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Indian Biogas Association (iba)
Review of Biogas Upgrading Technologies: Efficiency, Bio-methane quality, Investment and
Operating cost
Gaurav Kedia Chairman, iba
Biogas Asia Pacific Forum, Kuala Lumpur
12 June 2013
Presented By :
Vishal Gosai
Principal Co-ordinator, iba
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Structure
Indian Biogas Association - an introduction
Biogas and Bio-CNG
Biogas enrichment processes
Financial analysis of Bio-CNG based business model
Challenges for Bio-CNG
Case study: Muni Seva Ashram
Indian Biogas Association - an introduction
Biogas and Bio-CNG
Biogas enrichment processes
Financial analysis of Bio-CNG based business model
Challenges for Bio-CNG
Case study: Muni Seva Ashram
www.biogas-india.com
Indian Biogas Association
IBA aspires to be a unique blend of; nationwide operators, manufacturers and planners of biogas plants, and representatives from science and research. The sole motto of the association is “propagating Biogas in a sustainable way”.
Some of the prestigious members:
Vogelsang, Netzsch, Kirloskar, FGP, Arka BRENStech….
Some of our past event co-organizers:
IIT-Delhi, MNRE, B4E, Renewable World…
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Biomethane is a methane rich (>90%) flammable gas that results from upgradation of Biogas.
Biomethane energy is the use of Biomethane gas to produce heat, power or as a transport fuel.
Biogas
Introduction to Biomethane
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Drying, Desulfurization
Boiler
Heat
Gas conditioning with or without CO2 separation
Bottling or gas grid
Compression
Substitute for LPG or nature
gas
Filling station
Reformation (possibly)
Fuel Electricity & Heat
CHP
BIOGAS
Electricity and heat
Fuel cell
Utilization of Biogas
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Absorption into liquid (Physical / Chemical)
Adsorption on solid surface
Membrane separation
Cryogenic separation
Chemical conversion
Adsorption on solid surface
Membrane separation
Cryogenic separation
Chemical conversion
Biogas Enrichment Process
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Biogas Enrichment Processes – Energy comparison
SU
Source: SGC report
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Comparison
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Amine
PSA
Membrane
Water scrubber
Physical scrubber
Specific Investment Cost
Source: SGC report
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Renewable energy country attractiveness indices
“Plans to make India an emerging bio-economy have led to talks with the US Department of Energy on creating a biomass ‘roadmap', similar to that employed by China.”
Total biomass potential in India is estimated at more than 70 gigawatt (GW)”
- E&Y, 2012, URL: goo.gl/4Ghkw
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Biogas upgrading plants - IEA Bioenergy Task 37
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Annual Biogas Generation
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Distillery
STPs
Paper
Tanneries
OthersBiogas in Million NCum
MW
Full Market Potential ~ USD 3 billion Target Market Potential ~ USD 1.2 billion Annual Biogas 2000 million NCum Annual CBG potential 900 million kgs
320 Nos
300 Nos
500 Ncum/hr
300 Ncum/hr,
600 Nos, Potential sites: 210 300 Ncum/hr,
3000 Nos, Potential sites: 159 300 Ncum/hr,
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Scenario in India
Scattered market
No established player at national level
Market needs someone offering end to end solution
Experienced and skilled workforce is lacking
Government active intervention is needed
Promotion of Bio-CNG is lacking
Different approach is needed for small, medium and large scale biogas upgradation plant promotion
Supply chain management is to be streamlined
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Bio-CNG: A need for Indian rural and Industrial sector
• Many countries like India has the natural resources.
• It provides a buffer against energy security concerns.
• It offers a hedge against fossil fuel price hikes and volatility.
• Off-grid energy supply can meet demand in un-served rural areas.
• It can be supplied to both urban and rural poor.
• It can support attainment of a country’s climate change goals.
• Sustainability can be achieved in true sense
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Financial Analysis
1.8-2.1 Units of Electricity
0.4 Kg of Compressed Biogas
USD 0.26 @ $ 0.13/KWh*
USD 0.40 @ $ 1/Kg*
USD 0.1 @ $ 1/NCum
Not to forget – Biofertilizer is an intrinsic part of revenue for Biogas business!
* CAPEX & OPEX almost similar for both type of plants
1 Ncum of Biogas
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Financial Projections – 1 MWel Equivalent
Years
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Am
ou
nt
in L
ac
s
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Years
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Am
ou
nt
in L
ac
s
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Project Cost
Project Cost with Grantt
Grantt
Cumulative Cash Accrual - CBG
Cash Accrual
Years
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Am
ou
nt
in L
ac
s
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Electricity CBG
CBG & SUC
100 Lacs = USD 200 000
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Muni Seva Ashram: A Case Study
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• Near Vadodara, close to the district border to Panch Kola and not far away from border to Madhya Pradesh.
• Road and grid access are quite good.
• Distance to industrial sites (Apollo tires, Suzlon, etc. are quite near, so there is a good chance for third party buyers for power.
Geographical location MSA
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MSA Mission
"To serve the deficient and needy sections of the society, without regards to cast, creed, religion or financial status of the recipient, employing the best available appropriate technologies and in complete harmony with the nature."
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Capacity:
20 Nm3 raw biogas per hour
End use:
Vehicular and Thermal
Biogas, Enrichment and Bottling unit
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Solar Cooling
• Vapour Absorption Chiller (VAC) refrigeration system that can achieve cooling up to 6 0C
• Scheffler dishes allow water to reach temperature of 180 0C - Corresponding steam at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 pressure
• 100 Tr of cooling out of this solar Air Conditioning System using Scheffler Concentrators
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Solar Crematorium
• World's First and only “Solar Crematorium”
• System to be backed by biogas for buffer supply
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Renewable heaven
• MSA is using solar street lamp, cooker, and many other renewables
• Sustainability at Ashram has got the human dimension as well!
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Summary
• Bio-CNG: Versatile and efficient
• R&D: Improvement of efficiency and environmental performance of Bio-CNG production and utilization
• For Bio-CNG development, clear governmental policies are crucial
• Integration and compensation of Bio-CNG – technically, financially and socially
• Trees can be retained
• It is a quick, easily controlled fuel
• No smoke or smell (unless there is a leak)
• Clean pots
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Q&A
Commonsense is the realized sense of proportion!
Gaurav Kedia E: [email protected] M: +91-9983498904 A: #B-2/2392, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110 070, India
