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ROBOTICS

Prepared by:

Narendra Kumar

ECE (8074)

Univ R.No:80802108069

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Robot and Robotics??

y A robot is a machine that reduces human efforts.

y

Robotics is the science and technology of robots,their design, manufacture, and application. It

requires a working knowledge of electronics,

mechanics and software.

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Three Laws of Roboticsy A robot may not injure a human being, or through

inaction, allow a human being to come harm;

y A robot must obey the orders given it by humanbeings except where such orders would conflict the

first law;

y A robot must protect its own existence as long assuch protection does not conflict with the first orsecond laws.

y Later, Asimov added the zeros law;

A robot may not injure humanity, or, throughinaction, allow humanity to come to harm.

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Types of Robots

y Industrial Robots

y

Mobile Robotsy Humanoids

y Cooperative Robotics

y

Neuromorphicsy Biomorphics Industrial Robots

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Different Robots

Mobile

Robot

Humanoid Cooperative Robots

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Sensors

y Sensory System: In order for robots to interact

with its surroundings, it must collect information

around it. Hence, generally all robots are

equipped with sensory systems for acquiring

feedback from the environment.

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Types of Sensors

y Rangefinders

y Light Sensors

y

Color Sensorsy Rotation Sensors

Laser Rangefinder

Photo-Transistor

Colour Sensor

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Types of Sensors

y Contact and Proximity Sensors

y Vision and Acoustic Sensors

y

Humidity Sensorsy Thermal Sensors

GPS

Thermal Sensor

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y An actuator is an electronic and mechanical

output device for moving or controlling a

mechanism or system. These are the devices,

which transform an input signal, such as

electrical signal, into motion.

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Types of Actuators

y Electric Motors

y Pneumatic Actuators

y

Hydraulic Actuatorsy Piezoelectric Actuators

Piezoelectric Actuators

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Types of Actuators

y Relays

yDisplay devices such as LED, LCD etc.

y

Audio devices such as buzzer, loudspeaker etcy Vibrators

VibratorBuzzer

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Gears

yGears are mechanical parts with cut teeth

designed to mesh with teeth in another part so as

to transmit or receive force and motion.

Need ofGears ?

yGears essentially effect the parameters such as

torque and velocity of the motors used in the

robots. They are used to transfer motion from

one shaft to other while keeping the shafts

synchronized.

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Types ofGears

y SpurGears(~90% efficiency)

y Helical Gears(~80% efficiency)

Spur GearsHelicalGears

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Types ofGears

y Worm Gears(~70% efficiency)

y Bevel Gears(~70% efficiency)

y

Rack and pinion Gears(~90% efficiency)

BevelGears WormGears Rack and Pinion Gears

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Electric Motors

y Brushed Direct Current (DC) Motor

y

Brushless DC Motor

Brushed DCMotor

Brushless DCMotor

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Electric Motors

y Stepper Motor

y

RC Servo Motor

StepperMotor

RC Servo Motor

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Other Essentials

y Revoboard

y Microcontroller

y

Motor and motor drivery IR sensor module, transmitter and receiver

y Power supply

IR SensorM

odule

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Revobot and its Features

y Obstacle detection and avoidance

y

Line followery Pit avoidance

y Color follower

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Project

y Sumobot

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THANK YOU