RESISTANCE TO MODERNITYObjective…• Describe the major areas of cultural

change in the 1920s.

• Describe the resistance to cultural

change in the 1920s..

ProhibitionComplete the following based on your

homework & the slides provided….

1) Identify the six most important concepts that your class should know regarding

the Prohibition era.NO STATISTICS…. Generalize or make factual inferences

based on statistics

Prohibition is an issue from WWI…

Prohibition …“The noble experiment”

18th Amendment…

29) The Volstead Act of 1919...

30) How well was prohibition enforced?

The Volstead Act…

The “speakeasy’…

...

Per Capita Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages 1910-1929                    .

32) How much did drinking decrease & what groups increased their drinking?

“I believe this diabolical thing- Prohibition was brought about by old maids, broken down preachers and politicians, rack-eteers, grafters and others looking for notoriety, and its administration is conducted by much the same class. Legislation by hypocrites- administration by grafters- is the politics of America. I believe that whiskey is the least harmful, and best all-round remedy we have in pharmacopeia.”

-Dr. Harry L. Randal

Prohibition 31) What effect did prohibition

have on organized crime?

Crime got worse… •Police funding: $11.4 Million •Arrests for Drunkenness: 41% •Arrests of Drunken Drivers: 81% •Homicides, Assault & Battery: 13% •Number of Federal Convicts: 561% •Federal Prison Population: 366% •Expenditures on prisons: 1,000%

Al “Scarface” Capone1899-1947

Chicago gang leader…“The most notorious gangster in the

history of the nation”

"I make my money by supplying a public demand. If I break the law, my customers who number

hundreds of the best people in Chicago, are as guilty as I am. The only difference is that I sell

and they buy. Everybody calls me a racketeer. I call myself a businessman.“ - Al Capone

Capone’s income by 1929…100 million per year…

– $60,000,000 Speakeasies, distilleries & breweries)– $25,000,000 (Gambling– $10,000,000 (Brothels) – $10,000,000 other rackets

600 gangster employees

1925-1930 2010

Capone’s Earnings $100 Million $1.1 Billion

Ruth’s Earnings $110 K $1.2 Million

Hoover’s Salary $80 K $860 K

American Salary $2 K $22 K

The fall of Al Capone…• 1931 convicted of tax evasion • 11 years in prison… sent to Alcatraz • Released 1939.. No longer able to sell

illegal alcohol• Weak health… the effects of VD • Died in 1947 (Age 49)

The St. Valentines Day Massacre

Prohibition humor:

“Among the Bootleggers”

RESISTANCE TO MODERNITY

Objective…

Summarize the areas of resistance to the cultural changes of the 1920s.

Immigration Restriction

33) Why restrict immigration?….

What immigrants were targeted?...

34) How did Madison Grant in his work, The Passing of the Great Race, reinforce anti-immigrant bias?...

35) Restrictions embodied in the 1921 Immigration Act…

Restrictions embodied in the Johnson-Reed Immigration Act of 1924?...

The Sacco & Vanzetti CaseNicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti…

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdstXviXwYA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3SuTTcj2u8

The Klan Rises Again…4.5 million members in 1924

“100% Americanism”

6) What attitudes & beliefs supported the KKK’s motto of “100 percent Americanism?”

Primary Document Analysis& Role Play

Ku Klux Klan: Letters to the Government

Objective…To describe the activities of the Ku Klux Klan during the 1920’s.

Role-playPART I:• The setting is President Coolidge’s Oval Office• The date is early 1928. • In an effort to learn more about the KKK, the President

has invited one member of your group to meet with him. – Remember you are the author of your letter.– Members of your group help you develop your ideas.

• You have 3 minutes to speak to him about the Klan. • As you listen to each speaker, take notes on what is

being said.PART II:• Return to your groups and serve as advisors to the

president and formulate an official White House statement about the Ku Klux Klan.

• Each group’s statement should be approx. four sentences in length.

KKK Rally K.K.K. Meeting 1923

1925: Anti-immigration march in N.J.

1923: Postcard

                                              

1924: KKK Spring festival

1925: 50,000 KKK members marching in Washington, DC

I. II.

III.IV.

V.

The Ku Klux Klan36) What caused the resurgence of the KKK?...

The targets of the new Klan?...

37) How did it expand its scope and use new techniques of communication?...

38) How did the Klan present itself?

39) Where and when was it the most powerful?

40) What were the various reasons it lost influence?

The Tulsa, Oklahoma Race RiotsMay 31 & June 1, 1921

“one of the worst race riots in U.S. history”

• 301 dead • 1,500 African American homes, 600

businesses destroyed• Additionally, 21 churches, 21

restaurants, 30 stores, 2 theaters, a hospital, a bank, a post office, libraries & schools.

• The cause…

The Tulsa, Oklahoma Race RiotsJune, 1921

Religious Fundamentalismv.

Modernists

The Scopes Trial

V.

Religious Fundamentalism

41) The nature of the fundamentalist revival in the1920s…

42) - The target of fundamentalists…

- The target of modernists (Darwinists)…

“The Monkey Trial”• Fundamentalists…• The Holy Bible• State of TE –Butler Act• Wm. J. Bryan…

• Modernists…• Charles Darwin &

Evolution…• ACLU…• John Scopes…• Clarence Darrow…

Butler Act – “for any teacher in any of the public schools of the state to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as

taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals.”

Clarence Darrow vs. Wm J. Bryan Modernist - Fundamentalist

Defense - Prosecution

John Scopes

- Defendant

Two categories:Prosecution Defense

• ACLU• Fundamentalists• Charles Darwin• John Scopes • Modernists

• Clarence Darrow• Holy Bible

• Origin of the Species• State of Tennessee

• Butler Act• Wm J. Bryan

• Evolution

What is the significance of this trial?

Two categories:Prosecutions Defense

• ACLU• Fundamentalists• Charles Darwin

• Jon Scopes • Modernists

• Clarence Darrow• Holy Bible

• Origin of the Species• State of Tennessee

• Butler Act• Wm J. Bryan

• Evolution

What is the significance of this trial?

We aren't even holding our own

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.