is a “slow learner” and recommends Spec Ed. Edwin’s Mother agrees.
Will Edwin automatically be referred to Special Education?
Rhetorical Inquiry #4
The Individualized Education Program - IEP
Edwin, age 10, attends a NYC public school (General Ed)He has been absent from school for long, protracted periods every school year since he came to New York City from the Dominican Republic.Now in fourth Grade, Edwin reads at the pre-K levelHe appears learning-disabled and there is no evidence his language instruction has been insufficient. His ELA teacher feels Edwin is a “slow learner” and recommends Spec Ed. Edwin’s Mother agrees.
Will Edwin automatically be referred to Special Education?
Answer: Discussion
Rhetorical Inquiry #4
Reform Within NYCDOE
Presenters:
Meredith Handerhan
Monica Rivera
Vanessa
Sandra Cain
Paul Helgesen