Muhammad Zaid Khan (05B-093-TE) (Group Leader)

Raja Muhammad Ayub (05B-090-TE)

Muhammad Sohaib Yousuf (05B-063-TE)

Project Description Optimization involves monitoring, verifying

and improving the performance of a radio network.

It is done after radio network planning.

Since there are a large number of users there are many parameters involved therefore they have to be continuously monitored and corrected.

There are thousands of GSM operators throughout the world competing with each other to give RF Optimization and Planning is done to ensure that various problems can be dealt with easily.

The primary focus of RF Optimization depends upon these four factors:◦ Power Control◦ Quality Control◦ Subscriber Traffic ◦ Resource Availability

The tool which we shall develop will show some important KPI’s with respect to Bar Charts, Line Charts, and Histograms etc at a specified time interval so that they can be optimized easily.

Although there are various such tools available in the market which are used by many GSM operators but just to implement our case study and for our own learning we will design this tool after our study on RF parameters in GSM.

GSM namely has 3 subsystems but as our project concerns RF Optimization therefore our main focus throughout our study will be on RF and its parameters.

Base station subsystem (BSS)

Network switching subsystem (NSS)

Operation subsystem (OSS)

The Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts, the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and the Base Station Controller (BSC).

They communicate across the Abis interface.

The BSC manages several BTS and is responsible for the communication between the Mobile Station(MS) and the MSC.

The main purpose of NSS is switching and its central part is the MSC (Mobile Station Controller).

It performs the switching of calls between the mobile and other fixed or mobile network users

network entities + databases

MSC, GMC, HLR, VLR

NSS functionality

locating, roaming, public network connection

Operation SubSystem (OSS) It consists of OMC, EIR and AuC.

OMC consists of a supporting network that monitors the entire network with the help of a Server.

EIR and AuC are used for recognizing the user with the network and for security purposes.

Key Performance Indicators (KPI’S) Call Handover Success Rate Call Drop Rate Call Block Rate SDCCH Traffic TCH Drop % Power Budget % TCH Failure % SDCCH failure % SDCCH Blocking Rate SDCCH Excess Success Rate Mean time between failures Mean time between success Assignment Success Rate

Call Handover Success Rate

The call is transferred from one cell to another without being dropped.

This takes place when the user is moving away from the cell and power of MS is adjusted accordingly.

Call Drop Rate

The call drop rate shows the ratio of dropped calls with respect to a particular time period.

There can be many reasons for call being dropped specially during peak hours because traffic is high.

Call Block Rate

Depends upon the capacity of a cell.

If the capacity is exhausted then users are left unserved.

Normally the call drop rate should be 2% and not more than that for any GSM operator during peak hours.

SDCCH (Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel)

This channel is used to provide a connection for Signaling and SMS. It is a very important KPI in RF Optimization.

Overview of our Tool The tool will actually be a database that will

continually process the RAW data of KPI’S in GUI form.

It will analyze the traffic, capacity and quality of the calls and the network as whole.

Development of the Tool The development of the tool will be divided in

two parts Front End Back End

Front End: In the front end the processed data will be

shown in GUI form in the form of Bars, Histograms and Pie Charts.

Back End:

At the Back End we will use programming languages such as Visual Basic, Microsoft Access and Microsoft Excel to continually add the RAW data and process them in the front end.

Overview of the RAW data This is an overview of our RAW data or

various KPI’S in Microsoft Excel. The values are just assumed.

Data Sheet

Comparison With PTA Standards The tool developed by us will compare the

THRESHOLD VALUES of the KPI’S with PTA standards.

This is just to ensure that the GSM companies are following PTA standards or not.