54
Georgia Institute of Technology Results of URM Runs with Updated Stack Parameters and Corrected Secondary Organic Aerosols Talat Odman, James Boylan, James Wilkinson, Ted Russell
Results of URM Runs with Updated Stack Parameters and Corrected Secondary Organic Aerosols
Talat Odman, James Boylan,James Wilkinson, Ted Russell
Outline
URM Modeling Run for the July 1995 Episode with Updated Stack Parameters and Corrected Secondary Organic AerosolsUpdated Results vs. Old ResultsPerformance EvaluationURM Model Results for the July 2010 Episode1995 vs. 2010 OTWStatus of Other SAMI EpisodesConclusions
Updated July 1995 EpisodeCorrected Stack Parameters in Emission FilesMost changes in Tennessee and KentuckyCorrected Organic AerosolsSecondary Formation was not properly treatedChanges in organic aerosols, PM2.5, and PM10
Maximum Ozone on July 11, 1995
Maximum Ozone on July 13, 1995
Maximum Ozone on July 15, 1995
Maximum Ozone on July 18, 1995
Ozone Performance
Fine Sulfate on July 12, 1995
Fine Sulfate on July 15, 1995
Fine Nitrate on July 12, 1995
Fine Nitrate on July 15, 1995
Fine Organics on July 15, 1995
Fine Sulfate Performance
SO2
SulfateSO2Total SRatio
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
8.659.571.984.725.479.410.530.34
13.8016.150.62.055.377.80.860.66
7.003.525.337.79.3111.170.250.1
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
6.144.480.520.652.732.260.750.63
2.623.200.350.491.341.70.650.62
3.842.970.331.011.712.320.750.43
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
10.609.311.961.986.095.590.580.54
23.2018.925.634.0515.1111.60.510.54
5.174.155.373.268.755.650.20.25
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SO2
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Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Sulfate
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Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Nitrate
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Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
Ammonium
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Model
S(SO4)/TS
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Organics
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Model
S(SO4)/TS
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Carbon
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Model
S(SO4)/TS
Shenandoah National Park
Soils
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SO2 (ppb)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
PM2.5
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Model
SO2 (ppb)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
PM10
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SO2 (ppb)
Shenandoah National Park
PM_C
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TS (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Wet_Dep
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TS (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Bias_Error
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TS (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
Sheet12
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ8.6314.10
5July 12WV12.3412.3012.300.040.330.040.33
7July 12TN9.948.658.651.2914.911.2914.91
8July 12VA9.639.199.190.444.790.444.79
9July 12VT5.613.00
10July 12KY11.7812.1012.10-0.32-2.640.322.64
12July 12GA4.226.146.14-1.92-31.271.9231.27
13July 12SC4.186.976.97-2.79-40.032.7940.03
14July 12VA11.4910.6010.600.898.400.898.40
15July 12NC8.439.319.31-0.88-9.450.889.45
16July 12AL
17July 12AR2.444.64
18July 12DC13.669.939.933.7337.563.7337.56
9.470.05-1.931.3716.60
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ10.4019.10
5July 15WV23.5322.3022.301.235.521.235.52
7July 15TN16.8113.8013.803.0121.813.0121.81
8July 15VA17.6218.7018.70-1.08-5.781.085.78
9July 15VT
10July 15KY18.1615.9015.902.2614.212.2614.21
12July 15GA3.462.622.620.8432.060.8432.06
13July 15SC3.984.184.18-0.20-4.780.204.78
14July 15VA20.6923.2023.20-2.51-10.822.5110.82
15July 15NC13.3514.3014.30-0.95-6.640.956.64
16July 15AL10.3514.3014.30-3.95-27.623.9527.62
17July 15AR6.159.01
18July 15DC16.6919.9019.90-3.21-16.133.2116.13
14.92-0.460.181.9214.54
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ7.747.91
5July 19WV3.585.225.22-1.64-31.421.6431.42
7July 19TN3.587.007.00-3.42-48.863.4248.86
8July 19VA4.326.656.65-2.33-35.042.3335.04
9July 19VT4.861.65
10July 19KY2.0910.1010.10-8.01-79.318.0179.31
12July 19GA3.093.843.84-0.75-19.530.7519.53
13July 19SC3.551.721.721.83106.401.83106.40
14July 19VA4.935.175.17-0.24-4.640.244.64
15July 19NC6.765.915.910.8514.380.8514.38
16July 19AL
17July 19AR2.145.17
18July 19DC5.898.718.71-2.82-32.382.8232.38
6.04-1.84-14.492.4341.33
&C&"Book Antiqua,Regular"&14Figure 3Sulfate Aerosols
Sheet12
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Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
Sheet13
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Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
Sheet14
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Model
Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
Sheet15
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Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
Sheet16
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
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00
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Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
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Sulfate (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
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Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.070.56
5July 12WV0.120.220.22-0.10-45.450.1045.45
7July 12TN0.380.150.150.23153.330.23153.33
8July 12VA0.370.250.250.1248.000.1248.00
9July 12VT0.170.18
10July 12KY2.340.120.122.221850.002.221850.00
12July 12GA0.140.250.25-0.11-44.000.1144.00
13July 12SC0.030.320.32-0.29-90.630.2990.63
14July 12VA0.990.230.230.76330.430.76330.43
15July 12NC0.350.190.190.1684.210.1684.21
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.120.29
18July 12DC2.040.470.471.57334.041.57334.04
0.240.51291.100.62331.12
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.020.50
5July 15WV0.000.250.25-0.25-100.000.25100.00
7July 15TN0.180.130.130.0538.460.0538.46
8July 15VA0.110.320.32-0.21-65.630.2165.63
9July 15VT
10July 15KY1.540.200.201.34670.001.34670.00
12July 15GA0.020.160.16-0.14-87.500.1487.50
13July 15SC0.000.350.35-0.35-100.000.35100.00
14July 15VA0.590.290.290.30103.450.30103.45
15July 15NC0.040.210.21-0.17-80.950.1780.95
16July 15AL0.120.200.20-0.08-40.000.0840.00
17July 15AR0.440.17
18July 15DC0.730.480.480.2552.080.2552.08
0.260.0738.990.31133.81
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ0.070.36
5July 19WV0.210.290.29-0.08-27.590.0827.59
7July 19TN0.370.190.190.1894.740.1894.74
8July 19VA0.240.390.39-0.15-38.460.1538.46
9July 19VT0.030.25
10July 19KY0.320.150.150.17113.330.17113.33
12July 19GA0.230.190.190.0421.050.0421.05
13July 19SC0.190.310.31-0.12-38.710.1238.71
14July 19VA0.460.440.440.024.550.024.55
15July 19NC0.340.270.270.0725.930.0725.93
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.110.15
18July 19DC1.140.290.290.85293.100.85293.10
0.280.1149.770.1973.05
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July 12, 1995
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July 15, 1995
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Model
Obs.
Station
Nitrate (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
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Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ1.965.452.81
5July 12WV2.644.682.374.68-2.04-43.552.0443.55
7July 12TN3.213.291.673.29-0.08-2.350.082.35
8July 12VA2.843.521.803.52-0.68-19.290.6819.29
9July 12VT1.811.180.61
10July 12KY3.634.572.304.57-0.94-20.610.9420.61
12July 12GA1.502.381.222.38-0.88-36.840.8836.84
13July 12SC1.262.711.402.71-1.45-53.451.4553.45
14July 12VA3.834.042.054.04-0.21-5.240.215.24
15July 12NC2.503.551.803.55-1.05-29.511.0529.51
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.911.820.95
18July 12DC4.053.862.003.860.194.920.194.92
3.62-0.79-22.880.8323.97
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4
3July 15NJ2.197.313.73
5July 15WV2.968.444.258.44-5.48-64.915.4864.91
7July 15TN4.185.212.635.21-1.03-19.811.0319.81
8July 15VA4.387.113.607.11-2.73-38.362.7338.36
9July 15VT
10July 15KY5.676.023.046.02-0.35-5.820.355.82
12July 15GA1.031.030.541.030.000.100.000.10
13July 15SC1.061.670.891.67-0.61-36.490.6136.49
14July 15VA5.148.784.438.78-3.64-41.493.6441.49
15July 15NC3.175.422.745.42-2.25-41.552.2541.55
16July 15AL3.045.422.745.42-2.38-43.922.3843.92
17July 15AR2.433.431.74
18July 15DC4.647.603.877.60-2.96-38.962.9638.96
5.67-2.14-33.122.1433.14
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4
3July 19NJ2.313.071.59
5July 19WV1.182.041.062.04-0.86-42.200.8642.20
7July 19TN1.352.681.372.68-1.33-49.631.3349.63
8July 19VA1.552.611.362.61-1.06-40.541.0640.54
9July 19VT1.480.690.38
10July 19KY0.843.831.943.83-2.99-78.072.9978.07
12July 19GA1.181.500.781.50-0.32-21.080.3221.08
13July 19SC1.300.740.410.740.5776.870.5776.87
14July 19VA1.632.071.102.07-0.44-21.120.4421.12
15July 19NC1.752.291.192.29-0.54-23.740.5423.74
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.801.981.01
18July 19DC2.283.351.723.35-1.07-31.951.0731.95
2.34-0.89-25.721.0242.80
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July 12, 1995
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July 15, 1995
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Station
Ammonium (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
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00
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Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
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Ammonium (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
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00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
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00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
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00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
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00
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(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ2.026.03
5July 12WV1.166.506.50-5.34-82.145.3482.14
7July 12TN2.715.045.04-2.33-46.232.3346.23
8July 12VA1.247.877.87-6.63-84.246.6384.24
9July 12VT2.173.85
10July 12KY2.614.094.09-1.48-36.151.4836.15
12July 12GA1.602.442.44-0.84-34.320.8434.32
13July 12SC1.383.233.23-1.85-57.331.8557.33
14July 12VA1.368.868.86-7.50-84.657.5084.65
15July 12NC1.505.115.11-3.61-70.653.6170.65
16July 12AL
17July 12AR1.587.55
18July 12DC4.0910.1410.14-6.05-59.656.0559.65
5.92-3.96-61.713.9661.71
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ1.2810.42
5July 15WV1.165.155.15-3.99-77.483.9977.48
7July 15TN2.176.716.71-4.54-67.644.5467.64
8July 15VA1.177.747.74-6.57-84.896.5784.89
9July 15VT
10July 15KY2.154.284.28-2.13-49.812.1349.81
12July 15GA1.162.412.41-1.25-51.831.2551.83
13July 15SC0.941.551.55-0.61-39.510.6139.51
14July 15VA1.296.926.92-5.63-81.355.6381.35
15July 15NC1.247.247.24-6.00-82.876.0082.87
16July 15AL1.324.734.73-3.41-72.103.4172.10
17July 15AR1.366.87
18July 15DC2.798.978.97-6.18-68.916.1868.91
5.57-4.03-67.644.0367.64
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ1.304.00
5July 19WV0.933.073.07-2.14-69.672.1469.67
7July 19TN2.444.164.16-1.72-41.321.7241.32
8July 19VA1.024.104.10-3.08-75.133.0875.13
9July 19VT1.301.83
10July 19KY1.903.003.00-1.10-36.581.1036.58
12July 19GA1.621.781.78-0.16-8.890.168.89
13July 19SC0.941.741.74-0.80-45.850.8045.85
14July 19VA0.963.083.08-2.12-68.832.1268.83
15July 19NC1.084.164.16-3.08-74.033.0874.03
16July 19AL
17July 19AR1.315.12
18July 19DC3.663.603.600.061.720.061.72
3.19-1.57-46.511.5846.89
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July 12, 1995
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July 15, 1995
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Station
Organics (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
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00
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Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
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00
00
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Organics (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
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00
00
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Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.490.69
5July 12WV0.271.791.79-1.52-84.921.5284.92
7July 12TN0.870.580.580.2950.000.2950.00
8July 12VA0.330.730.73-0.40-54.790.4054.79
9July 12VT0.480.49
10July 12KY0.690.560.560.1323.210.1323.21
12July 12GA0.320.340.34-0.02-5.880.025.88
13July 12SC0.260.350.35-0.09-25.710.0925.71
14July 12VA0.370.610.61-0.24-39.340.2439.34
15July 12NC0.350.570.57-0.22-38.600.2238.60
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.360.52
18July 12DC2.382.722.72-0.34-12.500.3412.50
0.92-0.27-20.950.3637.22
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.371.16
5July 15WV0.290.650.65-0.36-55.380.3655.38
7July 15TN0.760.650.650.1116.920.1116.92
8July 15VA0.350.840.84-0.49-58.330.4958.33
9July 15VT
10July 15KY0.680.520.520.1630.770.1630.77
12July 15GA0.200.320.32-0.12-37.500.1237.50
13July 15SC0.150.300.30-0.15-50.000.1550.00
14July 15VA0.360.860.86-0.50-58.140.5058.14
15July 15NC0.350.500.50-0.15-30.000.1530.00
16July 15AL0.330.880.88-0.55-62.500.5562.50
17July 15AR0.350.41
18July 15DC1.451.891.89-0.44-23.280.4423.28
0.74-0.25-32.740.3042.28
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ0.410.70
5July 19WV0.220.380.38-0.16-42.110.1642.11
7July 19TN0.870.400.400.47117.500.47117.50
8July 19VA0.310.560.56-0.25-44.640.2544.64
9July 19VT0.330.23
10July 19KY0.580.310.310.2787.100.2787.10
12July 19GA0.360.480.48-0.12-25.000.1225.00
13July 19SC0.170.150.150.0213.330.0213.33
14July 19VA0.260.390.39-0.13-33.330.1333.33
15July 19NC0.270.400.40-0.13-32.500.1332.50
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.320.42
18July 19DC2.421.061.061.36128.301.36128.30
0.460.1518.740.3258.20
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.860.48
5July 12WV0.510.480.480.036.250.036.25
7July 12TN3.280.570.572.71475.442.71475.44
8July 12VA0.760.670.670.0913.430.0913.43
9July 12VT1.230.20
10July 12KY1.730.420.421.31311.901.31311.90
12July 12GA0.810.510.510.3058.820.3058.82
13July 12SC0.460.410.410.0512.200.0512.20
14July 12VA0.990.490.490.50102.040.50102.04
15July 12NC0.570.650.65-0.08-12.310.0812.31
16July 12AL
17July 12AR1.211.30
18July 12DC7.030.690.696.34918.846.34918.84
0.541.25209.621.27212.36
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.761.59
5July 15WV0.491.061.06-0.57-53.770.5753.77
7July 15TN2.720.670.672.05305.972.05305.97
8July 15VA0.701.071.07-0.37-34.580.3734.58
9July 15VT
10July 15KY1.900.570.571.33233.331.33233.33
12July 15GA0.690.410.410.2868.290.2868.29
13July 15SC0.300.420.42-0.12-28.570.1228.57
14July 15VA0.961.401.40-0.44-31.430.4431.43
15July 15NC0.630.710.71-0.08-11.270.0811.27
16July 15AL1.250.690.690.5681.160.5681.16
17July 15AR1.100.92
18July 15DC4.421.471.472.95200.682.95200.68
0.850.5672.980.88104.91
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ1.090.46
5July 19WV0.480.390.390.0923.080.0923.08
7July 19TN3.590.580.583.01518.973.01518.97
8July 19VA0.850.540.540.3157.410.3157.41
9July 19VT1.120.17
10July 19KY2.050.610.611.44236.071.44236.07
12July 19GA1.700.220.221.48672.731.48672.73
13July 19SC0.430.110.110.32290.910.32290.91
14July 19VA0.820.430.430.3990.700.3990.70
15July 19NC0.520.500.500.024.000.024.00
16July 19AL
17July 19AR1.210.76
18July 19DC8.690.790.797.901000.007.901000.00
0.461.66321.541.66321.54
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Conc. (ug/m3)
Day 193
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ14.1431.00
5July 12WV17.1031.7031.70-14.60-46.0614.6046.06
7July 12TN20.6324.1024.10-3.47-14.403.4714.40
8July 12VA15.2428.0028.00-12.76-45.5712.7645.57
9July 12VT11.6312.50
10July 12KY22.8837.0037.00-14.12-38.1614.1238.16
12July 12GA8.7012.6012.60-3.90-30.953.9030.95
13July 12SC7.6815.5015.50-7.82-50.457.8250.45
14July 12VA19.1330.8030.80-11.67-37.8911.6737.89
15July 12NC13.7623.4023.40-9.64-41.209.6441.20
16July 12AL
17July 12AR6.7221.60
18July 12DC33.8839.1039.10-5.22-13.355.2213.35
26.91-9.24-35.349.2435.34
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ15.1260.50
5July 15WV28.4943.1043.10-14.61-33.9014.6133.90
7July 15TN27.0135.0035.00-7.99-22.837.9922.83
8July 15VA24.4035.7035.70-11.30-31.6511.3031.65
9July 15VT
10July 15KY30.1935.4035.40-5.21-14.725.2114.72
12July 15GA6.668.188.18-1.52-18.581.5218.58
13July 15SC6.529.739.73-3.21-32.993.2132.99
14July 15VA29.1044.9044.90-15.80-35.1915.8035.19
15July 15NC18.8438.9038.90-20.06-51.5720.0651.57
16July 15AL17.0628.7028.70-11.64-40.5611.6440.56
17July 15AR11.9025.00
18July 15DC31.1054.6054.60-23.50-43.0423.5043.04
33.42-11.48-32.5011.4832.50
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ13.0319.10
5July 19WV6.6512.9012.90-6.25-48.456.2548.45
7July 19TN12.4616.5016.50-4.04-24.484.0424.48
8July 19VA8.3617.6017.60-9.24-52.509.2452.50
9July 19VT9.237.56
10July 19KY7.8719.8019.80-11.93-60.2511.9360.25
12July 19GA8.338.038.030.303.740.303.74
13July 19SC6.686.686.680.000.000.000.00
14July 19VA9.1114.1014.10-4.99-35.394.9935.39
15July 19NC10.7711.7011.70-0.93-7.950.937.95
16July 19AL
17July 19AR5.9916.30
18July 19DC24.7620.0020.004.7623.804.7623.80
14.15-3.59-22.394.7228.51
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ22.2843.50
5July 12WV25.0638.0038.00-12.94-34.0512.9434.05
7July 12TN32.9936.1036.10-3.11-8.613.118.61
8July 12VA23.2832.0032.00-8.72-27.258.7227.25
9July 12VT19.8714.00
10July 12KY
12July 12GA14.5320.6020.60-6.07-29.476.0729.47
13July 12SC13.1925.0025.00-11.81-47.2411.8147.24
14July 12VA28.2733.3033.30-5.03-15.115.0315.11
15July 12NC21.4926.3026.30-4.81-18.294.8118.29
16July 12AL
17July 12AR15.5029.50
18July 12DC61.0445.2045.2015.8435.0415.8435.04
32.06-4.58-18.128.5426.88
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ24.2976.90
5July 15WV39.1747.3047.30-8.13-17.198.1317.19
7July 15TN39.0942.6042.60-3.51-8.243.518.24
8July 15VA33.4741.7041.70-8.23-19.748.2319.74
9July 15VT
10July 15KY
12July 15GA11.8115.6015.60-3.79-24.293.7924.29
13July 15SC11.3716.2016.20-4.83-29.814.8329.81
14July 15VA40.1363.1063.10-22.97-36.4022.9736.40
15July 15NC26.7944.0044.00-17.21-39.1117.2139.11
16July 15AL26.1646.5046.50-20.34-43.7420.3443.74
17July 15AR20.8134.40
18July 15DC50.7965.7065.70-14.91-22.6914.9122.69
42.52-11.55-26.8011.5526.80
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ22.1127.70
5July 19WV12.6716.4016.40-3.73-22.743.7322.74
7July 19TN24.3324.5024.50-0.17-0.690.170.69
8July 19VA15.6420.8020.80-5.16-24.815.1624.81
9July 19VT17.028.23
10July 19KY18.1124.8024.80-6.69-26.986.6926.98
12July 19GA15.5518.8018.80-3.25-17.293.2517.29
13July 19SC12.1028.5028.50-16.40-57.5416.4057.54
14July 19VA16.3921.4021.40-5.01-23.415.0123.41
15July 19NC17.3221.7021.70-4.38-20.184.3820.18
16July 19AL
17July 19AR14.5024.50
18July 19DC54.8325.5025.5029.33115.0229.33115.02
22.49-1.72-8.748.2434.30
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM10 (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM10 (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM10 (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM10 (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ8.1412.50
5July 12WV7.966.306.301.6626.351.6626.35
7July 12TN12.3612.0012.000.363.000.363.00
8July 12VA8.044.004.004.04101.004.04101.00
9July 12VT8.241.50
10July 12KY
12July 12GA5.838.008.00-2.17-27.132.1727.13
13July 12SC5.519.509.50-3.99-42.003.9942.00
14July 12VA9.142.502.506.64265.606.64265.60
15July 12NC7.732.902.904.83166.554.83166.55
16July 12AL
17July 12AR8.787.90
18July 12DC27.166.106.1021.06345.2521.06345.25
6.414.05104.835.59122.11
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ9.1716.40
5July 15WV10.684.204.206.48154.296.48154.29
7July 15TN12.087.607.604.4858.954.4858.95
8July 15VA9.076.006.003.0751.173.0751.17
9July 15VT
10July 15KY
12July 15GA5.157.427.42-2.27-30.592.2730.59
13July 15SC4.856.476.47-1.62-25.041.6225.04
14July 15VA11.0318.2018.20-7.17-39.407.1739.40
15July 15NC7.955.105.102.8555.882.8555.88
16July 15AL9.1017.8017.80-8.70-48.888.7048.88
17July 15AR8.919.40
18July 15DC19.6911.1011.108.5977.398.5977.39
9.320.6328.205.0360.17
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ9.088.60
5July 19WV6.023.503.502.5272.002.5272.00
7July 19TN11.878.008.003.8748.383.8748.38
8July 19VA7.283.203.204.08127.504.08127.50
9July 19VT7.790.67
10July 19KY10.245.005.005.24104.805.24104.80
12July 19GA7.2210.7710.77-3.55-32.963.5532.96
13July 19SC5.4221.8221.82-16.40-75.1616.4075.16
14July 19VA7.287.307.30-0.02-0.270.020.27
15July 19NC6.5510.0010.00-3.45-34.503.4534.50
16July 19AL
17July 19AR8.518.20
18July 19DC30.075.505.5024.57446.7324.57446.73
8.341.8772.957.08104.70
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM_C (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM_C (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM_C (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
0
0
0
&A
Page &P
Model
Conc (ug/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
13.669.93
16.6919.9
5.898.71
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Conc (ug/m3)
Washington, D.C.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
PM_C (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY46.81731.23631.1000.140.440.140.448.8437.7827.660
NC32.92583.499165.556-82.06-49.5682.0649.5614.9914.1202.990
NC14.453114.795119.329-4.53-3.804.533.808.9303.3733.240
TN14.95850.57548.7161.863.821.863.826.2107.7189.140
VA232.24034.58031.0903.4911.233.4911.2312.4217.2694.080
VA32.98148.63946.7971.843.941.843.9411.35410.48510.240
VA47.30418.9377.38111.56156.5611.56156.5611.8218.1162.420
WV58.88929.05427.8521.204.321.204.3212.8449.3084.060
WV31.66184.153106.198-22.05-20.7622.0520.769.8508.4204.310
64.89-9.8411.8014.3028.27
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY13.85016.85217.458-0.61-3.470.613.472.6163.7014.300
NC4.36613.19479.179-65.98-83.3465.9883.341.9881.4901.430
NC2.51525.33054.508-29.18-53.5329.1853.531.5541.4791.480
TN3.35819.30224.944-5.64-22.625.6422.621.3944.4314.680
VA45.22418.13016.6881.448.641.448.642.4192.1872.190
VA8.42218.73717.6861.055.941.055.942.8993.8643.870
VA11.1897.2247.259-0.04-0.490.040.492.7962.3372.380
WV17.18317.18318.110-0.93-5.120.935.123.7482.6132.640
WV10.89128.54674.413-45.87-61.6445.8761.643.3883.0413.020
34.47-16.19-23.9616.7527.20
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY17.87710.5393.1267.41237.107.41237.103.3772.4320.770
NC11.87721.32121.594-0.27-1.260.271.265.4082.1200.390
NC5.47517.35215.8371.529.571.529.573.3831.3590.430
TN3.9723.9724.264-0.29-6.860.296.861.6491.6490.800
VA67.2289.6623.1246.54209.286.54209.283.5962.0940.410
VA10.0935.7122.5593.15123.203.15123.203.4752.5010.560
VA13.2285.1460.8544.29502.594.29502.593.3062.2050.280
WV18.0715.6553.0872.5783.182.5783.183.9413.1060.450
WV10.27718.87517.7411.136.391.136.393.1972.8170.720
8.022.89129.243.02131.05
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY0.1220.4850.689-0.20-29.670.2029.670.0230.0540.170
NC0.0710.1983.658-3.46-94.603.4694.600.0320.0610.066
NC0.0220.3082.219-1.91-86.111.9186.110.0130.0310.060
TN0.1260.9720.992-0.02-2.090.022.090.0520.2020.186
VA1.4190.7310.7280.000.470.000.470.0760.0960.095
VA0.2020.6100.955-0.34-36.120.3436.120.0700.1070.209
VA0.3500.2050.206-0.00-0.360.000.360.0870.0680.068
WV0.3820.8450.6700.1726.070.1726.070.0830.0980.098
WV0.2040.4852.097-1.61-76.891.6176.890.0630.0860.085
1.36-0.82-33.260.8639.15
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY1.1941.4491.462-0.01-0.840.010.840.2260.3130.360
NC0.4441.3332.769-1.44-51.841.4451.840.2020.0720.050
NC0.3082.3782.946-0.57-19.300.5719.300.1900.0970.080
TN0.2121.4073.198-1.79-56.021.7956.020.0880.2520.600
VA4.9410.5400.4570.0818.060.0818.060.2640.1190.060
VA0.7271.6652.194-0.53-24.100.5324.100.2500.3170.480
VA0.9650.3890.2750.1141.590.1141.590.2410.1670.090
WV1.4291.2841.303-0.02-1.490.021.490.3120.2000.190
WV0.8122.2437.392-5.15-69.665.1569.660.2520.3080.300
2.44-1.03-18.181.0831.43
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorCellBestObs.
KY0.1140.1370.1340.002.110.002.110.0210.0290.033
NC0.0570.1570.498-0.34-68.430.3468.430.0260.0090.009
NC0.0320.2740.405-0.13-32.420.1332.420.0200.0110.011
TN0.0260.1670.341-0.17-51.010.1751.010.0110.0330.064
VA0.4720.0560.061-0.00-7.900.007.900.0250.0120.008
VA0.0690.1640.197-0.03-16.660.0316.660.0240.0300.043
VA0.0920.0460.046-0.00-0.150.000.150.0230.0160.015
WV0.1240.1340.158-0.02-14.770.0214.770.0270.0230.023
WV0.0690.1910.838-0.65-77.170.6577.170.0210.0290.034
0.30-0.15-29.600.1530.07
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerror
KY3.3802.8811.7811.1061.711.1061.71
NC7.5414.4682.0912.38113.682.38113.68
NC5.7474.5452.1892.36107.602.36107.60
TN4.4553.8991.9531.9599.621.9599.62
VA5.1354.0071.8632.14115.102.14115.10
VA3.9163.1092.6460.4617.480.4617.48
VA4.2283.3881.0172.37233.232.37233.23
WV3.4272.9911.5381.4594.471.4594.47
WV2.9072.3991.4270.9768.060.9768.06
1.831.69101.221.69101.22
meannormmeannorm
CellBestObs.biasbiaserrorerrorRatio
KY5.2944.0784.0600.020.430.020.430.77
NC2.1966.24655.370-49.12-88.7249.1288.7225.21
NC1.61812.03836.830-24.79-67.3124.7967.3122.76
TN2.4095.4285.3300.101.840.101.842.21
VA18.6977.5357.620-0.09-1.120.091.120.41
VA2.9054.5714.5700.000.030.000.031.57
VA4.0022.9283.050-0.12-3.990.123.990.76
WV4.5857.1866.8600.334.750.334.751.50
WV3.2148.33924.640-16.30-66.1616.3066.167.67
16.48-10.00-24.4710.1026.04
Avg ConcM BiasN BiasM ErrorN Error
SO464.89-9.8411.8014.3028.27
NO334.47-16.19-23.9616.7527.20
NH48.022.89129.243.02131.05
H-ion1.36-0.82-33.260.8639.15
Ca2.44-1.03-18.181.0831.43
Mg0.30-0.15-29.600.1530.07
Ratio1.831.69101.221.69101.22
Prec16.48-10.00-24.4710.1026.04
SO4Deposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY2246.81731.23631.100
NC2532.92583.499165.556
NC4514.453114.795119.329
TN0014.95850.57548.716
VA00232.24034.58031.090
VA1332.98148.63946.797
VA2847.30418.9377.381
WV0458.88929.05427.852
WV1831.66184.153106.198
NO3Deposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY2213.85016.85217.458
NC254.36613.19479.179
NC452.51525.33054.508
TN003.35819.30224.944
VA0045.22418.13016.688
VA138.42218.73717.686
VA2811.1897.2247.259
WV0417.18317.18318.110
WV1810.89128.54674.413
NH4Deposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY2217.87710.5393.126
NC2511.87721.32121.594
NC455.47517.35215.837
TN003.9723.9724.264
VA0067.2289.6623.124
VA1310.0935.7122.559
VA2813.2285.1460.854
WV0418.0715.6553.087
WV1810.27718.87517.741
CADeposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY221.1941.4491.462
NC250.4441.3332.769
NC450.3082.3782.946
TN000.2121.4073.198
VA004.9410.5400.457
VA130.7271.6652.194
VA280.9650.3890.275
WV041.4291.2841.303
WV180.8122.2437.392
MGDeposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY220.1140.1370.134
NC250.0570.1570.498
NC450.0320.2740.405
TN000.0260.1670.341
VA000.4720.0560.061
VA130.0690.1640.197
VA280.0920.0460.046
WV040.1240.1340.158
WV180.0690.1910.838
HIONDeposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY220.1220.4850.689
NC250.0710.1983.658
NC450.0220.3082.219
TN000.1260.9720.992
VA001.4190.7310.728
VA130.2020.6100.955
VA280.3500.2050.206
WV040.3820.8450.670
WV180.2040.4852.097
PRECDeposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY225.2944.0784.060
NC252.1966.24655.370
NC451.61812.03836.830
TN002.4095.4285.330
VA0018.6977.5357.620
VA132.9054.5714.570
VA284.0022.9283.050
WV044.5857.1866.860
WV183.2148.33924.640
SO4/NO3 Ratio Deposition Flux(mg/m2)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY223.3802.8811.781
NC257.5414.4682.091
NC455.7474.5452.189
TN004.4553.8991.953
VA005.1354.0071.863
VA133.9163.1092.646
VA284.2283.3881.017
WV043.4272.9911.538
WV182.9072.3991.427
SO4Concentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY228.8437.7827.660
NC2514.9914.1202.990
NC458.9303.3733.240
TN006.2107.7189.140
VA0012.4217.2694.080
VA1311.35410.48510.240
VA2811.8218.1162.420
WV0412.8449.3084.060
WV189.8508.4204.310
NO3Concentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY222.6163.7014.300
NC251.9881.4901.430
NC451.5541.4791.480
TN001.3944.4314.680
VA002.4192.1872.190
VA132.8993.8643.870
VA282.7962.3372.380
WV043.7482.6132.640
WV183.3883.0413.020
NH4Concentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY223.3772.4320.770
NC255.4082.1200.390
NC453.3831.3590.430
TN001.6491.6490.800
VA003.5962.0940.410
VA133.4752.5010.560
VA283.3062.2050.280
WV043.9413.1060.450
WV183.1972.8170.720
CAConcentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY220.2260.3130.360
NC250.2020.0720.050
NC450.1900.0970.080
TN000.0880.2520.600
VA000.2640.1190.060
VA130.2500.3170.480
VA280.2410.1670.090
WV040.3120.2000.190
WV180.2520.3080.300
MGConcentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY220.0210.0290.033
NC250.0260.0090.009
NC450.0200.0110.011
TN000.0110.0330.064
VA000.0250.0120.008
VA130.0240.0300.043
VA280.0230.0160.015
WV040.0270.0230.023
WV180.0210.0290.034
HIONConcentration (mg/L)
SiteCellBest_in_5x5_boxObservation
KY220.0230.0540.170
NC250.0320.0610.066
NC450.0130.0310.060
TN000.0520.2020.186
VA000.0760.0960.095
VA130.0700.1070.209
VA280.0870.0680.068
WV040.0830.0980.098
WV180.0630.0860.085
&C&"Book Antiqua,Regular"&18Figure 4Wet deposition
11
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Page &P
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sulfate
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Nitrate
11
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Page &P
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Ammonia
11
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Page &P
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Hydrogen Ion
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Calcium
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Potassium
11
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Page &P
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sodium
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Chloride
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
SO4/NO3 Ratio
11
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#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Magnesium
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sulfate
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Nitrate
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Ammonium
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Hydrogen Ion
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Calcium
11
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Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Potassium
11
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Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sodium
11
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Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Chloride
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
SO4/NO3 Ratio
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Magnesium
5.293952944.077625754.05999994
2.196343666.2464957255.3699989
1.6184619712.038276736.8300018
2.40876155.428138265.32999992
18.69681747.53461797.61999989
2.90482144.571332454.57000017
4.001832492.928213123.04999995
4.585083967.186123856.86000013
3.214364058.3389396724.6399994
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
7-day Cumultive (mm)
Precipitation
11
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sulfate
11
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Nitrate
11
#REF!
#REF!
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Hydrogen Ion
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Sulfate
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Nitrate
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
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Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Ammonium
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Hydrogen Ion
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Calcium
11
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Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Potassium
11
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Page &P
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Sodium
11
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Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Flux (mg/m2)
Chloride
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Cell
Best
Obs.
Station
Mass Conc (mg/L)
Magnesium
SulfateSoils
DateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. ErrorDateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. Error
7/12/959.470.05-1.931.3716.607/12/950.541.25209.621.27212.36
7/15/9514.92-0.460.181.9214.547/15/950.850.5672.980.88104.91
7/19/996.04-1.84-14.492.4341.337/19/990.461.66321.541.66321.54
NitratePM_2.5
DateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. ErrorDateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. Error
7/12/950.240.51291.100.62331.127/12/9526.91-9.24-35.349.2435.34
7/15/950.260.0738.990.31133.817/15/9533.42-11.48-32.5011.4832.50
7/19/990.280.1149.770.1973.057/19/9914.15-3.59-22.394.7228.51
AmmoniumPM_10
DateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. ErrorDateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. Error
7/12/953.62-0.79-22.880.8323.977/12/9532.06-4.58-18.128.5426.88
7/15/955.67-2.14-33.122.1433.147/15/9542.52-11.55-26.8011.5526.80
7/19/992.34-0.89-25.721.0242.807/19/9922.49-1.72-8.748.2434.30
OrganicsPM_Coarse
DateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. ErrorDateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. Error
7/12/955.92-3.96-61.713.9661.717/12/956.414.05104.835.59122.11
7/15/955.57-4.03-67.644.0367.647/15/959.320.6328.205.0360.17
7/19/993.19-1.57-46.511.5846.897/19/998.341.8772.957.08104.70
Elem. Carbon
DateAvg ConcMean BiasNorm. BiasMean ErrorNorm. Error
7/12/950.92-0.27-20.950.3637.22
7/15/950.74-0.25-32.740.3042.28
7/19/990.460.1518.740.3258.20
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SO2
SulfateSO2Total SRatio
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
8.659.571.984.725.479.410.530.34
13.8016.150.62.055.377.80.860.66
7.003.525.337.79.3111.170.250.1
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
6.144.480.520.652.732.260.750.63
2.623.200.350.491.341.70.650.62
3.842.970.331.011.712.320.750.43
Obs.ModelObs.ModelObs.ModelObs.Model
10.609.311.961.986.095.590.580.54
23.2018.925.634.0515.1111.60.510.54
5.174.155.373.268.755.650.20.25
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SO2
00
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Obs.
Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Sulfate
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Nitrate
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
SO4 (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
Ammonium
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
S(SO4)/TS
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Organics
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
S(SO4)/TS
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Carbon
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
S(SO4)/TS
Shenandoah National Park
Soils
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
SO2 (ppb)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
PM2.5
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
SO2 (ppb)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
PM10
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
SO2 (ppb)
Shenandoah National Park
PM_C
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
TS (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
Wet_Dep
00
00
00
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Obs.
Model
TS (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
Bias_Error
00
00
00
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Model
TS (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
Sheet12
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ8.6114.10
5July 12WV12.5212.3012.300.221.790.221.79
7July 12TN9.838.658.651.1813.641.1813.64
8July 12VA10.129.199.190.9310.120.9310.12
9July 12VT5.613.00
10July 12KY10.8112.1012.10-1.29-10.661.2910.66
12July 12GA4.246.146.14-1.90-30.941.9030.94
13July 12SC4.196.976.97-2.78-39.892.7839.89
14July 12VA11.6510.6010.601.059.911.059.91
15July 12NC8.419.319.31-0.90-9.670.909.67
16July 12AL
17July 12AR2.364.64
18July 12DC13.729.939.933.7938.173.7938.17
9.470.03-1.951.5618.31
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ10.4219.10
5July 15WV23.6222.3022.301.325.921.325.92
7July 15TN16.8513.8013.803.0522.103.0522.10
8July 15VA18.2818.7018.70-0.42-2.250.422.25
9July 15VT
10July 15KY17.9915.9015.902.0913.142.0913.14
12July 15GA3.452.622.620.8331.680.8331.68
13July 15SC3.994.184.18-0.19-4.550.194.55
14July 15VA20.8123.2023.20-2.39-10.302.3910.30
15July 15NC13.4014.3014.30-0.90-6.290.906.29
16July 15AL10.4814.3014.30-3.82-26.713.8226.71
17July 15AR6.089.01
18July 15DC16.7219.9019.90-3.18-15.983.1815.98
14.92-0.360.681.8213.89
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ7.797.91
5July 19WV3.575.225.22-1.65-31.611.6531.61
7July 19TN3.557.007.00-3.45-49.293.4549.29
8July 19VA4.356.656.65-2.30-34.592.3034.59
9July 19VT4.881.65
10July 19KY2.1010.1010.10-8.00-79.218.0079.21
12July 19GA3.113.843.84-0.73-19.010.7319.01
13July 19SC3.541.721.721.82105.811.82105.81
14July 19VA4.925.175.17-0.25-4.840.254.84
15July 19NC6.735.915.910.8213.870.8213.87
16July 19AL
17July 19AR2.155.17
18July 19DC5.908.718.71-2.81-32.262.8132.26
6.04-1.84-14.572.4341.17
&C&"Book Antiqua,Regular"&14Figure 3Sulfate Aerosols
Sheet12
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
Sheet13
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
Sheet14
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Sulfate (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
Sheet15
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
Sheet16
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Obs.
Model
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Sulfate (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.060.56
5July 12WV0.120.220.22-0.10-45.450.1045.45
7July 12TN0.380.150.150.23153.330.23153.33
8July 12VA0.360.250.250.1144.000.1144.00
9July 12VT0.170.18
10July 12KY2.460.120.122.341950.002.341950.00
12July 12GA0.140.250.25-0.11-44.000.1144.00
13July 12SC0.040.320.32-0.28-87.500.2887.50
14July 12VA0.980.230.230.75326.090.75326.09
15July 12NC0.340.190.190.1578.950.1578.95
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.120.29
18July 12DC2.000.470.471.53325.531.53325.53
0.240.51300.110.62339.43
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.020.50
5July 15WV0.000.250.25-0.25-100.000.25100.00
7July 15TN0.170.130.130.0430.770.0430.77
8July 15VA0.110.320.32-0.21-65.630.2165.63
9July 15VT
10July 15KY1.640.200.201.44720.001.44720.00
12July 15GA0.010.160.16-0.15-93.750.1593.75
13July 15SC0.000.350.35-0.35-100.000.35100.00
14July 15VA0.580.290.290.29100.000.29100.00
15July 15NC0.030.210.21-0.18-85.710.1885.71
16July 15AL0.110.200.20-0.09-45.000.0945.00
17July 15AR0.400.17
18July 15DC0.730.480.480.2552.080.2552.08
0.260.0841.280.33139.29
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ0.070.36
5July 19WV0.210.290.29-0.08-27.590.0827.59
7July 19TN0.360.190.190.1789.470.1789.47
8July 19VA0.240.390.39-0.15-38.460.1538.46
9July 19VT0.030.25
10July 19KY0.330.150.150.18120.000.18120.00
12July 19GA0.220.190.190.0315.790.0315.79
13July 19SC0.180.310.31-0.13-41.940.1341.94
14July 19VA0.460.440.440.024.550.024.55
15July 19NC0.310.270.270.0414.810.0414.81
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.110.15
18July 19DC1.130.290.290.84289.660.84289.66
0.280.1047.370.1871.36
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00
00
00
00
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00
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00
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Model
Obs.
Station
Nitrate (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Nitrate (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Nitrate (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Nitrate (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ1.955.452.81
5July 12WV2.644.682.374.68-2.04-43.552.0443.55
7July 12TN3.183.291.673.29-0.11-3.260.113.26
8July 12VA2.853.521.803.52-0.67-19.010.6719.01
9July 12VT1.811.180.61
10July 12KY3.524.572.304.57-1.05-23.021.0523.02
12July 12GA1.512.381.222.38-0.87-36.420.8736.42
13July 12SC1.262.711.402.71-1.45-53.451.4553.45
14July 12VA3.834.042.054.04-0.21-5.240.215.24
15July 12NC2.473.551.803.55-1.08-30.351.0830.35
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.881.820.95
18July 12DC4.043.862.003.860.184.660.184.66
3.62-0.81-23.290.8524.33
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4
3July 15NJ2.177.313.73
5July 15WV2.968.444.258.44-5.48-64.915.4864.91
7July 15TN4.125.212.635.21-1.09-20.961.0920.96
8July 15VA4.477.113.607.11-2.64-37.092.6437.09
9July 15VT
10July 15KY5.686.023.046.02-0.34-5.660.345.66
12July 15GA1.031.030.541.030.000.100.000.10
13July 15SC1.051.670.891.67-0.62-37.090.6237.09
14July 15VA5.168.784.438.78-3.62-41.263.6241.26
15July 15NC3.045.422.745.42-2.38-43.952.3843.95
16July 15AL2.995.422.745.42-2.43-44.842.4344.84
17July 15AR2.383.431.74
18July 15DC4.647.603.877.60-2.96-38.962.9638.96
5.67-2.16-33.462.1633.48
Model(NH4)2SO4(NH4)HSO4
3July 19NJ2.293.071.59
5July 19WV1.192.041.062.04-0.85-41.720.8541.72
7July 19TN1.342.681.372.68-1.34-50.001.3450.00
8July 19VA1.572.611.362.61-1.04-39.781.0439.78
9July 19VT1.440.690.38
10July 19KY0.853.831.943.83-2.98-77.812.9877.81
12July 19GA1.181.500.781.50-0.32-21.080.3221.08
13July 19SC1.290.740.410.740.5675.510.5675.51
14July 19VA1.632.071.102.07-0.44-21.120.4421.12
15July 19NC1.732.291.192.29-0.56-24.610.5624.61
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.801.981.01
18July 19DC2.293.351.723.35-1.06-31.651.0631.65
2.34-0.89-25.811.0242.59
&A
Page &P
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
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Page &P
(NH4)2SO4
Model
(NH4)HSO4
Station
Ammonium (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
&A
Page &P
(NH4)2SO4
Model
(NH4)HSO4
Station
Ammonium (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
&A
Page &P
(NH4)2SO4
Model
(NH4)HSO4
Station
Ammonium (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ3.256.03
5July 12WV3.796.506.50-2.71-41.662.7141.66
7July 12TN6.945.045.041.9037.701.9037.70
8July 12VA4.657.877.87-3.22-40.903.2240.90
9July 12VT5.463.85
10July 12KY6.924.094.092.8369.282.8369.28
12July 12GA4.812.442.442.3797.452.3797.45
13July 12SC3.083.233.23-0.15-4.760.154.76
14July 12VA3.948.868.86-4.92-55.544.9255.54
15July 12NC3.845.115.11-1.27-24.851.2724.85
16July 12AL
17July 12AR7.737.55
18July 12DC6.7210.1410.14-3.42-33.703.4233.70
5.92-0.950.342.5345.09
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ3.1010.42
5July 15WV4.055.155.15-1.10-21.391.1021.39
7July 15TN8.106.716.711.3920.791.3920.79
8July 15VA6.717.747.74-1.03-13.331.0313.33
9July 15VT
10July 15KY7.674.284.283.3979.043.3979.04
12July 15GA2.672.412.410.2610.880.2610.88
13July 15SC2.151.551.550.6038.350.6038.35
14July 15VA5.286.926.92-1.64-23.661.6423.66
15July 15NC4.947.247.24-2.30-31.752.3031.75
16July 15AL9.824.734.735.09107.525.09107.52
17July 15AR6.796.87
18July 15DC7.168.978.97-1.81-20.211.8120.21
5.570.2814.621.8636.69
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ2.804.00
5July 19WV3.083.073.070.010.460.010.46
7July 19TN7.274.164.163.1174.843.1174.84
8July 19VA5.044.104.100.9422.870.9422.87
9July 19VT2.981.83
10July 19KY5.573.003.002.5785.912.5785.91
12July 19GA6.111.781.784.33243.644.33243.64
13July 19SC2.621.741.740.8850.920.8850.92
14July 19VA2.663.083.08-0.42-13.640.4213.64
15July 19NC3.164.164.16-1.00-24.001.0024.00
16July 19AL
17July 19AR5.825.12
18July 19DC6.603.603.603.0083.443.0083.44
3.191.4958.271.8166.64
&A
Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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Model
Obs.
Station
Organics (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Organics (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Organics (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Organics (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.490.69
5July 12WV0.271.791.79-1.52-84.921.5284.92
7July 12TN0.870.580.580.2950.000.2950.00
8July 12VA0.330.730.73-0.40-54.790.4054.79
9July 12VT0.480.49
10July 12KY0.690.560.560.1323.210.1323.21
12July 12GA0.320.340.34-0.02-5.880.025.88
13July 12SC0.250.350.35-0.10-28.570.1028.57
14July 12VA0.370.610.61-0.24-39.340.2439.34
15July 12NC0.350.570.57-0.22-38.600.2238.60
16July 12AL
17July 12AR0.360.52
18July 12DC2.392.722.72-0.33-12.130.3312.13
0.92-0.27-21.220.3637.49
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.371.16
5July 15WV0.290.650.65-0.36-55.380.3655.38
7July 15TN0.760.650.650.1116.920.1116.92
8July 15VA0.340.840.84-0.50-59.520.5059.52
9July 15VT
10July 15KY0.670.520.520.1528.850.1528.85
12July 15GA0.200.320.32-0.12-37.500.1237.50
13July 15SC0.150.300.30-0.15-50.000.1550.00
14July 15VA0.360.860.86-0.50-58.140.5058.14
15July 15NC0.350.500.50-0.15-30.000.1530.00
16July 15AL0.330.880.88-0.55-62.500.5562.50
17July 15AR0.340.41
18July 15DC1.451.891.89-0.44-23.280.4423.28
0.74-0.25-33.060.3042.21
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ0.410.70
5July 19WV0.230.380.38-0.15-39.470.1539.47
7July 19TN0.880.400.400.48120.000.48120.00
8July 19VA0.320.560.56-0.24-42.860.2442.86
9July 19VT0.330.23
10July 19KY0.580.310.310.2787.100.2787.10
12July 19GA0.360.480.48-0.12-25.000.1225.00
13July 19SC0.170.150.150.0213.330.0213.33
14July 19VA0.260.390.39-0.13-33.330.1333.33
15July 19NC0.270.400.40-0.13-32.500.1332.50
16July 19AL
17July 19AR0.330.42
18July 19DC2.421.061.061.36128.301.36128.30
0.460.1519.510.3257.99
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Page &P
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
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00
00
00
00
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00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
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Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Carbon (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
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00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
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00
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
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00
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
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00
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
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00
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Carbon (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ0.860.48
5July 12WV0.510.480.480.036.250.036.25
7July 12TN3.280.570.572.71475.442.71475.44
8July 12VA0.760.670.670.0913.430.0913.43
9July 12VT1.230.20
10July 12KY1.720.420.421.30309.521.30309.52
12July 12GA0.810.510.510.3058.820.3058.82
13July 12SC0.460.410.410.0512.200.0512.20
14July 12VA0.990.490.490.50102.040.50102.04
15July 12NC0.570.650.65-0.08-12.310.0812.31
16July 12AL
17July 12AR1.211.30
18July 12DC7.030.690.696.34918.846.34918.84
0.541.25209.361.27212.09
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ0.761.59
5July 15WV0.491.061.06-0.57-53.770.5753.77
7July 15TN2.720.670.672.05305.972.05305.97
8July 15VA0.701.071.07-0.37-34.580.3734.58
9July 15VT
10July 15KY1.890.570.571.32231.581.32231.58
12July 15GA0.690.410.410.2868.290.2868.29
13July 15SC0.300.420.42-0.12-28.570.1228.57
14July 15VA0.961.401.40-0.44-31.430.4431.43
15July 15NC0.630.710.71-0.08-11.270.0811.27
16July 15AL1.240.690.690.5579.710.5579.71
17July 15AR1.100.92
18July 15DC4.421.471.472.95200.682.95200.68
0.850.5672.660.87104.59
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ1.100.46
5July 19WV0.480.390.390.0923.080.0923.08
7July 19TN3.590.580.583.01518.973.01518.97
8July 19VA0.850.540.540.3157.410.3157.41
9July 19VT1.110.17
10July 19KY2.050.610.611.44236.071.44236.07
12July 19GA1.700.220.221.48672.731.48672.73
13July 19SC0.430.110.110.32290.910.32290.91
14July 19VA0.820.430.430.3990.700.3990.70
15July 19NC0.520.500.500.024.000.024.00
16July 19AL
17July 19AR1.210.76
18July 19DC8.680.790.797.89998.737.89998.73
0.461.66321.401.66321.40
&A
Page &P
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Conc. (ug/m3)
Day 193
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 19, 1995
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
Soils (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Brigantine National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Dolly Sods/Otter Creek
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Great Smoky Mt. National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Jefferson/James River Face
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Lye Brook Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Mammoth Cave National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Okefenokee National Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Cape Romain Wildlife Ref.
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Shenandoah National Park
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Shining Rock Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Sipsy Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Upper Buffalo Wilderness
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Soils (mg/m3)
Washington, D.C.
averagemeannormmeannorm
ModelObs.conc.biasbiaserrorerror
3July 12NJ15.3531.00
5July 12WV19.9131.7031.70-11.79-37.1911.7937.19
7July 12TN24.7124.1024.100.612.530.612.53
8July 12VA19.1528.0028.00-8.85-31.618.8531.61
9July 12VT14.9112.50
10July 12KY26.2337.0037.00-10.77-29.1110.7729.11
12July 12GA11.9512.6012.60-0.65-5.160.655.16
13July 12SC9.3715.5015.50-6.13-39.556.1339.55
14July 12VA21.8530.8030.80-8.95-29.068.9529.06
15July 12NC16.0423.4023.40-7.36-31.457.3631.45
16July 12AL
17July 12AR12.7621.60
18July 12DC36.5439.1039.10-2.56-6.552.566.55
26.91-6.27-23.026.4123.58
ModelObs.
3July 15NJ16.9460.50
5July 15WV31.4743.1043.10-11.63-26.9811.6326.98
7July 15TN32.9235.0035.00-2.08-5.942.085.94
8July 15VA30.6835.7035.70-5.02-14.065.0214.06
9July 15VT
10July 15KY35.6535.4035.400.250.710.250.71
12July 15GA8.168.188.18-0.02-0.240.020.24
13July 15SC7.749.739.73-1.99-20.451.9920.45
14July 15VA33.2244.9044.90-11.68-26.0111.6826.01
15July 15NC22.4438.9038.90-16.46-42.3116.4642.31
16July 15AL25.1428.7028.70-3.56-12.403.5612.40
17July 15AR17.1725.00
18July 15DC35.4954.6054.60-19.11-35.0019.1135.00
33.42-7.13-18.277.1818.41
ModelObs.
3July 19NJ14.5619.10
5July 19WV8.8112.9012.90-4.09-31.714.0931.71
7July 19TN17.2316.5016.500.734.420.734.42
8July 19VA12.4217.6017.60-5.18-29.435.1829.43
9July 19VT10.907.56
10July 19KY11.5619.8019.80-8.24-41.628.2441.62
12July 19GA12.838.038.034.8059.784.8059.78
13July 19SC8.326.686.681.6424.551.6424.55
14July 19VA10.8114.1014.10-3.29-23.333.2923.33
15July 19NC12.7811.7011.701.089.231.089.23
16July 19AL
17July 19AR10.5216.30
18July 19DC27.6720.0020.007.6738.357.6738.35
14.15-0.541.144.0829.16
&A
Page &P
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Model
Obs.
Station
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
July 12, 1995
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&A
Page &P
Model
Obs.
Station
PM2.5 (mg/m3)
July 15, 1995
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