Rocks & Minerals Extra Credit

GarnetMineralColor: All colors except for BlueLuster: Dull VitreousGroup: SilicatesUses: Jewelry, Gemstone, January Birthstone

AmphiboliteRock (Metamorphic)Type: Non-FoliatedUses: Construction, Paving, Facing of Buildings

BerylMineralColor: Aqua Blue, Emerald Green, SilverLuster: Vitreous, WaxyGroup: SilicatesUses: Gemstone, Harden other minerals,

Mining Beryllium

RhyoliteRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: PorphyriticUses: Aggregate, Cutting Tool (Prehistoric),

Jewelry

GabbroRock (Igneous)Type: IntrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Floor Tiles, Countertops, Facing Stone

MicaMineralColor: Brown, Silver, Green, WhiteLuster: TranslucentGroup: SilicatesUses: Electronic Insulators, Paint, Roofing

ScoriaRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: VesicularUses: Landscaping, Drainage, Gas Grills

GypsumMineralColor: Colorless or WhiteLuster: WaxyGroup: SulfateUses: Fertilizer, Plaster, Finish for Walls and

Ceilings

GalenaMineralColor: Lead GrayLuster: MetallicGroup: SulfideUses: Bullets, Gasoline and Batteries

TopazMineralColor: Colorless unless the presence of

impuritiesLuster: TransparentGroup: SilicateUses: Jewelry, Scouring Pads, Knife Sharpening

PyroxeneMineralColor: BlackLuster: ShinyGroup: SilicateUses: Ornamental Uses, Fuel, Art

DioriteRock (Igneous)Type: IntrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Countertops, Pavement, Sculptures

GraniteRock (Igneous)Type: IntrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Countertops, Monuments, Landscaping

ShaleRock (Sedimentary)Type: ClasticTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Produces Natural Gas & Oil, Clay, Cement

ConglomerateRock (Sedimentary)Type: ClasticTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Construction, Landscaping, Tile

PeridotiteRock (Igneous)Type: IntrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Filters

QuartzMineralColor: ColorlessLuster: TransparentGroup: SilicateUses: Glassmaking, Optical Instruments,

Concrete

GneissRock (Metamorphic)Type: FoliatedUses: Flooring, Landscaping, Gravestones

AndesiteRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Flooring, Bricks, Landscaping

DolomiteMineralColor: WhiteLuster: VitreousGroup: CarbonateUses: Building and Ornamental Stones, Furnace

Linings

TuffRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Sculpture & Construction

SerpentiniteRock (Metamorphic)Type: Non-FoliatedUses: Sculpture, Jewelry, Chimney Pipes

LimestoneRock (Sedimentary)Type: ClasticTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Road Base, Landscaping, Toothpaste Filler

GranuliteRock (Metamorphic)Type: Non-FoliatedUses: Blending Fertilizers, Landscaping

ObsidianRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: No Crystals (Glassy)Uses: Cutting Tools, Jewelry, Scalpels

BasaltRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Thermal Insulator, Sculpture, Making

Cobblestones

BiotiteMineralColor: Black, Dark Brown, Gray, Yellow & WhiteLuster: Vitreous to PearlyGroup: SilicateUses: Electrical Devices, Aging of Other Rocks,

Surface Treatment in Decorative Concrete

PumiceRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: VesicularUses: Light-Weight Concrete, Abrasive, Pencil

Erasers

PegmatiteRock (Igneous)Type: ExtrusiveTexture: Coarse-GrainedUses: Mount Rushmore, Mined for Rare Earth

Minerals

SandstoneRock (Sedimentary)Type: ClasticTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Grindstones, Housewares, Paving

Anthracite CoalRock (Sedimentary)Type: Non-ClasticTexture: Smooth & ShinyUses: Refining Metals, Energy Source, Filtration

SchistRock (Metamorphic)Type: FoliatedUses: Landscaping, Rock Walls, Jewelry

ChertRock (Sedimentary)Type: ClasticTexture: Fine-GrainedUses: Archaic Tools & Weapons, Starting Fires

CorundumMineralColor: Colorless unless there are impuritiesLuster: VitreousGroup: OxideUses: Sandpaper, Jewelry, Grinding Wheels

HaliteMineralColor: Colorless unless there are impuritiesLuster: TransparentGroup: ChlorideUses: Melting Ice, Enhancing Flavor

SoapstoneRock (Metamorphic)Type: Non-FoliatedUses: Countertops, Sculpture, Landscaping

GraphiteMineralColor: Silver Grey to BlackLuster: MetallicGroup: Native ElementUses: Batteries, Brake Linings, Lubricants

DiamondMineralColor: ClearLuster: Transparent (Bright)Group: CarbonateUses: Jewelry, Cutting Tools, X-Ray Machines

MalachiteMineralColor: GreenLuster: OpaqueGroup: CarbonateUses: Jewelry, Paint Pigments, Harden Tools

AzuriteMineralColor: BlueLuster: VitreousGroup: CarbonateUses: Gemstone, Ornamental, Blue Pigment

(when crushed)

GoldMineralColor: Bright YellowLuster: MetallicGroup: Native ElementUses: Jewelry, Currency, Statues

SulfurMineralColor: Yellow or Yellow-BrownLuster: DullGroup: SulfideUses: Rubber Dye, Insecticide, Matches

BariteMineralColor: White or ColorlessLuster: Vitreous or PearlyGroup: SulfateUses: Paint Filler, Medical Uses, Plastics

PyriteMineralColor: Bright, Brassy YellowLuster: Vitreous or PearlyGroup: SulfideUses: Making Sulfur Dioxide and Sulfuric Acid,Jewelry, Crystal Radios

HematiteMineralColor: Black, Gray, Brown or RedLuster: OpaqueGroup: OxideUses: Iron-Making, Jewelry, Face Paint

TalcMineralColor: Pale Green, White or White-Gray Luster: Vitreous or PearlyGroup: SilicateUses: Talcum Powder, Ceramics, Paint

CalciteMineralColor: White or Gray, Yellow or Green with

impurities Luster: Vitreous or PearlyGroup: CarbonateUses: Dissolve Acid, Gun and Bomb Sites,

Construction (in the form of Limestone)

FluoriteMineral• Color: purple, blue, green, yellow, colorless,

brown, pink, black and reddish orangeLuster: Non-MetallicGroup: HalideUses: Coating for cooking utensils, manufacture

of steel, ornamental uses

ApatiteMineralColor: Usually Green, but may have impurities

of other colorsLuster: Dull VitreousGroup: SilicateUses: Fertilizer, Gemstone, Removal of

Radioactive Waste

PhyliteRock (Metamorphic)Type: FoliatedUses: Countertops, Gravel, Landscaping