RFIC-Lab @ ECE-TUT, Finland · 11/25/2013 · High-Performance Differential VCO Based on Armstrong...

+358-(0)40-582-5915 25-Nov-2013www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/rfasic Page 1 / [email protected]

Prof. Nikolay T. TchamovKorkeakoulunkatu-1, TH-10833720 – Tampere, Finland

Tampere University of TechnologyRFIC Laboratory, Department of Electronics

and Communications Engineering

RFIC-Lab @ ECE-TUT, Finland

Founded: 1995 in Dpt. Communications Team: 15÷34 BSc, MSc & PhD CAD: 50 Cadence Licenses Measurements: Up to 27GHz On-WaferTeaching: 9 courses: Com. RF-IC

Partners: Bell-Labs, IBM, Infineon, Intel, Nokia, STMicro, TI.

Funding: 9.4 Mln.USD Patents: 46 (W-4, USA-12, UK-8 …)Publications: 98 (25 in IEEE)

Steyaert M.,B.Razavi, J.Fenk,W.Decock, N.T.Tchamov, K.Lee, M.Banu, R.Schreier, H.Tanimoto, GigaHerts-Radio Front Ends, Workshop ‘GiRaFE’IEEE Solid-State Circuits Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2003.

Tchamov N.T., S.Broussev, I.Uzunov, K.Rantala, Dual-Band LC VCO Architecture With a Fourth-Order Resonator, IEEE Tr. on Circuits and Systems-II, Mar 2007.

Some Key Publications:

L2

C2 0.5p

L1C3C1

D1

R1

C4

1.5p1p

0.7p

R2

C5 14p

C6 0.7p

L3

1p

6k

14p

Q1

Vvar2

Vbias: 1.8 GHz

Ic = 6mA

R3

6k

Out

2.5 V

1k

L

L

L L

L

L

L

L

R4 L 1k

L

L

Q3

Vbias: 800 MHz

+ Vcc =

L

Vv2

LL

L

L

Vv1

Vvar1

3n

5.4n

2n

D2 L

Q2 L

GHz-range-IC:VCO, DCO, T&H,

LNA, DCDC





Microelectronics

Published Main R & D AchievementsTwo-Phase Self-Assisted Zero-Voltage Switching DCDC Converter,

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no.3, Mar. 2013.Q-factor analysis for C-C LC oscillators using TVRL,

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no.1, Jan. 2012.Design consideration in tapped-inductor 4th-order Dual-Band VCO,

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no.1, Jan. 2012.A Darlington-Enhanced CMOS Oscillator Architecture

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no. 1, Jan. 2012.Evaluation & Comparison GHz-range LC Oscillators using TVRL,

Intl. Journal Circuit Theory & Applications 2011.UMTS and GSM Low Phase Noise Inductively Tuned LC VCO,

IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, no. 3, Mar 2010.Time-Varying Root Locus of Large-Signal LC Oscillators,

IEEE Tr. CAD IC and Sys, no. 5, May 2010.Flicker Noise Up-Conversion Suppression in Differential LC Oscillators,

IEEE Tr. on CAS-2, no.11, Nov 2007.Wideband Low Phase-Noise LC-VCO With Programmable Kvco,

IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, no.4, Apr 2007.Dual-Band LC VCO Architecture With a Fourth-Order Resonator,

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no. 3, Mar 2007.Novel VCO Using Series Above-IC FBAR and Parallel LC Resonance,

IEEE Journal Solid-State Circuits, no.10. Differential Pre-Compensated GHz-range Low-voltage Track-and-Hold,

IEE EL, no.2, Jan 2003.Monolithic RF Bandpass Track-and-Hold,

IEE EL, no.2,Jan 2003.3.6 GHz Double Cross-Coupled Multivibrator VCO 1.6 GHz Tuning,

IEEE Tr. CAS-2, no.8, Aug 2001.High-Performance Differential VCO Based on Armstrong Oscillator,

IEEE Journal Solid-State Circuits, no.1, Jan 2001.4.3 GHz VCO with 2-GHz Tuning Range and Low Phase Noise,

IEEE Journal Solid-State Circuits, no. 1, Jan 2001.

R & D CollaborationsTUT-ECERFIC

EUIndustry(Ger)Industry(Fin)AcademyIndustry(USA)AcademyTekes

Project Funding





Devices Modeling inCMOS, SiGe/BiCMOS

Novel GHz CircuitsArchitectures

Nonlinear ElectronicCircuits Theory & CAD

On-Wafer RFMeasurements

RFIC-Lab Background, Works & Targets

VCO & DCO forMobile Terminals

since 1995 …

GHz SamplingCircuitssince 1997

LNA and Filtersfor DVB-ICsince 2003 …

DC-DC for PAModulationsince 2006 …

Battery & SuperCapManagement ICs

since 2007 …

Kinetic EnergyRecovery Systems

since 2011 …

Low-Voltage and High-Power DC-DC

since 2009 …

Wireless & PLC in High EMIsince 2012 …





Target # 1Fork-Lifts

MobileMobile 48 48 VoltVolt TechnologyTechnology BusinessBusinessTarget # 2

Start-StopStarter-Alternator

Target # 3eBikes15 kW

HFAC/DC

N x 15 kW Grid

Chargers

Charging from Grid

15 kW HybridBMS

15 kWHF

DC/DC

6...15 kW Energy Recovery System

Monolithic BMS

100 WhSuperCap

Pack

15 kWhBattery

Pack

3 kWHF

AC/DC

3 kW HybridBMS

3 kWHF

DC/DC

1...3 kW Energy Recovery System

0.5 kWhBattery

Pack

5 WhSuperCap

Pack

MonolithicBMS





Toyota Prius 2012 (ZVW30)4.4 kW Lithium-Ion, 201.6 V

4 hours/day, 250 days/year

1,100 kWh/yearToyota Traigo 1800Kg

(8FBET18)36kWh Lead Acid, 48V

24 hours/day, 2 packs/day

250 days/year 18,000 kWh/year

In 2012 Worldwide operate about 300,000 El.ForkLiftsBattery Energy Equivalent to 5,900,000 Hybrid Cars

’16’ = ‘1’

When? --- Needed --- Now !

Japanese --- Maker --- Who ?

200 V --- Voltage --- 48V !

People --- Transport --- Materials

Many --- Restrictions --- Few





Fork-Lift-Market and related Battery-Market





Financial Impact: Energy Recovery in Fork-Lifts





TargetTarget # 1:# 1: Forklift EnergyForklift Energy Efficiency Efficiency Boosting inBoosting in::UsageUsage 22x x RecoveryRecovery 1010xx

AC Grid

AC Grid

+15%

In Use = 75*85*70*65 ≤ 30%

+5% +15% +25%+40%

Recovered = 45*50*75*40*50 ≤ 5%

To Use = 90*90*85*90 ≥ 60%+40% +20% +45% +45%

To Recover = 85*90*95*85*85 ≥ 50%

65 %Motor90 %

Moving OBJECT

45 %Generator

85 %

85%Controller

90%

70 %Battery

85 %75 %

Rectifier90 %

50 %SuperCap

85 %

50 %Rectifier

90 %

40 %Battery

85 %

75 %DCDC95 %





Standard Concept

M/GBattery

48V

DC-to-AC

AC-to-DC

20% Energy Recovery

ADVANCED: 80% Energy Recovery by 1,000 Battery Cycles VERSUS 1,000,000 SuperCap Cycles

M/GDC-to-AC

AC-to-DCDC-to-DC

Battery

48V

SuperCap

48V

DC-to-DC

The Slow and Fast Energy Loops (1/2)





Super-Capacitor

48 20V Ah

The Super-Battery Project

3,000 € Standard Battery I/O for 2,000 Cycles 5,500 € Super Battery

I/O for 800,000 Cycles

For 100 % Chargeη = 70%

35 A8 hours

For 100 %To Loadη = 65%

400 A 20 min

For 100 % Returnη = 30%

200 A320 min

Main Applications: City-eBusses; Fork-Lifts, Tools, UPS

Battery 48V

50Ah

For 100 % Chargeη = 80%

3000 Afor only

6 sec

For 100 %To Loadη = 80%

400 A 45 sec

For 100 % Returnη = 80%

3000 Afor only

6 sec

RF-DCDCConverters48V 3000A

Cell Balancers

Battery48V

200Ah





Next Step: Advanced 48V Dynamic EIS and Energy Balancing

DynamicEIS-C:

VI

TºZ(ω)

Noise

SoCSoH

DynamicEIS-B:

VI

TºZ(ω)

Noise

SoCSoH

Dynamic BALANCING





280 km/h Max Speed528 Nm Torque3.1 sec to 100km/h

230 Kg Weight 30 km @ 150km/h90 km @ 70km/h

Battery & SuperCap47.3 Kg Weight

6.2 kWh Capacity40C Max Discharge

4C Max Charge(15min) Cell-Dynamic BMS-CPU

48V 56kW Demonstrator:The SuperKart of RFIC-Lab @ ECE-TUT

KERS

Motor & Transmission60 V Development60 kW Cont. Power90 kW Max. Power31.4 Kg Weight 2 : 1 Power-to-Weight R.

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RFIC-Lab @ ECE-TUT, Finland · 11/25/2013 · High-Performance Differential VCO Based on Armstrong...

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