Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvb evsjv‡`k · cÖwZdjb GLbB †`Lv hv‡”Q|...

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Zwk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvbevsjv‡`k

GlobalEducation Cluster Bangladesh

Education Cluster

ÒAvBGbBB wk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvb:

c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, cybiæ×viÓ-Gi evsjv‡`k ms¯‹iY

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Zwk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvbevsjv‡`k

ÒAvBGbBB wk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvb:

c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, cybiæ×viÓ-Gi evsjv‡`k ms¯‹iY

B›Uvi-A¨v‡RwÝ †bUIqvK© di GWz‡Kkb Bb Bgvi‡RwÝR (INEE) n‡”Q †ckvRxex I bxwZ cÖ‡YZv‡ì GKwU Db¥y³ I êwk¦K †bUIqvK©, hviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges m¼U-cieZ©x cybiæ×vi Kvh©µ‡g mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ ¸YMZ wk¶v Ges GKwU wbivc` wkLb cwi‡e‡ki AwaKvi AR©b Kivi j‡¶¨ GKmv‡_ KvR K‡ib|

AvBGbBB (INEE) m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org.

AvBGbBB b~b¨Zg gvb m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/minimum-standards.

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v welqK we¯ÍvwiZ Z‡_ï Rb¨ †`Lyb: INEE Toolkit at www.ineesite.org/Toolkit.

AvBGbBB-Gi mnvqZvq I †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb evsjv‡`‡ki eë¯’vcbvq ¯’vbxq KZ…©c¶ I wk¶v mswkøó‡ì gva¨‡g Zuv‡ì eënv‡ii Rb¨ GB bw_wU cÖ¯‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖKvkbv:

AvBGbBB wbDBqK© I †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb evsjv‡`k, 2015

© AvBGbBB I †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb 2015me©¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z| GB DcKiYwUi ¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z, wKš‘ wk¶vi D‡Ï‡k¨ GwU cybtcÖKvk Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î Gi Abywjwc ˆZwi Kiv ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv cÖKvkbvq cybe©ënvi Kiv, Abyev` ev gy`ª‡Yi Rb¨ ¯^Z¡vwaKvixi KvQ †_‡K wjwLZfv‡e c~e© AbygwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e: [email protected].

Abyev` I m¤úv`bv: †gv. †iRvDj Kwig Gg. Kvgivb †R‡Kve

Aj¼iY: wcÖ›UµvdU †Kv¤úvwb wjwg‡UW

cÖ”Q` Av‡jvKwPÎ: GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi evsjv‡`k

02 Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvb-evsjv‡`k

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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶vi b~b¨Zg gvb-evsjv‡`k 03

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wkÿv †ÿ‡Î AvBGbBB b~b¨Zg gvb

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evsjv‡`k †cÖwÿZ

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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi †`kxqKiY

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GB bw_wU RvZxq, †Rjv, Dc‡Rjv I ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q AbywôZ 40wU civgk© Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g cÖ¯‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvZxq ch©v‡q GKwU KvwiMwi ch©v‡jvPbv `j (GgIB, wWwWGg, wWwcB, wWGmGBPB, bv‡qg, GbwmwUwe) Ôgvbmg~nÕ ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q| Gici wkÿv gš¿Yvj‡q GB bw_wU `vwLj Kiv nq Ges wkÿv gš¿Yvjq Zv GWz‡Kkb †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæ‡ci m`m¨‡ì‡K gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib| †`kxqKiY cÖwµqvq huviv Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb, Zuv‡ì c~Y©v½ ZvwjKv GB bw_i ÔK…ZÁZv ¯^xKviÕ As‡k D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Riæwi wfwË‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ AvBGbBB b~¨bZg gv‡bi †`kxqKiY m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ GB I‡qemvBUwU †`Lvi Aby‡iva iB‡jv: http://www.ineesite.org/minimum-standards/contextualization

Kxfv‡e GB bw_wU co‡Z n‡e

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huuviv AvBGbBBÕi g~j bw_ I cÖK…Z gvbmg~n m¤ú‡K© AwaKZi Rvb‡Z AvMÖnx Zuv‡ì‡K AvBGbBB b~¨bZg gvbmg~n 2010- Bs‡iwR ms¯‹iY †`Lvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Rvbv‡bv n‡jv|

D‡jøL Kiv cÖ‡qvRbÑGB bw_wU Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi †Kv‡bv mvwe©K g¨vbyqvj bq| eis evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î ¸YMZ gvb I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î b~¨bZg gvb eRvq ivLvi GKwU wb‡`©kbv|ÔRiæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvÕ m¤úwK©Z cÖwkÿY I ev¯Íevqb-mswkøó mvwe©K Z_¨mg~n (wbivc` we`¨vjq wbg©vY, GKxf‚Z wkÿv BZ¨vw`mn) †c‡Z AvBGbGbBÕi I‡qemvBU †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org

evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U †`kxqKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ GB g¨vbyqvjwU wbw`©ó mgqvšÍi ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e I Zv Av‡iv cwigvwR©Z Kiv n‡e| bw_i gvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ I mycvwik wb‡¤œv³ B-†gB‡j †cÖiY Kiv hv‡e: [email protected]

G m¤úwK©Z AwaKZi Z‡_ï Rb¨

êwk¦K gvbmg~‡ni AwZwi³ Z_¨ I DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/Toolkit

†hvMv‡hvM Kiæb: www.ineesite.org/join


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¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx

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êlg¨nxb mwµq I ¯^”Q AskMÖnY

¯‹zj eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©c¶ Dc‡iv³ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì wb‡q ÔcÖwZwbwa `jÕ MVb Ki‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg Dbœqb I ev¯Íevq‡bi mKj ch©v‡q ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx h‡_ó cwigv‡Y AskMÖnY Ki‡Q wK-bvÑZv wbwðZ nIqvi Rb¨ GB `jwU wbqwgZfv‡e civgk© cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

Ic‡i DwjøwLZ mKj `j eqm, †RÛvi, Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’vb, ivR‰bwZK mswkøóZv, ag©, bvMwiKZ¡, fvlv ev cÖwZewÜZvi Ae¯’v wbwe©‡k‡l ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|

wbiƒcY I cwiw¯’wZ we‡køl‡Y AskMÖnY

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ZxeªZv wbiƒcY I cwiw¯’wZ we‡køl‡Yi mKj ch©v‡q ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡klZ †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi cÖ_g, wØZxq I Z…Zxq ch©v‡q LvZwfwËK Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Y ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| (†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY I `y‡h©v‡Mi wewfbœ ch©v‡q Pvwn`v wbiƒcY msµvšÍ Z_¨ Rvbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb we‡kølY gvb 1: wbiƒcY)

we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I we`¨vjq KZ…©c¶ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg I Kvh©Ki mvov`vb Kg©m~wP mdjfv‡e ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ we`¨gvb cwiw¯’wZ we‡kølY Ki‡e| wkï‡ì wbivcËv wbwðZKi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ Dc‡iwjøwLZ ÔcÖwZwbwa `jÕ we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I we`¨vjq KZ…©c‡ÿi ZË¡veav‡b AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z we`¨vj‡qi SzuwKmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡e|

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Kg©m~wP cÖYqb I cwiKíbvq AskMÖnY

¯‹zj eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©c¶ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kg©m~wP cÖYqb Ki‡e| cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡ì aviYv, `ÿZv I mÿgZv‡K m‡e©v”P gvÎvq Kg©m~wP‡Z AšÍfy©³ Ki‡e| Kg©-cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq m¤ú` wPwýZKi‡Y cÖwZwbwa `‡ji AskMÖnY _vK‡e| GQvov ÔRb‡Mvôxi SzuwK wbiƒcYÕ, ÔbMi SzuwK wbiƒcYÕ I Ôwe`¨vj‡qi SzuwK wbiƒcYÕ-Gi gva¨‡g cÖ¯‘ZK…Z ÔSzuwK n«vm Kg©-cwiKíbvÕI ¯’vbxq m¤ú` e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| (†`Lyb: cvV`vb I wkLb gvb 1: cvV¨µg)

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg Ae¨vnZ ivLvi j‡¶¨ cÖwZwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Ôwe`¨vjq ch©v‡qi Dbœqb cwiKíbvÕq (SLIP) cÖvK-`y‡h©vM I `y‡h©vM-cieZ©x cÖkgb (Mitigation) Kvh©µg AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e|

`y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm

†hfv‡e BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU, Dc‡Rjv `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU, †cŠimfv `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU wbR-wbR GjvKvi `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm, cÖ¯‘wZ I mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I cixweÿYmn mvwe©K `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß †mfv‡eB Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wkÿv Awdm we`¨vjq ch©v‡q cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I cixweÿYmn mvwe©K `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß| ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ, Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awdm I Dc‡Rjv gva¨wgK wkÿv Awdm Ô¯’vbxq ̀ y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm cwiKíbvÕq we`¨vj‡qi SuywK n«vm welqK cÖ¯Ívemg~n AšÍf©yw³i Rb¨ A¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e|

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ev¯Íevqb, cixweÿY I g~j¨vq‡b AskMÖnY

¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU (cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU wb‡`©wkKvq †hfv‡e Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q) GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii ¯’vbxq mn‡hvMx ms¯’vi mn‡hvwMZvq I cÖwZwbwa `‡ji gva¨‡g Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb, cixwe¶Y I g~j¨vqb Ki‡e| g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kvh©µgI Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb, cixwe¶Y Ges g~j¨vq‡bi AšÍf©y³ n‡e|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Ae¨vnZ ivLvi mgq Kg©m~wP cÖYqb I bxwZ ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AwfÁZv AšÍfz©w³i Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi A¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e|

¯’vbxq ch©v‡q GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v (Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z RbM‡Yi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM msµvšÍ evZ©vmn) Z_¨ msMÖn, bw_KiY, ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q Zv Abykxjb I evZ©vmg~n‡K Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP cwiKíbvq AšÍf©y³ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU‡K mnvqZv Ki‡e| Rjevqy cwieZ©b, cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv, `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I `y‡h©v‡M wU‡K _vKvi †KŠkj‡KI Dc‡ivwjøwLZ cwiKíbvq AšÍfy©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| (†`Lyb we‡kølY gvb 3 I 4)

we`¨vjq feb‡K hLb Avkªq †K›`ª ev ÎvY weZiY †K›`ª wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv n‡e, ZLb we`¨vj‡qi mKj DcKiY I AvmevecÎ †hb wbivc‡` msi¶Y Kiv nq, ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mnvqZvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e| GQvov Avkªq †K›`ª ev ÎvY weZiY †K›`ª wn‡m‡e eëüZ nevi ci we`¨vjq febmg~n cybivq hLb cwic~Y© we`¨vjq wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv n‡e, we`¨vjq KZ…©c¶ mswkøó wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Kvh©Kifv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e| (†`Lyb: AwfMg¨Zv I wkLb cwi‡ek gvb 3: my‡hvM-myweav I †mevmg~n)


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gvb 2: m¤ú`mg~n

eq‡mvc‡hvMx wkLb my‡hvM ev¯Íevq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú` wPwýZ, GKwÎZ I eëüZ nq|

Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú`mg~n

evsjv‡`‡k Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú` ej‡Z hv †evSvq Zv wb¤œiƒc:gvbem¤ú`• ¯’vbxq †emiKvwi ms¯’v, civgk©K, wPwKrmK, c¨viv‡gwWK I dvqvi mvwf©m GÛ wmwfj

wW‡db&m, Avbmvi I MÖvg cywjk I g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©vKvix (mve-A¨vwmm‡U›U KwgDwbwU †gwWK¨vj Awdmvi)

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi Rb¨ Ges wkÿK I wkÿv-cÖkvmb Kg©xe„‡›ì Afve c~i‡Y ¯’vbxq †¯^”Qv‡meK‡ì‡K wb‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †gvKvwejvq ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Rjevqy cwieZ©b I Awf‡hvRb welqK wPšÍv, Ávb, `ÿZv I AwfÁZv‡K m¤ú` wnmv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I wkÿv-cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †bqvi †KŠkjI m¤ú‡ì AvIZvq we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| (†`Lyb: ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY gvb 1: AskMÖnY) Kv‡R jvMv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

e¯‘MZ m¤ú`

• A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’v‡bi (Temporary Learning Space - TLS) Rb¨ we`¨gvb AeKvVv‡gvmg~n, †hgbÑDc‡Rjv cÖkvmb Awdm GjvKv, Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdm, Dc‡Rjv wi‡mvm© †m›Uvi, K¬vemg~n, gmwR`, gw›ì, BDwbqb cwil` Ges GjvKvi GbwRI ev wbivc` febmg~n Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wbivc` fe‡bi ZvwjKv BDwbqb cwil‡ì D‡`¨v‡M ÔKgy¨wbwU wi¯‹ A¨v‡mm‡g›UÕ-Gi gva¨‡g cÖ¯‘ZK…Z ZvwjKv †_‡K msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|

• wUGjGm (TLS) cÖwZôv, we`¨vjqmg~n cybM©Vb ev AvswkKfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í wkÿv cÖwZôvbmg~n cybtwbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ ¯^í g~‡jï ¯’vbxq I mnRjf¨ DcKiY, †hgbÑKvV, euvk, Lo, †bŠKv BZ¨vw` eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|

Avw_©K m¤ú`• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg mPj Kiv I Zv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi j‡ÿ¨ AwZwi³

Znwej cÖ‡qvRb| miKvwi I †emiKvwi wewfbœ Drm †_‡K ewa©Z Avw_©K Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiKíbv Znwej, GbwRI

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Znwej, K‡c©v‡iU †m±‡ii Aby`vb, wkÿvbyivMx I mgvR‡mex‡ì Aby`vb Ges Dc‡Rjv I BDwbqb Ôwi¯‹ wiWvKkb A¨vKkb cøvbÕI ewa©Z Avw_©K Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Drm n‡Z cv‡i|

Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú` mgv‡ek¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mnvqZvq Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi wfwË‡Z ¯’vbxq m¤ú` wPwýZ I msMÖn Ki‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq m¤ú`mg~n‡K AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z ZvwjKvfz³ Kiv n‡e| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mv‡_ we¯ÍvwiZ ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡e| †Kvb ai‡bi m¤ú` mgv‡ek Kiv n‡e Ges Kxfv‡e Zv Av‡jvPbvq Avm‡e? ¯’vbxq m¤ú` mgv‡ek Kivi †ÿ‡Î BDwbqb cwil`‡KI AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ m¤ú` mgv‡e‡ki mgq cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, Lv`¨ weZiY, ¯^v¯’¨ myweav I Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q A_© Kg©m~wPmn Ab¨vb¨ Pjgvb mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi mv‡_ mgš^q iÿv Ki‡e|

wk¶v Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú‡ì eënvi

¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU, ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdmmg~n `y‡h©vM-c~e© I `y‡h©vM-cieZ©x ch©vqmn `y‡h©vM mvov`v‡bi mKj ch©v‡q GKxf‚Z wkÿvi Rb¨ GW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e| Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡e ¯‹zj †j‡fj BgcÖæf‡g›U cøvb I Dc‡Rjv cÖvBgvwi GWz‡Kkb cøvb-G Ae¨vnZ wkÿv AšÍfy©³ Kiv|Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †gvKvwejvq cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK Ges gv`ªvmv wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi wfwË‡Z we`¨v‡qi SzuwK eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi welqwU Zuv‡ì Kvh©µ‡g AšÍf©z³ Ki‡e| cwiKíbvwU m¤¢ve¨ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †gvKvwejvq ¯’vbxq m¤ú`mg~n wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡ì eënvi‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb Ki‡e| cÖv_wgK wkÿvi Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi KZ…©K cÖ¯‘ZK…Z µvwšÍKvjxb we`¨vj‡qi (Transitional School) KvVv‡gvMZ bKkv wbgœwjwLZ wjsK-G cvIqv hv‡e: http://educationclusterbd.org/download/

eq‡mvc‡hvMx wk¶vi ev¯Íevqbwkÿv_©xi eqm, mÿgZv Ges wkLb cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Ici wfwË K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM-myweav, wkLb welq I g‡bv-mvgvwRK D‡`¨vMmg~n wfbœ wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv-mswkøó D‡`¨vMmg~n we`¨vj‡qi evwl©K Dbœqb cwiKíbv‡K we‡ePbv K‡i cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e; hv wewfbœ ai‡bi wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`v, mÿgZv I eqm‡KI we‡ePbvq ivL‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î ¯’vb wbe©vPb, cqtwb®‹vkb myweav cÖwZôv, g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kvh©µg Ges cÖwkÿY I wkLb DcKiYmg~‡ni Dbœqb cÖf…wZi wfbœZvI Aek¨B we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| ZiæY Ges cÖvßeq¯‹ †g‡q I †Q‡j‡ì mgm¨v I Pvwn`vi aib wfbœ nIqvUvB ¯^vfvweK| DwjøwLZ mgm¨v I Pvwn`vmg~n wPwýZ KivUvI AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| (†`Lyb cÖwkÿY I wkÿv gvb 1 I 3)

wWwcB I BDwb‡md KZ©„K `y‡h©vM mnbkxj

A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’vb wfwËK mswÿßmvi Riæwi

cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ DcKvix:

http://www.unicef.org/education/files/draft_21_11_11.pdf


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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvq mgš^q we`¨gvb GKs Zv gvbm¤úbœ wkÿv Pvjy ivL‡Z I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K mnvqZv K‡i|

mgš^q c×wZ wb¤œwjwLZ wefvM, `ßi I cÖwZôv‡bi mgš^‡q wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î M‡o D‡V‡Q:

• wkÿv gš¿Yvjq• cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv gš¿Yvjq• cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi• gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv Awa`ßi• KvwiMwi wkÿv Awa`ßi• gv`ªvmv wkÿv Awa`ßi• DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv• †Rjv cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©ve„›`• Dc‡Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU• †Rjv `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU• Dc‡Rjv `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU• Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wkÿv Awdm• †Rjv cÖkvmb• †Rjv cwil`• Dc‡Rjv cÖkvmb• Dc‡Rjv cwil`• cve©Z¨ †Rjv cwil`• †Rjv wkÿv Kg©KZ©v• Dc‡Rjv gva¨wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v • †Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU• ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa • †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæc di GWz‡Kkb• †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæc di wWRv÷vi A¨vÛ Bgvi‡RwÝ †imcÝ• †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæc di K¬vB‡gU †PÄ GÛ Gbfvqib‡g›U • wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †Kv-AwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg • wi‡cÖ‡R‡›UwUf Ae Mfb©‡g›U AiMvbvB‡Rkb GÛ bb-Mfb©‡g›U AiMvbvB‡Rkb


Ae¨vnZ gvbm¤§Z wk¶vq mK‡ji AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †÷K‡nvìviiv KvR Ki‡eb

• cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi Ges gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi RvZxq ch©v‡q DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv, GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi I Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó‡ì mnvqZvq wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Ki‡e|

• mgMÖ †`‡kB miKvi KZ…©K wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP cwiPvwjZ n‡e| wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †Kv-AwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg-Gi c„ô‡cvlKZvq GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi Kg©iZ| GB K¬v÷vi wkÿv gš¿Yvjq, cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv gš¿Yvjq, gv ª̀vmv wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv, gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi I KvwiMwi wkÿv Awa`ß‡ii mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx mgš^q Ki‡e hv‡Z Ab¨vb¨ gvbweK mnvqZv `vbKvixiv wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP‡Z miKvi‡K mn‡hvwMZvq cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

• †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU ¯’vbxq GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v‡ì mgš̂‡q ’̄vbxq ch©v‡q Pvwn`v hvPvB, cwiKíbv, Z_¨ eë ’̄vcbv, m¤ú` mieivn, mÿgZv Dbœqb, Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb I A¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Kvh©µg mgš^q Ki‡e|

• mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡g GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi ¯^”Q †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡e| mvov`vb m¤úwK©Z Z_¨mg~n wkÿvLv‡Zi mKj †÷K‡nvìvi, we‡klZ cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv, KvwiMwi wkÿv Awa`ßi, gv`ªvmv wkÿv Awa`ßi, evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wkÿv †evW©, †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU, †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wkÿv Awdm, ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU, ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ, ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa `j I `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUmg~‡ni mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e|

• †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæc di GWz‡Kkb, `vZv‡Mvôx Ges mvov`vb mswkøó mn‡hvMx ms¯’v‡ì AskMÖn‡Y wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kivi j‡ÿ¨

A_©vq‡bi mgš^q†NvwlZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ ev †j‡fj-3 Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ-i Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi GBPwmwU-wUÕi mnvqZvq RvwZmsN d¬¨vk Avwcj Ges Kbmwj‡W‡UW Avwcj cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q hv‡e| GBPwmwUwU I GjwmwR-GWz‡Kkb gva¨‡g ivóªxq ch©v‡qi `vZv ms¯’vmg~‡ni Kv‡Q ¯’vbxq Avwcjmg~n Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿv mvov`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK Aby`vb msMÖn Ki‡Z K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| msM„nxZ Znwej wWwcB, weGbGdB, wWwUB I wWGmGBPBÕi civgk©µ‡g eënvi Kiv n‡e| G j‡ÿ¨ GKwU †KŠkj cÖYqb Kiv n‡e hvi gva¨‡g cybive„wË (Ifvij¨vwcs) Gov‡bv hv‡e Ges wRI-GbwRI mgwš^Z mvov`vb wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e Ges mvov`vb Znwej eënvi Kiv n‡e| wewfbœ ms¯’vmg~‡ni mvov`vb D‡`¨v‡Mi Ici wfwË K‡i †K, †Kv_vq, KLb, Kx Ki‡QÑZv wba©vi‡Y GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi GKwU 4-WvweøD WvUv‡eBR cÖYqb Ki‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ eëüZ Znwej, we`¨vj‡qi msL¨v Ges DcKvi‡fvMx‡ì Z_Ï GB WvUv‡eBR-Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e |

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mg‡qvc‡hvMx, ¯^”Q, Revew`wnZvg~jK I mgwš^Z Avw_©K eë¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡e|

• †`‡k cÖPwjZ mKj ai‡bi I mKj ch©v‡qi wkÿv (cÖvK-cÖv_wgK, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, D”P gva¨wgK, gv`ªvmv, DcAvbyôvwbK, e„wËg~jK I KvwiMwi wkÿv) GB mgš^‡qi AšÍf©z³ _vK‡e|

• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `j I GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v‡ì mnvqZvq ¯’vbxq BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi mv‡_ mgš^q Ki‡e| GB mgš^‡qi D‡Ïk¨ n‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z we`¨vj‡q wkÿv msµvšÍ D‡`¨vMmg~‡n Kxfv‡e BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„›` gvV-ch©v‡q Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi †ÿ‡Î evsjv‡`‡k Kg©iZ Ab¨vb¨ K¬v÷vi-Gi D‡`¨v‡Mi (†hgb: cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, wkïi myiÿv I Lv`¨ wbivcËv BZ¨vw`) mv‡_ mgš^q Ki‡e|


mgš^q


we‡kølYgvb 1: wbiƒcY

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvgwMÖK, ¯^”Q Ges AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ‡Z mg‡qvwPZ wkÿv Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv nq |

cÖviw¤¢K wkÿv wbiƒcY

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q evsjv‡`k wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †Kv-AwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg-Gi Aax‡b †RGbG (†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY) c×wZ‡Z cÖv_wgKfv‡e `ªæZ wkÿv Pvwn`v wbiƒcY m¤úvw`Z nq|

• wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g we`¨vj‡qi AeKvVv‡gvMZ ÿqÿwZ, wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq evav, AMÖvwaKviwfwËK Pvwn`v Ges DcAvbyôvwbK, cÖvK-cÖv_wgK, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, D”P gva¨wgK, gv`ªvmv, e„wËg~jK I KvwiMwimn mKj ai‡bi wkÿvi Pvwn`v msµvšÍ Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e|

wbiƒcY

• Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi cÖ_g c‡e© Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ m„wó nIqvi 72 NÈvi g‡a¨ ÔGmIGmÕ dg©, ÔwW-dg©Õ I wWGgAvBwm †_‡K cÖvß cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Ic‡i wfwË K‡i †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi (†RGbG) cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ¯‘Z m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e| cÖjq¼ix ̀ y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i Gwiqvj d‡UvMÖvwdI ÿqÿwZ wbiƒc‡Yi Ask n‡Z cv‡i|

• †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi wØZxq c‡e© BDwbqb cwil`‡KI AšÍfy©³ Kiv n‡e| †dvKvm MÖæc wWmKvkb I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨w³i mvÿvrKvi (Kx Bbdig¨v›U B›UviwfD) MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g ÿqÿwZi Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e| 16 w`‡bi g‡a¨ GB wbiƒc‡Yi cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk Kiv n‡e|

• Z…Zxq ch©v‡qi Pvwn`v wbiƒcY n‡e †m±i wfwËK I we¯ÍvwiZ| GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi GB ch©v‡q we`¨vj‡qi mywbw`©ó ÿwZ I Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ki‡e| hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j wØZxq c‡e©i †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ A‡cÿv bv K‡iB Z…Zxq c‡e©i Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi KvR ïiæ Kiv n‡e|

hw` †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi wm×všÍ bv nq, Ges GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i, Zvn‡j hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi DcKiY eënvi K‡i GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷viB wbiƒcY Kvh©µg ïiæ Ki‡e|

evsjv‡`‡k eZ©gvb Riæwi wbiƒcY eë¯’vi g‡a¨ AšÍfy©³ i‡q‡Q:

1) GmIGm dg© I wW-dg© (W¨v‡gR dg©) Gi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ I ¯’vbxq cÖkvm‡bi KvQ †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv nq|

2) wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †Kv-AwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg JNA (http://www.lcgbangladesh.org/JNA%20materials%20update.php) hv †K›`ªxq ch©v‡qi wm×všÍ-cÖYqb mfv †_‡K wba©viY nq|

3) ch©vq 3-Gi wbiƒcY Kv‡R GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii ch©vq 3- wkÿv welqK Pvwn`v wbiƒcY DcKiY (http://educationclusterbd.org/download/) eënvi Kiv nq|

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mvwe©K, ¯^”Q I AskMÖnYg~jK wbiƒcY

• GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii †Kv-wjWe„›` Ô†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY (†RGbG)Õ-Gi g~j `j‡K mn‡hvwMZv †`‡e| wkLb welqK cwiKíbv, ev¯Íevqb I †iKW© msiÿ‡YI mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| GQvov wkÿv-mswkøó Bmy¨mg~n e¨vwß I my‡hvM-myweav Abymv‡i h_vh_fv‡e Ô†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcYÕ-G AšÍf©y³ n‡”Q wK-bvÑZv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ Gi DcKiY I c×wZ m¤úwK©Z ch©v‡jvPbvq mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

• ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKvmg~‡n ÿqÿwZi cÖfve msµvšÍ Z_¨ †RGbG-†K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv Ges gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi‡K Awfbœ DcKiY (BDwbdg© Uzj) eënvi Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡e|

• †RGbG Ôch©vq 1Õ I Ôch©vq 2Õ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi GKwU mvgwMÖK wPÎ cÖ`vb Ki‡e| Ôch©vq 3Õ wbw`©ó †cÖÿvc‡U Riæwi mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq mÿgZv, m¤ú` I †KŠkjmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡e| Ôch©vq 3Õ-G wkÿv cwiw¯’wZi mvgwMÖK wPÎ we‡køl‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxmn cÖwZwbwa `j‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ôch©vq 3Õ wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨ I Dcv‡Ëi h_v_©Zv ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q Dc‡Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwUi gva¨‡g Ges †K›`ªxq ch©v‡q gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv I cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ß‡ii gva¨‡g

m¤úvw`Z n‡e| gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv I cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ß‡ii h_vh_ GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U Bbd‡g©kb wm‡÷g i‡q‡Q, hvi mvnv‡h¨ we`¨vjqmg~‡ni †eBR jvBb Z_¨ I cÖvK-`y‡h©vM cwiw¯’wZ Rvbv †h‡Z cv‡i|


mgš^q


gvb 2: mvov`vb †KŠkjmg~n

AskMÖnYg~jK wkÿv mvov`vb †KŠkjmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †cÖÿvcU, wkÿvi AwaKv‡ii cÖwZeÜKZv I Gme cÖwZeÜKZv AwZµg Kivi †KŠkj m¤úwK©Z my¯úó weeiY|

wk¶v mvov`vb †KŠkj

• evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ÔmK‡ji Rb¨ wk¶vÕ bxwZ Abyhvqx mKj wkïi êlg¨nxbfv‡e I webv g~‡j¨ wkÿv jv‡fi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|

• cÖv_wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi; gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi; evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW©; DcAvbyôvwbK wk¶v ey¨‡iv; cÖwkÿY cÖwZôvbmg~n †hgb: b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U, b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di cÖvBgvwi GWz‡Kkb I cÖvBgvwi wUPvm© †Uªwbs Bbw÷wUDU; b¨vkbvj KvwiKzjvg A¨vÛ †UK÷eyK †evW©; `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv Awa`ßi; I GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Lv‡Zi mvgwMÖK cwiw¯’wZ we‡kølY Ges mvov`vb †KŠkj wba©vi‡Y AskMÖnY Ki‡e| Ges GwUI wbwðZ Ki‡e †h, †KŠkjwU RvZxq wk¶v Kg©m~wP I ÔmK‡ji Rb¨ wk¶vÕ bxwZi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y©| GwU wk¶v-msµvšÍ miKv‡ii g~j j‡¶ï mv‡_ m¤ú~iK Kvh©µg wn‡m‡eI KvR Ki‡e|

• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ we`¨vjq ch©v‡q cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mv‡_, Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q Dc‡Rjv wk¶v `ß‡i Dc‡Rjv wk¶v mgš^q KwgwUi mv‡_ Riæwi wk¶v Kvh©µ‡g †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖvß Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K †hb cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯’vw` M„nxZ nq, Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

• cÖv_wgK wk¶v mvov`vb †KŠkj Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q cÖv_wgK wk¶v cwiKíbvi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡e|

• mvov`vb †KŠkj ïaygvÎ wk¶v Kvh©µg cybiæ×vi Kg©m~wPi g‡a¨B mxgve× _vK‡e bv eis wk¶v eë¯’vq Rjevqy cwieZ©b, cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv I `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm welqmg~n‡KI AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e|

wk¶vq AwaKv‡ii †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq cÖwZeÜKZv

evsjv‡`‡k wkÿvq me©Rbxb AwaKv‡ii c‡_ †h mKj evav cwijwÿZ nq, Zv wb¤œiƒc:

• we`¨vjqmg~n `y‡h©vMKv‡j AvkÖq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq

• we`¨vjqmg~n AvkÖq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e eënvi Kivi mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv wb‡`©kbv bvB

• we`¨vjqwfwËK AvkÖq‡K›`ª †_‡K ¯’vbPz¨Z gvby‡liv P‡j hvIqvi c‡i we`¨vj‡qi ¯^vfvweK Kvh©µg ïiæ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Rb¨ AwZwi³ Avw_©K eivÏ _v‡K bv

• Ae¨vnZ wkÿvi Rb¨ †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv cÖkvm‡bi Avc`Kvjxb Znwej eënvi Kivi weavb bvB

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• m¤ú~Y© aŸsmcÖvß we`¨vjq cybwb©g©v‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Avw_©K eivÏ cÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv LyeB axi

• `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ cwievimg~‡ni wkïiv DcvR©bgyLx †ckvq RwoZ n‡q c‡o

• wkÿvq ÿwZ AbMÖmi Rb‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q cÖK…Z ÿwZ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq bv, †h Kvi‡Y Rb‡Mvôx I `y‡h©vM mvov`vbKvix‡ì Kv‡Q GwU cÖvqkB AMÖvwaKvihy³ Kvh©µg e‡j we‡ewPZ nq bv

• †`‡ki cÖPwjZ cÖwkÿY KvwiKzjv‡gi AvIZvq wkÿK‡ì‡K †h cÖwkÿY †`qv nq, Zv ÔRiæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvÕ Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ h‡_ó bv

• †g‡qwkïiv we`¨vj‡q Avmv-hvIqvi c‡_ wbivc` bv

• aŸsmcÖvß cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I e¨w³MZ cwiQbœZv (Iqvk) myweavw`nxbZv we`¨vj‡q †g‡qwkï‡ì Dcw¯’wZi †ÿ‡Î GKwU eo evav

• Lye †QvU wkï‡ì cvPvi, cvwb‡Z Wz‡e g„Zz¨ I mv‡ci Kvg‡oi SzuwK i‡q‡Q

• wkLb †K‡›`ªi wbivcËv mxwgZ

• hvZvqvZ/PjvPj eë¯’v aŸsmcÖvß nIqvi Kvi‡Y wkïiv we`¨vj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i bv

• `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ A‡bK cwievi ¯’vbPz¨Z nq Ges Zviv †hLv‡b hvq A‡bK mgqB †mLv‡b KvQvKvwQ †Kv‡bv we`¨vjq ev wkLb †K›`ª _v‡K bv|

• c×wZMZ cixweÿY †hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi DcvË Ômevi Rb¨ wkÿvÕi c‡_ evavmg~n I we`¨gvb mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji Kvh©KvwiZv wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges mvov`vb †KŠkj nvjbvMv`Ki‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡e|

cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n AwZµ‡gi †KŠkj

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi cÖwZeÜKZv `~i Kivi j‡ÿ¨ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ÔAvkÖq‡K›`ª eë¯’vcbv bxwZÕ h_vh_fv‡e AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| 1. AvkÖq‡K›`ª eë¯’vcbv bxwZ Abyhvqx mKj AvkÖq‡K›`ª Ggbfv‡e wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb ¯^vfvweK mg‡q †m¸‡jv we`¨vjq wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| 2. Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi GKwU Ask A¯’vqx we`¨vjq wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡e|

• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwUi m`më„›` AvkÖq‡K›`ª eë¯’vcbv Kvh©µ‡g Ask wb‡eb, †hb Zuviv ¯‹z‡j AvkÖq MÖnYKvix‡ì‡K Avc`Kvjxb AvkÖq‡K›`ª eënv‡ii wbqgvewj †g‡b Pj‡Z civgk© I wb‡`©kbv w`‡Z cv‡ib|

• wkÿv mvov`vb †KŠkj I Riæwi cwiKíbvq ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU‡K Avw_©K eivÏ cÖ`v‡bi weavb _vK‡e, †hb Avkªq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e eënv‡ii c‡i Zviv †mUv‡K we`¨vjq wn‡m‡e eënv‡ivc‡hvMx K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|


mgš^q


• wkLb ¯’vb wk¶v_©x, wk¶K (cyiæl I gwnjv), wkï Ges cÖwZeÜx, msL¨vjNy wkï, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Ges †g‡q‡ì Rb¨ †hb wbivc` I mnRMg¨ wK-bvÑZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| A¯’vqx wkLb‡K‡›`ª Iqvk (WASH) myweavi cÖwZ we‡kl gb‡hvM †`qv n‡e|

• wUwdb A_ev `ycy‡ii Lvevi Riæwi wkÿv Kg©m~wPi Ask nIqv DwPZ|

• wbivcËv, Rjevqy cwieZ©b I `y‡h©vM SzuwKmg~n‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU, cÖwZwbwa `j Ges Dc‡Rjv wk¶v KZ…©c‡¶i mnvqZvq Kg©m~wP cÖYq‡bi mgq †m¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

• wkÿK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kg©xi NvUwZ c~i‡Y ¯‹yj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU Dc‡Rjv wk¶v Awd‡mi ZË¡veav‡b I BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi mn‡hvwMZvq †¯^”Qv‡mex wk¶K wb‡qvM `vb Ki‡e| mKj wkÿK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK †¯^”Qv‡mex‡K Dchy³ m¤§vbx cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| wkÿK‡ì hvZvqvZ, Zv‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK †mev Ges B›Uvi-†m‡±vivj mgš^q we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶Ke„›` mswkøó GjvKvi wkÿv_©x‡ì wcZv-gvZvi evwo‡Z hv‡eb Ges Zuviv †hb Zuv‡ì mšÍvb‡ì‡K A¯’vqx wkLb †K‡›`ª cvVvb, †m e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• †¯^”Qv‡mex wkÿK‡ì wb‡qvM ¯^”Q cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q m¤úvw`Z n‡e Ges GB cÖwµqvq cÖwZwbwa `j I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdm‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv n‡e|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wbiƒcY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv I wk¶v mvov`vb Kg©m~wP GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ wk¶v K¬v÷vi mn‡hvMx, ¯’vbxq wk¶v KZ…©c¶, ¯‹yj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU, wk¶K, †¯^”Qv‡mex I DcvË msMÖvnK‡ì (WvUv Kv‡j±i) m¶gZv ˆZwi Kiv n‡e|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Kvb †Kvb we`¨vj‡q wkÿv Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi mn‡hvwMZvq I Dc‡Rjv wk¶v `ß‡ii ZË¡veav‡b Zv wbe©vPb Ki‡e|

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gvb 3: cixweÿYwkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi µgea©gvb wkLb Pvwn`vi wbqwgZ cixweÿY nq|

• wk¶v mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi wbqwgZ cixwe¶‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdm Kvh©Ki cixweÿY c×wZ cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡e, hv Riæwi mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi ïiæ †_‡KB Pvjy Kiv n‡e Ges cybiæ×vi ch©v‡qI Zv mwµq _vK‡e| wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvm‡bi mKj Kg©x‡ì wbivcËv I myiÿv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ D³ cixweÿY c×wZ mKj ai‡bi wkÿvi †ÿ‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|

• DcAvbyôvwbK, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv ch©v‡q Dc‡Rjv wk¶v Awdm KZ…©Kcixwe¶Y Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ n‡e| GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi-Gi ¯’vbxq mn‡hvMxe„›` cixwe¶Y c×wZ‡Z cwic~Y© mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| GB c×wZ‡Z AšÍfy©³ _vK‡e:

• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU

• wk¶Ke„›`

• wk¶v_©xe„›`

• cÖwZwbwa `j (wec`vcbœ `jmn)

• BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU

• cixwe¶Y c×wZ‡Z AšÍfy©³ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`më„›`‡K Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg cixwe¶‡Y cÖwkw¶Z K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e|

• †Rjv wk¶v Awdm Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v Kvh©µg cixwe¶Y Kivi Kv‡R Dc‡Rjv wk¶v Awdm‡K ZË¡veavb Ki‡e, cÖ‡qvR‡b KvwiMwi mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

• GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q m¤úvw`Z cixwe¶Y cÖwZ‡e`‡b cÖvß Dcv‡Ëi Ic‡i wfwË K‡i RvZxq ch©v‡q cixwe¶Y Kvh©µg m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß KZ…©cÿ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| cÖv_wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wk¶v Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wk¶v ey¨‡iv I wk¶v K¬v÷vi RvZxq ch©v‡q cixwe¶Y Kvh©µg wbwðZ Ki‡e| RvZxq ch©v‡q m¤úvw`Z cixweÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨ I DcvË †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf di GWz‡Kkb, †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf di wWRv÷vi GÛ Bgv‡R©wÝ †imcbm, †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf di K¬vB‡gU †PÄ GÛ Gbfvqib‡g›U Ges wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †Kv-AwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg-Gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| cÖv_wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wk¶v Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wk¶v ey¨‡iv Ges evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW©-Gi GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U Bbdi‡gkb wm‡÷g G‡¶‡Î mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|


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^q cixweÿY cÖwµqv †hme welqvwì Ic‡i Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡e Zv wb¤œiƒc:

• wkÿv_©x‡ì Dcw¯’wZ I S‡i cov

• wkÿK‡ì Dcw¯’wZ

• g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©v cwiKíbvi ev¯Íevqb I Kvh©KvwiZv

• wec`vcbœ wkï‡ì (ZiæY wkï, cÖwZeÜx wkï, msL¨vjNy wkï, Pi, nvIi I cvnvwo GjvKvi wkï, ¯^v¯’¨ I Lv`¨ wbivcËvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wkï, †g‡q wkï) cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`vi cÖkgb

• wkïi myiÿv

• bvix I cyiæl wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Pvix‡ì we‡kl Pvwn`v

• Rjevqy cwieZ©b I Awf‡hvRb wkÿvmn `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm

• wkÿK, wkÿv_©x I Rb‡Mvôxi Ic‡i †bwZevPK cÖfve

cwiexÿY cÖwµqvq wb¤œwjøwLZ wec`vcbœ gvbyl‡KI AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e:

• cÖwZeÜx gvbyl

• ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôx, mvs¯‹…wZK, fvlvMZ I ag©xq msL¨vjNy

• Af¨šÍixY Awfevmx Ges wew”Qbœ Pi, DcK‚jxq Øxc A_ev mn‡R †cuŠQv‡bv hvq bv Ggb GjvKvi gvbyl|


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gvb 4: g~j¨vqb

wbqgZvwš¿K I wbi‡cÿ g~j¨vqb wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi DbœwZ mvab K‡i Ges Revew`wnZv‡K mg„× K‡i|c×wZMZ g~j¨vqb

RvZxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji wba©vwiZ D‡Ïk¨ I djvd‡ji Av‡jv‡K Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi wbqwgZ g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq mKj ai‡bi wkÿv‡K (cÖv_wgK wkÿv, gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv, KvwiMwi wkÿv, gv`ªvmv wkÿv) AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e| g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq wb¤œewY©Z welqmg~n we‡ewPZ n‡e:

• wkÿv welqK Pvwn`v hvPvB• mvov`vb †KŠkj cÖ¯‘Z• Znwej msMÖn• wkÿK wb‡qvM• †¯^”Qv‡mex I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©KZ©v• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP ev¯Íevqb• mÿgZv Dbœqb• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖwZ `vqe×Zv I cÖwZkÖæwZ• wkÿK I wkÿv_©x Dcw¯’wZ• wkÿv_©x S‡i cov• mvov`v‡bi Kvh©KvwiZvwbi‡cÿ g~j¨vqb

GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi cÖv_wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wk¶v Awa`ßi, gv`ªvmv wkÿv Awa`ßi, evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW© I DcAvbyôvwbK wk¶v ey¨‡ivi mn‡hvwMZvq me ai‡bi wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv D‡`¨vMmg~n g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ G·Uvibvj g~j¨vqbKvix wb‡qvM Ki‡e| GKxf‚Z (BbK¬zwmf) I AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q wkÿv mswkøó mKj cÖwZôvb‡K g~j¨vqb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM m„wó Kiv n‡e| AskMÖnYKvix cÖwZôvbmg~n g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvi mKj ¯Í‡iB AskMÖnY Ki‡e|

g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv †hfv‡e wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi gv‡bvbœqb K‡i

Abykxjb, mycwiPh©v I †Km ÷vwWmg~n cÖYqb I wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv Kivi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q fwel¨r mvov`vb cÖwµqvi gv‡bvbœqb I Revew`wnZv e„w× Kiv| GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„›`, wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb Uv¯‹ wU‡gi m`më„›`, wkÿv I `y‡h©vM welqK †jvKvj Kbmvj‡UwUf MÖæc, wkÿv gš¿Yvjq, cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv gš¿Yvjq, cÖv_wgK wk¶v Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wk¶v Awa`ßi, gv`ªvmv wkÿv Awa`ßi, evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wk¶v †evW© I DcAvbyôvwbK wk¶v ey¨‡iv-†K †Km ÷vwW I cÖwZ‡e`bmg~n cÖ`vb Ki‡e|


g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv †hfv‡e `vqe×Zv‡K mg„× K‡i

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ, wkÿK, wkÿv_©x, AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwamn mKj †÷K‡nvìvi g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq AšÍf©y³ n‡eb| ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq wb¤œwjøwLZ †÷‡nvìvimg~n AšÍf©z³ n‡eb:• †Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v I gva¨wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v• †Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU• Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v I gva¨wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©v• Dc‡Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU• Dc‡Rjv `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU• BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU• we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU• wkÿK, wkÿv_©x • cÖwZwbwa `j• AwffveK mwgwZ• wcwUG

g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`‡b wkÿv-mswkøó †Kv‡bv †÷K‡nvìv‡ii cÖwZ AvµgYvZ¥K fvlv †hb eënvi Kiv bv nq, †m-wel‡q jÿ¨ ivLv DwPr| cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Z_¨ I DcvË †hb e¯‘wbô I cÖgvYmv‡cÿ nq| g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b P‚ovšÍKi‡Yi c~‡e© Zv ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi mfvcwZ I †m‡µUvwimn Dc‡Rjv I †Rjv wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU, Ges RvZxq ch©v‡q cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P wkÿv Awa`ßi, KvwiMwi wkÿv †evW©, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv I GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi KZ…©K mZ¨vwqZ (f¨vwj‡W‡UW) n‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ‡e`‡b hw` ms‡e`bkxj †Kv‡bv Z_¨ _v‡K Zvn‡j Z_¨ cÖ`vbKvixi bvg D‡jøL Kiv DwPr n‡e bv|

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gvb 1: mgvb AwfMg¨ZvmKj wkïi ¸YMZ gvbm¤úbœ wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv i‡q‡Q|

cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv i‡q‡Q

• evsjv‡`‡k RvwZ, ag©, b„‡Mvôx I ms¯‹…wZ wbwe©‡k‡l mKj wkïiB gvbm¤§Z wkÿv cvevi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| ag©xq msL¨vjNy, ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôx, Af¨šÍixY DØv¯‘, cÖZ¨šÍ I `yM©g GjvKvmg~‡n emevmKvix wkï, cÖwZeÜx I we‡kl Pvwn`vm¤úbœ wkï, †g‡q, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix, `wi`ª wkï I †ckvRxex wkïÑmK‡jiB gvbm¤§Z wkÿv eë¯’vq AwfMg¨Zv _vK‡Z n‡e|

• wkÿvq AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q AvbyôvwbK wkÿv, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, D”P gva¨wgK, ag©xq, KvwiMwi, e„wËg~jK I D”P wkÿv|

• ¯‹zj eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ A¯’vqx wkLb †K‡›`ª wkÿK I wkÿv_©x‡ì hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ me ai‡bi ûgwK wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges cÖwZwbwa ̀ ‡ji mv‡_ civgk© K‡i we`¨vjq‡K wkÿK I wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ wbivc` I myiwÿZ ivLvi e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc wb‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv Lye †QvU wkï, evjK, evwjKv, bvix wkwÿKv, ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôxi †Kv‡bv wkï I cÖwZeÜx wkï ¯‹z‡j hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ ûgwK Abyfe K‡i A_ev wUwRs-Gi wkKvi nq, Zvn‡j `ªæZ c`‡ÿc †bqv DwPZ| GKwU c`‡ÿc n‡Z cv‡i wkï‡ì `je×fv‡e wkLb †K‡›`ª hvZvqvZ A_ev wkÿK, †R¨ô wkÿv_©x, †¯^”Qv‡mex ev AwffveK/wcZv-gvZvi mv‡_ hvZvqvZ|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wbwg©Z A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’vb ÿwZMÖ¯Í I DØv¯‘ Rb‡Mvôxi KvQvKvwQ cÖwZwôZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb hv‡Z mKj wkïi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ nq| A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’vb cÖZ¨šÍ I `yM©g GjvKv †_‡K AvMZ cÖwZeÜx wkï, †g‡q, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ AwfMg¨ n‡Z n‡e; †`Lyb: (AwfMg¨Zv I wkLb cwi‡ek gvb 3: my‡hvM-myweav I †mevmg~n)

†ÿÎ 2: AwfMg¨Zv IwkLb cwi‡ek

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m‡PZbZv-m„wó Kvh©µg

• cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK Dfq ch©v‡qi wkÿKe„›` Ges ̄ ‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwUi m`më„›` wkÿv_©x‡ì wcZv-gvZv/AwffveK‡K AbycÖvwYZ Kivi Rb¨ÑZv‡ì evwo wbqwgZ cwi`k©b Ki‡eb (we‡klZ †mB mKj †ÿ‡Î, †hLv‡b wkïiv wewfbœ Kvi‡Y we`¨vj‡q hvq bv) †hb Zuviv wkï‡ì‡K we`¨vjq/A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’v‡b †cÖiY K‡ib|

• Pi (Øxcf~wg), DcK‚jeZ©x ev cÖZ¨šÍ GjvKv †_‡K AvMZ cÖwZeÜx wkï, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix, ag©xq msL¨vjNy wkï, †g‡q, DØv¯‘ (Af¨šÍixY) wkï Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì wcZv-gvZv‡K Aby‡cÖiYv cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ AwZwi³ cwi`k©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

• we`¨vjq/A¯’vqx wkLb ̄ ’v‡bi c‡_ hw` †Kv‡bv SuywK _v‡K, Zvn‡j AwffveK‡ì DwPZ wkï‡ì‡K we`¨vj‡q hvIqv-Avmvi c‡_ m½ †`qv| m‡PZbZv m„wó Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU I we`¨vjq KZ©„cÿ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji KvQ †_‡K mnvqZv wb‡Z cv‡i|

• GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi-Gi ¯’vbxq mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„›` Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mswkøó Kvh©µg ev¯ÍevqbKvixe„›`-Gi D‡`¨vMx nIqv DwPZ Ges mgš^q Kiv DwPZ †hb wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv welqKZ_¨ cÖPvi m¤¢e nq| G e¨vcv‡i bvbvwea D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †hgbÑDVvb êVK, gv‡q‡ì mfv, Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q A_©, cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg BZ¨vw`|

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• wkÿv_©xiv RvZxqfv‡e wba©vwiZ cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv AR©b Ki‡Q, Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wkLb cwi‡ek n‡Z n‡e Avb›`gq Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq cqtwb®‹vkb myweavw`, cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Dbœqb Kvh©µg, g‡bv-mvgvwRK DcKiYmn welqwfwËK cvV¨m~wP, AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwkÿY I wkLb c×wZ I we‡bv`bg~jK myweavw` _vK‡Z n‡e|

• wkï‡ì cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv cÖgvwYZ nq cvewjK cixÿv I evwl©K cixÿvi ga¨ w`‡q| ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ wkÿv_©xi cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv AR©b‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Kx cov‡Z n‡e Zv wba©viY Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î

DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv_©x I we`¨vjq ewnf~©Z wkï‡ì Pvwn`v‡KI ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

• AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿvq RvZxq KZ…©cÿ KZ…©K wba©vwiZ cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv AR©b n‡q‡Q wK nq wb Zvi Ici wbf©i Ki‡e cÖ`Ë wkÿvi gvb|

cÖvmw½K wkÿv

• we‡kl Pvwn`vm¤úbœ wkï‡ì Rb¨ (†hgb, wcwQ‡q cov wkÿv_©x, cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x, Aevsjvfvlx, b„ZvwË¡K ev ag©xq msL¨vjNy, RwUj †iv‡M AvµvšÍ wkï BZ¨vw`) wkÿv Aek¨B Zv‡ì Rb¨ cÖvmw½K I Dc‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e|

• mywbw`©ó cÖvmw½K Pvwn`vi Ici wfwË K‡i AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK Dfq ai‡bi wkÿv‡KB wkLb ¯’v‡b RvqMv w`‡Z n‡e| AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq AšÍf©z³ bq hviv Zviv DcAvbyôvwbK wkLb ¯’vb eënvi Ki‡e|

• wbqwgZ wkÿv_©x‡ì †jLvcov Ae¨vnZ ivLvi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK wkLb ¯’vb _vK‡e| Z‡e wewfbœ K¬v‡mi mgqm~wP (K¬vm wkwWDj) I wkLb NÈv Ges cvVv`vb c×wZ bgbxq n‡Z cv‡i| †hgbÑ mn-wkÿv, AvZ¥¯’ Kivi Rb¨ AwZwi³ mgq, wcwQ‡q cov wkÿv_©x ev cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ we‡kl wkÿvi eë¯’v BZ¨vw`| GQvov g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi my‡hvMI _vK‡Z n‡e| (†`Lyb: wkLb †kLv‡bv gvb 1: cvV¨m~wP)

¸YMZ gvbm¤úbœ wkÿvi Rb¨ A_© †hvMvb

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z h‡_ó cwigvY Avw_©K I mÿg gvbe m¤ú‡ì NvUwZ ¸YMZgvbm¤úbœ wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq `ÕwU cÖavb evav e‡j we‡ewPZ nq| cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi, gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi, DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv, evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wkÿv †evW© Ges GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi Avw_©K, e¯‘MZ Ges gvbe m¤ú‡` NvUwZ `~i Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wkÿv-mswkøó cÿmg~‡ni g‡a¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mgš^q Ki‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK m¤úª`vq, BDGb G‡RwÝmg~n, GbwRI, evwYwR¨K cÖwZôvb I ̄ ’vbxq RbMY n‡Z cv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤ú‡ì NvUwZ `~i Kivi †ÿ‡Î m¤¢ve¨ Kvh©Ki Drm n‡Z cv‡i, hv‡ì KvQ †_‡K m¤ú` msMÖn Kiv hvq|

AwfMg¨Z

v I wkLb cwi‡ek


gvb 2: myiÿv I Kj¨vY _vKvwkLb cwi‡ekmg~n wbivc` I wbwe©Nœ Ges wkÿv_©x, wkÿKe„›` I wkÿv cÖkvmb mswkøó‡ì Rb¨ wbivcËv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mg„w× weavb K‡i|

wbivc` I wbwðZ wkLb cwi‡ek

• wkLb cwi‡ek n‡Z n‡e Avc`gy³ hv wkÿv_©x I wkÿK‡ì ÿwZi KviY n‡Z cv‡i| GB cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z †h mKj welqvw`‡K Avc` e‡j we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e Zv n‡”Q, ̂ `wnK I g‡bv¯ÍvwË¡K wbcxob, mvgvwRK ûgwK, cÖZviYv, Ae‡njv I mš¿vm|

• hw` wkLb †K›`ª ev we`¨vjq feb K¬vm Pvwj‡q †bqvi Rb¨ wbivc` bv nq, Zv n‡j weKí wbivc` ¯’vb Lyu‡R †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ‡K Aek¨B cÖwZwbwa `‡ji g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb ÿwZMÖ¯Í ev DØv¯‘ RbM‡Yi KvQvKvwQ GKwU Dchy³ ¯’vb Lyu‡R †ei Kiv hvq| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mnvqZvq A¯’vqx wkLb †K›`ª cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a D³ ¯’v‡bi gvwjK ev ¯^Z¡vwaKvix‡K cÖfvweZ Kivi Rb¨ DØy×KiY Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

• wkLb †K›`ªwU A¯’vqx ev ¯’vqx hv-B †nvK bv †Kb, Zv `y‡h©vM SzuwKgy³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| wkÿKe„›` wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K †kLv‡ebÑKxfv‡e Zviv we`¨vjq I wbR-wbR evwo‡Z `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm Ki‡Z cv‡i| †kÖwYKÿwfwËK Abykxjb Ges wkLb †K‡›`ªi gva¨‡g AvMvg mZK©evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì‡K aviYv †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| GKB mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e©, `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq I `y‡h©vM-cieZ©x mg‡q KiYxq I wbwl× welqmg~n wkÿv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• M„nwfwËK ev evwo‡Z †jLvcov wkï‡ì wbivcËv I myiÿv w`‡Z cv‡i| wbM„nxZ nIqvi †ÿ‡Î M„‡n †jLvcov wkL‡bi e¨vcviwU GKwU my‡hvM wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i|

wkLb cwi‡ek, hv wbivcËv cÖ`vb K‡i

• hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j wkLb †K‡›`ªi wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ cywjk, MÖvg cywjk ev †¯^”Qv‡meK (mvB‡K¬vb wcÖcv‡iW‡bm †cÖvMÖvg (wmwcwc), bMi †¯^”Qv‡meK wb‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• ZiæY wkÿv_©x, †g‡q, bvix wkwÿKv Ges b„ZvwË¡K msL¨vjNy Ges cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkLb †K‡›`ª Avmv-hvIqvi c‡_ wkÿK, †R¨ô wkÿv_©x, †¯^”Qv‡mex, wcZv gvZv/AwffveK Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖwkÿKe„›` wbivcËv I myiÿv‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡eb|

Awf

Mg¨Z

v I wk

Lb c

wi‡e

k


• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| G Kvi‡Y ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU BDwbqb wWRv÷vi g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwUi mnvqZvq A¯’vqx wkLb †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ GKwU wbivc` ¯’vb Lyu‡R †ei Kivi j‡ÿ¨ ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

• A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’v‡b AwfMg¨Zvi ûgwK wbiƒc‡Y cÖwZwbwa `j †¯^”Qv‡mex wb‡qv‡M mwµq f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| GQvov †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i I evB‡i mš¿vm `~i Kivi Rb¨ mgvavb Luy‡R †ei Ki‡e, †hgbÑDrcxob, †hŠb wbcxob, ˆ`wnK wbcxob, cÖZviYv, ivR‰bwZK Kvh©µg I mš¿v‡m wkï‡ì eënvi BZ¨vw`|

Dchy³ wkLb cwi‡ek, hv g‡bvmvgvwRK Kj¨vY‡K DØy× K‡i

†kÖwYK‡ÿi Av‡qvRb, cÖwkÿY I wkLY DcKiY Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv DcKiY n‡Z n‡e, †hb Zv mK‡ji Kv‡QB MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq| Dchy³ cÖwkÿY I ch©vß DcKiY mnvqZvg~jK I g‡bvmvgvwRK ¯^v¯’¨Ki wkLb cwi‡ek ˆZwi Ki‡e| Dc‡Rjv wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv-mswkøó wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwkÿY Av‡qvRb Ki‡e Ges Dc‡Rjv wi‡mvm© †m›Uvi-Gi gva¨‡g g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi mn‡hvMxe„›` Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z eënv‡ivc‡hvMx wkÿv DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wkÿK I GmGgwm m`më„‡›ì Rb¨ Pvwn`v Abyhvqx g‡bv-mvgvwRK cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e|

b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U I b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di cÖvBgvwi GWz‡Kkb-Gi cÖwkÿY cvV¨m~wP‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z welqmg~n, we‡klZ wkï myiÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi welqmg~n AšÍfz©³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g m¤ú„³ wkÿK I GmGgwm m`më„‡›ì Rb¨ wi‡d«kvi cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

g‡bv-mvgvwRKfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨Ki wkLb cwi‡ek wbf©i K‡i Dchy³ cÖwkÿY I ch©vß wkLb DcKiY mieiv‡ni Ici| GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„›` Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z c~e©wba©vwiZ gvbm¤úbœ (standardized) wkÿv DcKiY PvB‡Z cv‡ib Ges wkÿv KZ…©cÿ ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q eB gRyZ K‡i ivL‡Z cv‡ib| wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q wbiƒcYK…Z Pvwn`vi Ici wfwË K‡i †hŠ_ mvov`vb †KŠkj I cwiKíbv cÖbqY Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿv, Iqvk I we‡bv`bg~jK DcKiYmg~n‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e|

AwfMg¨Z

v I wkLb cwi‡ek


gvb 3: my‡hvM-myweav I †mevmg~n

wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweav I cwi‡ek wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì wbivcËv weavb K‡i Ges Zv ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, g‡bvmvgvwRK I myi¶v †mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³|

GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„›` I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi mn‡hvwMZvq ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ wb¤œwjwLZ my‡hvM-myweavmg~‡ni eë¯’vcbv Z`viwK Ki‡e:

• wkÿv my‡hvM-myweavmg~n Ggb ¯’v‡b wbg©vY, cybwb©g©vY A_ev cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e, hv mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvbvwaKvi I wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡e| GKB mv‡_ Zv wkÿv_©x‡ì evwo ev AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi wbKUeZ©x n‡e|

• GwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, wkLb ¯’vb †QvU wkï, bvix-wkï I cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ mn‡RB AwfMg¨, †hgb: ûBj †Pqvi, i¨v¤ú)|

• eq¯‹, bvix I cyiæl Ges cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡ì Rb¨ wbivc` Lvevi cvwb I Dchy³ cqtwb®‹vkb myweav cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|

• wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweav‡K Ggbfv‡e Dchy³ Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb Zv AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ‡Z cov‡bv, cÖkvmwbK Kg©KvÐ Pvjv‡bv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv welqK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î mnvqK nq| (†`Lyb: AwfMg¨Zv I wkLb cwi‡ek gvb 2: wbivcËv I mg„w×)

wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweav I cwi‡e‡ki wbivc` cybiæ×vi I cybtcÖwZôv hwÌ evsjv‡`k miKvi `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í we`¨vjqmg~n cybM©Vb I ms¯‹v‡i AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡KÑZv m‡Ë¡I RiæwiwfwË‡Z we`¨vjqmg~‡ni †fŠZ ÿwZ wbiƒcY Ges wkÿv myweavmg~n `ªæZ cybiæ×v‡ii †ÿ‡Î mgwš^Z I c×wZMZ D‡`¨vM cÖPjb Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n GKwU P¨v‡jÄ| wkÿv KZ…©cÿ wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweavmg~n cybe©ënv‡ivc‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjvi j‡ÿ¨ miKvi †NvwlZ, †QvU gvÎvi Ges ̄ ’vbxq Riæwi Ae¯’v‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| ̄ ’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv_wgK we`¨vjqmg~‡ni wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ `vqe× Ges Zviv Zv‡ì wbg©vY-Kv‡R cwi‡ek‡K we‡ePbvq iv‡L| Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfveI Zv‡ì wbg©vY-Kv‡R we‡ewPZ n‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii Kv‡Q cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq wbg©v‡Yi e¨vcv‡i K‡qKwU bKkv i‡q‡Q| ZviciI Av‡iv †ewk ¯’vbxq cwiw¯’wZwfwËK bKkv cÖ‡qvRb; D`vniY¯îƒc ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, Pi GjvKvi Rb¨ ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ Ggb KvVv‡gv wbg©vYÑhv b`xfvO‡bi †cÖwÿ‡Z `ªæZ ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| hv-B †nvK, wkÿv KZ…©cÿ cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcAvbyôvwbK I KvwiMwi ch©v‡qi wkÿv

A¯’vqx wkÿY cwi‡e‡ki wbg©vY I ZË¡veavb

wkLb †K›`ª cÖwZ¯’vcb ev cybwb©g©vY, A¯’vqx wkLb ¯’vb cÖwZôv, ¯’vb eënv‡ii AbygwZi Rb¨ Gi gvwjK ev KZ…©cÿ‡K m¤§Z Kiv‡bv, A¯’vqx wkLb †K›`ª wbg©vY Ges wkLb ¯’v‡bi ZË¡veav‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖwZwbwa `j ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, ̄ ‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ̄ ‹zj KZ…©cÿ BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUmg~‡ni mnvqZv PvB‡Z cv‡i|

Awf

Mg¨Z

v I wk

Lb c

wi‡e

k

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶vi b~¨bZg gvb-evsjv‡`k 35

cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ †fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv I Ae¯’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z Av‡iv Dchy³ bKkv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cÖwZwU bZzb we`¨vj‡qi bKkv nIqv cÖ‡qvRb Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ cÖwZNvZ †gvKvwejvq mÿg I `y‡h©vM SzuwKgy³| GwU wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ we`¨vj‡qi bKkvq wb¤œwjwLZ welqmg~n AšÍfz©³ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb:

• ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡Ui we‡kølY• we`¨vj‡qi Ici cwi‡e‡ki cÖfve I cwi‡e‡ki Ici we`¨vj‡qi cÖfve• wewfbœ †cÖÿvc‡Ui we‡klZ¡ we‡ePbv (†hgbÑcve©Z¨ AÂj, nvIi, Pi, DcK‚jxq

Øxc), gvwU‡Z AwZgvÎvq jeYv³Zv Ges cwi‡ek BZ¨vw`)• Avc` I `y‡h©v‡Mi aib• Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfvemg~n¯^v¯’¨, cywó, g‡bv-mvgvwRK Ges wbivcËv †mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ m¤ú„³ZvwkLb ¯’vbmg~n Pjgvb Riæwi Lv`¨ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©v I Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK †mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Kiv DwPZ| GB m¤ú„³Zv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ges wnDg¨vwbUvwiqvb †KvAwW©‡bkb Uv¯‹ wUg-Gi gva¨‡g GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi RvZxq ch©v‡q GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Q| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„‡›ì mnvqZvq Riæwi Lv`¨ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvKvix KZ…©c‡ÿi mv‡_ we`¨vjqmg~‡ni m¤ú„³Zv m„wó Ki‡e, †hb we`¨vjqmg~nI DwjøwLZ †mevmg~‡ni AvIZvq Av‡m| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷v‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’ve„‡›ì Ges Dc‡Rjv wkÿv KZ©…c‡ÿi mnvqZvq we`¨vj‡q wb¤œwjwLZ myweavmg~n wbwðZ Ki‡e:

• wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b dv÷© GBW e·-Gi mnRcÖvc¨Zv|• wkÿK, wkÿv_©x I †¯^”Qv‡mex‡ì wbqwgZ ¯^v¯’¨ cixweÿY|• `ycy‡ii Lvevi ev weKí cywó mieivn, †hgbÑGbvwR© we¯‹zU|• mvs¯‹…wZK ms‡e`bkxj, AskMÖnYg~jK cvV`vb, wkLb †kLv‡bv Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK DcKiYmg~n cÖ`vb|

wbivc` cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb myweavmg~‡n A_©vqb¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’vcbv-msµvšÍ wel‡q cÖwZwbwa `j-Gi civgk© MÖnY Ki‡e| †h †Kv‡bv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡ZB Avw_©K mxgve×Zv _v‡K| Zv m‡Ë¡I Dc‡Rjv wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb myweav cybtcÖwZôv I ms¯‹vi Kivi †ÿ‡Î A_©vq‡bi welqwU we‡kl g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i †`L‡eb| cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq cwiKíbv KwgwU cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi welqwU Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvq ev Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiKíbvq AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q fve‡Z cv‡ib| we`¨vjq KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mnvqZvq Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiKíbv †_‡K Aby`vb PvB‡Z cv‡i ev Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì GjvKv †_‡K Aby`vb msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q UvKv ev BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi ZnwejI A¯’vqx wkLb †K‡›`ª cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb myweavi Rb¨ eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| ̄ ‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ̄ ‹zj KZ…©cÿ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GjvKvq cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi D‡`¨vMmg~‡ni mv‡_ mgš^q iÿv Ki‡e| RvZxq ch©v‡q GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi Kg©KvÐ‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ Iqvk K¬v÷vi-Gi mv‡_ mgš^q iÿv Ki‡e|


wkLb I †kLv‡bv

†ÿÎ

3: wk

Lb I

†kLv

‡bv


†ÿÎ 3:wkLb I †kLv‡bv

gvb 1: cvV¨µg

AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿvq mvs¯‹…wZK, mvgvwRK I fvlvMZfv‡e cÖvmw½K cvV¨µg eënvi Kiv nq hv wbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU I wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`vi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©|

cvV¨µg

evsjv‡`‡k cvV¨µg c¨v‡K‡Ri g‡a¨ wkÿY mnvwqKv, cvV¨cy¯ÍK, cÖwkÿY I wkLb DcKiY I g~j¨vqb wb‡`©wkKv AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, gv`ªvmv I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿvi wbw`©ó cvV¨m~wP D™¢~Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi †cÖwÿ‡Z cybwe©b¨vm Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cvV¨µg `ywU g~j bxwZi Ic‡i wfwË K‡i cÖYxZ nIqv DwPZ, †gŠwjK KxwZ©m~PK I cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv (Key Performance Indicators and Terminal Competen-cies) GB `ywU ¯^xK…Z bxwZB n‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvV¨µg cwiKíbv I cybwe©b¨v‡mi wfwË| Ges AvbyôwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv, gv`ªvmv wkÿv Ges KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wkÿv mKj †ÿ‡Îi Rb¨B GB bxwZ AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| GwU evsjv I Bs‡iwR gva¨g Dfq ai‡bi wkÿv c×wZi RbÏ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|Dc‡Rjv wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Mfxifv‡e †cÖÿvcU we‡kølY K‡i wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKiY I g‡bv-mvgvwRK DcKi‡Yi cybwe©b¨vm I Aby‡gv`b Ki‡eb| ms‡kvwaZ wkÿv cwiKíbv Ges cybwe©b¨¯Í wcwUG-i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wb‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Zviv G e¨vcv‡i AewnZ _v‡Kb Ges Zv‡ì gZvgZI Rvbv‡Z cv‡ib| wbw`©ó mgqvšÍi cixweÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cvV¨µg ms‡kvab Ki‡Zn‡e, †hb Zv ÿwZMÖ¯Í wkÿv_©xi cwiewZ©Z Pvwn`vi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© nq Ges wkÿvi jÿ¨-D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b mÿg nq|

AwZwi³ wb‡`©kbv:

cvV¨µg Dbœqb welqK wb‡`©kbvi Rb¨ †`Lyb: INEE’s Guidance Notes on

Teaching and Learning at

http://toolkit.ineesite.org/toolkit/INE

Ecms/uploads/1004/Guidance_Notes

_on_Teaching_and_Learning_EN.pdf


mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e cÖvmw½K cvV¨µg

cvV¨µg mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e cÖvmw½K nIqvi A_© n‡”Q, GwU ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôx (wZb cve©Z¨ †Rjvmn muvIZvj, Mv‡iv, nvRs, IuivI, gwbcywi BZ¨vw` ÿz`ª b„‡MvôxÑhviv †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂ‡j emevm K‡i) mKj ag©xq m¤úª`vq, MÖvgxY I kû‡i Rb‡Mvôx I wewfbœ Av_©mvgvwRK gh©v`vi gvby‡li mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK wfbœZv‡K we‡ePbv K‡i| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU Dc‡Rjv wkÿv `ß‡ii m¤§wZµ‡g ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ †_‡KB †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ †¯^”Qv‡meK wbhy³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †hb Zv ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôxi wkÿv_©x‡ì cÖvwZôvwbK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©vi Rb¨ Dchy³ nq|

fvlvMZfv‡e cÖvmw½K cvV¨µg

wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKiY Ges wb‡`©kbvmg~n Ggb fvlvq n‡Z n‡e, hv wkÿK I wkÿv_©x Df‡qi Rb¨B †evaMg¨ nq| hwÌ evsjv‡`‡ki 95 kZvsk wkÿv_©x evsjv †ev‡Sb I ej‡Z cv‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki wkÿv bxwZ Ggb nIqv DwPZ, hvi ìæb ÿz`ª b„‡Mvôxi wkïiv Zv‡ì gvZ…fvlv‡ZB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvjvf Ki‡Z cv‡i| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©c‡ÿi DwPZ cÖwZwbwa `‡ji mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i mswkøó Rb‡Mvôx †_‡KB †¯^”Qv‡mex wb‡qvM Kiv, †hb Zviv wkÿK NvUwZ ̀ ~i Ki‡Z mÿg nq, GKB mv‡_ h_vh_ fvlvq cvV`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i I g‡bv-mvgvwRK †mev w`‡Z cv‡i|

P¨v‡jÄ: AvbyôvwbK cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, gv`ªvmv I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv mvs¯‹…wZK, mvgvwRK I fvlvMZfv‡e †`‡ki evsjv fvlvfvlx‡ì Rb¨ h_v_©| wKš‘ wZb cve©Z¨ †Rjv I Ab¨vb¨ b„ZvwË¡K RvwZ‡Mvôxi †QvU wkï‡ì †jLvcov Zv‡ì gvZ…fvlvq ïiæ Kiv DwPZ Ges avivevwnK cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q Zv‡ì evsjv fvlv iß Kiv‡bv DwPZ| cvV¨ eB‡q †h mvgvwRK ms¯‹…wZi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q, Zv me †ÿ‡Î b„ZvwË¡K RvwZMZ ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© bq|

mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU I wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`v Abyhvqx h_v_©Zv

• †h‡nZz Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv wkï I ZiæY‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK I myiÿv welqK Pvwn`v‡K m‡¤^vab Ki‡eB, †m‡nZz Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mKj ¯Í‡i wkÿv cvVµ‡g IB mKj welqvw` AšÍf©y³ _vK‡ZB n‡e| G j‡ÿ¨ g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v I myiÿv welqK ûgwK wbiƒcY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU I ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ cÖwZwbwa `j‡K mv‡_ wb‡q g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v I myiÿv welqK ûgwK wbiƒcY I h_v_© eë¯’v wPwýZ Ki‡e|

• êix cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Kxfv‡e Lvc LvIqv‡Z n‡e, myiÿv welqK ûgwKmg~n Kx-Kx Ges SzuwK n«vm I cÖ¯‘wZg~jK Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g fwel¨‡Z G ai‡bi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Kxfv‡e †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡eÑ†m-wel‡q QvÎ-QvÎx‡ì‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e|

• cvV¨µg, cvVëB Ges wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKiY Ggb n‡e, †hb Zv nq †RÛvi ms‡e`kxj, êwPÎ¨‡K aviY K‡i Ges we‡kl Pvwn`vm¤úbœ wkï‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© nq|

wkLb I †kLv‡bv


• cvV¨µg, cvVëB Ges wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKiY, evsjv‡`‡ki mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK †cÖwÿ‡Z, bvix I cyiælÑDf‡qi Bmy¨ I Pvwn`vmg~n‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡e Ges mvwe©K êwPÎ¨Zv‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L cÖYxZ n‡e|

• ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ Aek¨B wkÿv_©x‡ì Dchy³ c×wZ‡Z Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ki‡eb| GQvov g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv welqK D‡`¨vM †bevi mgqI Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv welqK cvVµg Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î Zv Aek¨B mKj wkÿv_©xi Kv‡Q me©vwaK MÖnY‡hvM¨ K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e|

wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKi‡Yi ch©vßZv

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wkÿv eë¯’vq `y‡h©vM-cieZ©x wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKi‡Yi mieivn evov‡bvi Rb¨ mÿgZv e„w× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| GB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ miKvwi eivÏ wejw¤^Z n‡Z cv‡i Ges GbwRI‡ì D‡`¨vMmg~n I Rxeb iÿvKvix wel‡q AwaKZi †K›`ªxf‚Z n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡qvRbxq cvV`vb I wkLb DcKiY mieiv‡ni j‡ÿ¨ Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiKíbv I ¯‹zjwfwËK Dbœqb cwiKíbvq ch©vß Avw_©K eiv‡Ïi eë¯’v _vKv DwPZ| GQvov ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q cvV¨cy¯ÍK gRyZ ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| gva¨wgK, DcAvbyôvwbK I KvwiMwi wkÿv eë¯’vq ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q Riæwi Avw_©K eivÏ I DcKiY mieiv‡ni eë¯’v _vKv DwPZ, hv `y‡h©v‡Mi AeëwnZ c‡iB wkÿv cybiæ×vi I Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z mnvqK n‡e|

wkLb

I †

kLv‡b

v


gvb 2: cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mnvqZvPvwn`v I cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x wbw`©ó mgqvšÍi, cÖvmw½K Ges KvVv‡gvMZ cÖwkÿY MÖnY K‡ib|

cÖvmw½K Ges KvVv‡gvMZ cÖwkÿY

• Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awd‡mi Ggb eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e, †hb Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿK cÖwkÿY Kiv‡bv hvq| Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdm wkÿKgÛjxi mÿgZv Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ PvKwi-c~e© Ges PvKwiKvjxb cÖwkÿY cvIqvi e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Ges Pvwn`v Abyhvqx h‡_vchy³ cÖwkÿY n‡Z n‡e| †cÖÿvcU I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ai‡bi Ici wfwË K‡i cÖwkÿY DcKiY web¨¯Í Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb Zv IB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx nq|

• Dc‡Rjv wi‡mvm© †m›Uvi I cÖvBgvwi wUPvm© †Uªwbs Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cÖwkÿKe„›` cÖv_wgK, cÖvK-cÖv_wgK Ges gva¨wgK ch©v‡qi wkÿKe„‡›ì Rb¨ Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Awf‡hvRb, wkÿvq ̀ y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv welqK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GB cÖwkÿY ÔRvZxq `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbvÕi Av‡jv‡K nIqv DwPZ|

• Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kg©KZ©ve„›` mve-K¬v÷vi cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g Dc‡Rjv wi‡mvm© †m›Uvi-G GB cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• cÖvBgvwi wUPvm© †Uªwbs Bbw÷wUDU Zv‡ì cÖwkÿY cvV¨m~wP‡Z wb¤œwjwLZ w elqmg ~ n we‡ePbv Ki‡Z cv‡i: Rjevqy cwieZ©b Awf‡hvRb, wkÿvq `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv|

• b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U I b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di cÖvBgvwi GWz‡Kkb gva¨wgK I cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkÿKe„‡›ì Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Awf‡hvRb, `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv welqK cÖwkÿY c¨v‡KR Aby‡gv`b Kivi †ÿ‡Î KZ…©cÿ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e| DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿKe„‡›ì Rb¨ cÖwkÿY c¨v‡KR Aby‡gv`b Ki‡e| KvwiMwi wkÿv welqK wkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`bKvix KZ…©cÿ n‡”Q evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wkÿv †evW©|

Pvwn`v I cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K cÖwkÿY

AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wPi Aaxb †h mKj wbqwgZ I †¯^”Qv‡mex cÖwkÿK I mnvqKe„›` (bvix I cyiæl) i‡q‡Qb Zuv‡ì DwPZ Ôwkÿv †ÿ‡Î `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vmÕ I ÔRiæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvÕ welqK cÖwkÿY MÖnY Kiv| wb¤œwjwLZ welqvw` cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wPi AšÍf©y³ nIqv DwPZ:

wkLb I †kLv‡bv


wkLb

I †

kLv‡b

v

• we`¨vj‡qi SzuwK wbiƒcY, SzuwK n«vm I mvov`vb cwiKíbv

• wkÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK wbiƒcYmn Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg Ae¨vnZ ivLv

• wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©v

• A¯’vqx wkÿv‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMvi eë¯’v

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkïi myiÿv I †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv KvwiKzjv‡g GKxf~Z wkÿv

DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖwkÿY

cÖwkÿ‡Y AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK cvV¨µg, Rjevqy cwieZ©b Awf‡hvRb, `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvRwbZ Ávb I `ÿZv| Riæwi †cÖÿvc‡Ui wfwË‡Z AvbyôvwbK wkÿv me mgq m¤¢e bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿvi D‡`¨vM Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi m‡e©vËg Dcvq n‡Z cv‡i| m‡e©vcwi evsjv‡`‡ki i‡q‡Q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigv‡Y DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg| G Kvi‡Y AvbyôvwbK I DcAvbyôvwbK Dfq ai‡bi cvV¨µgB Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv cÖwkÿ‡Yi AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e|


gvb 3: cvV`vb I wkLb cÖwµqv

wb‡`©kbv I wkLb cÖwµqvmg~n wkÿv_©x-†Kw›`ªK, AskMÖnYg~jK Ges GKxf~Z|

wkÿv_©x-†Kw›`ªK, AskMÖnYg~jK Ges GKxf~Z wb‡`©kbv I wkLb cÖwµqvmg~n

• wkLb c×wZ wkÿv_©x‡ì eqm, fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ, mÿgZv Ges cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx Dchy³ n‡e| c×wZwU‡K cvi¯úwiKfv‡e mwµq (learning interactive) I AskMÖnYg~jK Kivi R‡b¨ `jxq KvR, wcqvi GWz‡Kkb, Mí ejv, NUbvi eY©bv, †Ljvayjv BZ¨vw` AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

• evsjv‡`k miKvi Avb›`Nb cvV`vb I AskMÖnYg~jK wkLb cÖwµqvi Ici ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb, hv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi †cÖÿvc‡U AwaKZi Dchy³| GwU Kivi R‡b¨ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ wkÿKgÛjxi `„wófw½ I AvPiY n‡Z n‡e AwaKZi fv‡jvevmvc~Y© I hZœkxj Ges Zv‡ì cÖwkÿY c×wZ n‡Z n‡e AwaKZi cvi¯úwiKfv‡e mwµq (interactive) I AskMÖnYg~jK|

• evsjv‡`k ÔBDwbfvm©vjÕ cvV`vb I wkLb cÖwµqvi Ic‡i ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Q| Gi A_© n‡”Q, mKj wkïÕi A‰eZwbK wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv i‡q‡Q Ges cvV`vb c×wZ mKj †ÿ‡ÎB GKxf‚Z (BbK¬zwmf)| mvaviY I Riæwi Dfq †cÖÿvc‡UB GwU cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|

• eqm I mÿgZv Abyhvqx cvV`vb cÖwµqv wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wkÿKgÛjx cvV`vb cÖwµqvq mKj wkÿv_©x‡K AšÍfz©³ Kivi Rb¨ b„ZvwË¡K ev fvlvwfwËK msL¨vjNymn axiMvgx wkÿv_©x (†¯øv jvibvi) I cÖwZeÜxmn Dchy³ c×wZ cÖ‡qvM Ki‡eb|

wkÿv I g‡bvmvgvwRK Kg©Kv‡Ði g‡a¨ fvimvg¨

†h‡nZz g‡bvmvgvwRK †cÖvMÖvwgs n‡”Q Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask, †m‡nZz Gi Rb¨ wkÿv welqK Kg©KvÛ I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kg©Kv‡Ûi g‡a¨ fvimvg¨ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi Ic‡i wfwË K‡i we`¨vjq KZ…©cÿ Ggbfv‡e Riæwi wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv Ki‡eb, hv wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv I g‡bvmvgvwRK cwiPh©vÑDfq ai‡bi Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z mÿg nq| GR‡b¨ we`¨vj‡qi mgqm~wPi w`bcÖwZ cwiKíbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| `y‡h©vM msNwUZ nIqvi AeëwnZ c‡i cÖvwZôvwbK Kvh©µ‡gi †P‡q g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kvh©µg AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve hZB ¯^vfvweK n‡q Avm‡eÑwkÿv_©xiv ZZB we`¨gvb cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Af¨¯Í n‡q co‡e I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi Pvwn`v Kg‡Z _vK‡e| d‡j g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv Kwg‡q wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Dci AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

wkLb I †kLv‡bv


gvb 4: wkLb dj hvPvBwkLb dj g~j¨vqb I g~j¨vqb‡K êaZv w`‡Z h_vh_ c×wZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq|

wbiƒc‡Yi h_vh_ c×wZ

• ¯‹zj KZ…©cÿ wkÿv_©x‡ì wkLb D‡Ï‡kï Ici wfwË K‡i g~j¨vqb c×wZ I DcKiY cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb|

• wbiƒcY c×wZ I DcKiYmg~n mnR‡eva¨ nIqv DwPZ, GwU Ggb nIqv DwPZ, hv mgq‡ÿcYKvix bv nq|

• wkï I ZiæY‡ì Rb¨ wkLb D‡Ïk¨mg~n hw` G‡Kev‡iB RvZxqfv‡e wba©viYK…Z †hvM¨Zvi wfwË‡Z nq, Zvn‡j cÖZ¨vwkZ †hvM¨Zvi gvb hvPvB‡qi j‡ÿ¨ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI wbqwgZ †kÖwYKÿ wfwËK †U÷ I wbqwgZ cixÿv c×wZi cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i; hw` Zv m¤¢e nq|

• g~j¨vqb c×wZ Aek¨B GKxf‚Z (BbK¬zwmf) n‡Z n‡e Ges cÖwZeÜx, RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy, axiMvgx wkÿv_©x, `y‡h©v‡M mvsNvwZKfv‡e AvµvšÍ wkÿv_©x Ges †QvU wkï‡ì AwR©Z †hvM¨Zv hvPvB Ki‡e| g~j¨vq‡bi djvdj cvV`vb c×wZ I mvwe©K wkÿv Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z Ggbfv‡e Ae`vb ivL‡e, †hb Zv wkï‡ì wkÿv-welqK cwiewZ©Z Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i Ges Zv‡ì Rb¨ Zv AwaKZi Dchy³ wkÿv c×wZ cÖeZ©b K‡i|

wkLb dj g~j¨vqb êaKiY

• wbiƒcY c×wZ cÖvmw½K I wk¶v_©xi fwel¨r Pvwn`vi mv‡_ m¤úK© hy³ n‡e|

• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hv cov‡bv n‡q‡Q wbiƒcY ZvwjKvq Zv mivmwifv‡e _vK‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_©xi fwel¨r wkÿv Pvwn`v‡K wfwË K‡iB Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Kx cov‡bv n‡eÑZv wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, wkÿv_©xiv †hb cieZ©x †kÖwY‡Z DV‡Z cv‡i Zvi †hvM¨Zv m„wó Kiv|

• †h‡nZz wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K evwl©K A_ev cvewjK cixÿvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e, †m‡nZz wbiƒcY cÖwµqv Ggbfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb Zv wkÿv_©x‡ì cixÿv cvm-G mnvqZv K‡i Ges cixÿvq AbyËxY© n‡q †hb Zv‡ì g~jëvb GKwU eQi bó bv nq|

wkLb

I †

kLv‡b

v

wkÿK

I wkÿ

v cÖkvmb K

g©xe„›`



gvb 1: wb‡qvM I wbe©vPbêwPÎ¨ I mgZvi Ici wfwË K‡i AskMÖnYg~jK ¯^”Q cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g h‡_ó msL¨K †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ wk¶K Ges wk¶v cÖkvmb Kg©x‡K wb‡qvM cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

ch©vß msL¨K wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x wbwðZKiY

• gvbm¤§Z wkÿv wbwðZKi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨, wkLb eë¯’v cÖwkwÿZ wkÿ‡Ki gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ n‡e| wkÿK I Qv‡Îi AbycvZ n‡Z n‡e 1:40|

• ch©vß-msL¨K †¯^”Qv‡mex wkÿK wb‡qvM Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿ‡Ki Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi `ªæZ mgvavb n‡Z cv‡i|

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• Kg©-weeiYx‡Z †¯^”Qv‡mex wkÿK, g‡bv-mvgvwRK cwiPh©vKvix I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©eÏ AšÍf©y³ nIqv DwPZ|

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• wb‡qvM cixÿv-msµvšÍ mKj bw_‡Z, we‡klZ P‚ovšÍ wb‡qvMc‡Î Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡qi wkÿv Kg©KZ©vi ¯^vÿi _vKv DwPZ|

• cÖwZwbwa `j wbwðZ Ki‡e †h, wb‡qvMK…Z wkÿK Rb‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ e¨w³|

• ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awd‡mi ZË¡veav‡b I BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwUi mn‡hvwMZvq wb‡qvM Kvh©µg m¤úv`b Ki‡e|

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• wb‡qvM gvb`Ð n‡e êlg¨nxb| †RÛvi, RvwZMZ êwkó¨, ag©, cÖwZewÜZv A_ev êwP‡Îï Ab¨vb¨ †ÿÎ †hb wb‡qvM gvb`Ð‡K êlg¨g~jK bv K‡i †Zv‡j|

• me©`vB wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv, cÖvmw½K AwfÁZv, mÂvjb `ÿZv I Dchy³ fvlvMZ †hvM¨Zvi Ic‡i wfwË K‡i wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x wbe©vPb Kiv n‡e|

• ¯‹zj Kgy¨wbwU ev we`¨vjq wfwËK Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨‡K wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e| wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î bvix-cyiæl AbycvZ we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e|

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my¯úófv‡e ewY©Z Kv‡Ri kZ©vewj

wkÿK‡ì eZ©gvb Kg©-weeiYx‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ wfwËK †Kv‡bv mywbw`©ó wb‡`©kbv D‡jøL Kiv †bB| evsjv‡`k miKvi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg Ae¨vnZ ivLvi j‡ÿ¨ wkÿK‡ì Kg©-weeiYx‡Z Zv‡ì `vq-`vwqZ¡ mywbw`©ó Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wkÿK I ¯’vbxqfv‡e wb‡qvMK…Z wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Ri Pzw³‡Z wb¤œwjwLZ welqvw` AšÍf©y³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb:• Riæwi Ae¯’vq wba©vwiZ `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨mg~n• (cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡j) nvW©wkc A¨vjvDÝ (wbqwgZ wkÿ‡Ki †ÿ‡Î)• †¯^”Qv‡mex wkÿK‡ì cvwi‡ZvwlK/m¤§vbx• Dcw¯’wZi mgq • Kg©wèm I NÈv• Pzw³i mgqmxgv• AvPiYwewa• mn‡hvwMZv, ZË¡veavb, cixweÿY, cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj I we‡iva wb®úwË welqK e¨ve¯’v

wkÿK, †¯^”Qv‡mex I wkÿv cÖkvmb-mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ mK‡jiB Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ ÔAvPiY wewaÕ †g‡b Pjv DwPZ| wbqwgZ I †¯^”Qv‡mex wkÿK Df‡qi Kg©Pzw³‡ZB ÔAvPiY wewaÕi D‡jøL _vK‡Z n‡e| AvPiY wewa‡Z hv AšÍf©y³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb:

• †Kv‡bv kvixwiK kvw¯Í bq• †Kv‡bv êlg¨ bq• we`¨vj‡qi †fZ‡i ev evB‡i †Kv‡bv iKg †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv bq• KvD‡KB kvixwiK, gvbwmK I †hŠb nqivwb; cÖZviYv I D‡cÿv Kiv hv‡e bv|• we‡iva ev Ø›Ø D‡¯‹ †`qv hv‡e bv|• wkÿv_©x‡ì kvixwiK I gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ cixweÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|• ˆbwZK AvPi‡Yi D”Pgvb eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e|• mKj wkïi, we‡klZ bvix wkï, cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x, msL¨vjNy wkÿv_©x I ZiæY

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• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z KvR Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì h_vh_ fvZv I nvW©wkc A¨vjvD‡Ýi eë¯’v Kivi j‡ÿ¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬v÷vi A¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e|

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wk¶K Ges wk¶v cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ mnvqZv c×wZ• wkLb †kLv‡bv DcKiY `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq cÖvqkB bó n‡q hvq| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI

wk¶v Pvwj‡q hvIqvi j‡ÿ¨ Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdm `ªæZ wkLb †kLv‡bv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK DcKiY mieivn Ki‡e|

• kbv³K…Z Pvwn`vi Ici wfwË K‡i wbqwgZ I †¯^”Qv‡mex Dfq ai‡bi wk¶K‡ì‡KB cÖwk¶Y †`qv cÖ‡qvRb, †hb Zviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI we‡kl c×wZ‡Z wk¶v_©x‡ì wk¶v`vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| mxwgZ myweavw`, cybwe©b¨¯Í cvV¨µg, n«vmK…Z mgq Ges weKí c×wZ‡Z ̀ y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ¯Í wkï‡ì wk¶v`vb Kivi g‡Zv KvwiMwi Ávb wk¶K‡ì _vK‡Z n‡e| g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv †`qvi g‡Zv `¶ZvI wk¶K‡ì _vKv DwPZ|

• Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡qi wk¶v Kg©KZ©v Ges BDwbqb `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv KwgwU g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv †`qvi e¨vcv‡i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i| Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡qi wk¶v Kg©KZ©ve„›` wk¶KgÐjx‡K Ae¨vnZfv‡e DrmvwnZ I Zv‡ì Kg©Kv‡Ði cÖksmv Ki‡Z cv‡ibÑhv Zv‡ì Kg©¯ú„nv e„w×‡Z mnvqK n‡e|

wk¶K I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ ZË¡veavb †KŠkj• Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †emiKvwi ms¯’vmn Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK wk¶v Awdm

wkÿK I wkÿv cÖkvmb Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q cÖ‡qvM‡hvM¨ ZË¡veavb Ges cixwe¶Y †KŠkj cÖYqb Ki‡eb| GwU wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, wk¶KgÐjx ¸YMZ gvbm¤úbœ wk¶v cÖ`vb Kivi e¨vcv‡i Drmvnx Ges Zv‡ì R‡b¨ †ckvMZ mnvqZvg~jK †bUIqvK© Kvh©Ki i‡q‡Q|

• cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcAvbyôvwbK I KvwiMwi wkÿv welqK Dc‡Rjv wk¶v Kg©KZ©ve„›` wk¶K‡ì ZË¡veavb I cixwe¶Y Kivi Kv‡R GbwRI Kg©KZ©ve„›`‡KI wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e GwU eva¨Zvg~jK bq|

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gvb 1: AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ ¸YMZ wkÿvi PjgvbZv I cybiæ×vi‡K Ges A‰eZwbK I GKxf~Z wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡ib|

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ

evsjv‡`‡k RvZxq ch©v‡q wkÿv KZ…©cÿ wb¤œiƒc:• RvZxq wkÿv Kwgkb • wkÿv welqK ¯’vqx msm`xq KwgwU• wkÿv gš¿Yvjq• cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv gš¿Yvjq• cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi• gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wkÿv Awa`ßi• DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv ey¨‡iv• evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wkÿv †evW©• evsjv‡`k KvwiMwi wkÿv Awa`ßi • b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di GWz‡Kkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U• b¨vkbvj A¨vKv‡Wwg di cÖvBgvwi GWz‡Kkb• gv`ªvmv wkÿv Awa`ßi • b¨vkbvj KvwiKzjvg A¨vÛ †UK÷eyK †evW©

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wkÿv KZ…©cÿ ¸YMZ gvbm¤úbœ wkÿvi PjgvbZv I cybiæ×vi‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki wkÿv-mswkøó AvBb, wbqg-Kvbyb Ges bxwZmg~n AskMÖnYg~jK I GKxf‚Z (BbK¬zwmf) cÖwµqvq †cÖwÿZ we‡køl‡Yi (Kb‡UK÷ A¨vbvjvBwmm) gva¨‡g cÖYxZ n‡Z n‡e| Dc‡ivwjøwLZ cÖwµqvq wkÿv KZ…©cÿ wkï I AwffveKmn †`‡ki wewPÎ `j I Rb‡Mvôx‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡e| mK‡ji Rb¨ ̧ YMZ gvbm¤úbœ wkÿv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wkÿv KZ…©cÿ wkÿv mswkøó bxwZ, AvBb I wewa-weavb cÖYq‡bi †ÿ‡Î GKwU cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q hv‡e| êwk¦K Rjevqy cwieZ‡bi AwfNv‡Zi †cÖwÿ‡Z evsjv‡`k we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg wec`vcbœ †`k| GKB mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡k we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg `y‡h©vMcÖeY GK †`k| G †cÖÿvc‡U †cÖwÿZ we‡køl‡Yi †ÿ‡Î Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cwi‡ekMZ I ivR‰bwZK cÖfve, myiÿv Bmy¨, `y‡h©vM SzuwK I cÖ¯‘wZ, Rjevqy cwieZ©b, wkÿvq jÿ¨gvÎv AR©b `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve Ges ¸YMZ wkÿv Pjgvb ivL‡Z GB P¨v‡jÄmg~n †gvKvwejvq m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb Kx n‡Z cv‡i Zv we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e|

¯‹zj Kvh©µ‡g A‰eZwbK I GKxf‚Z AwfMg¨Zv

• me©ve¯’vq wkïi wkÿvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi `vwqZ¡| mKj wkïi Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK, AwfMg¨ I GKxf‚Z wkÿv welqK BGdG-i jÿ¨mg~n ÔmK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvÕ (2003-2015) kxl©K RvZxq Kg©-cwiKíbvi AšÍfz©³|

• wkï AwaKvi mb‡ì GKwU Aby¯^vÿiKvix †`k wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`‡ki wkÿv KZ…©cÿ wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Awf‡hvRb, wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vmI Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µgÑG mKj welqvwÌ we‡ePbv Ki‡e|

• evsjv‡`‡ki `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv AvBb-2012, RvZxq `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (2010-2015) I `y‡h©vM welqK ¯’vqx Av‡`kvewjI wkÿv KZ„©cÿ‡K wkÿv eë¯’vq `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv AšÍf©yw³‡Z wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i|

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wk¶v Kvh©µg

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wkÿv welqK AvšÍR©vwZK bxwZgvjv, AvBb, gvb I cwiKíbv

evsjv‡`k miKvi wkÿv †ÿ‡Î wb¤œwjwLZ AvšÍR©vwZK bxwZgvjv AbymiY K‡i• wkï AwaKvi Kb‡fbkb

• mevi Rb¨ wkÿv• Kb‡fbkb Ab B‡KvbwgK, †mvkvj A¨vÛ KvjPvivj ivBUm& (AvwU©‡Kj 2, 13, 14)

• Kb‡fbkb Ab `¨ Gwjwg‡bkb Ad Aj dg©m& Ad wWmwµwg‡bkb A¨v‡MBb÷ I‡gb (AvwU©‡Kj 10)

• Kb‡fbkb Ab `¨ ivBUm& Ad cvimb DB_ wWmA¨vwewjwU (AvwU©‡Kj 24)

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wkÿv welqK RvZxq bxwZgvjv, AvBb, b~¨bZg gvb I cwiKíbv

RvZxq ch©v‡q miKv‡ii wb¤œwjwLZ bxwZgvjv, AvBb, gvb I cwiKíbv i‡q‡Q:

• MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii msweavb

• RvZxq wkÿv bxwZ 2010

• eva¨Zvg~jK cÖv_wgK wkÿv AvBb 1990

• DcAvbyôvwbK wkÿv bxwZ Kg©-KvVv‡gv 2006

• `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv AvBb 2012

• `y‡h©vM welqK ¯’vqx Av‡`kvewj 2010

• `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbvi RvZxq cwiKíbv 2010-2015

• Rjevqy cwieZ©b †KŠkj I Kg©cwiKíbv (wewmwmGmG) 2009

wk¶v Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb

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