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AutismEmployment Consideration
Ronda FeterlBlack Hills Special Services Cooperative
Learner ObjectivesUnderstand some fundamental characteristics
of autism spectrum disorder
Basic knowledge of three types of thinking
Employment preparation
Employment accommodations to consider
Potential Employment considerations
What is Autism Spectrum DisorderImpairment in Social Communication
Interaction
Restricted, Repetitive Patterns of Behavior, Interests, or Activities
Symptoms are present in early childhood
Symptoms together limit and impair everyday functioning. (Executive functioning)
Impairment Social Interaction“I’m observing the girls in my class to find one with ASD so I can watch her closely for her values and morals so that when we get out of high school I can ask her to marry me and not mess with having to date her first.”
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30 Years of ResearchLimbic System affected: There might be
differences in (arousal, motivation, social interactions)
Lower brain is affected as well: EmotionsHigher brain/Cortex IS NOT AFFECTED:
Memory/Information
Right Brain Thinkers are Visual Thinkers…… Specific to General
Left Brain Thinkers are Verbal Thinkers…..General to Specific
Related ConcernsCo-existing Diagnoses
Attention Deficit Hyperactive DisorderObsessive Compulsive DisorderDepressionAnxiety
In additionCognitive disability“Splinter skills”Language
comprehension less than vocabulary suggests
Short attention spanImpulsivityFour times more in
Males than Females
Temper tantrumsExaggerated
Reactions to lights, odors, touch, sound
Eating abnormalitiesSleep disordersFearAnxietyDepression
Autism StatisticsAutism statistics from the U.S. Center for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) identify around 1 in 88 American children on the autism spectrum disorder.
A 10 fold increase in 40 years.
Found in all cultures and economic groups
Studies show ASD is 4-5 times more common in boys. An estimated 1:54 boys and 1:252 girls in the United States. ASD affects over 2 M individuals in the U.S.
What causes Autism?There is no one cause of autism just as there
is no one type of autismOver the past 5 years, a number of rare gene
changes or mutations associated with autism.Most cases of autism, appears to be caused
by a combination of autism risk genes and environmental factors influencing early brain development.
Current hypothesis: genetic etiology causing neurological and brain abnormalities
3 Types Specialized ThinkersVisual:
Love art/building (legos/magnetics)Math concepts are a challengeDrawing 1 thing @
Music/MathPatterns of pictures#’s/musical notesSavant type calculationsPlaying song/video clip of movie after hearing it once
Verbal Logic Thinkers Loves lists Memorizes bus routes, timetables, historical events, sports stats
Employment PreparationSocial interaction through shared interest
School ClubsHobbiesCareersClasses that are of high interest
Social and job skills to considerTurn taking in conversations and activitiesBeing on TimeDo things that are asked of themSaying please and thank you
Employment accommodationsSensory and Neurological Problems that may
need accommodationsScreams when the fire alarm ringsTantrums at the supermarketCannot tolerate scratchy clothes Poor handwritingTantrums or hyperactive under florescent
lightsDifficulty multitaskingDifficulty with long verbal directions
Most of us use some type of visual supports to organize our daily livesCalendars, daily plannersSchedules, TV guides, theater guidesShopping lists, notes, menusSigns, labelsMapsCheckbooks, phone booksAssembly or operating instructions
Visual SupportsMany people use a
few of these techniques
Few people use many of them
Top to Bottom Object Schedule
Full Day Photo Schedule
Picture Symbol Schedule
Written Schedule
Written Schedule-Part Day9:00 Work 19:45 Work 210:30 Break10:45 Volunteer)
11:15 Lunch11:45 Break12:00 Work 3
Done _______Done _______Done _______Done _______Done _______Done _______Done _______
Participants Agenda8:30 Welcome-Overview-Housekeeping8:45 Page 7-needed qualities; p 10-priorities,
P12-Interview sequence9:00 Rate the written narrative9:10 Sharing scores and discuss9:20 Applied Humanism-the sermon9:30 Enduring success10:00 Promoting Independence10:15 Break10:30 Promoting Independence
Participants Agenda8:30 Lecture10:15 Break10:30 Lecture12:00 Lunch12:45 Lecture2:00 Break2:15 More Lecture4:00 Done
Schedules….Schedules Generate Predictability: Lessen
Anxiety
Schedules are NEVER faded from people
Schedules are Tools for LIFE-LONG Independence
Schedule Design Grows with the Person
Schedules establish Routines and Consistency
Jobs for Visual ThinkersComputer network specialistComputer troubleshooterGraphic Arts Drafting (electrician, plumber)Auto mechanicEquipment designPhotographerAnimal trainer
Jobs for Music and Math Thinkers(pattern thinkers)
Math teacherScientific researcherElectronics technicianMusic teacher ChemistComputer programmerEngineer PhysicistStatistician
Jobs for Verbal Thinkers(Translation)
Bookkeeper and record keeperBudget analysisBook indexerLegal researcherInventory Control SpecialistAccountantStocks and bonds analysist
Jobs for People with Poor Verbal Skills or Non-VerbalShelve Library BooksFactory Assembly WorkFast Food Restaurant WorkData EntryLawn and Garden WorkRecycling Plant Stocking ShelvesInventory ControlWarehouse
Remember…..Weaker Areas
AbstractAuditoryReasoningJudgmentImitationGeneralization
Stronger AreasCONCRETEVISUALDETAILEDSPECIFICGESTALT-CHUNKS