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efu rigfs;
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iii | cs;slf;fk;
cs;slf;fk;
KfTiu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | viii
rPuhf;fy; tiuglk; - gad;gLj;Jdu; topfhl;b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | ix
1. kjpg;gPl;L tup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 1
2. fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 11
3. ,iwr;rpf;fil mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 19
4. ,zf;fr;rhd;wpjo; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 25
5. cupj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 31
6. fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 35
7. fspahl;l tup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 41
8. Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G tup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 45
9. efurigf;F nrhe;jkhd re;ijtpw;gid epiyaq;fis Fj;jiff;F tply; . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 51
10. kf;fs; ghu;itf;fhf itf;fg;gLk; tpsk;guq;fSf;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 55
11. thfdq;fSila jupg;G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 59
12. fhzpfspd; cl;gpupTf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 63
13. nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 69
14. fhzpfs; fl;blq;fspd; cupikahsu;fspd; gjpTfis khw;Wjy; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 77
15. tPjpf;Nfhl;L mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 81
16. tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu tupAk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 85
17. thfd kw;Wk; kpUf tup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 93
18. ePu; tpepNahfk; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 97
19. efurigahy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; ehdhtpj Nritfs; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 103
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs; | iv
Introduction
This publication is intended to serve as a guide to clarify local government services provided by Urban
Councils. It provides a detailed outline of the legalities, eligibility, fees, application process, timeline and
recourse available for a broad range of Council services. Individuals and businesses have found navigating the
legal and procedural environment of Council services difficult and unclear at best. The results of a recent
survey sponsored by The Asia Foundation indicated that information of this type was not readily available to
the public in a simple and comprehensive manner.
This Guidebook seeks to clarify step-by-step what is involved in obtaining a Building Permit, or the process of
determining liability for and payment of Trade Tax, for example. It seeks to inform members of the public and
business community about the services, authority, and responsibilities of Urban Councils and their role in
improving the conditions for economic growth and creating an enabling environment for small and medium
enterprises to flourish in every Urban Council area in Sri Lanka.
The document was produced by the International Centre for Ethnic Studies (ICES) with guidance and
technical support from The Asia Foundation. Financial support was also provided by the Australian Agency
for International Development and the Department for International Development (UK).
v | rPuhf;fy; tiuglk; - gad;gLj;JdH topfhl;b
Regulatory Mapping – User Guide
• The different “Interactions” are set out in alphabetical order.
• Each section begins with a flow diagram that sets out in summary form the procedure/process.
• The substantive description that follows gives in detail the process under consideration.
• Every section begins with an Introduction that describes the purpose and context of the Interaction in
question.
• This is followed by a short description of the “Legal Authority” for the interaction with specific reference
to the acts and by-laws.
• The rest of the information contained in each section depends on the nature of the Interaction. For
example, for Interactions such as assessment tax payment and licenses of various descriptions we have
identified, under the caption “Eligibility,” who has to pay tax or obtain a license. In every case there is a
step-by-step description of how to make an application or a request, to whom it should be submitted, what
payments, if any, are required and the supporting information and documentation that the application must
contain. In some Interactions disputes can arise between the applicant and the local authority. In such
cases we have also described the dispute resolution procedure.
• In general there is no overall time specification for the Interactions that have been specified in this
publication, except for a few Interactions – e.g. assessment tax payments. In general there is also a time
limit specified for a tax payer or an applicant to make an appeal when a decision of the local authority is
disputed.
• For most Interactions the local authority provides a standard form to obtain information from the
members of the public. In general these forms are most readily available in Sinhala. It should be noted
that these forms are not standardized on a national basis for all local authorities and could vary.
• The last section of the publication has a section titled “Miscellaneous Services” that describes in brief
various services that the local authority provides to the citizenry.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs; | vi
ye¢kaùu
fuu m%ldYkfha uQ,sl wruqK jkqfha k.r iNd j,ska imhk fiajdjka ms<sn| ck;dj oekqj;a lsÍuhs'
fuys§ tu ls%hdms<sfj;a j, kS;suh Ndjh" fhda.H;djh" wod, .dia;+ka" wh÷ï lsÍfï ls%hd ms<sfj;" ld,
rduqj iy k.r iNdfõ úúOdldr fiajdjka j, wdOdrh ,nd .ekSug we;s bvlv ms<sn| iúia;rd;aulj
meyeÈ,s lr we;' jHdmdßlhka iy m%cdjg k.r iNdfõ fndfyduhla l%shdj,shka j, kS;suh iy ls%hd
ms<sfj;a ms<sn| meyeÈ,s wjfndaOhla fkdue;' wdishdkq moku úiska uE;l§ wkq.%yh olajk ,o iólaIK
j,ska t,sorõ jQfha fuu l%shd ms<sfj;a ms<sn| f;dr;=re uyck;djg f;areï .ekSug myiq wdldrhg
,nd.ekSug fkdyels njhs'
fuu Wmfoia ud,dfjys f.dvke.s,s wjirm;a ,nd.ekSu" fj<| nÿ ;SrKh lsÍu hkd§ iy wfkl=;a
l%shdj,shka j,g wod, jk l%shdjka ms<sn| iúia;rd;aulj i|yka lr we;' fuu Wmfoia ud,dj u.ska k.r
iNdfjka imhk fiajdjka" tys n,h" iy j.lSu ms<sn| jHdmdßl m%cdj iy uyck;dj oekqj;a lsÍug
woyia flfrhs' tfiau" m%foaYfha wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh ÈhqKq lsÍug;a l=vd iy uOHu mßudK l¾udka; j,
;;ajh kÕd isgqùu i|yd wjYH jk j;djrKh ilia lsÍu i|yd;a uyk.r iNdj i;= ld¾HNdrh ms<sn|
oekqj;a flf¾'
wdishdkq mokfï Wmfoia iy ;dlaIK iyh u;" ckjd¾.sl wOHhkh i|yd jQ wka;¾cd;sl flakaøh (ICES)
u.ska fuu m%ldYkh ilia lrk ,§' fï i|yd uQ,H wkq.%yh olajd we;af;a wka;¾cd;sl ixj¾Okh ms<sn|
´iafÜ%,shdkq ksfhdað;dh;kh (AusAID) iy ì%;dkHfha wka;¾cd;sl ixj¾Okh ms<sn| fomd¾;fïka;=j
(DFID) úisks'
vii | rPuhf;fy; tiuglk; - gad;gLj;JdH topfhl;b
kshduk wkqrEmk - Ndú;d lrkakkag Wmfoia
• iEu l%shd ms<sfj;lau bx.%Sis fydaäfha wldrdÈh wkqj fm< .iajd we;'
• iEu fldgilau" wod, l%shdj,sfha $ l%shdms<sfjf;a idrdxYhla oelafjk rEm rduqjlska wdrïN flf¾'
• tu l%shdj,sfhau $ l%shdms<sfjf;au mQ¾K úia;rhlao thg miqj wuqKd we;'
• iEu wxYhlau mgka .kafka" tu wod, l%shdldrlfuys wruqK iy wka;¾.;h ms<sn| úia;rhlao iuÕh'
• thg miqj ta tla tla wod, l%shdj,shg n,mdk jHjia:d iy w;=re kS;s ms<sn|j i|yka flfrk
úia;rhla wuqKd we;'
• tla tla wod, l%shdmámdáhg wkqj wfkl=;a f;dr;=re fm< .iajd we;' WodyrKhla jYfhka" nÿ f.jqï
iy wjirm;a .ekSfï l%shdj,shkays" tunÿ f.úh hq;= iy" wjirm;a ,nd.; hq;= wjia:djka iy
mqoa.,hka y÷kajd § we;' yeu ld¾hhla i|ydu" wh÷ïm;%h ilia lr .kakd wdldrh" th fhduq l,
hq;= md¾Yjh" .dia;= f.úh hq;= kï ta ms<sn| úia;r" iy wfkl=;a f;dr;=re ms<sn|j mshjfrka mshjrg
fm< .iajd we;' iuyr wjia:djkays§ wh÷ï lrkakd iy m<d;a md,k wdh;kh w;r hï u;fNao
we;súh yel' tjka wjia:dj, j,§ m%fhdackh i|yd u;fNao ksrdlrKh lsÍfï l%shd ms<sfj; y÷kajd §
we;'
• idudkHfhka tla l%shdj,shlg fldmuK ld,fõ,djla .; hq;=o hkak fuys§ ;SrKh lr ke;' kuq;a"
iuyr l%shdjka j,g" Wod(- nÿ f.ùï i|yd ld, rduqj ks¾Kh lr we;' idudkHfhka" wh÷ïlrkakdg
wNshdpkd lsÍu i|yd .;úh hq;= ld, rduqj fmkajd § we;'
• iEu ld¾Hhlau i|ydu jdf.a uyck;djf.ka f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu i|yd m<d;a md,k wdh;kh úiska
fmdaruhla ms<sfh, lr we;' fuys wvx.= lr we;s fmdaruhkaf.ka jeä m%udKhla isxy, NdIdfjkao
,nd.; yel' Èjhsfka iEu m<d;a md,k wdh;khlu l%shdj,Ska úúOdldr úh yels neúka" uq¿ Èjhskgu
n,mdk tla rduqjl isg fïjd ilia lr fkdue;s nj ie,lsh hq;=h'
• wjidk fldgfiys§" m<d;a md,k wdh;khka u.ska m%cdj i|yd bgq flfrk úúOdldr fiajdjka ms<sn|
flá ye¢kaùula lr we;'
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs; | viii
KfTiu
,e;jg; gjpg;ghdJ efu rigfspdhy; toq;fg;gLfpd;w cs;Suhl;rp Nritfis njspTgLj;Jfpd;w
xU topfhl;bahfr; nraw;gLtijf; fUJfpd;wJ. ,J gue;j cs;Suhl;rp kd;w nraw;ghLfSf;fhd
tpupthd tpguq;fisf; nfhz;l rl;lKiwikfs>; jFjpAilik> fl;lzq;fs>; tpz;zg;gpf;Fk;
nrad;Kiw> fhy msT> fpilf;fpd;w tsq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw toq;Ffpd;wJ. jdpahl;;fSk; tHj;jf
epWtdq;fSk; cs;Suhl;rp Nritfspd; rl;l nrad;Kiwr; #oiy rupahfg; gpd;gw;Wtjpy;
rpf;fiyAk; njsptpd;ikiaAk; ciladthff; fhzg;gl;Ls;sd. mz;ikapy; Mrpah epiyaj;jpd;
mDruidAld; elj;jg;gl;l Ma;T KbTfspd; gb ,J rk;ge;jkhd jfty;fs; kf;fSf;F kpf
,yFthf tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sf;$batifapy; fpilf;fg; ngwhik Rl;bf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,e;j topf;fhl;bahdJ xU fl;ll mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngWtjpy; vJ rk;ge;jg; gl;Ls;sJ. my;yj
tu;j;jftupf;nfhLg;gdit jPu;khdpf;Fk; nrad; Kiw vd;gd gw;wp Muha;fpd;wJ cjhuzkhf efu
rigfspd; Nritfs; mjpfhuk; nghWg;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; ,yq;ifapy; cs;s xt;nthU efu rigapdJk;
nghUshjhu tsHr;rpia va;jTk; rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju ifj;njhopy;fs; tsHr;rpailaf; $ba xU
rhjfkhd #oiy cUthf;Fk; efu rigf;Fs;s nghWg;Gf;fisAk; ,e;j topfhl;b Muha;fpd;wJ.
,e;j Mtdk; ,df;fw;iffSf;fhd rHtNjr epWtdj;jhy; (ICES) Mrpah epiyaj;jpd;
topfhl;LjYlDk; njhopEl;g MjuTlDk; jahupf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;fhd epjpAjtp rHtNjr
mgptpUj;jpf;fhd mT];jpNuypa KftH mikg;ghYk; (AusAID) rHtNjr mgptpUj;jpf;fhd
jpizf;fsj;jpdhYk; (DFID) toq;fg;gl;lJ.
ix | rPuhf;fy; tiuglk; - gad;gLj;JdH topfhl;b
rPuhf;fy; tiuglk; - gad;gLj;JdH topfhl;b
• gy;NtW gu];gu nraw;ghLfSk; mfutupirg;gb cs;sJ.
• xt;nthU gFjpAk; nrad; Kiwapd; rhuk;rj;Jldhd tiuglj;Jld; njhlq;Ffpd;wJ.
• mLj;jjhf cs;s cz;ikahd tptuzk; guprPyidapy; cs;s nrad;Kiwia kpfTk; tpupthf
mspf;fpd;wJ.
• xt;nthU gFjpAk; mjdJ Nehf;fj;jpidAk; cs;slf;fj;jpd; tpguq;fis tpdh KiwapYk;
tpgupf;fpd;w xU Kd;DiuAlNdNa njhlq;Ffpd;wJ.
• ,jidj; njhlu;e;J rl;l mjpfhuj;jpd; cila xU RUf;fkhd tpguzKk; Fwpg;gl;l rl;l>
Jizr;rl;lq;fspd; crhj;Jizf;fhf cs;sJ.
• Xt;nthU gFjpapYk; cs;s kPjpj; jfty;fs; gu];gu nraw;ghLfspd; #oiyg; nghWj;jJ.
cjhuzkhf nraw;ghLfshd kjpg;gPl;Ltupf; nfhLg;gdT gy;NtWgl;ldtw;wpd;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fSf;F ehq;fs; 'jifik" vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPo; milahsq; fz;L
,Uf;fpd;Nwhk.; jifikapd; fPo; xUtu; tup nrYj;j Ntz;bNah my;yJ mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; ngw
Ntz;bNah cs;sJ xt;nthU tplaj;jpYk; xU tpz;zg;gj;ij my;yJ Ntz;LNfhis vt;thW
nra;tJ ahUf;F mJ rku;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk>; vd;d nfhLg;gdTfs; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;>
NkYk; VjhtJ Njitg;gl;lhy; tpz;zg;gbtk; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mtrpakhd jfty;fs;
Mtzq;fs; vd;gd Nghd;w tpguq;fis me;j tpz;zg;gk; fl;lhak; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. rpy
tplaq;fspy; gpzf;Ffs; tpz;zg;gjhupf;Fk; cs;Suhl;rprigf;Fkpilapy; vof;$Lk; mt;thwhd
tplaq;fspy; ehq;fs; gpur;rpidj; jPu;T nrad;Kiwiag; gw;wp tpgupj;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk;.
• nghJthf ,g;gjpg;gpy; Fwpg;ghfr; nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;Fk; nraw;ghLfSf;F (rpy tplaq;fisj; jtpu>
cjhuzkhf kjpg;gPl;Ltupf; nfhLg;gdTfs;) fhy tiuaiw ,y;iy. nghJthf cs;Suhl;rp
rigapd; jPu;khdj;Jld; Kuz;gLfpd;w NghJ tuptpjpg;ghsu; my;yJ tpz;zg;gjhupf;F Nkd;
KiwaPL nra;a Fwpg;gpl;l fhy tiuaiw cz;L.
• ngUk;ghyhd nraw;ghLfSf;F cs;Suhl;rp rig cupa epakq;fSldhd tpz;zg;gj;ij
nghJkf;fsplk; ,Ue;J jfty;fisg; ngWtjw;F toq;Ffpd;wJ.nghJthf ,e;jg; gbtq;fs;
rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa fpilf;fpd;wJ ,e;jg; gbtq;fs; Njrpa mstpy; vy;yh cs;Suhl;rp
rigfisAk; NtWgLj;Jfpd;w mstpy; cupa epakq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ
Fwpg;gplg;glNtz;baJ.
• gjpg;gpd; ,Wjpg;gFjp “ehdhtpj Nritfs;” vdj; jiyg;gplg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ mjpy; cs;Suhl;rp
rigfs; Fbkf;fSf;F Mw;Wfpd;w gy;NtW NritfSk; RUf;fkhfr; nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ.
kjpg;gPl;L tup
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 2
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 3
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 3
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 3
4. kjpg;gPl;L tup mwptpj;jy; .............................................................................................. 3
5. kjpg;gPl;L tup mwptpj;jypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s tupf;fl;lzj;;njhifia
tupapWg;ghsu; Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhy; gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;;.. ........................................................................................................................ 4
6. kjpg;gPl;L tup mwptpj;jypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s tupf;fl;lzj;;njhifAld;
tupapWg;ghsu; Kuz;gl;lhy; gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;;;; ............................................................................................................................ 5!
7. ,j; jPu;khdj;ijf; $l tupapWg;ghsh; vjph;j;jhy; mtu;/mts; cjtpia
ehLtjw;F chpj;Jilath;;........................................................................................... 6
8. tupg;gzk; nrYj;jg;glhj re;jh;g;gj;jpy; tupapWg;ghsUf;F vjpuhf efu rigahy;
170k; gFjp efurig rl;lj;ijAk; khefurig rl;lj;jpd; 252-266k; gFjpfisAk;
mbg;gilahf nfhz;L gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gl KbAk;. .................. 7
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
2
kjpg;gPl;L tup - NkNyhl;lk;
kjpg;gPl;L mwptpj;jy;
gzk; nrYj;Jjy; nfhLg;gdT
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy
jiytu;
%d;W gpujpfisf; nfhz;l
gw;Wr;rPl;L kjpg;gPl;L
,ypjuplkpUe;J tprhuiz
tplak;
nfhLg;gdT fhrhsUf;F %yg;gpujp
ifnaOj;JlDk; rPYlDk;
tupapWg;ghsUf;F toq;fg;gLfpwJ
Vw;Wf; nfhs;sy; (gFjp
kPsspg;G toq;fg;glyhk;)
nfhLg;gdT 1500 &ghit
tplmjpfnkdpy; khtl;l
ePjpkd;wj;jplk;
ePjpkd;wj;jplk;
Nkd;KiwaPL
tUkhdthpf;fpisahy;
Nrfupf;fg;gl;l thp
nrYj;jhNjhu; gl;bay;
tprhuizj;
jPu;khdk;
gpur;rpid
ePjpkd;wj;jpw;F
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ
nfhLg;gdT 1500 &ghit
tplf;Fiwthf ,Ue;jhy;
Muk;gePjpkd;wj;jplk;
jiytu;
xU gpbahiz
epWj;Jtjw;F tupg;
gupNrhjfUf;F
tUkhdthp
nrYj;jhjtWf;F ,Wjp
mwptpj;jy; tUkhdtup
ghpNrhjfuhy;
tpLf;fgLfpwJ
nfhLg;gdT
nra;ag;gLfpwJ mwptpj;jiy
myl;rpag;gLj;Jjy;
miraf; $ba nrhj;Jf;fis RtPfhpj;jy;
mirAk; nrhj;Jf;fis kPl;nlLf;f
re;jh;g;gk;
nfhLg;gditr;nrYj;jp mirAk;
nrhj;Jf;fis kPl;nlLj;jy; mirAk; nrhj;Jf;fs; Vy
tpw;gid nra;ag;gLfpd;wd
kjpg;gPl;L tup
3
kjpg;gPl;L tup
1. KfTiu
xU efurigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l vy;iyapDs; mike;Js;s tPLfs; fl;blq;fs;
fhzpfs; thliff; F tplg;gl;l ghupa fl;blq;fs; Fj;jiff;F murhq;fr; nrhj;Jf;fs;
cl;gl vy;yh mirahr; nrhj;Jf;fSk; ,e;j kjPg;gPl;L tupf;F cl;gl;ljhFk;. efu
rigf;F tUkhdj;ijg; ngw;Wj; jUk; Kf;fpa tskhf ,e;j tup mike;Js;sJ.
mikr;ruhy; epu;zapf;fg;gLk; tpfpjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; (cs;Suhl;rpf;Fg; nghWg;ghd
mikr;ru; jw;NghJ khfhz rigfs; mikr;ru;) nrhj;jpDila tUlhe;jg; ngWkjpapy;
mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ. vy;yhr; nrhj;Jf;fSk; mitfs; fhzpfshapDk; rup
fl;blq;fshapDk; rup efu rigapd; cila kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjptpy; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
khefu rig rl;lj;jpd; cila 166 – 172 tiuAs;s gFjpfs; toq;fpAs;s kjpg;gPL
mwtPL kjpg;gPl;L tupapd; cila kPs; mwtPL vd;gdtw;wpw;fhd Jizr;rl;lq;fs;.
3. jifik
1) gpd;tUk; VjhtJ gpukhzq;fspd; fPo; fhzpapy; my;yJ fl;blj;jpy; trpg;gtuhf
,Uj;jy;
• xU efurigapd; vy;iyf;Fs; cs;s mirf;fKbahj nrhj;jpd; cila
chpikahsh;
• xU Fwpg;gpl;l efurigapd; vy;iyf;Fs; cs;s tPl;bd; my;yJ fhzpapd;
Fj;jiff;fhuu;
• efurigapd; vy;iyf;Fs; cs;s thlif tPl;Lf;fhuu;
• efu rigapd; vy;iyf;Fs; cs;s murpw;F nrhe;jkhd tPl;by; my;yJ
fhzpapd; Fj;jiff;fhuu;
• efu rigapd; vy;iyf;Fs; cs;s mirf;fKbahj nrhj;jpd; $l;L
chpikahsu; (,iz chpikahsu;)
4. kjpg;gPl;L tupapd; cila mwptpj;jy;
1. nrhj;jpid kjpg;gPL nra;jjd; gpd;du; xU kjpg;gPl;L mwptpj;jy; cupa nrhj;jpd;
cila cupikahsu;> $l;L cupikahsu; Fj;jiffhuu; my;yJ
FbapUg;ghsUf;F efurigapd; cila jiytuhy; brk;gu; khjk; 31k; jpfjpf;F
Kd;du; mt;thz;by; nrYj;jg;gl Ntz;ba kjpg;gPl;L tup gw;wp
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;twptpj;jy; nrhj;jpy; FbapUg;gthplk; ifaspf;fg;gLk;
nrhj;jpd; kPJ my;yJ fl;blj;jpd; kPJ mwptpj;jiy xl;btpLjy; $l mwptpj;jiy
ifaspj;jjw;fhd xU Kiwahff; fUjg;gLk;.
2. kjpg;gPl;Lf; fl;lz mwptpj;jy; rpq;fs, jkpo;, Mq;fpy nkhopfspy; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. mJ khefu rigr;rl;lj;jpd; 3tJ gjpNtl;bd; fPo; (gFjp 253(3))
jahupf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
3. ,t;twptpj;jy; gpd;tUtdtw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ.
• chpikahsUila ngah;
• kjpg;gPl;L ,yf;fk;
• nrhj;J mike;Js;s tPjpapd; cila ngah;
• tUlhe;jg; ngWkjp
• fhyhz;Lf; nfhLg;gdT
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
4
• nfhLg;gdT nrYj;j Ntz;ba jpfjp
• chpa fhyj;jpw;F Kd; gzk; nrYj;Jtjw;Fhpa fopT
• kjpg;gPL rk;ge;jkhd Ml;Nrgidfis rkh;g;gpg;gjw;Fhpa fhyk;
• nfhLg;gdT chpaNtisapy; nra;ag;glhtpl;lhy; vLf;fg;gLk; eltbf;iffs;
rk;ge;jkhd tpguq;fs;
5. mwptpj;jypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s thpj;njhif thpapWg;ghsuhy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;lhy;, gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
nrad;Kiw fhyk; mjpfhup
kjpg;gPl;L tup mwptpj;jy;
ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ
elg;G tUlk; brk;gu; 31e;
jpfjpf;F Kd;du;
efurig jiytuhy;
epakpf;fg;gLk; mYtyu;
nfhLg;gdTf;fhd xU
gw;Wr;;rPl;L (%d;W
gpujpfs; efy; gpujpiaf;
nfhz;l) ngwg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jg;
gbtkhdJ
nrYj;jNtz;ba gzj;
njhif
fhyhz;Lf;Fhpajh
my;yJ KO Mz;Lf;Fk;
chpajh Nghd;w
tpguq;fisj; njhptpf;Fk;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQu;
tup nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ fhrhsh;
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;gl;lij
cWjpg;gLj;Jk; xU
%yg;gpujp
nrYj;jg;gl;lij
cWjpg;gLj;Jk; rPYld;
my;yJ fhrhsupd;
ifnaOj;Jld;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
fhrhsu;
Fwpg;G: kjpg;gPl;Ltup fhyhz;Lf;F xU jlit my;yJ KOtUlj;jpw;Fk; nrYj;jg;gl
KbAk;.
• KO Mz;Lf;Fkhd nfhLg;gdT Fwpg;gpl;l tUlj;jpd; Kjy; khjj;jpy;
nrYj;jg;gl;lhy; 10% jhy; fopT toq;fg;gLfpwJ
• fhyhz;Lf;Fhpa nfhLg;gdT fhyhz;bd; Kjy; khjj;jpy; nrYj;jg;gl;lhy;
5% fopT toq;fg;gLfpwJ
nrad; Kiw
fhyk; mjpfhup
kjpg;gPl;L mwptpj;jy;
ngw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ
elg;G tUlk; brk;gh; 31e;
jpfjpf;F Kd;du;
efurigj; jiytuhy;
epakpf;fg;gl;l mjpfhup
xU vOj;J %ykhd
Ml;Nrgid gjpTj;
jghy; %yk; my;yJ
Neubahf
kjpg;gPl;L mwptpj;jy;
ngw;W 30 ehl;fSf;Fs;.
efurigj; jiytu;
kjpg;gPl;L tup
5
6. mwptpj;jypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s kjpg;gPl;L tupf;fl;lzj;Jld; thpapWg;ghsh;
Kuz;gl;lhy; gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
Fwpg;G: kjpg;gPl;Lf;F vjpuhd vy;yh tpthjq;fisAk; ,e;j vOj;J%ykhd Ml;Nrgid
cs;slf;fNtz;Lk;. Vd; vdpy; Kiwg;ghl;il njhptpj;j egu; ePjpkd;wk; %ykhf rl;l
jPu;it ehbr;nrd;why; kjpg;gPl;Lf;F vjpuhd tof;F eilngWifapy; Gjpa Ml;Nrgid
njhptpf;fg;glKbahJ.
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
Ml;Nrgidf; fbjk;
Vw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gl;lijf;
Fwpg;gpl;L efurigahy;
xU fbjk; mDg;g
g;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
kjpg;gPl;L vOJtpidQu;
Ml;Nrgidg; Gj;jfj;jpy;
gjpag;gLfpwJ.
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQu;
Ml;Nrgidia
njhptpj;j egh;
tprhuizf;F r%fk;
mspf;Fk;gb vOj;J
%yk; mwptpf;fg;gL;thu;.
tprhuizapd; cila
jpfjp ,lk; Neuk;
vd;gd mwptpf;fg;gLk;.
efurigapd; nrayhsu;
xU tprhuiz
elhj;jg;gLk;
3 khjj;jpw;Fs;
Ml;Nrgidf; fUj;Jf;fs;
ifaspf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
efurigapd; kjpg;gPl;L
mjpfhup tUkhdtup> mjpfhup
kw;Wk; mjpfhupfspd;
gq;Fgw;WjYld;
Ml;Nrgid njhptpj;j
egu; kjpg;gPL rk;ge;jkhf
njuptpj;j
Kiwg;ghLfis
ep&gpf;f Ntz;Lk;
tprhuiz KbTfs;
Ml;Nrgidg; Gj;jfj;jpy;
gjpag;gLfpwJ.
jiytu; / osbzitv<!
tupiaf; Fiwg;gjw;F
jPu;khdk; vLf;fg;gl;lhy;
kjpg;gPl;L gjpT
mjw;Nfw;g
jpUj;jg;gly;Ntz;Lk;
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQu;
uq{<{h<hkivqg<G!!
uqsivj{s<sjhbiz<!
uqsivj{!LcU!!
nxquqg<gh<hMl</!
fgvsjhk<!kjzuv<!/!osbzitv<
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
6
7. tupapWg;ghsh; ,j;jPu;khdj;ij vjph;j;jhy; $l efu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; 236Mk; gphptpd;
fPo; rl;lhPjpahf ghpfhuk; fhz;gjw;F chpj;Jilatuhthu;. mjw;Nfw;g mtu;/mts;
nra;af;$baJ.
nrad;Kiw
fhyk; mjpfhup
nrhj;jpd; cila
tUlhe;j ngWkjp 1,500/= I tplf; Fiwthf
cs;sjd; mbg;gilapy;
tof;F xd;iwj; jhf;fy;
nra;f.
Muk;g ePjpkd;wk;
nrhj;jpd; cila
tUlhe;j ngWkjp 1,500/= f;F $Ljyhf cs;sjd;
mbg;gilapy; tof;F
xd;iwj; jhf;fy; nra;f.
khtl;l ePjpkd;wk;
,uz;L
ePjpkd;wq;fspdJk;
jPh;g;Gf;F vjpuhf
Nkd;KiwaPL
nra;ag;gly; KbAk;;
Nkd;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk;
vy;yhj;jug;gpdiuAk;
cs;slf;fpa tifapy;
,Wjpj; jPh;g;G
ePjpkd;wq;fspdhy;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
Fwpg;G:
kjpg;gPl;L tupf; nfhLg;gditr; nrYj;Jjy; ePjpkd;w tof;F my;yJ kjpg;gPl;Lf;F
vjpuhd Ml;Nrgid fhuzkhf jhkjg;glKbahJ. Kiwg;ghL nra;fpd;w egu;
kjpg;gPl;L thpiar; nrYj;jNtz;Lk;. Kiwg;ghL nra;j egUf;Fr; rhh;ghf
ePjpkd;wj;jPh;g;G toq;fg;gLk; NghJ mtu; Nkyjpfkhfr; nrYj;jpa nfhLg;gdT kPs
toq;fg;gLk;.
kjpg;gPl;L tup
7
8. kjpg;gPl;L thpf;fl;lzk; nrYj;jg;glhjtplj;J gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffs; khefu rigr;
rl;lj;jpd; 170k; gFjp efu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; 252 ,y; ,Ue;J 266k; gpupTfis
mbg;gilahff;nfhz;L efu rigahy; vLf;fg;gl KbAk;.
nrad;Kiw fhyk; mjpfhup
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;glhjtplj;J
xt;nthU fhyhz;L
,Wjpapy; 15% kpif
mwtPL jhpR epyj;jpw;Fk;
tjptplr; nrhj;jpw;Fk;
mwtplg;gLtJld; 20% kpifmwtPL jhpRepyk;
tjptplr; nrhj;J jtpu;e;j
nrhj;Jf;fSf;F
mwtplg;gLk;.
Kjyhk;
fhyhz;Lf;F khu;r;
31f;F Kd;du;
2k; fhyhz;Lf;F
[{d; 30w;F
Kgpd;du;.
3k; fhyhz;Lf;F
nrg;lk;gu; 30w;F
Kd;du;.
4k; fhyhz;Lf;F
brk;gu; 31w;F
Kd;du;.
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQu;
fl;lzk; nrYj;jhNjhu;
gl;bay;
jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,lu;
cjtp Mizg;gj;jpuk;
cupa tUkhd tup
gupNrhjfu; / tUkhd tup Nkw;ghu;itahsUf;F
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
efurigr; nrayhsu;
,lu; cjtp Mizg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;l gpd;du;
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;glhtpl;lhy; ,Wjp
mwptpj;jy; nrhj;jpd;
cila chpikahsu;
ngaupy; gpwg;gpf;fg;gLk;.
Mdhy; mJ nrhj;jpy;
FbapUg;gthplNkNa
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l tUkhdtup
ghpNrhjfu;
,lu; cjtp Mizg;
gj;jpuj;jpd; gb mirAk;>
mirahr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 14
ehl;fSf;Fs; kjpg;gPl;L tup
nrYj;jg;glhjtplj;J
RtPfupf;fg;gl KbAk;
(khefu rigr; rl;lj;jpd;
252k; gFjpia ghu;f;fTk;)
mirah nrhj;J
murhq;fj;jpd; clikahf
cs;s re;ju;g;gj;jpy; murpd;
clikf;Fs; cs;s
mirAk; nrhj;Jf;fSk;
jq;fpapUg;gtUila
gpuj;jpNaf mirah
nrhj;Jf;fSk; RtPfhpf;fg;gl
KbAk;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
8
RtPfhpf;fr; nry;fpd;w
Ntisapy; xU tPL
my;yJ fl;blk;
G+l;bapUg;gpd; gfy;
Ntisapy; G+l;il
cilj;J jpwe;J mjidr;
RtPfupg;gjw;F khefu rl;l
257 gphptpd; fPo; efu
rigf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.
tUkhdtup ghpNrhjfu; / tUkhdtup Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
nrhj;J RtPfupg;gpd; gpd;du;
gpd;tUk; nfhLg;gdTfs;
nrYj;jg;gLk; NghJ
mr;nrhj;J chpikahsuplk;
/ FbapUg;gthplk; ifaspf;fg;glKbAk;
• ,Wjp mwptpj;jypy;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s
gzj;njhif
• RtPfhpf;fg;gl;l nrhj;jpd;
mfw;wy; mwtPlhfr;
nrYj;jg;gLk; xt;nthU
50 rjj;jpw;Fk; 5 rjk;
mwtplg;gLfpwJ
• RtPfupf;fg;gl;l nrhj;jpd;
ghJfhg;Gf; fl;lzkhf
jpdKk; 75/= mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ
• nrhj;jpd; cila
ngWkjp 10,000/= I tplf;Fiwthf
8 ehl;fis
tplFiwthd
fhyg;gFjpf;Fs;
,Ue;jhy;
• nrhj;jpd; cila
ngWkjp 24
ehl;fSf;Fs;
10,000/= I tplf; $Ljyhf
,Ue;jhy;
RtPfhpf;fg;gl;l nrhj;jpd;
cila chpikahsh;
chpa nfhLg;gditr;
nrYj;jp nrhj;jpid
jpUk;gTk; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;sh tpl;lhy;
mr;nrhj;J Vyj;jpy;
tpw;gid nra;ag;gLk;
(cs;Suhl;rp rl;lj;jpd;
cila 252, 255 tJ gFjp)
• nrhj;jpd; cila
ngWkjp 10,000/= I
tplf;Fiwthf> 8
ehl;fis
tplFiwthd
fhyg;gFjpf;Fs;
,Ue;jhy;
• nrhj;jpd; cila
ngWkjp 24
ehl;fSf;F
10,000/= I tplf; $Ljyhf
,Ue;jhy;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
xU th;j;jkhdp mwptpj;;jy;
my;yJ efu rig
gpuNjrj;jpw;Fs;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
mwptpj;jypd; Clhf Vy
tpw;gid mwptpj;jiy
tpLf;Fk; Kd;du;
nrhj;jpid kPl;Lf;nfhs;s
xU fhy mtfhrk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
• 10,000/= tplf; $ba
ngWkjpahd
nrhj;J xU 21
ehs; fhy
mtfhrk;
• 10,000/= tplf;Fiwthd
ngWkjp 6 ehis
tpl Fiwthd
fhymtfhrk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;;
kjpg;gPl;L tup
9
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l fhy
mtfhrj;jpd; NghJ
nrhj;JkPl;fg;glhtpl;lhy;
mJ Vyj;jpy; tpw;fg;gLk;
efurigr; nrayhshpd;
mwpTWj;jypd; Nghpy;
tUkhd thp ghpNrhjfu; / tUkhdtup Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
Vy tpw;gidapd; gpd;dh; 12
khj fhyj;jpw;Fs; Vy
tpw;gid %yk; ngw;w
Nkyjpf gzj;jpw;F xUtu;
chpik Nfhuhtpl;lhy;
me;j gzj;njhif efu
rig epjpapy;
itg;gpyplg;gLk;.
efurigr; nrayhsu;;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
10
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
11
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 12
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 13
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; .............................................................................................................. 13
3. xU fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpd; cila jd;ik nry;YgbahFk; jd;ik ........ 13
4. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 13
5. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 13
6. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 14
7. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 15
8. tpz;zg;gk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lgpd;duhd nrad;Kiw .............................................. 16
9. xU fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij GJg;gpj;jy; ............................................................... 17
10. fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpw;fhd tpz;zg;gk; epuhfupf;fg;gl;lhy; ............................. 18
11. ,zq;fhikapd; cila rl;l gpd;tpisTfs; ......................................................... 18
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
12
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpu
tpz;zgj;ijg;ngWjy;
G+u;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zgj;ij
nrayhsUf;F rkh;gpf;Ff
epiug;gLj;jy; fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLfpwJ
tpz;zg;gk; gjpT nra;ag;gLfpwJ
,lk; nghJr; Rfhjhug;
ghpNrhjfuhYk>; Ntiyfs;
mj;jpal;rfuhYk; ghu;itaplg;gly;.
nghJr;Rfhjhug; ghpNrhjfuhYk;
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuhYk;
ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gltpy;iy
nghJr;Rfhjhug; ghpNrhjfuhYk;
njhopy; Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuhYk;
ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F mwptpj;jy; jpl;lkply; FO
mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpwJ mDkjp
kWf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurig jiytu; fl;bl
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij
toq;Fjy;
mikr;rUf;F
Nkd;KiwaPL
nra;jy;
FiwghLfis rhpnra;jy;
mjpfhupfSf;F mwptpj;jy;
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
13
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
1) KfTiu
efu rig jdJ mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s midj;J fl;bl
nraw;ghLfisAk; fl;Lg;gLj;jp xOq;fikf;fpd;wJ. MfNt fl;blk; fl;Lk;
nraw;ghLfspy; <Lgl;Ls;s midtUk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l efurigaplkpUe;J fl;bl
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
2) rl;l mjpfhuk;
1978k; Mz;L 41k; ,yf;f efu rig mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; 3k;
gFjpapd; II A gpupT. 1986 khu;r; 10 ,y; ntspaplg;gl;l 392/9k; ,yf;f tpNrl mur
tu;j;jkhdpr;rl;lq;fs;.
Fwpg;G: 1978k; Mz;L 41k; ,yf;f efu mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigr; rl;l 3(1) gFjpapd;
fPo; efu mgptpUj;jpg; gpuNjrkhfg; gpuflzg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fSf;F ,e;jr; rl;lk;;
nghUe;Jk;.
!
3) xU fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpd; cila nry;Ygbj;jd;ik
!
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; xU tUlj;jpw;F khj;jpuNk nry;YgbahFk;. efumgptpUj;jp
mjpfhu rigr; rl;l 1978Mk; Mz;L 41 ,yf;fr; rl;l 10(06) xOq;F tpjpfspd;gb
,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; ePbf;fg;glKbAk;.
4) jifik
1) tpahghur; nraw;ghLfs; efu rigf;F mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy;
mike;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;
2) efu rigf;F cl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s mirah nrhj;jpd; cila XU
chpikahsuhf my;yJ xU Fj;jiff; fhuuhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. ,t;tpuz;L
re;ju;g;gq;fspDk; tpz;zg;gk; chpikahsuhy; ifr;rhj;jplg;glNtz;Lk;
3) tpz;zg;gpf;Fk; egu; efu rigapd; kjpg;gPl;L tup gjpNtl;by; gjpT
nra;ag;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;
5) fl;lzq;fs;
1) tpz;zg;gg;gbtf; fl;lzk; efurigfSf;fpilNa NtWglyhk;
2) nra;Kiwg;gLj;Jk; fl;lzq;fs; gpd;tUkhW.
jiug;gFjp
(rJukPw;wh;fs;)
tjptpl
cgNahfj;jpw;fhd
nrad;;Kiwg;gLj;Jk;
fl;lzk;
th;j;jf my;yJ NtW
cgNahfk;
45 w;F fPo; 10 50
46-90 25 100
91-180 50 200
181-270 200 500
271-450 500 750
451-675 750 1000
676-900 1000 1250
900 ,w;F Nky; 1000+ 1250+
3) GJg;gpf;Fk; fl;lzk; efu rigahy; epu;zapf;fg;gl;lgbahFk;.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
14
6) Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
(gpd;tUk; Mtzq;fspd; %d;W gpujpfs; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;)
1. fl;blr; nraw;ghL eil ngWk; fhzp kw;Wk; mjw;fz;kpj;j tPjpfspd;
tiuglk;
2. fhzp cl;gphpthf;fg;gl;bUe;jhy; 1:4000 vd;w mstPl;Lf;F Fiwahky;
tiuag;gl;l fhzp cl;gphpTf;Fhpa mDkjp toq;fg;gl;l gpd;tUtdtw;iwr;
Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; tiuglk;
• Gtpapay; mk;rq;fs;
• rk;ge;jg;gl;l gFjpapy; cs;s fl;blq;fs;
• gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s ghijapd; mfyk;
3. 1:1000 vd;w msTj; jpl;lj;jpw;F Fiwahky; tiuag;gLk; gpd;tUtdtw;iwf;
fhl;Lk; cj;Njr fl;blj;jpd; tpupthd fl;bl tiuglk;
• Vw;fdNt mq;F mike;Js;s fl;blq;fs;
• VjhtJ tPjp xOq;Ffs; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl ,Ue;jhy; mit gw;wpa
tpguk;
• fhzpapd; cila vy;iy
• cs;sf tPjpfs;
• thfdj; jhpg;gplg;gpuNjrq;fs;
4. fl;bl epu;khzr; nraw;ghL eilngWk; epyj;jpd; chpa nehj;jhhprpd; cila
epy cWjpg;gj;jpuk;
5. 1:100 vd;w msTj;jpl;lj;jpw;fika tiuag;gl;L fl;blj;jpd; cila
gFjpiaAk; fhl;Lk; tiuglk; (fl;blj;jpd; cila fl;blq;fisg; nghWj;J
,J 1:200 vd;w msTj;jpl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; tiuag;glKbAk;)
fl;bl tiuglj;jpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;w tplaq;fs;
• fl;blj;jpy; cs;s xt;nthU miwapdJ Nehf;fKk; me;j xt;nthU
miwapdJk; ePs mfyKk;
• fl;blj;jpy; cs;s fjTfs;, [d;dy;fs;, jpwe;j gFjpfs; mtw;wpd;
cila ePsKk; mfyKk;
• kyry $lq;fs;/ ,izg;Gf;fs;/ tbfhyikg;G vd;gdtw;wpd; miktplk;
• jPaizg;Gf;fUtp (tu;j;jf fl;blq;fs;)
• cj;Njr fl;blj;jpd; Clhfr; nry;Yk; kpd;rhutah;fis fhl;Ljy;
• Rtu;fs;, jiu, $iu, cgNahfpf;fg;gLk; nghUl;fs;, mg;nghUl;fs;
gw;wpa Fwpg;ghd tpguq;fs;.
• fl;blj;jpd; cila Rth;fs;> Kd;tisfs;, tis kw;Wk; vida
gFjpfSila gUkidf;fhl;Lk; fl;blj;jpd; FWf;F ntl;LKfj; Njhw;wk;;
• xt;nthU RthpdJk; cauk;
• fl;blk; mike;Js;s fhzpapd; vy;iyf;Fk; fl;bl ntspr;Rth;fSf;Fk;
,ilNa cs;s Jhuk;.
fl;blk; xU rpdpkh muq;F my;yJ jpNal;lu; Mf ,Ue;jhy; gpd;tUk; Nkyjpf
tpguq;fs; fl;bl tiuglj;jpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;
• efu mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigapd; xOq;Ftpjpfs;, rl;ljpl;lq;fSf;Nfw;g
tiuag;gl;l fl;bl tiuglk;
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
15
• ];jhgpf;fg;gl cs;s tbfhy;fspd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wKk;
mitfSila ePsKk;
• vy;yh khbg;gbfspd; mfyKk; fl;blj;jpy; cs;s khbg;gbfspd;
vz;zpf;ifAk;
• fjTfSila mfyk;
• fl;blj;jpd; cila cauk;
• fl;blj;jpd; xt;nthU gpuptpYk; mku;e;jpUf;f $batu;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifAk; xt;nthU jdpahspdJk; Mrd,Uf;if njhlu;ghf
xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,lmsT.
• jP guthky; jLg;gjw;fhd topKiwfs;
• jpiug;gl cgfuzq;fs; rk;ge;jkhf jP guthky; jLg;gjw;fhd
topKiwfs;
• fhw;Nwhl;l trjp
• cl;nry;if ntspr;nry;if vd;gdtw;iwf; fhl;Ljy;
6. kyry $lq;fs;, kyryf;Fopfs; vd;gtw;iwf; fhl;Lk; tiuglk;
7. cj;Njr fhzp xU new;fhzpahf ,Ue;jhy; fkey Nritfs;
jpizf;fsj;jpd; ,f;fhzpia epug;Gtjw;F toq;fg;gl;l mDkjpf;fhd
mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; rkh;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
Fwpg;G:
A. tPjp mgptpUj;jp mjpfhurigf;Fl;gl;l tPjpf;F mz;ikapy; fl;blk; epu;khzpf;fg;
gl;lhy; tPjp mgptpUj;jp mjpfhurigapd; cila mDkjpiaia ngw Ntz;Lk;
B. Mw;wq;fiuf;F mUfpy; Mw;wpy;,Ue;J 100 kPw;wu; vy;iyapDs; xU fl;blk;
epu;khzpf;fg;gl;lhy; kfhtyp mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigapd; cila mDkjpiag;
ngw Ntz;Lk;
C. fiuNahu vy;iyf;Fs; fl;blq;fs; epu;khzpf;fg;gl;lhy; fiuNahug; ghJfhg;G
mjpfhu rigaplk; ,Ue;J mDkjp ngwg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
7) tpz;zg;gpf;Fk; nrad;Kiw
nray; xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
250/= f;F tpz;zg;gg;gb
tj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;f
(efu rigfspilNa
NtWglyhk;) khjpup
tpz;zg;gk; 1984.03.10.
jpfjp ntspaplg;gl;l
392/9 ,yf;f tpNrl tu;j;jkhdpapy;;!Fwpg;gpl;l
cg gFjp B apy;!dt<t!yPr<G!
uqkqgTg<gjlbOu!
kbivqg<gh<<hMgqe<xK/!
Ntiyfs;
nghwpapayhsh; /gm<cm!wPKuqjeRv<
fl;blk; ifj;njhopy;
Nehf;fj;jpw;F
gad;gLj;jg;gl;lhy; gFjp
B2k; Xl;lyhf gad;gLj;jg;gl;lhy; gFjp
B3k; G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl NtzLk;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
16
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gk;
rku;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;
efurig nrayhsu;
fl;blj;jpd; msTf;Nfw;g
xU nrad; Kiw
xOq;Ff; fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ.
fl;bl vOJtpidQu;
nrad; Kiw xOq;Ff;
fl;lzk; nrYj;jg;gl
Ntz;Lk; mjw;fhd xU
gw;Wr; rPl;L toq;fg;gLk;
fhrhsh;
nfhLg;gdTf;fhd
fl;lzg; gw;Wr;rPl;L
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; Vw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gl;likf;fhd
gj;jpukhf fUjg;gLfpwJ
tpz;zg;gk; gjpT
nra;ag;gly;
eilngWfpwJ
fl;blq;fs;
vOJtpidQu;
8) tpz;zg;gk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lijj; njhlh;e;jhd nray; xOq;FKiwfs;
nray; xOq;FKiw
fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
fhzpapd; cila
chpikahsu; gw;wp
mwptpg;gjw;F kjpg;gPl;Lf;
fpisf;F
mDg;gg;gLfpwJ
gpujhd kjpg;gPl;L vOJ
tpidQuhy;
njhopy; El;g mYtyu;
nghJr; Rfhjhu
ghpNrhjfu; MfpNahupd;
gupe;Jiuf;fhd gpujpfs;.
Vwj;jhs 2 – 4 thuq;fs; fl;blq;fs; mDkjpg;
gj;jpuj;jpw;Fg; nghWg;ghd
gphpT
fsNkw;ghu;it
nra;ag;gLfpwJ
njhopy;El;g mYtyu;>
nghJr;Rfhjhug;
ghpNrhjfu;
nghJr;Rfhjhu gupNrhjfu;
njhopy; El;g mYtuhy;
jahupf;fg;gl;l
tpz;zg;ggbtk;
Nfl;fg;gl;l midj;J
tpguq;fisAk; epiw
nra;J cupa
mjpfhupfspdhy;
gupe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpd;;wJ
Vwj;jhs 2 khjq;fs; jpl;lkply; FO
mDkjp toq;fg;gl;lhy;
fl;bl mDkjp gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
efu rigj;jiytu;
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs;
17
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l
fl;bl mDkjp
tiug;glk; 3 gpujpfSld;
epge;jidfSlDk;
mwpTWj;jy;fSlDk;
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. xU
gpujp Rfhjhuj;
jpizf;fsj;jpw;F
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wJ
kw;iwagpujp efu
rigapy;
Ngzpitf;fg;gLfpd;wJ
efu rigapd;
epge;jidfs; tpjpfs;
vd;gdtw;Wldhd efu
rig jiytuhy;
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpz;zg;gjhupf;F
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,J 1978k; Mz;L 41
,yf;f 8 k; gpupT efu
rig rl;lj;jpd; fPo;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,t;tDkjp 1tUlj;jpw;F
nry;Yg;gbahFk;.
Fwpg;G: kjpg;gPl;L gjpNtl;by; tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; cila ngau; chpikahsuhf gjpT
nra;ag;glhtpl;lhy; fl;blq;fs; mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; nray; xOq;Fg;gLj;jg;gl Kd;du;
mjDld; njhlu;ghd khw;wq;fs; nra;ag;glNtz;b ,Uf;fpwJ.(fhuzpfs; fl;blq;fspd;
cupikahsu;fspd; gjpit khw;Wjy; vd;w gFjpiag; ghu;f;fTk;)
9) fl;bl mDkjpg; gj;jpuj;jij GJg;gpj;jy;
nrad; Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;blk; cupa fhyj;jpy;
G+u;j;jp nra;ag;
glhikf;fhd
fhuzq;fisf; Fwpg;gpl;L
xU fhy ePbg;ig vOj;J
%yk; NfhUjy;.
fl;bl vOJ tpidQu;
efu rigahy;
jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;l xU
fl;lzk; mwtplg;gl;l
gpd;du; NkYk; xU
tUlj;jpw;F fl;blmDkjp
gj;jpuk; ePbf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfupd;
gupe;Jiuapd; Ngupy;
efurigj; jiytu;.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
18
10) fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; epuhfupf;fg;gl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
xU vOj;jpyhd
Nkd;KiwaPL 1978 k;
Mz;L 41 tJ efu
mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu
rigr;rl;lj;jpd; gFjp 11
xOq;Ftpjpfspd; nra;ag;gl;l
Vw;ghLfspd; gb ifaspf;fg;
glKbAk;
cs;Suhl;rp
rigfSf;F nghWg;ghf
cs;s mikr;rh;
11) ,zq;fhikapd; cila rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;
nrad; Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;bl chpikahsu; xU
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg;
ngWk; NghJ rl;l
tpNuhjkhff; fl;lg;gl;l
fl;blk; rl;l
G+u;tkhf;fg;gLfpwJ
vd;gijf; $wp mtiu xU
fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; ngw
mwpTWj;Jf.
jpl;lkply; FOtpd;
ghpe;Jiuapd;
mbg;gilapy; efurigj;
jiytu;
,t;thwhd re;jg;gj;jpy;
jz;lidf; fl;lzk;
tpjpf;fg;gl;l gpwF fl;bl
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
jpl;lkply; FOtpd;
ghpe;Jiuapd; fPo;
efurig jiytu;
kw;iwa re;jh;g;gq;fspy;
rl;l tpNuhjkhf
fl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;bl
chpikahsu; kPJ khtl;l
ePjpkd;wj;jpy; xU tof;ifj;
jhf;fy; nra;tjd; %yk;
rl;l eltbf;if vLf;fg;gl
KbAk;.
jpl;lkply; FOtpd;
ghpe;Jiuapd; fPo;
efurig jiytu;
,iwr;rpf;filfs; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 20
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 21
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 21
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 21
4. fl;lzk; ........................................................................................................................... 21
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 21
6. tpz;zg;gpf;Fk; nrad;Kiw ......................................................................................... 21
7. Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk; vy;yh tpguq;fSk; ,iwr;rpf;fil rl;l tpjpfSf;Fs;
mlq;fhtpl;lhy; .............................................................................................................. 22
8. nghJkf;fsplk; ,Ue;J VjhtJ Ml;Nrgid njhptpf;fg;gl;lhy; .......................... 23
9. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd; tpisTfs;. ................................................................. 23
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
20
,iwr;rpf; fil mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
efurigj; jiytu;/ nrayhsUf;F vOj;J %ykhd tpz;zg;gk; tpz;zg;gk;
itj;jpa mjpfhupkw;Wk; kpUfitj;jpa
epGzUila Nkw;ghu;it
itj;jpa mjpfhhp kpUf itj;jpa
epGzu; MfpNahuJ mwpf;if
Nfl;fg;gl;l midj;Jk;
cs;sd Nfl;fg;gl;l
midj;Jk; ,y;iy
efu rig jiytu; Ml;Nrgid
njhptpg;gjw;fhd tu;j;jkhdp
mwptpj;jy; tpLf;fpwhh;
Ml;Nrgidfs;Ml;Nrgidfs;
,y;iy
mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpwJ tprhuiz
elj;jg;gLfpwJ
jPu;khdk; tpz;zg;gjhhpf;Fk;
Ml;Nrgidia mwptpj;j
egUf;Fk; mwptpf;fg;gLfpwJ tpz;zg;gjhhp ghJfhg;G itg;ig
efu rigapy; itg;gpypLtJld;
efu rigAld; cld;gbf;ifapy;
ifr;rhj;jpLfpwhu;
,iwr;rp fil mDkjpg; gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
,iwr;rpf;filfs; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
21
,iwr;rpf; fil mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
1. KfTiu
Fwpg;gpl;l efu rig gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s vy;yh tifahd ,iwr;rpf; filfSk;
,iwr;rpntl;Lk; filfSk; efurigj; jiytuhy; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;w xU
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngwNtz;Lk;.
Fwpg;G: ngUk;ghyhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy; ,iwr;rpf;filfs; efu rigahy; tUlhe;jk; Vy
tpw;gidaplg;gLfpd;wd.
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;
• efurig rl;lj;jpd; cila 128tJ gphpT (mj;jpahak; 255)
• ,iwr;rpf; filr;rl;lk; (mj;jpahak; 272) jpUj;jg;gl;l 31tJ 1976 k; Mz;L
6tJ 1981k; Mz;L rl;lj;jpd; gb.
• 06.11.1953 10609 ,yf;f tu;j;jkhdpapy; ntspaplg;gl;l (261 mj;jpahak;
Jizr;rl;lq;fs;
3. jifik
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gFjpapDs; nfhy;fsj;jpd; my;yJ
,iwr;rpf;filfspd; chpikahsuhf my;yJ vjpu;fhyj;jpy; chpikahsuhff; $ba
xUtuhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.
4. fl;lzk;
efu rigahy; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;w fl;lzk;
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
,iwr;rpf;fil mikf;fg;glTs;s ,lj;jpd; chpikahsuplkpUe;jhd fbjk;.
,iwr;rpf;fil mDkjpf;fhd tpz;zg;gj;jpy; gpd;tUk; tplaq;fs; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; cila ngau;
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; Kftup
• ,iwr;rpf; fil ];jhgpf;fg;gl ,Uf;fpd;w ,lj;jpd; cila Kfthp
6. tpz;zg;gr; nray;Kiw
Fwpg;G: ,uz;L tifahd mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs; cs;sd
1. jw;fhypf mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
2. tUlhe;j mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
22
7. ,iwr;rpf; filr; rl;l tpjpfSf;Fhpa tifapy; Nfl;fg;gl;lit mike;jpUf;fh
tpl;lhy;
nrad; Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
VjhtJ Kiwg;ghLfs;
,Ue;jhy;
tpz;zg;gjhupf;F
mwptpf;fg;gLk;
efurigapd; jiytu;
FiwghLfs; eptu;j;jp
nra;ag;gLk; ,lj;jpy;
mDkjpg; gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
efurigapd; jiytu;
nrad; Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
,iwr;rp ntl;Lk; fil> ,iwr;rp
tpw;gidf; filia
elj;Jtjw;Fhpa
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpw;fhd vOj;J
%ykhd gj;jpuj;jpw;fhd tpz;zg;gk;
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
efurig jiytu; / nrayhsu;
,iwr;rpf;fil rl;lj;jpw;Fhpa
tpjpfSf;F mikthd ,lkh
vd;gij mwptjw;fhd Nkw;ghu;it.
itj;jpa mjpfhup my;yJ
kpUfitj;jpa epGzu;
Nkw;ghu;itia mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;L mwpf;if
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
itj;jpa mjpfhup / kpUf itj;jpa epGzu;
Nfl;fg;gl;lit midj;Jk;
G+u;j;jpnra;ag;gl;bUe;jhy;
tu;j;jkhdpapy;
Ml;NrgidfSf;fhd mwptpj;jy;
,lg;gLfpd;wJ
efurigapd; jiytu;;
Ml;Nrgidfs; vJTk;
,y;yhtpl;lhy; mDkjpf;fhf efu
rigapd; jiytupd; Kd;
itf;fg;gLfpwJ.
Ml;Nrgid ,y;yhtpl;lhy;
,iwr;rpf; filia elj;Jtjw;fhd
mDkjpg; gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;;
tpz;zg;gjhup efurigAld; xU
cld;gbf;ifapy; ifnaOj;J
,LtJld; tpz;zg;gjhupahy; xU
ghJfhg;Gitg;G efurigapy;
itg;gpyplg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;;
,e;j mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; tUlhe;jk;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuf; fl;lzj;ijr;
nrYj;Jtjd; %yk; GJg;gpf;fg;gl
Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ.
,iwr;rpf;filfs; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
23
8. nghJkf;fsplk; ,Ue;J VjhtJ Ml;Nrgid ,Ug;gpd;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
Ml;Nrgidfs; efu
rigapd; vy;iyf;Fs;
trpf;Fk; tjptpljhhpahy;
gpujp%yk; nra;ag;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
efurigj; jiytu;
Ml;Nrgid njhptpj;j
egu;, egh;fsJk; efurigj; jiytupdJk;
gpurd;dj;Jld; xU
tprhuiz
elj;jg;gLfpwJ.
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij
uj;Jr; nra;tjw;F
my;yJ toq;Ftij
cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;Fhpa
jPu;khdk;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly;
efurigj; jiytu;;
Ml;Nrgidia njhptpj;j
egh;/ egh;fSf;Fk;
tpz;zg;gjhupf;Fk;
vOj;J %ykhf jPu;khdk;
mwptpf;fg;gLk;
efurigj; jiytu;
efurig jiytupd;
jPu;khdj;jpw;F vjpuhf
ve;jj;jug;gpdUk;
Kiwaplyhk;
jPu;khdk; fpilj;jjpy;
,Ue;J 10 ehl;fSf;Fs;
dt<Tvim<sq!sjhg<Gh<!
ohiXh<hie!njls<si<!
mikr;ruhy;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l
jPu;khdk; ,WjpahdJ
ve;j ePjpkd;wj;jpYk;
vjph;j;J tof;F jhf;fy;
nra;aKbahJ
Fwpg;G: tUlhe;j mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; njhlu;ghf xU jPu;khdk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;
glhjtplj;J 14 ehl;fSf;Fhpa xU jw;fhypf mDkjpg; gj;jpuk; efu rigaplkpUe;J
ngwg;gl KbAk;.
9. ,zq;fhikapd; cila rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;
nrad; Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
mDkjpgj;jpukpd;wp
,iwr;rp ntl;Lk;
fil/,iwr;rp tpw;gidf;
fil elj;Jk; egu;
khtl;l ePjpgjpapd; Kd;
M[u;gLj;jg;glKbAk;
efurigj; jiytu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
24
Fw;wk; eP&gpf;fg;gLk;
gl;rj;jpy; 2000-5000 &gh
mguhjk; my;yJ MW
khjr; rpiwj; jz;lid
tpjpf;fg;gLk;
khtl;l ePjpgjp
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 26
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 27
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 27
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 27
4. fl;lzk; ........................................................................................................................... 27
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 27
6. ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; toq;fhky; epuhfhpf;fpd;w NghJ .............................................. 28
7. ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ,y;yhky; FbapUg;gjDila rl;l gpd; tpisTfs; ............ 28
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
26
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; - NkNyhl;lk;
g{g<ogMg<gilz<!-Vk<kz<!
tpz;zg;gjhup khtl;l ePjpkd;wj;jpw;F
efurigahy; miof;fg;gLfpd;whu;
efu rigapy; ,Ue;J ,ytrkhfg; ngWk;
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
100&gh nrad;Kiw xOq;F gLj;Jk;
fl;lzj;JlDk; G+u;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; efurigf;F
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F gw;Wr;rPl;L
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuplkpUe;J
fsNkw;ghu;it gw;wpa mwpf;if
tpz;zg;gk; Nky; eltbf;iff;fhf jpl;lf;
FOtplk; rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
mDkjpaspj;jy;
efurigj;
jiytu;; ,zf;fr;
rhd;wpjio
toq;Ffpwhu;
epuhfupg;G
efu rigapy; Vw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gl;l jpUj;jg;gl;l
tiuglk;
jpUj;jg;gl;l
tiuglj;jpw;Nfw;g
khw;wq;fis nra;jy; 7
ehl;fSf;F Fiwthf
toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy
kPs
tpz;zg;gpj;jy;
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
27
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
1. KfTiu
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l fl;bl tiuglj;jpw;fika fl;blk; fl;bKbf;fg;gl;L G+u;j;jp
nra;ag;gl;Ls;sij cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ,e;j ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ. fl;blk; fl;bKbf;fg;gl;L ghtpf;fg;gLk; Kd;du; ,r;rhd;wpjo;
efu rigapy; ,Ue;Jg; ngwg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
I. 1978k; Mz;L 8k; gFjp (K) efu rigr; rl;lk;
II. 1986.03.10 md;W gpuRhpf;fg;gl;l 392/9 th;j;jkhdpapd; 1978 k; Mz;L 41 tJ
,yf;f efu mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigapdhy; ntspaplg;gl;l 67 tJ rl;l tpjp
3. jifik
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l fl;bl tiuglj;jpw;Nfw;g fl;blk; epu;khzpf;fg;gly;
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; ,ytrkhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;glKbAk;
• fl;blj;jpd; cila rJug; gug;gstpd; mbg;gilapy; ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjOf;fhd
xU fl;lzk; mwtplg;gLfpwJ. (Mff;Fiwe;j njhif 100&gh)
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg;
ngWf
fl;blq;fs;
vOJtpidQu;
mDkjp toq;fg;gl;l
fl;bl tiuglj;jpw;fika
fl;blk;
epu;khzpf;fg;gl;bUg;gij
tpz;zg;gbtj;jpy;
cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;.
efu rigAld; gjpT
nra;Js;s gl;lag;
nghwpapayhsu; my;yJ
fl;blf; fiyQu;
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
tpz;zg;gjhhpahy;
ifaOj;jplg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
tpz;zg;gbtk;
rku;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
fl;blj;jpd; cila
rJug;gug;gstpd;
mbg;gilapy; ,zf;fr;
rhd;wpjOf;fhd xU
fl;lzk; mwtplg;gLfpwJ.
(Mff; Fiwe;j fl;lzk;
100/=)
fl;blq;fs;
vOJtpidQu;
xU gw;Wr; rPl;L
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
(,g;gw;Wr;rPl;L
tpz;zg;gj;ij
fhrhsu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
28
Vw;Wf;nfhz;l xU
Mtzkhff;
fUjg;gLfpwJ)
fs Nkw;ghu;it gw;wpa
mwpf;if
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gk; mDkjpf;fhf
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigapd; cila
jpl;lkplw; FO
jpl;lkply; FOthy;
mDkjp mspf;fg;gl;lhy;
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
efurigj; jiytu;
6. ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; toq;fhky; epuhfupf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l fl;bl tiuglj;jpd;gb fl;blk; epu;khzpf;fg;glhj re;ju;g;gj;jpy; xU
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; toq;FtJ epuhfhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
mg;nghOJ tpz;zg;gjhhp gpd;tUtdtw;iw nra;AkhW mwpTWj;jg;gLthu;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
xU jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl;l
fl;bl tiuglj;ij
mDkjpf;fhf rkh;g;gpf;f
jpl;lkply; FOtpd;
ghpe;Jiuapd; fPo; efu
rig jiytu;
my;yJ
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l
fl;blj;jpy;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l
khw;wq;fs; mwptpf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
jpl;lkply; FOtpd;
ghpe;Jiuapd;
mbg;gilapy; efu rig
jiytu;
tpz;zg;gr; nrad; Kiw mjd; gpd;du; toikahd mjdJ xOq;fpy; njhlq;Ffpd;wJ.
7. ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ,y;yhky; xU fl;blj;jpy; trpg;gjDila rl;lgpd; tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
efu rig ePjpkd;w
Miziag; ngWfpwJ.
tpz;zg;gjhup fl;blj;ijf;
iftpLk;gb
fl;blj;ij ,bf;Fk; gb
my;yJ kPs epu;khzpf;Fk;
gb cj;jutplg;glyhk;
gupe;Jiuf;fg; gl;l NtW
eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
khtl;lePjpkd;wk;
efurig
efu rigf;F ePjpkd;wr;
nryTfs; kw;Wk; Vida
nrytPdq;fis
fl;blchpikahshplkpUe;J
(,bj;jy;, ntspNaw;Wjy; cl;gl) ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
,d;wp
FbapUf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
29
mwtpLtjw;F mjpfhuk;
,Uf;fpwJ.
khtl;l ePjpkd;wk; xU
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ,d;wp
FbapUg;gjw;F 1000/= tpw;F Fiwahj
mguhjj;ijAk;
Nkyjpfkhf xt;nthU
ehisf;Fk; 100/= tpw;F Fiwahj njhifia
Fw;wj;ij kPwpajw;fhfTk;
tpjpf;fKbAk;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
30
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo;
NkNyhl;lk;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ............................................................................................................................ 32
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 33
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; .............................................................................................................. 33
3. jifik. .......................................................................................................................... 33
4. fl;lzk; ........................................................................................................................... 33
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 33
6. tpz;zg;g nrad;Kiw .................................................................................................. 33
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
32
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo; - NkNyhl;lk;
fl;lzj;jpw;F my;yJ fl;lzkpd;wp xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg; ngWtjw;F efu
rigf;F vOj;J %ykhd Ntz;LNfhs;
efu rigf;F tpz;zg;gk; rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
kjpg;gPl;L vOJtpidQu; njhopy;El;g
cj;jpNahfj;jUil cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;
efu rig jiytu; chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd
rhd;wpjio toq;Ffpd;whu;
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo;
33
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo;
1. KfTiu
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs; xU epyj;ij mlF itj;J
mlkhdk; %yk; xU flid xU epjpepWtdj;jplk; ,Ue;J ngWfpd;wNghJ efu
rigahy; mf;fhzp RtPfhpf;fg;glkhl;lhJ vd;gij njhptpf;Fk; xU rhd;wpjo;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjo; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. xU
fhzpia my;yJ nrhj;ij kjpg;gPl;L tup nrYj;jg;glhj tplj;J my;yJ mJ
tPjpg;ghijfSf;Fhpa epyj;Jld; njhlu;Ggl;ljhapd; my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l fhzp my;yJ
nrhj;J nghJ Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf Njit vdf; fUJk; gl;rj;jpy; mjid RtPfhpf;f $ba
mjpfhuj;ij efu rig nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,q;F chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjopd;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vOfpd;wJ. Vnddpy; efu rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fspd;
mbg;gilapy; ,q;F Fwpg;gpl;l re;ju;g;gq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; nrhj;Jf;fisg;
nghWg;Ngw;ff; $ba> RtPfupf;f$ba mjpfhuj;ij efu rig nfhz;Ls;sJ.
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;
rhpahd rl;l mjpfhu mikg;igr; Rl;bf;fhl;LtJ kpff; fbdk; efurig
chpj;jhz;ikf;fhd rhd;wpjio toq;Ffpd;wJ.
3. jifik
• epyk; my;yJ nrhj;J efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs;
mlq;fpapUf;fNtz;Lk;
• kjpg;gPl;Ltup vJtpj jhkjkpd;wp nrYj;jg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
• fhzp my;yJ nrhj;J tPjpg;ghijfSf;Fl;gl;l gFjpapy; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
4. fl;lzk;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; fl;lzj;jpw;F efu rigfshy; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ. fl;lzq;fs;
efu rigf;F efurig NtWglf;$Lk;.
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
Njitahd tpguq;fs;;
• neLQ; rhiyapd; tPjpapd; cila ngau;
• kjpg;gPl;L ,yf;fk;
• miktplk;
• chpikahsupd; ngah;
• capypd; cila ,yf;fk; ngah;
• tiuglj;jpl;l ,yf;fk; jpfjp
,e;j rfy tpguq;fSk; Mtzq;fSk; tpz;zg;gj;jpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
rpy efu rigfs;
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd
rhd;wpjiog; ngWtjw;fhd
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ij
tpepNahfpf;fpd;wd. ,J xU
vOj;J %ykhd Ntz;LNfhs;
efurigapd; gpujk
kjpg;gPl;L mjpfhup
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
34
%yk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl
Ntz;Lk;. rpy efu rigfs;
fl;lzj;jpw;F tpz;zg;gq;fis
tpepNahfpf;fpd;w Ntisapy; rpy
efu rigfs; ,ytrkhf
toq;Ffpd;wd.
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; efu rigf;F
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigapd; gpujk
kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQu;
kjpg;gPl;Lthp mDkjpg;gj;jpuf;
fl;lzq;fs; mjDld;
njhlu;ghd nfhLg;gdTfs;
vd;gdtw;wpy; vJtpj
epYitfSk; ,y;iy
vd;gjw;fhd cWjpg;gLj;jy;
tUkhdtup
vOJtpidQh;
kjpg;gPl;Ltup mDkjpg;gj;jpu
fl;lzq;fs; mjDld;
njhlu;ghd nfhLg;gdTfspy;
VjhtJ epYitfs; ,Ug;gpd;
efu rig chpj;jhf;fg;
glhikf;fhd rhd;wpjio
toq;fhJ.
fhzpahdJ
tPjpg;ghijfSf;Fl;gl;lJ my;y
vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jy;.
njhopy;El;g
cj;jpNahfj;ju;
,e;jvy;yhj; jfty;fisAk;
ngw;wg;gpd;du; efurigapd;
jiytuhy;
chpj;jhf;fg;glhikf;fhd
rhd;wpjo;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
erurigj; jiytu;
fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 36
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 37
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 37
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 37
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 37
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................... 37
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 37
7. fofq;fs; ];jhgpg;gjpy; VjhtJ Ml;Nrgidfs; ,Ue;jhy; ................................... 38
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
36
fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
efu rigapy; ,Ue;J
,ytrkhfg; ngWk; xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
tUkhdthp vOJtpidQUf;F
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;jpd; %d;W gpujpfs;
tpz;zg;gj;jpd; cila gpujpfs; cs;@u; nghyp]; mj;jpal;rfUf;Fk; fyhy;
tup jpizf;fs Mizahsh; ehafj;jpw;Fk; rkh;gpf;fg;glNtz;Lk;
efu rigapd; th;j;jkhdp
mwptpj;jy;
nghJkf;fspd;
Ml;Nrgid Ml;Nrgid ,y;iy
efurigj;jiytUf;F efurigj; jiytu; fl;lzj;jpw;fhd
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij toq;Ffpwhu;
Vw;Wf;nfhs;jy;
mikr;rUila
jPu;khdk;
mikr;rUf;F
Nkd;KiwaPL
nghyp]; mj;jpal;rfh; fyhy; tup
jpizf;fs Mizahsu;;
MfpNahuJ mwpf;iffs;
ngwg;gLfpd;wd
tprhuizf;
FOtpDila jPh;khdk;
fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
37
fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
1. KfTiu
xU Fwpg;gpl;l efurig gpuNjrj;jpDs; ];jhgpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. fofq;fs;; efu rigapy;
fl;lhakhfg; gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
1975 k; Mz;bd; 17 ,yf;f fofq;fs;; mDkjp rl;lKk; mjDld; njhlu;Ggl;l
midj;Jr; rl;lq;fSk;.
3. jifik
efu rig gpuNjrj;jpDs; Vw;fdNt cs;s my;yJ ];jhgpf;fg;gl;Ls;s fofq;fs;
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• efu rigapy; ,Ue;J &gh 50/= f;fhd xU tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; ngwg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
• &gh 350 fl;lzj;jpw;F mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. (efu
rigfSf;fpilapy; ,J NtWglyhk;)
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
fofj; jiytuhy; ifnaOj;jplg;gl;l fof rl;lq;fs; xOq;Ftpjpfs; mlq;fpa
gl;bay;
1. gpd;tUk; jfty;fs; tpz;zg;gbtj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; cila ngau;
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; cila Kftup
• tpz;zg;gjhhp fofj;jpd; cila jiytuh nrayhsuh my;yJ
Kfhikahsuh
• fofj;jpd; cila ngau;
• fofj;jpd; cila Kftup
• fofj;jpd; cila nraw;ghLfs;
• fofj;jpd; cila jiytu;, nrayhsu;, nghUshsUila ngau;
• cWg;gpdu;fSila vz;zpf;if
6. tpz;zg;g nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
&gh 50/= nrYj;jp xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ij efu
rigapy; ,Ue;J ngWf.
efu rig nrayhsu;
tpz;zg;gk; jiyth;>
nrayhsu; my;yJ
nghUshsuhy;
ifnahg;gkplg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;jpd; 3
gpujpfs; rkh;gpf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
tUkhdtup
,ypfpjUf;F
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;jpd;
gpujpfs; Nky;
cs;@u; nghyp];
mj;jpal;rfu;> fyhy;;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
38
eltbf;iff;fhf
rku;g;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
tUkhdtup vOJ
tpidQuhy;
efu rigj; jiytUf;F
tpz;zg;g gpujpfs; cupa
eltbf;iffSf;fhf
rku;g;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
Mizahsu; ehafk;
gpd;tUtdtw;iwf;
Fwpg;gpl;L efurig
tu;j;jkhdp
mwptpj;jiy
ntspapLfpd;wJ.
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd;
cila ngah;
• fofj;jpd; cila
ngah;
• fofr; nraw;ghLfs;
Nkw; nfhs;sg;gl
,Uf;fpd;w ,lk;
• Ml;NrgizfSf;f
hd KbTj;jpfjp
th;j;jkhdp mwptpj;jy;
ntspaplg;gl;L 4
thuq;fSf;Fs;
];jhgpf;f
cj;Njrpf;fg;gl;Ls;s
my;yJ fof mDkjp
gj;jpuj;ij GJg;gpg;gJ
rk;ge;jkhf VjhtJ
Ml;Nrgidiaj;
njhptpf;f tpUk;gpdhy;
mJgw;wp efu rigf;F
rku;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd
tu;j;jkhdp mwptpj;jypy;
Fwpg;gpLk;
cs;@u; nghyp];
mj;jpal;rfu; fyhy;;
Mizahsu; ehafk;
MfpNahuJ mwpf;iffs;
ngwg;gLfpd;wd.
Ml;Nrgidfs; vJTk;
,y;yhjpUg;gpd;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
efurigj; jiytu;
Fwpg;G: mDkjp gj;jpuj;jpd; gpujpfs; nghyp]; mj;jpal;rfu;, fyhy; Mizahsu;
ehafk; MfpNahUf;F mDg;ggg;Lk;.
7. fofq;fs; ];jhgpj;jy; rk;ge;jkhf VjhtJ Ml;Nrgidfs; ,Ug;gpd;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
Ml;Nrgidf; fbjj;jpd;
cila gpujp
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
mDg;gpitf;fg;gLk;
efurigj; jiytu;
tprhuizf; FOtpd;
cila jPu;khdk;
efurigj; jiytu;
fof mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
39
tprhuizf;FOtpd;
cila jPu;khdk;
Ml;Nrgidiaj; njhptpj;j
egUf;Fk;, nghyp];
mj;jpal;rfUf;Fk;, fyhy; Mizahsu; ehafj;jpw;Fk;
mwptpf;fg;gLk;
efurigj; jiytu;
tprhuiz mwpf;ifapy;
jpUg;jp ,y;yhtpbd;
Nkd;KiwaPL
nra;aKbAk;.
jPh;khdk; mwptpf;fg;gl;L 10
ehl;fSf;Fs;
cs;@uhl;rp mikr;ru;
Fwpg;G: mikr;rUila jPu;khdk; ,WjpahdJ ePjpkd;wq;fspy; vjpu;j;J tof;F jhf;fy;
nra;aKbahJ.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
40
fspahl;l thp
NkNyhl;lk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ............................................................................................................................ 42
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 43
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 43
3. fl;lzk; ........................................................................................................................... 43
4. nrad; Kiw xOq;F .................................................................................................... 43
5. ,zq;fhikapd; cila rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;. ........................................................ 44
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
42
fspahl;l tup – NkNyhl;lk;
mwtplg;gl Ntz;ba gzj;njhif xU
tu;j;jkhdpapy; mwptpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ
thpf;Fg; nghWg;ghf cs;s egu; tupia
gw;Wr; rPl;by; Nrh;f;fpwhu;
vy;yh gw;Wr; rPl;Lf;fspYk; efu rigj;
jiytu; cila ,wg;gu; rPy;
Kj;jpiuaplg;gLfpwJ.
tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;l gw;Wr;rPl;Lf;fspd; vz;zpf;if tUkhd
tupg;ghpNrhjfuhy; my;yJ NtWahuhtJ xU
cj;jpNahfj;juhy; ghpNrhjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;;l gw;Wr;rPl;Lfspd; vz;zpf;iff;
Nfw;g nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;Fg; nghWg;ghf cs;s egu;
thpj;njhifia fzf;fpLfpwhu;
ehshe;jk; efu rigf;F tup
nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ ehshe;jk; efu rigf;F tup
nrYj;jg;gltpy;iy
tup nrYj;jhjtUf;F vjpuhf khtl;l
ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;F efu rigahy;
jhf;fy; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
fspahl;l thp
43
fspahl;l thp
1. KfTiu
xU Fwpg;gpl;l efu rig vy;iyf;Fs; eilngWfpd;w nghJ muq;fhl;lq;fs;
fspahl;ltupiar; nrYj;Jtjw;F chpj;JiladthFk;. ,e;j thpahdJ vy;yh nghJ
muq;fhl;l gw;Wr; rPl;Lf;fspd; tpiyAld; cs;slf;fg;gLfpd;wJ vdpDk; rka, fy;tp, jUk ];jhgd eltbf;iffSld; njhlu;Ggl;l fhl;rpfSf;F ,e;j fspahl;l thpapy;
,Ue;J tpjptpyf;fspf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
1946 Mk; Mz;L 12k; ,yf;f fspahl;l thpr;rl;lk;
3. fl;lzq;fs;;
• mwtplg;gLfpd;w fspahll thpf;fl;lzj;njhif th;j;jkhdpapy; mwptpf;fg;gLk;
• nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;F nghWg;ghf ,Uf;fpd;w egh;/ egh;fs; ,e;jthpia vy;yh
nghJ muq;fhl;l gw;Wr;rPl;Lf;fspYk; cs;slf;Ffpd;whu;fs;
4. nrad;Kiw xOq;F
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
efu rigapd; jiytupd;
,wg;gh; Kj;jpiu vy;yh gw;Wr;
rPl;Lf;fspYk; ,lg;glNtz;Lk;
(rpdpkh gw;Wr;rPl;Lf;fisg;
nghWj;jkl;by; ,e;j xOq;F
gpd;gw;wg;gLtjpy;iy)
efurigj; jiytu;
nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;Fg;
nghWg;ghd egh;fs; tpw;gid
nra;ag;gl;Ls;s gw;Wr;
rPl;Lf;fs; gw;wpa tpguq;fisg;
NgzNtz;Lk;.
Xt;nthU fhl;rpapYk;
tpw;gid nra;ag;gLfpd;w
tpw;gidr; rPl;Lf;fis
ghpNrhjpj;jy;
tUkhdthp ghpNrhjfh;
my;yJ NtW xU
mYtyh;
nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;Fg;
nghWg;ghf ,Uf;fpd;w egh; / egh;fs; tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;l
gw;Wr; rPl;Lf;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifapd; mbg;gilapy;
thpj;njhifia fzf;fpl;L
ehshe;jk; efu rigf;F
thpiar; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;
efurige; nrayhsu;
Fwpg;G: jpiug;glq;fs;> Nkilehlfq;fistpl Vida nghJ muq;fhl;lq;fisg;
nghWj;jtiuapy; tpz;zg;gjhhp nkhj;jkhf tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;Ls;s hpf;fw;fspd; 25%
,w;Fr;; rkkhd fspahl;l thpj;njhifia ghJfhg;G itg;ghf nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
44
5. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fspahl;l thp
nrYj;jg;glhj tplj;J
khtl;l ePjp kd;wj;jpy;
xU tof;Fj; jhf;fy;
nra;aKbAk;
efu rig
Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;;;;;;;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 46
1. mwpKfk; .......................................................................................................................... 47
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 47
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 47
4. fl;lzk; ........................................................................................................................... 47
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................... 47
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 47
7. Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhhpAk; Rw;whly; cj;jpNahfj;jUk; tpz;zg;gj;ij
ghpe;Jiuf;fhtpl;lhy; ..................................................................................................... 48
8. mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; kPz;Lk; epuhfhpf;fg;gl;lhy; .............................................................. 49
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
46
Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
efu rigapy; ,Ue;J fl;lzk; nrYj;jp
xU tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg; ngwy;
Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhupapd; mYtyfj;jpy;
Rw;whly; rk;ge;jg;gl;l tplaq;fisf;ifahSfpd;w
vOJtpidQhplk; Njitahd Mtzq;fSld;
rkh;gpf;Ff.
Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhup kw;Wk; Rw;whly;
mYtyUila fsNkw;ghu;it
rhjfk; rhjfkpd;ik
njhopy; El;g kjpg;gpl;Lf;
FOtpw;F
Nky;eltbf;iff;fhf
rkh;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurig jiytUf;F chpa
eltbf;iff;fhf
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpz;zg;gjhhpaplk;
FiwghLfis njhptpj;jy;
FiwghLfs;
tpz;zg;gjhhpahy; epiwT
nra;ag;gl;L Rfhjhu
itj;jpa mjpfhupf;F
mwptpj;jy;
Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;;;;;;;
47
Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;;;;;;;
1. KfTiu
kj;jpa Rw;whly; mjpfhu rigahy; tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Rw;whly; juq;fis NgZtjw;F
efu rigapd; gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s ifj;njhopy;Jiw th;j;jfj;Jiw Nkw;nfhs;fpd;w
eltbf;iffis cWjpg;gLtjw;fhFk;.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
1987 k; Mz;L 40 ,yf;f kj;jpa Rw;whly; rl;lk;
3. jifik
efu rig gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s tdts Rw;whly; Jiw mikr;ruhy;
22.11.2000 Mz;bd; 1159/22 ,y tu;j;jkhdpapy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s midj;J
ifj;njhopy; th;j;jf epiyaq;fSk; mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngw Ntz;Lk;
4. fl;lzk;
tpz;zg;gf; fl;lzk; efu rigahy; epu;zapf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J efurigfSf;fpilNa
NtWglf; $Lk;
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
• ifj;njhopy; my;yJ th;j;jf miktplj;jpd; ghijaikg;ig fhl;Lk; tiuglk;
• tpahghuj;jpd; cila gjpTr; rhd;wpjo;
• fl;blj;jpd; my;yJ ,lj;jpd; cila mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l tiuglk; kw;Wk;
,zf;fr; rhd;wpjo;
• fhzpapd; cila tiuglk;
• tsp / ,iur;ry; khriljiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjpy; xU rpwg;ghd foptfw;wy;
Kiw vd;gdtw;iw Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f eltbf;iffs;
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzj;jpw;Fhpa xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg;
ngWf
efurig nrayhsu;
mtrpakhd
Mtzq;fSld; G+u;j;jp
nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gk;
rkh;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
Rfhjhu itj;jpa
mjpfhupapd;
mYtyfj;jpy; Rw;whly;
tptfhuq;fisf;
ifahSk;
vOJtpidQh;
fsNkw;ghu;it
Rfhjhu itj;jpa
mjpfhup Rw;whly;
mjpfhup
fsNkw;ghu;itia
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
mwpf;if chpa
eltbf;iff;fhf
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ.
njhopy;El;g
kjpg;gPl;Lf;FO / Rw;whly;f;; FO
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
48
tpz;zg;gk; njhopEl;g
kjPg;gPl;Lf; FO / Rw;whly; FO
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
njhopy;El;g
kjpg;gPl;Lf;FOtpd; / Rw;whly; FOtpd;
mDkjpiaj; njhlh;e;J
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
efurigj; jiytu;
Fwpg;G: njhopy; El;g kjpg;gPl;Lf;FO gpd;tUtdNthiuf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ
• efurigj; jiytu;
• nghJr;Rfhjhug; gupNrhjfu;
• Rw;whly; cj;jpNahfj;jh;
• efu mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigapd; cila gpujpepjp xUth;
• njupT nra;ag;gl;l efurig cWg;gpdu;fs;.
7. Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhhpAk; Rw;whly; cj;jpNahfj;jUk; tpz;zg;gj;ij
ghpe;Jiuf;fhtpl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
tpz;zg;gg;gj;jpuj;jpd;
FiwghLfisf;
Rl;bf;;fhl;b
mf;FiwghLfis
epth;j;jp nra;a vd;d
eltbf;iffs;
vLf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
vd;gJk; Fwpg;gpl;L
mwptpj;jy;
mDg;gg;gLfpwJ.
efurigj; jiytu;
FiwghLfis epth;j;jp
nra;j gpd;dh;
tpz;zg;gjhhp
mwptpf;fpwhh;.
efurigj; jiytu;
fsNkw;ghu;it
elj;jg;gLfpwJ
Rfhjhu itj;jpa
mjpfhhpAk; Rw;whly;
cj;jpNahfj;jUk;
fsNkw;ghu;itia
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l
mwpf;iffs;
rkh;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
Rfhjhu itj;jpa
mjpfhhpAk; / Rw;whly; cj;jpNahfj;jUk;.
tpz;zg;gk;
mDkjpf;fhfr;
rkh;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
njhopy;El;g
kjpg;gPl;Lf;FO / Rw;whly; FO
njhopy;El;g
kjpg;gPl;Lf;FO / Rw;whly; FOtpd; mDkjpiaj;
njhlh;e;J Rw;whly;
ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;
gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
efurigj; jiytu;
Rw;whly; ghJfhg;G mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;;;;;;;
49
8. mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; kPz;Lk; epuhfhpf;fg;gl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
Nkd;KiwaPL
tpz;zg;gjhupahy;
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ
epuhfhpg;G mwptpj;jy;
fpilj;J 30
ehl;fSf;Fs;
Rw;whly; mikr;rpd;
nrayhsh;
Fwpg;G: jPu;khdj;jpw;F vjpuhf Nkd;KiwaPL nra;tJ 1980 Mk; Mz;bd; 47 k; ,yf;f
Rw;whly; rl;lj;jpd; 23 gFjp (E) apd; fPo; rhj;jpakhf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. Rw;whly;
mikr;rpd; nrayhshpd; jPu;khdk; ,WjpahdJ.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
50
efurigf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd re;ij tpw;gidf; $lq;fis
Fj;jiff;F tply;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 52
1. mwpKfk;. ......................................................................................................................... 53
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 53
3. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 53
4. nrad;Kiw xOq;F ...................................................................................................... 53
5. thlifg;gzk; nrYj;jg;glhj tplj;J ....................................................................... 54
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
52
efu rigf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd re;ij tpw;gidf; $lq;fis Fj;jiff;F tply; -
NkNyhl;lk;
efurig jiytuhy; th;j;jkhdpapd; 4k; gpuptpy; mwptpj;jy;
ntspaplg;gLfpwJ
fl;lzk; fhrhshplk; nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ kPsspf;fg;gLk; xU itg;G
fhrhshplk; nfhLg;gdT nra;ag;gLfpwJ
Nfs;tpg;gj;jpu Mtzq;fis nrayhshplk; ,Ue;J ngWf
Nfs;tpg;gj;jpu Mtzk; G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ
Nfs;tpg;gj;jpug; ngl;bapy; efu
rig mYtyfj;jpy; itj;Jg;
Ngzg;gLfpwJ.
nfhLg;gdT gw;W rPl;Lld;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l mYtyUf;F
gjpTj; jghypy; mDg;gg;gLfpwJ
Mff; $ba gzj; njhifia
nrYj;Jfpd;w tpz;zg;gjhupf;F
Fj;jiff;F toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
%d;W jtizf; nfhLg;gdTfSf;Fr;
rkkhd ghJfhg;G itg;Gj; njhif
efu rig jiytUld; xg;ge;jk;
ifr;rhj;jplg;gLfpwJ
tu;j;j mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpw;gidf; $lq;fs;
nghWg;Ngw;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
efu rigf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd re;ij tpw;gidf; $lq;fis Fj;jiff;Ftply;
53
efu rigf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd re;ij tpw;gidf; $lq;fis
Fj;jiff;Ftply;
1. KfTiu
nghJkf;fSf;F xU Nritahf fl;blq;fisf; fl;Ltjw;Fk; Fj;jiff;F tpLtjw;Fk;
efu rigf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
• efurigr; rl;lj;jpd; cila 136 tJ gFjp
• 1953.11.06 md; 10609 ,yf;f tu;j;jkhdpapy; ntspaplg;gl;l gpukhzr; rl;lq;fspd;
fPo; cUthf;fg;gl;l (mj;jpahak; - 261) Jizr;rl;lq;fs; (gFjp xvi) • dt<Tvim<sq!njls<svqe<!nxqUXk<kzqe<!gQp<!2:91/23/42!ne<X!dt<Tvim<sq!
Nj{bitviz<!outqbqmh<hm<m!2:91/57!-zg<g!Sx<X!fqVhl</
3. fl;lzq;fs;
• re;ij tpw;gidf; $lq;fs; efu rigahy; epu;zapf;fg;gLfpd;w xU
nfhLg;gdTf;F Nfs;tpg;gj;jpuk; %yk; Fj;jiff;F tplg;gLk;.
• 3 khj thliff;Fr; rkkhd gzj; njhifia tpz;zg;gjhupfs; xU ghJfhg;G
itg;Gj;njhifahfr; nrYj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
• Nfs;tpg;gj;jpuf; fl;lzk; efu rigahy; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ. (efu
rigfspilNa NtWglf; $Lk;)
4. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
efurigj; jiytuhy;
th;j;jkhdpapd; vi k; gFjpapy; xU mwptpj;jy;
ntspaplg;gLfpwJ
cs;Suhl;rp mikr;rhpd;
mwpTWj;jypd; Nghpy;
Nfs;tpg;gj;jpu Mtzq;fs;
efurigahy;
epu;zapf;fg;gLk; xU
fl;lzk; nrYj;jp
ngwg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
xU nfhLg;gdTf;
fl;lzKk; kPsspf;fg;gLk;
itg;Gj; njhifAk;
nfhLg;gdTf; fl;lzk;
kPsspf;fg;gLk; itg;Gj;
njhif vd;gdtw;wpw;fhd
gw;Wr;rPl;L ngwg;gLfpwJ.
fhrhsu;
fl;lzk; nrYj;jpaij
cWjpg;gLj;Jk; gw;Wr;
rPl;Lld; Nfs;tpg;gj;jpu
tpz;zg;gq;fs; G+h;j;jp
nra;ag;gl;L Nfs;tpg;
gj;jpug;ngl;bapy; ,lg;gly;
Ntz;Lk; my;yJ gjpTj;
jghy; %yk; mDg;gg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
54
Mff; $ba gzj;
njhifiar; nrYj;jf;
$ba gzj;njhifia
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s
tpz;zg;gjhup re;ij
tpw;gidf; $lq;fis
Fj;jiff;F ngWk;
re;ju;g;gj;ijg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;thu;
Nfs;tpg;gj;jpur; rig
ntw;wpfukhd
tpz;zg;gjhhpfs; xU
ghJfhg;G itg;Gj; njhif
nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuijg; ngw;w
gpd;du; tpw;gidf; $lq;fs;
nghWg;Ngw;fg;gl;L th;j;jf
eltbf;if Muk;gpf;fg;gl
KbAk;.
5. thlifg; gzk; nrYj;jg;glhjNghJ
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
xU ,Wjp mwptpj;jy;
mDg;gg;gLk;
efu rigahy;
epu;zapf;fg;gLk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;glhtpl;lhy;
tpw;gidf; $lk;
%lg;gl;L rPy;
itf;fg;glKbAk;
efurigapd; tUkhd
thpg;ghpNrhjfu;
tu;j;jf $lj;jpw;F
kPsTk; Nfs;tpg;gj;jpuk;
NfhUjy; eilngwf;
$Lk;
Fwpg;G:
• Fj;jiff;fhuhpd; Ntz;LNfhspd; Nghpy; my;yJ mtuJ kuzj;jpd; NghJ
Fj;jiff;fhuuJ kidtp fztd; my;yJ kfd; kfs; MfpNahUs; xUthpd;
Nghpy; khw;wg;gl KbAk;.
• ,t;thwhd xU ngau; khw;wk; Njitg;gLfpd;w NghJ mJ gw;wp efu rig
jiytUf;F xU tpz;zg;gk; rkh;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
nghJ kf;fspd; ghu;itf;fhf itf;fg;gLfpd;w
tpsk;guq;fSf;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 56
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 57
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 57
3. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 57
4. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 58
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 58
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
56
tpsk;gug; gyiffSf;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg; ngWf
tpsk;guk; itf;fg;gLtjw;F 7 ehl;fSf;F Kd;du; tUkhdtupg;
gupNrhjfu; tUkhdtup Nkw;ghu;itahsuplk; ifaspf;Ff.
tpsk;guf; fl;lzk; gw;wpa tUkhd thpg; ghpNrhjfh;
tUkhd tup Nkw;ghu;itahpd;; mwpf;if
efu rig jiytuhy; mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l
tpz;zg;gf;fl;lzk;
efu rig jiytu; tpz;zg;gj;jpw;F
mDkjp toq;Ffpd;whu;
fl;lzf; nfhLg;gzT nrYj;jg;gl;l
gpd;du; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ
nghJ kf;fspd; ghu;itf;fhf itf;fg;gLfpd;w tpsk;guq;fSf;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
57
nghJkf;fspd; ghu;itf;fhf itf;fg;gLfpd;w tpsk;guj;jpw;fhd
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
1. KfTiu
xU efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs; kf;fspd; ghu;itf;fhf xU
jpwe;j ntspapy; itf;fg;gLfpd;w ve;j tpsk;guj;jpw;Fk; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; ngWtJ
mtrpakhFk;. tpsk;guk; gpd;tUkhW tiutpyf;fzg;gLj;jKbAk;.
• VjhtJ nrhy;
• vOj;J
• ,yf;fk;
• milahsk;
• ,lk;
• gyif
• mwptpj;jy;
• cgfuzk;
• Rtnuhl;b
• Jz;Lg; gpuRuk;
tpsk;gu Nehf;fpw;fhf KOikahf my;yJ gFjpahfNth VjhtJ fhzpapy;
my;yJ fl;blj;jpy; my;yJ xU fl;likg;gpy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gly; .
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
efu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; 157 (6) gFjpapd; 7(h*!Kj{h<hGkqbqe<!gQp<!-bx<xh<hm<m!Kj{s<sm<mr<gt<!)nk<kqbibl<!366*!!
3. fl;lzk;
tpsk;guj;jpd; jd;ikiag; nghWj;J efurigj; jiytuhy; mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l
mDkjpg;gj;jpuf;fl;lzk; mwtplg;gLfpwJ.
Fwpg;G: gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy; mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpw;F fl;lzj;jpy; ,Ue;J tpjptpyf;F
mspf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
• jUk Nehf;fq;fSf;fhd xU fspahl;lj;jpw;fhd tpsk;gukhf ,Ue;jhy;
• nghJ muq;fhl;lk; eilngWfpd;w ,lj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;s tpsk;guq;fs;
• xU kj epWtdj;jpw;Fhpa ,lj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;s th;j;j Nehf;fpy; my;yhj
tpsk;guq;fs;
• murpdhy; itf;fg;gLk; tpsg;guk;.
• ve;jf; fl;blj;jpdJk; xU ad;dypy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;s tpsk;guq;fs;
• xU fl;blj;jpd; vy;iyapDs; tpw;gidf;F Fj;jiff;F/ thliff;F
vd;gijf;Fwpg;gpLk tpsk;guq;fs;
• tPl;Lg; ngau; gyiffs;
• njhopyhz;ikahsu;fspdhy; cgNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;w mstpy; xU rJu mbf;F
$lhj ngau;g;gyiffs;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
58
4. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
xU Fiwe;j msTj;jpl;lj;jpy; tiuag;gl;l tpsk;guj;jpd; cila xU gpujp
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzkpd;wp
efurigaplk; ,Ue;J
xU tpz;zg;g
gbtj;ijg; ngWf
my;yJ efurigapd;
nrayhsUf;F
Kftupapl;L vOj;J
%yk; tpz;zg;gpf;Ff.
tpsk;guk;
itf;fg;gLtjw;F 7
ehl;;fSf;j Kd;
gpujhd tUkhdtup
vOJtpidQu;
mDkjpg; gj;jpuf;
fl;lzj;ij
jPu;khdpg;gjw;F xU
mwpf;if ngwg;gLfpwJ
tUkhdthp ghpNrhjfu; / tUkhdtup
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
tpz;zg;gj;jpd; cila
mDkjpAk;
mDkjpgj;jpuf;
fl;lzKk;
efurigj; jiytu; / nrayhsu;
nfhLg;gdTf;fl;lzKk;
gw;Wr;rPl;L tpepNahfKk;
fhrhsh;
gw;Wr;rPl;L
rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l gpd;du;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
gpujhd tUkhdtup
,ypfpju;
Fwpg;G: tpsk;gu gyiffspd; ,lj;ij epu;zapg;gjpy;> mikg;gjpy;> NgZtjpy; gpd;tUk;
tplaq;fs; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;glNtz;Lk;.
• vy;yh tpsk;gug; gyiffSk; mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpd; ,yf;fj;ijAk; mDkjpg;
gj;jpuk; tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;l jpfjpiaAk; jhq;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;
• mDkjpg;gj;jpujhupapd; ngaUk; tpyhrKk; tpsk;guj;jpy; njspthf
Fwpg;gplg;glNtz;Lk;
• gjhijfisg; nghWj;jtiuapy; efu rigapd; cila mjpfhuk; mspf;fg;gl;l
cj;jpNahfj;juJ gjtpKj;jpiu mitfspy; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;
• ghJfhg;ig cWj;jpg;gLj;Jhpa tifapy; tpsk;guk; Ngzg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
• tpsk;gukhdJ rhujpfspd; ftdj;ijj; jpir jpUg;ghj xU ,lj;jpy;
mikf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk;:- gjhijfs; ghijf;Ff; FWf;fhf fhl;rpf;F
itf;fg;glf; $lhJ
• efu rigj; jiytu;/ nrayhsuhy; mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;l msTj;jpl;lj;jpd; gbNa
,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. mj;Jld; mJ fz;fSf;F ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;Jtjhf ,Uf;ff;
$lhJ.
thfdq;fs; jhpj;jy;;;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 60
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 61
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;. .................................................................................................................. 61
3. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 61
4. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 61
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
60
thfdq;fs; jhpj;jy; - NkNyhl;lk;
Fwpg;gpl;l tPjpfs;> tPjpfspd; gFjpfs; my;yJ
Fwpg;gpl;lgpuNjrk; thfdj; jhpg;G ,lkhf
kf;fshy; cgNahfpf;fg;glKbAk; vd;w efu
rigapd; cila gpufldk;
,e;j thfdj;jhpg;G ,lq;fis cgNahfpf;Fk;
rhujpfsplk; ,Ue;J fl;lzq;fis mwtpl xU
mYtyu; mDg;gg;gLfpwhh;
fl;lzk; ngwg;gl;lgpd;du; xU gw;Wr; rPl;L
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk;
thfdq;fs; jhpj;jy;;;
61
thfdq;fs; jhpj;jy;;
1. KfTiu
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l vy;iyapYs;s thfdq;fspd; jupg;Gf;F me;j efu
rigNa nghWg;ghFk;.
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;
efu rigr; rl;lk; 157 ,d; cila cg gFjp 14(a) .!!
3. fl;lzq;fs;
efu rigahdJ jdJ cj;jpNahfj;jh;fspd; Clhf fl;lzj;ijr; Nrfhpf;f $Lk;.
mwtplg;glNtz;ba fl;lzk; efu rigahy; jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
4. tpz;zg;gr; nrad; Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
efu rig tPjpfs;>
tPjpapd; cila gFjpfs;
my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l rpy
gFjpfs; thfdj;
jhpg;gplq;fshf kf;fshy;
cgNahfpf;fg;gl KbAk;
gpufldg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
xU jPh;khdj;jpd; Clhf
efu rig
efu rigahy;
thfdj;jhpg;gplj;jpw;F vd
gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;l
tPjpfs; ,lq;fSf;F xU
fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ
xU jPu;khdj;jpd; Clhf
efurig
fl;lzj;ij mwtpl;l
gpd;du; xU gw;Wr; rPl;L
toq;fg;gLk;
efu rigahy;
epakpf;fg;gl;l
cj;jpNahfj;ju;
Fwpg;G:
• xU jdpegu; efurigf;F tpz;zg;gpg;gjd; %yk; xU khj fhyj;jpw;F thfdj;
jhpg;gplj;ijf; NfhuKbAk;.
• efu rig jdpg;gl;lth;fSf;F thfdj; jhpg;gplf; fl;lzq;fis mwtpLfpd;w
chpikia toq;fyhk;. mt;thwhd re;jh;g;gq;fspy; efu rigapy; epu;zapf;fg;gl;l
fl;lzk; mwtplg;gl Ntz;b ,Uf;fpwJ.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
62
fhzp cl;gpupthf;FjYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 64
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 65
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;. ................................................................................................................ 65
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 65
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 65
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 65
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 65
7. Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuhy; tpz;zg;gk; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;glhtpl;lhy; ........................ 66
8. fhzp cl;gphpthf;fYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpu tpz;zg;gk;
epuhfhpf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ ............................................................................................. 67
9. xU mDkjpg;gj;jpukpd;wp fhzpia cl;gphpthf;fypdhy; Vw;gLk; rl;l gpd;
tpisTfs;. ..................................................................................................................... 67
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
64
fhzp cl;gphpthf;fYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
xU mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngWf
nrayhsUf;F G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gj;ij rku;g;gpf;Ff
fhrhsUf;F xOq;F nrad;Kiwg;gLj;Jk;
fl;lzk;
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfUila
fsNkw;ghu;it
gupe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ
jpl;lkply; FO
efu rigj; jiytuhy;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ
ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gltpy;iy
tpz;zg;gjhup
FiwghLfis jpUj;jp
efu rigf;F
mwptpf;fpwhu;
njhopEl;g mYtyu; kPs;
Nkw;ghu;it nra;fpwhh;
tpz;zg;gjhupf;F
FiwghLfs;
mwptpf;fg;gLfpwJ
fhzp cl;gpupthf;FjYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
65
fhzp cl;gpupthf;fYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
1. KfTiu
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s vy;yh fhzp cl;gphpthf;fy;
mgptpUj;jpr; nraw;ghLfs; Kjypy; efu rigapy; gjpT nra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
efug;gpuNjrq;fspy; fhzp mgptpUj;jp eltbf;iffis rPuhf;Fk; Nehf;FlNdNa
,e;eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;
• 1978 Mz;bd; 41tJ ,yf;f efu mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; gFjp 8A apd; cila gphpT 11A
• 10.03.1986 392/9 ,yf;f th;j;jkhdpapd; gb mikr;ruhy; mDkjpf;fg;gl;l efu
mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rig xOq;F tpjpfs;
3. jifik
• efu rigg; gpuNjrj;jpy; mike;Js;s cl;gphpthf gpupf;ff;$ba my;yJ
mgptpUj;jp nra;af; $ba xU fhzpapd; chpikahsh;
• chpikahsh; xU gjpT nra;j capiy itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• &gh250 fl;lzj;jpw;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; (efu rigfspilNa fl;lzk;
NtWglf; $Lk;)
• tplaj;jpw;F 50 &gh vd;w mbg;gilapyhd xOq;F nraw;gLj;Jk; fl;lzk;
Mff; Fiwe;jJ 100 &gh
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
• 1:4000 vd;w msTj; jpl;lj;jpy; tiuag;gl;l fhzpapd; cila tiuglj;jpd;
%d;W gpujpfs;
o fhzpapy; cs;s fl;blk; (VjhtJ ,Ue;jhy;)
o kjpg;gPl;L ,yf;fk;
o jpiriag; nghWj;jtiuapy; fhzpapd; cila miktplj;ijf; fhl;Lk;
milahsk;
o fhzpf;Fhpa ghij
o mq;Fs;s tbfhyikg;G
o fhzpapd; cila ntspj;Njhw;wk;
o kpd;rhu tah;fSila miktplk;
o kuq;fs; VjhtJ tifahd gapHr;nra;if
• 1:1000 vd;w msTj;jpl;lj;jpy; tiuag;gl;l fhzpapd; cila cl;gphpTfisf;
fhl;Lfpd;w %d;W fhzpapd; msitahsh; tiuglq;fs;.
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
250 &gh fl;lzk;
nrYj;jp xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
ngwg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
efurigapd; Ntiyfs;
vOJtpidQu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
66
(fl;lzj;njhif efu
rigfspilNa NtWglf;
$Lk;)
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; xU
mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l
fl;bl tiugl
tpahyhsuhYk;
tpz;zg;gjhhpahYk;
cWjpg;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lk;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
Njitahd
Mtzq;fSld;
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
efurigr; nrayhsu;
tpz;zg;gk; ghprPyid
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gk; Njitg;gLk;
gpukhzq;fisg; G+h;j;jp
nra;jpUe;jhy;
tpz;zg;gjhup
nfhLg;gdit
nrYj;JkhW
Nfl;fg;gLthu;(xOq;F
nraw;gLj;Jk; fl;lzk;)
fhrhsu;
,jw;fhd gw;Wr;rPl;L
tpz;zg;gj;ijg; ngw;Wf;
nfhz;lij
cWjpg;gLj;Jk;
Mtzkhff; $lf;
fUjg;gLk;
xU fs Nkw;ghu;itiar;
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
mwpf;iffs;
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gk; mDkjpf;fhf
rku;g;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
jpl;lkply; FO
tpz;zg;gk;
mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;lhy;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
efurigj; jiytu;
7. Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuhy; tpz;zg;gk; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;glhtpl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gj;jpy; cs;s
FiwghLfSk; mtw;iw
epth;j;jp nra;a
vLf;fg;gl Ntz;ba
eltbf;iffSk; vd;d
vd;gJgw;wpAk;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F xU
mwptpj;jy;
mDg;ggLfpd;wJ
efurigj; jiytu;
FiwghLfis epth;j;jp
nra;jjd; gpd;du;
tpz;zg;gjhhp
efurigj; jiytu;
fhzp cl;gpupthf;FjYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
67
efurigf;F mwptpf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
fskPs;Nkw;ghu;it
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;Jf;F
mDkjp toq;fg;gl;lhy;
4vii /viii ,y; cs;s
mNj xOq;F
gpd;gw;wg;gLfpd;wJ.
efurigapd; jiytu;
8. fhzp cl;gphpthf;fYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd tpz;zg;gk; epuhfhpf;fg;gl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
vOj;J %yk;
Nkd;KiwaPL nra;ag;gl
KbAk;
cs;@uhl;rp
mikr;rUf;F
9. xU fhzpia mDkjpg;gj;jpukpd;wp cl;gpupTf;Fl;gLj;Jtjdhy; Vw;glf; $ba rl;l
gpd; tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fhzpapy; eilngWfpd;w
ve;jnthU nraw;ghLk;
mq;fPfupf;fg;glkhl;lhJ
efurig
xU mDkjpg; gj;jpukpd;wp
fhzp cl;gpupthf;fy;
mgptpUj;jp
eltbf;ifapy; <LgLk;
egUf;F vjpuhf khtl;l
ePjp kd;wj;jpy; tof;Fj;
jhf;fy; nra;ag;gl;L
Fw;wthsp 2
tUlq;fSf;F Nkw;glhj
rpiwj; jz;lidiaAk;
my;yJ 5000 &gh
mguhjk; tpjpf;fg;gLthu;.
khtl;l ePjpkd;wk;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
68
nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
fspahl;lq;fs; rhfr epfo;r;rpfs; ,ir epfo;r;rpfs; khah[hy tpj;ijf; fhl;rpfs;
tpisahl;Lfs; eldk; Fj;Jr;rz;il ePr;ry; Nghd;w epfo;r;rpfSf;fhd
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 70
1. mwpKfk; .......................................................................................................................... 71
2. rl;lmjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................... 71
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 71
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 71
5. nray;Kiw ..................................................................................................................... 71
6. nghJ kf;fsplk; ,Ue;J VjhtJ Ml;Nrgid ,Ug;gpd; ........................................ 72
jpiug;glq;fs; my;yJ tPjp ehlfq;fs; Nghd;w fhl;rpfSf;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
NkNyhl;lk;;;;; ............................................................................................................................ 73
1. mwpKfk; .......................................................................................................................... 75
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 75
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 75
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 75
5. nrad;Kiw (nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij GJg;gpg;gjw;F
tpz;zg;gpf;Fk; NghJ) .................................................................................................. 75
6. Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhup my;yJ gpujk jPaizg;G mjpfhhp
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij toq;f gupe;Jiuf;fhtpl;lhy; .................................................... 76
7. xU Gjpa nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;Jf;F tpz;zg;gpf;Fk; NghJ .......... 76
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
70
nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
,ytrkhf xU tpz;zg;gg;
gbtj;ijg; ngWf
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ij
ifaspf;Ff
,t;thwhd muq;fhl;lk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l jpfjpapy;
eilngWk; vd kf;fSf;F
• nra;jpg;gj;jpupiffs; Clhf
• muq;fhl;lj;jpw;F njhpT nra;j ,lj;jpw;F
mUfpy; mwptpj;jy; %yk;
mwptpf;fg;gLk;
efurigapd; jiytu; / nrayhsu; cldhd Neu;Kfk;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; 90
ehl;fSf;F my;yJ fl;lzk;
nrYj;jg;gl;l xU Fwpg;gpl;l
fhyg;gFjpf;F nry;YgbahFk;
nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
71
nghJ muq;fhl;lj;jpw;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
fspahl;l epfo;r;rpfs; rhfrq;fs; ,ir epfo;r;rpfs; khah [hy tpj;ijr;
fhl;rpfs; tpisahl;L epfo;Tfs; ehl;ba epfo;r;rpfs; Fj;Jr; rz;il ePr;ry;
epfo;Tfs; Nghd;wtw;wpw;fhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
1. mwpKfk;
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs; jpiug;glq;fs; Nkil ehlfq;fs;
vd;gdtw;Ws; mlq;fhj ve;j muq;fhl;lj;jpw;Fk; xU nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
mtrpakhFk;
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
• 1912 Mk; Mz;L 7 ,yf;f nghJ muq;fhl;l rl;lk;
3. jifik
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; eilngWk; NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s
nghJ muq;fhl;lq;fs;
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• efu rigapy; ,Ue;J ,ytrkhf tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl KbAk;
• nfhLg;gditj; njhlh;e;J mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ efu rigapd;
jPu;khdj;jpw;Nfw;g fhyj;jpw;Ff; fhyk; fl;lzk; NtWgLk;
5. nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzk; nrYj;jp xU
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg;
ngWf
efurig nrayhsu;
G+uzg;gLj;jg;gl;l gbtk;
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigapd; jiytu;
my;yJ mtuJ mYtyu;
nghJ muq;fhl;lk; xU
Fwpg;gpl;l jpfjpapy;
eilngWk; vd nghJ
kf;fs;
• nra;jpg; gj;jpupiffs;
Clhf
• nghJ
muq;fhl;lj;jpw;F
njhpT nra;j
,lj;jpw;F
mz;ikapy;
xl;lg;gLk; mwptpj;jy;
ClhfTk;
mwptpf;fg;gLthh;fs;
Njitg;gbd; xU
Neu;Kfg;ghPl;ir
tpz;zg;gjhhpAld;
elj;jg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
72
90 ehl;fSf;F my;yJ
xU Fwpg;gpl;l fhyg;
gFjpf;Fr; nry;Ygbahff;
$ba mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
Fwpg;G: nghJ muq;fhl;lr; rl;lj;jpd; 2k; gFjpapy; fspahl;lq;fs; vd;w
tiutpyf;fzj;jpw;Fs; mlq;Ffpd;w nghOJNghf;F epfo;r;rpfSf;F nghyprhupd;
mDkjp Njitg;gLfpwJ
6. nghJ kf;fsplk; ,Ue;J VjhtJ Ml;Nrgid ,Ug;gpd;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
Ml;Nrgidgw;wpa xU
jPu;khdk;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;
efurig jiytu;
nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
73
jpiug;glq;fs; tPjp ehlfq;fis fhz;gpg;gjw;fhd xU Gjpa mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij
ngWtJ - NkNyhl;lk;
,ytrkhf xU tpz;zg;g
gbtj;ijg; ngWf
efurig nrayhsuplk;
rkh;g;gpf;Ff
tpz;zg;gj;jpd; cila gpujpfs;
Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhupf;Fk;
jPaizg;Gg; gpuptpd; gpujk
mjpfhupf;Fk; Kd;itf;fg;gLfpd;wd
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuhy; fl;blk;
Nkw;ghu;itaplg;gLfpd;wJ.
Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhup jPaizg;G gpujk mjpfhup
MfpNahupd; mwpf;iffs; ngwg;gLfpd;wd.
xU fl;lzj;jpw;F efu rigj; jiytuhy;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
74
jpiuglq;fs; tPjp ehlq;fs; fhz;gpj;jypd; mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij GJg;gpg;gjw;fhd
NkNyhl;lk;
,ytrkhf xU tpz;zg;g
gbtj;ijg; ngWf
osbzitvqml<!slv<h<hqg<Gg!
juk<kqb!nkqgivq?!kQbj{h<H!
nkqgivq?!uVlieuvqh<!hvqOsikgv<!
NgqObivK!nxqg<jggt<!
fgvsjhk<!kjzuviz<!yV!
gm<m{k<kqx<G!nElkqh<hk<kqvl<!
upr<gh<hMgqe<xK!
nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
75
jpiug;glq;fs; my;yJ Nkil ehlfq;fs; fhz;gpj;jy;
1. mwpKfk;
xU jpiug;glf; fhl;rp my;yJ NtW VjhtJ fhl;rp my;yJ xU Nkil ehlfk;
fhz;gpf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ xU Gnuh[f;lhpd; my;yJ mij xj;j njhopy; El;g
cgfuzj;jpd; cjtpAld; me;jf; fhl;rp fhz;gpf;fg;gl;lhy; mt;thwhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy;
nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; ngwg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
• 1912 k; Mz;bd; 7k; ,yf;f nghJ muq;fhl;lr; rl;lk;
3. jifik
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s rpdpkh kz;lgk; my;yJ
jpNal;lhpd; chpikahsuhf ,Uj;jy;.
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• efurigj; jiytu; / nrayhsuplk; ,Ue;J vJtpj fl;lzKk; mw;w
tpz;zg;gj;ijg; ngwKbAk;
• mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij toq;Ftjw;F fl;lzk; mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ. nrhj;jpd;
cila tUlhe;jg; ngWkjpiag; nghWj;Nj mDkjpg;gj;jpuf; fl;lzk;
mikAk;
5. nrad;Kiw (xU nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij GJg;gpf;f
tpz;zg;gpf;fpwNghJ)
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg;
ngWf
efurig
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
ifaspf;fg;gl ,Uf;fpwJ
efurigj; jiyuthy;
my;yJ mtuhy;
epakpf;fg;gl;l mYtyu;
mwpf;iffs;
ngwg;gLfpd;wd
khtl;l Rfhjhu mjpfhup / jPaizg;Gg;gpuptpd; gpujk
mjpfhup / tUkhdtup ghpNrhjfh;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ. mDkjpg;
gj;jpuf; fl;lzk; nrhj;jpd;
tUlhe;j kjpg;gPl;ilg;
nghWj;J mikAk;.
efurig jiytu;
Fwpg;G:
gpd;tUk; mwpf;iffs; Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhup> jPaizg;G gpuptpd; gpujk mjpfhup>
tUkhdtup ghpNrhjfu; MfpNahhplkpUe;J ngwg;gLk;
• njhpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;s kz;lgk; tpjpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;w Rfhjhu MNuhf;fpa
juq;fis nfhz;ljh vd;gJ gw;wpa Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhupaplkpUe;jhd
mwpf;if
• jPapdhy; Vw;glf; $ba mopTfis fl;Lg;gLj;jf;$ba trjpfis kz;lgk;
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wjh vd;w jPaizg;G gpujk mjpfhupapd; mwpf;if
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
76
• kz;lg Mrd xOq;Ffs; Mrd vz;zpf;if gw;wpa tUkhdthpg;
ghpNrhjfhpd; mwpf;if
6. mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij toq;Ftjw;F Rfhjhu itj;jpa mjpfhupAk; my;yJ jPaizg;G
gpupT gpujk mjpfhup ghpe;Jiuf;fhtpl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
FiwghLfs; gw;wp
mwptpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ
efurig jiytu;
FiwghLfs; epth;j;jp
nra;ag;gLk; NghJ
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
efurig jiytu;
7. xU Gjpa nghJ muq;fhl;l mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;jpw;F tpz;zg;gpf;fpd;w NghJ
• fl;lzq;fs;
tpz;zg;ggbtk; vJtpj fl;lzKkpd;wp efu rigaplk; ,Ue;J ngw;Wf;
nfhs;sKbAk;.
• Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
Gjpjhf epu;khzpf;fg;gl;l rpdpkh kz;lgk; my;yJ jpiu muq;F nghJ
muq;fhl;lr; rl;l tpjpfSf;F mika epu;khzpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gij
cWjpgLj;Jk; fl;bl mDkjpg; gj;jpuj;ijAk; ,zf;fr; rhd;wpjioAk;
nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk; (fl;blq;fs; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; gFjpiag; ghh;f;fTk;)
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ijg;
ngWf
efurigr; nrayhsH
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
ifaspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;
efurigr; nrayhsH
my;yJ mtuJ gpujpepjp
fl;bl Nkw;ghu;it
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
mwpf;iffs;
ngwg;gLfpd;wd
Rfhjhu itj;jpa
mjpfhup jPaizg;G gpujk
mjpfhup tUkhdthp
ghpNrhjfu;
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
ngwg;gLfpd;wJ
efu rig jiytu;
fhzp fl;blq;fspd; chpikahsu;fspd; gjpit khw;Wjy;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 78
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 79
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 79
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 79 4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 79
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 79
6. nrad;Kiw ..................................................................................................................... 79 7. chpikahsuhy; toq;fg;gl;l jfty;fs; gjptpy; cs;s jfty;fSld;
nghUe;jhtpl;lhy; ........................................................................................................... 80
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
78
fhzp fl;bl chpikahsh;fspd; gjpit khw;Wjy; - NkNyhl;lk;
xU V.hp.b tpz;zg;gj;ij 50 &gh
nrYj;jpg; ngWf
Njitahd Mtzq;fSld;
G+u;j;jpnra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gg;gbtj;ij
rkh;g;gpf;Ff
tpz;zg;gk; fpilf;fg; ngw;wij
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F mwptpj;jy;
kjpg;gPl;L gjpNtL rhpghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ
kjpg;gPl;L cj;jpNahfj;jh;> tUkhdthpg;
ghpNrhjfUila fsNkw;ghu;it
efu rig jiytu;> gjpNtl;bd;
jpUj;jj;ij mDkjpf;fpwhh;
kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjpNtL jpUj;jg;gLfpwJ
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F mwptpf;fg;gLfpwJ
fhzp fl;blq;fspd; chpikahsu;fspd; gjpit khw;Wjy;
79
fhzp fl;blq;fspDila chpikahsu;fspd; gjpit khw;Wjy;
1. KfTiu
xU Fwpg;gpl;l efurigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpw;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; vy;yh
fhzpfSk; fl;blq;fSk; me;j efurigapy; gjpT nra;ag;gLtJ kpff; fl;lhakhFk;.
,f;fhzpfs; fl;blq;fSld; njhlu;Ggl;l vy;yh nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fSk; efu
rigapy; gjpT nra;ag;gLtJk; fl;lhakhFk;. ,t;thwhf gjpT nra;tJ gpd;tUk;
fhuzq;fSf;fhf kpf Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.
01. efu rig kjpg;gPl;L tupia mwtpLtjw;fhf nrhj;Jf;fs; gw;wpa jfty;fis
jpul;Lfpd;wJ.
02. fhzp cl;gpupthf;fYf;Fk; mgptpUj;jpf;Fkhd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; gjpT
nra;ag;glhj re;ju;g;gj;jpy; toq;fg;glkhl;lhJ.
03. gjpT nra;ag;glhtpbd; fl;bl mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; toq;fg;glkhl;lhJ.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
efu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; (255 mj;jpahak;) 167> 168k; gpupTfs;.
3. jifik
efurigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s nrhj;jpd; chpikahsuhf
,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.
4. fl;lzq;fs;
V.hp.B (%yhjhu capypd; RUf;fk;) &gh 50 fl;lzk; nrYj;jp ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl
KbAk; (,J efurigfspilNa NtWglf; $Lk;)
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
• mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l nehj;jhhprpdhy; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;l fhzpapd; my;yJ
fl;blj;jpd; cila %yhjhu capy; RUf;fk;.
• fhzp my;yJ fl;blj;jpd; cila kjpg;gPl;L ,yf;fk; ngWkjp kw;Wk; Vida
jfty;fs;.
• Fwpg;gpl;l fhzp my;yJ fl;blj;jpd; cila vy;iyfSk; mitfs; vt;thW
Fwpj;Jf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gJ gw;wpAk;.
• epyk; my;yJ fl;blj;jpd; chpikahsuJ KOg;ngaUk; tpyhrKk;.
• fhzp my;yJ fl;blk; $l;L chpikahsu;fSilanjdpd; $l;L
chpikahsu;fsJ ngaUk; tpyhrKk;.
• nehj;jhhpR capypdJ gpujp (gjpT nra;ag;gl;lJ)
• epy msitahsu; tiug;glj;jpdJ gpujp.
,e;j vy;yh Mtzq;fSk; efurigapd; nrayhsuplk; ifaspf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.
6. nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzk; nrYj;jpa xU
tpz;zg;ggbtj;ijg;
ngWf
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpiQu;
Njitahz
Mtzq;fSld;
tpz;zg;ggbtk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
80
ifaspf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
tpz;zg;gjhupahy;
toq;fg;gl;l jfty;fs;
rhpahdjh vd;gij mwpa
kjpg;gPl;L gjpNtL
rhpghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ
tUkhdtupg; gupNrhjfu;
fs Nkw;ghu;it
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;
kjpg;gPl;L cj;jpNahfj;ju;
tUkhdthpg; ghpNrhjfu;
kjpg;gPl;L
gjpNtl;ilj;jpUj;Jtjw;F
mDkjp
efurig jiytu;
my;yJ mtuhy;
epakpf;fg;gl;l xUtu;
kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjpNtL
jpUj;jg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytuhy;
mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQh;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
mwptpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigr; nrayhsu;
7. chpikahsuhy; toq;fg;gl;l jfty;fs; kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjpNtl;by; cs;s jfty;fSld;
nghUe;jhtpl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F mwptpj;jy;
mDg;gg;gLfpwJ
efurigr; nrayhsu;
xU jiyg;G mwpf;ifiag;
ngWkhW tpz;zg;gjhhp
mwpTWj;jg;gLthu;
nghJ nehj;jhhpR
Njitahd Mtzq;fSld;
tpz;zg;gk;
ifaspf;fg;glNtz;Lk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
tpz;zg;gjhupahy; toq;fg;gl;l
jfty;fs; rhpahdjh vd;gij
mwpa kjpg;gPl;L gjpNtL
rhpghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ
tUkhdtupg;
gupNrhjfu;
xU fs Nkw;ghu;it
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;
kjpg;gPl;L mYtyu; / tUkhdtupg;
gupNrhjfu;
kjpg;gPl;L gjpNtl;ilj;
jpUj;Jtjw;F mDkjp
efurig jiytu;
my;yJ jiytuhy;
epakpf;fg;gl;l xUtu;
kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjpNtL
jpUj;jg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytuhy;
mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l
gpujk kjpg;gPl;L
vOJtpidQh;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
mwptpf;fg;ggLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
tPjpf;Nfhl;Lr; rhd;wpjo;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 82
1. KfTiu ........................................................................................................................... 83
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 83
3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 83 4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 83
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; .............................................................................................; 83
6. gbKiw ........................................................................................................................... 83
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
82
tPjpf;Nfhl;Lr; rhd;wpjo;fs; - NkNyhl;lk;
xU efu rigapy; ,Ue;J fl;lzj;jpw;F
ngwg;gl;l tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gk; Ntiyfs;
vOJtpidQUf;F rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efu rig fl;bl tiuQUf;F
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ
fl;bl tiuQupd; tiuglg;gb
tPjpf;NfhLfis Fwpj;J fhl;Ljy;
efurigj; jiytu; tPjpf;Nfhl;Lr;
rhd;wpjio toq;Ffpwhu;
tPjpf;Nfhl;Lr; rhd;wpjo;
83
tPjpf;Nfhl;Lr; rhd;wpjo;fs;
1. KfTiu
xU epjpepWtdj;jplk; ,Ue;J efu rig mlkhdk; %yk; gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s xU
epyj;ij mlF itj;J xU flidg; ngWfpd;w NghJ efu rigahy; toq;fg;gLfpd;w
tPjpg;ghij rhd;wpjo; Njitg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jr; rhd;wpjopd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd;dntdpy;
tPjpf;Fhpa ,lj;jpy; fl;blk; cs;s epiyapy; mt;thwhd epiyapy; mf;fl;blj;jpw;F
vjpuhf eltbf;if vLf;f efu rig chpj;JilaJ vd;gjhFk;.
2. rl;lmjpfhuk;
efu rigf;F tPjpg;ghijr; rhd;wpjo; toq;Ftjw;F ve;j Fwpg;gpl;l rl;l mjpfhuKk;
,y;yhj NghJk; efu rigahy; xU Nritahf tupapWg;ghsh;fSf;Fr;
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
3. jifik
• Fwpgpl;l nrhj;J efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNrj;jpy; mike;jpUf;f
Ntz;Lk;
• kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjpNtl;by; ,e;jr; nrhj;J gjpT nra;ag;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• fl;lzk; nrYj;jp tpz;zg;ggbtk; efu rigapy; ,Ue;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jf; fl;lzk; efu rigfspilNa NtWglf; $Lk;
• gpd;tUk; fl;lzq;fs; efu rig fl;bl tiuQuhy; tpz;zg;g gbtj;ij rup
gpio ghu;g;gjw;F mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ
tPjpf;NfhLfis tiug;glj;jpy; Fwpj;J fhl;Ltjw;F fl;lzk; &gh 75.
tPjpf; NfhLfis cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F fl;lzk; &gh 250.
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs;
fhzpapd; %y tiuglk; ,uz;L gpujpfSld;
6. gbKiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzj;jpw;F xU
tpz;zg;ggbtk; ngWf
efurig
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
rkh;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
Ntiyfs; ,ypfpju;
tpz;zg;gk;
ghpNrhjpf;fg;gLfpwJ
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gjhhpahy;
toq;fg;gl;l
tPjpf;NfhLfs; fhzpapd;
%y tiuglj;jpYk;
mjDila gpujpfspDk;
Fwpj;Jf;
fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd.
Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfu;
tPjpf;Nfhl;Lf; rhd;wpjo;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
84
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu thpAk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 86
1. mwpKfk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. ......................................................................................................................... 87
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 87 3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 87
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 87
5. Njitg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................. 87
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 88
7. nghJr; Rfhjhu gupNrhjfH gupe;Jiuf;fhj NghJ ................................................... 88
8. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd; tpisTfs; .................................................................. 89
9. tpahghu thpf; nfhLg;gdT rk;ge;jkhd nrad;Kiw ............................................. 91
10. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd; tpisTfs; .................................................................. 91
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
86
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuk; - NkNyhl;lk;
uqbihiv!nElkqh<hk<kqvl<!
uqfqObigqg<gh<hMgqe<xK/!
njluqml<!ohiKs<Sgikiv!
hvqOsikgviz<<!lQt!
hvqOsikqg<gh<hMgqe<xK/!!
vy;yh tpahghu epiyaq;fSf;Fk; tUkhdthp
Nkw;ghu;itahsh; ,ytrkhf
tpz;zg;ggbtq;fis tpepNahfpf;fpd;whh;
Njitahd Mtzq;fSldhd G+h;j;jp
nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
Nkw;ghu;itahsuhy; Nrfhpf;fg;gLfpwJ
jfty;fSila ngWkhdk; tUkhdthpg;
ghpNrhjfuhy; rhpghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ
nghJr; Rfhjhu gupNrhjfH> tUkhdthpg;
ghpNrhjfUila fsNkw;ghu;it
gupe;Jiu ,y;iy
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
FiwghLfis
Rl;bf;fhl;b fbjk;
Gjxh<hiMgjt!fquv<k<kq!
osb<k!!hqe<ev<!uq{<{h<hkivq!
fgv!sjhg<G!nxquqg<gqe<xiv</!!
!
gupe;Jiu
fgv!sjh!uq{<{h<hkivqg<G!
nElkqh<hk<kqv<kjk!ohx<Xg<!
ogit<Tl<hc!!
nxquqg<gqe<xK/!
'hi2111!g<Gl<!%Mkzig!
okijg!gm<m{lig!
nxuqmh<hMgqe<xK/!
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu thpAk;
87
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu thpAk;
1. mwpKfk;
xU Fwpg;gpl;l efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; tpahghu eltbf;iffspy;
<LgLfpd;w vy;yh jdpahl;fSk; efurigj; jiytuhy; toq;fg;gLfpd;w xU tpahghu
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngw Ntz;Lk; my;yJ xU thpiar; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. tpahghu
mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ij ngw Ntz;b ,Uf;fpd;w tpahghuq;fs; gpd;tUk; gue;j tiffspd;
fPo; efu rigahy; tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
• mghafukhd tpahghuq;fs;
• vjpu;g;ghd tpahghuq;fs;
• mghafukhd vjpu;g;ghd tpahghuq;fs;
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
1. efu rigr; rl;lk; 162k; 164k; gFjpfs; xU tUlhe;j tpahghu mDkjpg;
gj;jpuf; fl;lzj;ij mwtpLk; mjpfhuj;ij toq;Ffpd;wJ.
2. tu;j;jf tup rk;ge;jkhd efurigr; rl;l 165 gFjp (mj;jpahak; 255)gFjp
219y; cs;s gFjpfs; $l ,jw;Fg; nghUe;Jk;.
3. efurigr; rl;l 153 – 157 tiuahd gFjpfs; (mj;jpahak; 255)
efurigr; Jizr;rl;lq;fis cUthf;fTk; tpahghur; nraw;ghLfis
rPuhf;fTk; Nkw;ghu;it nra;aTk; xU tUlhe;j tu;j;;jf tupia
mwtplTk; mjpfhuk; toq;Ffpd;wJ.
4. mjw;Nfw;g efu rigf;F Jizr;rl;lq;fis cUthf;Ftjw;F
toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; mspf;Fk; Jizr;rl;l ,yf;fq;fs; iv, v, vi, vii 2:64/22/17/!2171:!l<!-zg<g!nvs!uv<k<klieqbqz<!hqvSvqg<gh<hm<Mt<te/
3. jifik
• tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy; efu rigapd;
mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpDs; tpz;zg;gjhup mghafukhd th;j;jfq;fis, vjpu;g;Gf;Fhpa th;j;jfq;fs;, mghafukhd vjpu;g;Gf;Fhpa th;j;jfq;fis elj;j
Ntz;Lk;. my;yJ elj;j vjpu;ghf;f Ntz;Lk;.
• efu rigahdJ mDkjpg;gj;jpuj;ijg; ngWtjw;F khw;wPlhf xU tupiar;
nrYj;j Ntz;ba tu;j;jfq;fis tiutpyf;fzg;gLj;Jk; ,e;j th;j;jfq;fs;
th;j;jkhdpapd; iv l< gFjpapy; ntspaplg;gLk;.
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• tpahghu mDkjpf; fl;lzk; &gh 1000 w;Fk; mjpfupf;fhj njhif
(tpahghuj;jpd; tUlhe;j ngWkjpiag; nghWj;J) mwtplg;gLfpwJ.
• efu rigahy; tupnrYj;Jk; tpahghukhf tiutpyf;fzg;gLj;jg;gl;l
tpahghuq;fSf;F &gh 3000 ,w;Fk; mjpfupf;fhj njhif mwtplg;gLk;.
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
1980 Njrpa Rw;whly; rl;lj;jpd; 47 gFjpapd; fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l tpahghuj;jpw;fhd xU
Rw;whly; mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;.
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
88
6. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
efu rigapd; gFjpf;Fs;
midj;J tpahghu
,lq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W
,ytrkhf tpz;zg;ggbtj;ij
tpepNahfpj;jy;
tUkhd tup
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;g
gbtq;fisr; Nrfhpj;jy;
tUkhd tup
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
mtrpakhdapd; tpz;zg;gk;
Kd;nkhopag;gLfpd;wJ.
nghJr;Rfhjhu
gupNrhjfu;
tpahghuk; Rfhjhu
rl;lq;fisAk; xOq;F
tpjpfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sjh
vd;gijf; mwpa
fsNkw;ghu;it
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ.
nghJr; Rfhjhug;
ghpNrhjfh; / tUkhd tupg; ghpNrhjfh;
tpz;zg;gjhup mDkjpg;
gj;jpuj;ijg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;Sk; gb
mwptpf;fg;gLfpd;whu;
efu rig
tpahghu mDkjpg;
gj;jpuf;fl;lzk; 1000 ,w;Fk;
mjpfupf;fhj njhif
(tpahghuj;jpd; tUlhe;j nghJ
ngWkjpiag; nghWj;J)
mwtplg;gLfpwJ
fhrhsH
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
7. nghJr; Rfhjhug; ghpNrhjfh; gupe;Jiuf;fhtpl;lhy;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpz;zg;gjhup tpz;zg;gj;jpy;
vy;yh FiwghLfSk;
Fwpg;gpl;l xU fbjj;ijg;
ngWthu;
efurigj; jiytu;
FiwghLfs; jpUj;jg;gl;L efu
rigf;F mwptpf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
tpahghueltbf;if nraw;gLk;
,lj;jpid kPs; Nkw;ghu;it
nra;jy;
nghJr; Rfhjhu
ghpNrhjfu; / tUkhdtupg; ghpNrhjfu;
tpahghuk; Rfhjhur;rl;lq;fs;
xOq;F tpjpfs; vd;gitf;F
Vw;g ,Ue;jhy; mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
nghJ Rfhjhu ghpNrhjfu;;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F gFjp 4
Fwpg;gpl;lij mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;L th;j;jf
mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu thpAk;
89
8. ,zq;fhikapd; rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpahghu
cupikahsUf;F
tpahghu mDkjpg;
gj;jpuj;ij ngw;Wf;
nfhs;Sk; gbAk;
Rfhjhuj; juq;fis
NgZk; tpjj;jpy;
tpahghuj;ijg;
guhkupf;Fk; gbAk;
mt;thW nra;ahtpl;lhy;
tpahghu eltbf;ifia
Nkw;nfhs;Sk; egUf;F
vjpuhf rl;l eltbf;if
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; vd
vr;rupf;if
tpLf;fg;gLthu;.
efurigj; jiytu;
mwptpj;jiy kPWk;
gl;rj;jpy; khtl;l
ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;F
jhf;fy; nra;ag;gl
KbAk;
mwptpj;jy; tpLf;fg;gl;L
14 ehl;fSf;Fs;
nhviklig!861!egh!
uqkqg<gh<hMuKme<!
nElkqh<hk<kqvlqe<xq!
uqbihivl<!osb<k!
yu<ouiV!
fitqx<Gl<!361!egh!uQkl<!!
nxuqmh<hMl</!
lium<m!fQkqle<xl<!
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
90
th;j;jfthp - NkNyhl;lk;
tUkhdtup Nkw;ghu;itahsh; midj;J tpahghuj;
jyq;fSf;Fk; fl;lzk; vJTkpd;wp
tpz;zg;gbtq;fis tpepNahfpf;fpwhh;
Njitahd Mtzq;fSld;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;g
gbtk; tUkhdthp
Nkw;ghu;itahsuhy;
Nrfupf;fg;gLfpwJ
thpg;gzk; fhrhshplk;
nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ
tpahghu mDkjpg;gj;jpuKk; tpahghu thpAk;
91
9. th;j;jf thpf;nfhLg;gdT rk;ge;jkhd nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
efurigapd;
mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l
gpuNjrj;jpDs; cs;s
vy;yh
tpahghuj;jyq;fSf;Fk;
Neubahf tp[ak; nra;J
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efu rigapd; tUkhd
tup Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;ggbtq;fisr;
Nrfhpj;jy;
tUkhdtup
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
3000 ,w;Fk; mjpfkhfhj
njhif tpahghu
epiyaq;fspy; ,Ue;J
mwtplg;gLfpd;wJ
gFjp 165 B (1) efurigr;rl;lk;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s efu
rig jPu;khdk;
tup nrYj;jg;gLfpd;wJ
fhrhsh;
th;j;jf thpf;
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;gl;lij
cWjpnra;a xU gw;Wr;
rPl;L ngw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
fhrhsh;
efu rig gpuNjrj;jpy;
cs;s tpahghu
];jyq;fSf;F Neubahf
tp[ak; nra;J
rpyNtis ,e;j
thpg;gzk; mwtplg;gLk;
tUkhdthpg; ghpNrhjfu;/ tUkhdtup
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
Fwpg;G: ,e;j thpahdJ gpd;tUk; gpukhzq;fspd; mbg;gilapNyNa
fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ
• tpahghuj;jpd; tUlhe;jg; ngWkjp
• tpahghuk;
• ngw;w ,yhgk;
• th;j;jfk; %yk; toq;fg;gl;l nghUl;fs; Nritfspd; mtrpamsT.
10. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd; tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
tpahghu
chpikahsUf;F xU
mwptpj;jy;
mDg;gg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;glhj
mwptpj;jiyj; njhlh;e;J
khtl;l ePjpkd;wj;jpy;
tof;Fj; jhf;fy;
nra;ag;glKbAk;
mwptpj;jy; tpLf;fg;gl;L
7 ehl;fSf;Fs;
efurigr; nrayhsH
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
92
nrYj;j Ntz;ba
njhifia kPl;nlLj;J
efu rigapd;
epjpaj;jpw;F nrYj;Jf.
khtl;l ePjpgjp
thfd kw;Wk; kpUfthp
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 94
1. mwpKfk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. ......................................................................................................................... 95
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 95 3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 95
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 95
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw ............................................................................................... 95
6. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd; tpisTfs; .................................................................. 96
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
94
thfd kw;Wk; kpUftup – NkNyhl;lk;
efu rigapd; tUkhdtup cj;jpNahfj;jhplk;
tUkhdtup Nkw;ghu;itahsuplk; ,Ue;J
tpz;zg;ggbtj;ijg; ngWf
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;ggbtk; tUkhd
thp cj;jpNahfj;jhplk; ifaspf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
gw;Wr; rPl;L
fhrhsUf;Fr; nrYj;jg;gl;l gw;Wr; rPl;by;
cs;s gzj;njhif
gw;Wr;rPl;L efu rigapd; fhrhsUf;F jpUk;g
ifaspf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigr; nrayhsu; gjpT ,yf;fj;ij
toq;Ffpwhh;
thfd kw;Wk; kpUf tup
95
thfd kw;Wk; kpUf tup
1. mwpKfk;
efu rigahy; tpjpf;fg;gLfpd;w thfd kw;Wk; kpUftup fPNo jifik vd;w gFjpapy;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s thfdq;fSf;Fk; kpUfq;fSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk; ,e;jtupahdJ fhu;fs;
nyhwpfs; Nkhl;lhh; igrpf;fps;fs; kw;Wk; Vida Nkhl;lhu; Nghf;Ftuj;J rl;lj;Jf;Fs;
mlq;Fk;. thfdq;fSf;Fg; nghUe;jhJ xt;nthU tUlKk; 31k; jpfjp khh;r;Rf;F
Kd;dh; ,e;j mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fs; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
• efu rigr; rl;lj;jpd; 162k; 163k; gFjpfs;
• 1953.11.06.e;jpfjp 10609k; ,yf;f tu;j;jkhdpapy; gpuRupf;fg;gl;l gFjp XXIII cila epakr; rl;l tpjpfs;
3. jifik
Jtpr;rf;futz;b, Kr;rf;futz;b, tz;bfs;, Ml;Nlhf;fs;, Fjpiufs; Mfpa efu
rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;lit thpnrYj;Jtjw;F
chpj;JilajhFk;.
4. fl;lzq;fs;
efu rigr; rl;lg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;lthW tupg;gzj;njhif Fwpg;gplg;gLk;.
5. tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzk; vJTkpd;wp
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk; efu
rigapy; ,Ue;J
ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ
tUkhdthpg; gphptpy;
cs;s tUkhdthp
Nkw;ghHitahsH
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l
tpz;zg;ggbtk; jpUk;g
ifaspf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
tUkhdtup
Nkw;ghHitahsH
mJ gjpT
nra;ag;gLtJld; xU
gw;Wr; rPl;Lk;
toq;fg;gLk; gw;Wr;
rPl;by; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l
njhif gjpag;gLk;.
tUkhdthp
Nkw;ghu;itahsu;
nfhLg;gdTj; njhif
gw;Wr; rPl;by;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;lgb
fhrhsh;
nfhLg;gdit
cWjpg;gLj;Jk; gw;Wr;rPl;L
kPz;Lk; ifaspf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
xU gjpT ,yr;rpid
kpUfj;jpd; my;yJ
thfdj;jpd; gjpT
,yf;fj;Jld;
toq;fg;gLk;
efurigr; nrayhsu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
96
gjpT ,yr;rpid
mDkjpg;gj;jpukhff;
fUjg;gLfpwJ. xU tUl
Mz;L brk;gu; 31 tJ
nry;YgbahFk;.
gjpT ,yr;rpid
thfdj;jpd; kPJ my;yJ
kpUfj;jpd; kPJ
njhq;ftplg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;
6. ,zq;fhikf;Fhpa rl;l gpd;tpisTfs;
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
gjpT ,yr;rpid fhz;gpf;fg;glhj
tplj;J efu rig nrayhsu;
my;yJ mtuhy; epakpf;fg;gLk;
xUtu; my;yJ xU nghyp];
mjpfhup gjpT ,yr;rpidia
ghpNrhjpg;gJld; mjidr;
rkh;g;gpf;Fk; gb NfhUthu; thfdk;
my;yJ kpUfk; mth;fshy;
jLj;Jitf;fg;gl KbAk;.
mt;thwhd epiyapy;
chpikahsu; my;yJ nghWg;ghf
cs;stu; khtl;lePjpkd;wj;jpd;
Kd;du; M[u; nra;ag;gLthu;
Fwpg;G: efu rig rl;lj;jpd; 163(2)k; mj;jpahak; thptpjpg;gpy; ,Ue;J gpd;tUk;
thfdq;fSf;Fk; kpUfq;fSf;Fk; tpjp tpyf;fspf;fpd;wJ.
1. murhq;fj;jpw;F my;yJ efu rigf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdit
2. ,uhZt mjpfhupfSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhdit
3. tpahghupfshy; tpw;gidf;fhf itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Jtpr;rf;fu tz;bfs;
4. thfdr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; thfd mDkjptupf;F cl;gl;l thfdq;fs;
ePu; tpepNahfk;
NkNyhl;lk; ............................................................................................................................ 98
1. mwpKfk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;. ......................................................................................................................... 99
2. rl;l mjpfhuk; ................................................................................................................. 99 3. jifik ........................................................................................................................... 99
4. fl;lzq;fs; ..................................................................................................................... 99
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs; ............................................................................................... 99
6. epue;ju ePu; tpepNahfj;ijg; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw .................... 99
7. jw;fhypfkhf ePu; tpepNahfj;ijg; ngWtjw;fhd nrad;Kiw .............................. 101
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
98
ePu; tpepNahfk; - NkNyhl;lk;
ePu; Ntiyfs; mj;jpal;rfuplk;
,Ue;J xU tpz;zg;gg;
gbtj;ijg; ngWf
ePu; Ntiyfs; jpizf;fs mj;jpal;rfuplk;
G+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gg; gbtj;ij
Njitahd Mtzq;fSld; rkh;g;;gpf;Ff
mwpf;iffs; gpd;tUtdNthuplkpUe;J ngwg;gLfpd;wd.
• kjpg;gPl;L gpuptpy; ,Ue;J
• ePu; Ntiyfs; jpizf;fsj;jpy; ,Ue;J
• rk;ge;jg;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpw;Fg; nghWg;ghd njhopy; El;g
cj;jpNahfj;juplkpUe;J • ePu;f;Foha; jpUj;JtuplkpUe;J
rhjfk; ghjfk;
njhopy; El;g
cj;jpNahfj;jhpd; kjpg;gPL
ePu; Ntiyfs; ngwpapayhsupd;
mDkjp
itg;gpyplg;gl Ntz;ba njhif gw;wp
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F vOj;J%ykhd mwptpg;G
kjpg;gPl;Lf;fhd nfhLg;gdT
ePu; tpepNahfk;
ePu; tpepNahfk;
99
ePu; tpepNahfk;
1. mwpKfk;
efurigfs; ePu; toq;fy; tbfhyikg;G rig%ykhf ePiug;ngw;W efu rigapd;
mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpy; trpf;Fk; kf;fSf;F toq;Ffpd;wJ. vdpDk; rpy efu
rigfs; jq;fs; nrhe;j ePu; tsq;fisNa cgNahfpf;fpd;wd.
cjhuzk;:- ehtyg;gpl;b efu rig
2. rl;l mjpfhuk;
• efu rigr; rl;lk; (mj;jpahak; 255) ,d; cila cg gFjp 129 (a) • 06.11.1953 ntspaplg;gl;l 10609 tu;j;jkhdp ,yf;fj;ijf; nfhz;l 2k; gFjpapy;
,aw;wg;gl;l Jizr;rl;lq;fs;.
3. jifik
efu rigapd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpd; xU tPl;il my;yJ NtW VjhtJ
nrhj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
efurigapd; vy;iyf;F mg;ghy; trpg;gtuhf ,Ue;jhYk; efu rigapd; vy;iyf;F kpf
mz;ikapy; trpg;gtuhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.
4. fl;lzq;fs;
• fl;lzk; &gh 50 nrYj;jpg; ngwg;gl;l tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
• njhopEl;g mYtyuhy; nra;ag;gl;l kjpg;gPL
5. Njitahd Mtzq;fs;
• tpz;zg;gjhup efurigapd; vy;iyf;fg;ghy; trpj;J efurigapd; cila
vy;iyfSf;fz;ikapy; trpj;jhy; cs;Suhl;rp rigaplkpUe;J
tpz;zg;gpg;gjw;fhd rhd;wpjo; mDkjp tpz;zg;ggbtj;Jld;
rku;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
• tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; ngau; kjpg;gPl;Lg; gjptpy; gjpT nra;ag;glhtpl;lhy;
tpz;zg;gjhhpapd; tjptplj;ij cWjpg;gLj;jp fpuhk Nritahsuhy;
toq;fg;gLk; mj;jhl;rp
6. ePu; tpepNahfj;ijg; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F
fhyk; mjpfhup
&gh 50 fl;lzk; nrYj;jp
xU tpz;zg;gj;ijg;
ngwNtz;Lk;(efu
rigfspilNa NtWglf;
$Lk;)
ePu; Ntiyfs;
mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
rku;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
ePu; Ntiyfs;
mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;ggbtk; ngwg;gl;l
gpwF tpz;zg;g ,yf;fk;
toq;fg;gLtJld; gjpT
nra;ag;gLfpwJ
ePu; Ntiyfs;
jpizf;fsj;jpy; cs;s
cupa mYtyu;
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
100
gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; ,Ue;J
mwpf;iffs; ngwg;gl
Ntz;Lk;
• kjPg;gPl;Lg; gpuptpd; ePu; Ntiyfs;
jpizf;fsj;jpy; ,Ue;J
• tUkhdthp cj;jpNahfj;juplkpUe;J
• rk;ge;jg;gl;l gpuNjrj;jpd; cila njhopy;El;g
cj;jpNahfj;juplkpUe;J
• ePu;f;Foha; jpUj;JtuplkpUe;J
vy;yh mwpf;iffSk;
rhjfkhFk; NghJ ePu;
tpepNahfk; nra;tJ
rhj;jpakhtJld; mJgw;wpa
xU kjpg;gPL
nra;ag;gLfpwJ
njhopEl;g mYtyu;
kjpg;gPL
mDkjpf;fg;gLfpwJ
efurigj; jiytu;
xU vOj;J %ykhd
mwptpj;jy;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
mDg;gg;gLfpwJ ,e;j
mwptpj;jy; ePu;
tpepNahfj;ijg; ngWtjw;F
tpz;zg;gjhhp
Nkw;nfhs;sNtz;ba vy;yh
eltbf;iffisAk;
cs;slf;fpapUf;fpwJ
tpz;zg;gjhhp kjpg;gPl;by;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;l
gzj;njhifia
itg;gpypLkhW
mwptpf;fg;gLfpwhh;
efurigj; jiytu;
kjpg;gPl;by; cs;s
gzj;njhif
nrYj;jg;gLfpd;wJ
fhrhsh;
ePu; toq;fYf;fhd
cld;gbf;if
efurigj;jiytUf;Fk;
tpz;zg;gjhupf;Fk; ,ilNa
ifnaOj;jplg;gLfpwJ.
ePu; tpepNahfk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
ePu; tpepNahfk;
101
7. jw;fhypf ePu; tpepNahfj;ijg; ngWtjw;fhd tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiw
nrad;Kiw xOq;F fhyk; mjpfhup
fl;lzk; nrYj;jp xU
tpz;zg;ggbtj;ijg;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;sNtz;Lk;
ePu; Ntiyfs;
mj;jpal;rfu;
tpz;zg;gg;gbtk;
rku;g;gpf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;
ePu; Ntiyfs;
jpizf;fs
vOJtpidQu;
tpz;zg;gk;
ngwg;gl;lgpd;du; mjw;F
,yf;fk; toq;fg;gl;L
gjpT nra;ag;gLfpwJ
ePu; Ntiyfs;
jpizf;fsj;jpy; cs;s
cupa mYtyu;
gpd;tUNthhplkpUe;J
mwpf;if
ngwg;glNtz;Lk;
• rk;ge;jg;gl;l
gpuNjrj;jpw;Fk;
nghWg;ghd
njhopy; El;g
cj;jpNahfj;ju;
vy;yh mwpf;iffSk;
rhjfkhf ,Ue;jhy; ePu;
tpepNahfk; toq;FtJ
rhj;jpakhtJld;
mjw;fhd kjpg;gPLk;
nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
njhopEl;g mYtyu;
kjPg;gPL
mDkjpaspf;fg;gLfpd;wJ
efurigj; jiytu;
Xh; vOj;J%ykhd
mwptpj;jy;
tpz;zg;gjhhpf;F
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wJ me;j
mwptpj;jy; ePu;
tpepNahfj;ijg;ngw
tpz;zg;gjhhp
Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;ba
vy;yh
eltbf;iffisAk;
cs;slf;fpapUf;fpwJ
tpz;zg;gjhhp kjpg;gPl;by;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;l njhifia
itg;gpy; ,LkhW
mwptpf;fg;gLfpwhu;
efurigj; jiytu;
kjpg;gPl;by; cs;s
gzj;njhif
nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ
fhrhsh;
ePu; tpepNahfk;
toq;fg;gLfpwJ
rPuhf;fy; tiuglkhf;fy;: efu rigfs;
102
efurigahy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; ehdhtpj Nritfs;
efu rigahy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w ehdhtpj Nritfs;
Nrit
Njit
tpz
;zg;gj;ij
rkh;g;gpj;jy;
Njitahd
Mtzq;fs;
mDkjp
Vidait
neLQ;rhiy
fis
cilg;gjw;f
hd mDkjp
ePh;f;Fsha;fisg;
nghUj;Jtjw;F
Ntiyfs;
nghwpapayhsu;
efurig ePu;toq;fy;
tbfhyikg;G
rigapy; ,Ue;J
xUfbjk;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLtJld;
mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ
ePu; gTrh;fs; ePh;j;jl;Lg;ghL
kw;Wk; tpNrl
re;jh;g;gq;fspy;
ePu; toq;Ftjw;F
efurigr;
nrayhsu;
xU vOj;J%ykhd
Ntz;LNfhs;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l fl;lzk;
mwtpg;gLtJld;
efurig nrayhsuhy;
mDkjp toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efuj;jpw;Fk;
efuj;jpw;F
ntspg;gl;l
gFjpfSf;Fkpil
Na fl;lzk;
NtWgLfpd;wJ
Mokhd
rpW tbfhy;
Nrit
fopTf; Fopfis
ntWikahf;fy;
efu rigapd;
cila
nrayhsu;
xU vOj;J %ykhd
Ntz;LNfhs;
nghJr; Rfhjhug;
gupNrhjfuhy; kjpg;g;PL
nra;ag;gl;l njhif
nrYj;;jg;gl;L efurigr;
nrayhsuhy; mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ
ikjhdq;f
isAk;
kz;lgq;fi
sAk;
thliff;F
tply;
tpisahl;Lg;
Nghl;bfs;
fspahl;lq;fYf;fhd
ikjhdq;fs;
itgtq;fs;
nghUl;fhl;rpfs;
fUj;juq;FfSf;f
hd kz;lgq;fs;
efu rig
nrayhsu;
Nghyp]; mDkjp
my;yJ rk;ge;jg;gl;l
mjpfhhpaplk; ,Ue;J
ngwg;gl;l
mDkjpAld; vOj;J
%ykhd
Nkd;KiwaPL
rk;ge;jg;gl;l fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLtJld;
efurigr; nrayhsuhy;
mDkjp
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ
kahdq;fs;
mlf;fk;
nra;tjw;fhf
efu rigapd;
Rfhjhuitj;jpa
mjpfhup my;yJ
nrayhsu;
kuzr;rhd;wpjOld;
xU vOj;J%ykhd
Ntz;LNfhs;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l fl;lzk;
mwtplg;gLtJld;
efurigapd; Rfhjhu
itj;jpa mjpfhupapd;
mDkjp toq;fg;gLfpwJ
efuj;jpw;Fk;
efuj;jpw;F
ntspNa cs;s
,lq;fSf;Fk;
,ilNa fl;lzk;
NtWgLfpd;wJ.
efurigf;F
mg;ghy; cs;s
gpuNjrkhapd;
fl;lzk; NkYk;
mjpfkhFk;
Nrit
Njit
tpz
;zg;gj;ij
rku;gpj;jy;
Njitahd
Mtdq;fs;
mDkjp
Vidait
thfd
Nritfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jk;
Fg;igfis
mfw;wYk;
efu rigapd;
nrayhsu;
my;yJ
jiytH
vOj;J %ykhd
Ntz;LNfhs;
rk;ge;jg;gl;l fl;lzk;
msitiAk; Àuj;ijAk;
nghWj;J efurigahy;
mDkjp toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
epidTr;
rpd;dq;fis
mikj;jy;
kahdq;fspy;
epidTr;
rpd;dq;fs;
efurigr;
nrayhsu;
kuzr;rhd;wpjo;
epidTr;rpd;d
tiuglk; ,we;jth;
efu
rigg;gpuNjrj;jpy;
trpj;jhu; vd;gij
cWjpg;gLj;Jk;
gpuNjr nrayhshpd;
mj;jhl;rpf; fbjk;
nghJr;Rfhjhu gupNrhjfu;
/ njhopy; El;g
mYtyupd;
gupe;JiuiaaLj;J
jiytupd;
/ nrayhsupd;
mDkjp
mghafukhd
kuq;fis
mfw;Wjy;
tPl;Lf;F my;yJ
tPjpf;F kuj;jpd;
xU gFjp
Nrjj;ij
Vw;gLj;jf;$ba
epiyik fUjy;
efurigr;
nrayhsu;
efurigj;
jiytUf;F
Kftupaplg;gl;l xU
vOj;J %ykhd
Nkd;KiwaPL
kuk; 14 ehl;fSf;Fs;
ntl;lg;glhtpl;lhy; efu
rig nrayhsu; kuj;ij
ntl;Lk; mjpfhuk;
,Ug;gJld; mjw;F
nrytpl;l gzj;ij ku
chpikahshplk; ,Ue;J
mwtplTk; KbAk;
Áyf
Nrit
thrpg;Gg;
gof;fj;ij
Kd;Ndw;Wjy;
Áyfh;
fpuhk Nritahsu; /
ghlrhiy mjpgu;>
gzpGhpAk; ,lj;jpd;
jiytuplk;
,Ue;jhd mj;jhl;rp
chpa nfhLg;gdT
nrYj;jg;gl;lJld;
cWg;Ghpik Áyfuhy;
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ