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ROBOTICS
Prepared by:
Narendra Kumar
ECE (8074)
Univ R.No:80802108069
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Robot and Robotics??
y A robot is a machine that reduces human efforts.
y
Robotics is the science and technology of robots,their design, manufacture, and application. It
requires a working knowledge of electronics,
mechanics and software.
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Three Laws of Roboticsy A robot may not injure a human being, or through
inaction, allow a human being to come harm;
y A robot must obey the orders given it by humanbeings except where such orders would conflict the
first law;
y A robot must protect its own existence as long assuch protection does not conflict with the first orsecond laws.
y Later, Asimov added the zeros law;
A robot may not injure humanity, or, throughinaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
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Types of Robots
y Industrial Robots
y
Mobile Robotsy Humanoids
y Cooperative Robotics
y
Neuromorphicsy Biomorphics Industrial Robots
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Different Robots
Mobile
Robot
Humanoid Cooperative Robots
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Sensors
y Sensory System: In order for robots to interact
with its surroundings, it must collect information
around it. Hence, generally all robots are
equipped with sensory systems for acquiring
feedback from the environment.
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Types of Sensors
y Rangefinders
y Light Sensors
y
Color Sensorsy Rotation Sensors
Laser Rangefinder
Photo-Transistor
Colour Sensor
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Types of Sensors
y Contact and Proximity Sensors
y Vision and Acoustic Sensors
y
Humidity Sensorsy Thermal Sensors
GPS
Thermal Sensor
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y An actuator is an electronic and mechanical
output device for moving or controlling a
mechanism or system. These are the devices,
which transform an input signal, such as
electrical signal, into motion.
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Types of Actuators
y Electric Motors
y Pneumatic Actuators
y
Hydraulic Actuatorsy Piezoelectric Actuators
Piezoelectric Actuators
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Types of Actuators
y Relays
yDisplay devices such as LED, LCD etc.
y
Audio devices such as buzzer, loudspeaker etcy Vibrators
VibratorBuzzer
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Gears
yGears are mechanical parts with cut teeth
designed to mesh with teeth in another part so as
to transmit or receive force and motion.
Need ofGears ?
yGears essentially effect the parameters such as
torque and velocity of the motors used in the
robots. They are used to transfer motion from
one shaft to other while keeping the shafts
synchronized.
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Types ofGears
y SpurGears(~90% efficiency)
y Helical Gears(~80% efficiency)
Spur GearsHelicalGears
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Types ofGears
y Worm Gears(~70% efficiency)
y Bevel Gears(~70% efficiency)
y
Rack and pinion Gears(~90% efficiency)
BevelGears WormGears Rack and Pinion Gears
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Electric Motors
y Brushed Direct Current (DC) Motor
y
Brushless DC Motor
Brushed DCMotor
Brushless DCMotor
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Electric Motors
y Stepper Motor
y
RC Servo Motor
StepperMotor
RC Servo Motor
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Other Essentials
y Revoboard
y Microcontroller
y
Motor and motor drivery IR sensor module, transmitter and receiver
y Power supply
IR SensorM
odule
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Revobot and its Features
y Obstacle detection and avoidance
y
Line followery Pit avoidance
y Color follower
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Project
y Sumobot
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THANK YOU