RSRTC-Case Study-Global

RSRTC - Case Study

The pilot study could not have

been completed without the

great support that we have re-

ceived from so many people in

bus depots, workshops, and the

head office over last couple of

months. We would like to thank

RSRTC Team for steering the

work of pilot study that led to this

case study.

- Team Reffcon

1 Executive Summary

2 Company Profile

3 Project Background

4 Proposed Methodology

5 Pilot Study

7 Calculations and Observations

8 Monitoring and Evaluation

9 Saving Partnership and the way ahead

RSRTC Case Study | Page 1

Rajasthan is India's largest state by area. It has a

rapidly growing economy, wherein its flagship trans-

port carrier RSRTC supports the traveling public by

acting as key pillar in state’s development. Cur-

rently, ~4300 buses across 51 depots are plying

more than 16 lakh kilometers and carrying more

than 9 lakh passengers per day. The corporation is

expected to increase its fleet size by adding around

800 buses in next few years. Because of the magni-

tude of this growth, RSRTC will find it difficult to

impart operational efficiency and this increase will

also have impact on the environment, public health,

global warming, and the fuel economy due to con-

sumption of high amount of fuel and release of

harmful pollutants in air.

In June 2016, Reffcon India got an opportunity

to discuss its profile, services and solution with

Hon'ble Minister of Transport, Rajasthan and Man-

aging Director - RSRTC. It was explained to them,

how our fuel saving solution for vehicles is a smart

way to reduce emissions and fuel savings for the

government. Also, our interventions, analysis and

monitoring services will be free of cost for the gov-

ernment. Since RSRTC need over 115 million liters

of diesel annually to run its ~4300 buses in fleet,

every drop saved will help the corporation's overall

The pilot being done to ascertain the efficacy of the

solution gives positive results. So far, we have

experienced a fuel economy improvement of 6.84%

which we expect to increase upto 10%.

performance in a big way. Therefore, the Hon’able

Minister and the MD – RSRTC, owing to their com-

mitment to bring new innovations and pollution con-

trol initiatives in the state, allowed us to start with a

pilot project in order to demonstrate our capabilities

and to bring the best results in the RSRTC fleet.

Reffcon has carried out study in 3 buses in

Jaipur-Vaishali Nagar, Deedwana and Deluxe de-

pots, as part of pilot project taken up to ascertain

the effectiveness of our solution. Trail runs of buses

after implementing our interventions happened in

June. So far, we have experienced a fuel economy

improvement of 6.84 percent. During trial, we have

seen abundant potential and we believe that our

interventions can improve bus fuel economy by as

much as 10 percent beside decrease in carbon

emissions, air toxic reduction and above all, lessen-

ing the k-value impact.

The RSRTC buses, the most common form of

transport in the state of Rajasthan, are often ineffi-

cient and heavy emitters of carbon dioxide. Our

pilot study shows that if they are properly tuned and

adjusted, then it will result in cleaner, safer, and

cheaper buses that consume less fuel and reduce

emissions.

Clockwise (from Top): Bus from Deedwana Depot,

Deluxe Depot and Jaipur Depot


Our Footprints

Reffcon, is an international provider of products and services with defined focus on

'Energy Sustainability'. From power generation to fuel efficiency, we deliver solutions that

promise to make a marked difference in fuel landscape, both in terms of supply and emis-

sions associated with fuel intensive activities. We are headquartered in Austria, with al-

ready active presence in major European countries and South East Asia.

About Us Serves clients including fortune 500 companies and government organizations

in the field of Power Generation (Renewable as well as conventional), Power Grids, Smart Grid, Cooling & Freezing, and Automotive (especially EV (electric vehicles) techniques.

Major subsidiaries include Plusminus Global, Reffcon Finance, Reffcon Ven-tures.

Mission and Vision Our vision is to create value that transforms the energy landscape making it

sustainable in every aspect. For us, making profit means creating welfare, so-cial security and jobs for the society.

Our solutions are and will continue to target the fundamental and the biggest problems that the world is dealing with and that is related to the way energy is produced and consumed.

The world is struggling with energy crisis and global warming. We are committed to devising solutions and products targeting these problems, ensuring that benefits are significant and impacts the masses.

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Rajasthan being the largest state of India operates

one of the largest fleet of intercity bus transporta-

tion. The state’s public transport system is one of

the country’s most heavily utilized, and is the pri-

mary mode of transport. In the semi-urban and rural

areas, buses account for over 80-90 percent of

public transport.

It was observed that RSRTC depends solely on

revenue earned from ticket sales to cover opera-

tional costs which sometimes make things difficult.

We propose to meet operational costs in other

ways also, and consider fuel economy as a signifi-

cant strategy which can contribute towards opera-

tional efficiency. RSRTC too agrees with this ap-

proach. However, systematic and targeted steps

towards improving fuel economy has not received

too much attention in RSRTC till now, in part owing

to the fact that it has understandably place its pri-

mary focus on providing adequate service and

safety to passengers.

RSRTC had achieved an average of 5.00 kilo-

meters per liter (kmpl) on its routes during the finan-

cial year 2015-16. But with our expected 10% in-

crease in fuel efficiency after our interventions, it

will cross 5.5 kmpl bar. All this can be achieved with

their current fleet and without any modifications in

bus engine at no extra cost. This will be contrary to

the popular belief that fuel economy is solely de-

pendent on vehicle maintenance or purchasing new

buses with improved technology. The proposed

operational efficiency will save the corporation

close to 9-10 percent of the total cost of operations.

Our fuel (diesel/petrol/CNG) saving solution for

vehicles is a smart way to reduce emissions

(pollution) and diesel/petrol/CNG savings for the

government. Our services and products match the

European standards yet ensure that it is financially

feasible and attractive. The offerings are designed

to make your processes more energy efficient, be-

sides particular focus in improving productivity.

Given the growing prospects of pollution control in

India, and that of diesel/petrol savings in Rajasthan,

we see immense opportunity to extend our services

and use our experience aptly in reducing the fuel

consumption and emissions of the state’s existing

fleet. Our vision for RSRTC compliments RSRTC’s

operational efficiency and environment conscious

vision in every aspect.

Reffcon propose to meet

operational costs in other

ways also, and consider

fuel economy as a

significant strategy which

can contribute towards

operational efficiency and

emission reduction. Sharing5 Concept - You will kill the SMOG and you will reduce the fuel costs, on any fossil fuel machine.

Reffcon will help RSRTC develop a

system of its own and achieve

phenomenal results. An intentional

strategy that involves a variety of best

practices will make this possible.


Reffcon’s interventions are a set of unique pack-

ages of hardware, software, soft-skills and elec-

tronic controls designed to improve fuel economy

and reduce vehicular emissions. By reducing fuel

consumption, our approach will help RSRTC save

on the overall cost of fuel as well as reduce exhaust

emissions and it will be free of cost.

Although buses are a cheap and convenient

mode of transport for all classes of society,

RSRTC’s buses can be more fuel-efficient to yield

economic and environmental benefits. Our analysis

shows that the reducing fuel use through targeted

maintenance of buses in the corporation can signifi-

cantly reduce expenditures. We will help RSRTC

develop a system of its own and achieve phenome-

nal results. An intentional strategy that involves a

variety of best practices will make this possible.

The procedures recognize that improving fuel

economy is not achieved through any simple tech-

nical fix. It is possible only with senior management

focus and employee participation, detailed data col-

lection and analysis to benchmark and target ef-

forts, maintenance directed at low fuel economy

buses, good maintenance practices and quality

4 step guide to highlight the sweet spots for RSRTC


The tailor-made solutions comprises of full

scale analysis of

historical data available (consumption of

the past years, maintenances costs,

evaluation of smoke tests of years,

type of vehicles (brand, model, age)

average daily/weekly/yearly kilometers

driven

what is the kind of a typical daily route

(mountains, no. of stops, city or long

haul)

what kind of fuel is used

load factors/passenger factors

assurance of repairs, well trained drivers and wide-

spread communication of fuel economy results to

all levels of staff. These factors, working in synergy,

create a culture of fuel economy in the organization

and help improve fleet average fuel economy while

eliminating low fuel economy outliers from the fleet.

We propose a 5 Level – 18 Step Methodology to

achieve operational efficiency in RSRTC.

Technical level of vehicle as the modern

Drive train Technology (e.g. 3rd genera-

tion of Common Rail Injection) cannot be

compared with old mechanical systems.

However modern drive train technology

should be maintained appropriately as

well.

Vehicle handling which plays a signifi-

cant role in composition of fuel consump-

tion. Vehicle handling can be influenced

by operating circumstances (highway, in-

land transport, urban distribution, con-

struction, etc.) and driving style (Eco-

driving).

Below here, Figure presents an illustration of Reffcon’s

5 Level 18 Steps Methodology


A pilot study was carried out in RSRTC with Managing Director’s consent to validate our concept and

to see the extent to which fuel efficiency gains accrue. A mix of urban and semi-urban bus depots

had been selected for the pilot-test. The testing was carried out in the following depots, Jaipur-

Vaishali Nagar, Deedwana and Deluxe, for around a month. Initially, we were planning to take Sikar

and Jhunjhunu as well but had to drop off these locations owing to unavailability of authentic PUC

checking centres. Some management related and long range development steps in our solution

stages were not included in validation testing.

Following a comparison between the buses’ mileage a month before (May 2016) our interventions

and buses equipped with our interventions featuring Fuel Energizers, we experienced fuel economy

improvements of 6.84 percent.

It is a way to save RSRTC money and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by increasing buses fuel

efficiency.

Carried out in 3 Buses from 3 Depots

Overall 6.84% cumulative increase in mile-

age achieved.

Buses have shown signs of improvement

within 1-2 days after our interventions and

the mileage has increased upto 13-14% in

few buses initially.

Also, the most prominent increase is in

SCANIA bus RJ14PD3386 wherein 10.4%

increase in Mileage achieved within 7 trip

days. After device installation, the overall

mileage has increased to 3.6 km/l from 3.26

km/l (from May-16 baseline).

We believe that we will be able to achieve

upto 10% with more stringent standard oper-

ating procedures (SOP) and other interven-

tions.

4.29

4.5833

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

May Average June Trial Period Average

KMPL


10.4% increase in Mileage achieved within 7

trip days.

After device installation, Overall Mileage has

increased to 3.6 km/l from 3.26 km/l (May-

16)

Being a new engine, the bus has shown

signs of improvement immediately and it

peaked on 245h June with an average of

3.86 km/l (highest)

Important point to note is that this bus plied

on Jaipur-Delhi route during the trial period

except on 23rd June.

On 23rd June trip to Manali which involves

Himalayan mountainous roads, the bus

gave mileage of 3.28 km/l much higher than

previous 3 trips w/o device during the

month. W/o device KMPL figures 2.68, 3.05,

2.97. Produced more power while bettering

mileage on the difficult terrain.

Daily, different driver drove this bus

Number Bus Number Depot Model Make Device Installed On

3386 RJ14PD3386 DELUXE 2015 SCANIA 21-Jun-16

3.28

3.53

3.86

3.743.74

3.623.69

3.38

3.51

2.9

3

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4

KMPL

KMPL June Trial Period Avg. May-16 Avg.

5.5% increase in Mileage achieved within 3

trips post installation.


increased to 5.00 km/l from 4.74 km/l (May-

16)

The bus plied on Makrana-Ajmer route

which includes a few rough patches


1135 RJ36PA1135 DEEDWANA 2010 LEYLAND 17-Jun-16

5.07

4.93

5

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

5

5.1

20-Jun-16 21-Jun-16 22-Jun-16 23-Jun-16 24-Jun-16 25-Jun-16

KMPL




increased to 5.15 km/l from 4.87 km/l

(5.75% Increase)(May-16)

The initial dip in mileage can be attributed to

cleaning action ignited by our interventions.

Since then, the bus’s performance has im-

proved a lot

Mileage is consistently increasing. With

sharp increase from 26th June (5.6 km/l), it

peaked on 29th June (5.71 km/l, one of the

highest so far)

Important point to note is that this bus plied

on same Jaipur-Kroli route but still there is

enough variations which looks suspicious.


4251 RJ14PB4251 VAISHALI 2010 LEYLAND 20-Jun-16

4.72

4.05

5.05 5.055.3

4.72

5.6 5.63 5.63 5.71

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

KMPL



Total Consumption in Financial Year 2015-16 (in Liters) 115078955.1

Diesel Price Rs/Ltr (As on Friday, July 1, 2016 in Jaipur) 58.65

Total Diesel Cost in Financial Year 2015-16 115078955.1 * 58.65

= 6749380715

Amount of Diesel Saved (3.55%) in Liters per annum 7871400.528

Annual Saving (in INR) with observed 3.55% reduction 461657640.967

Reduction in Carbon Emissions with observed 3.55% reduction 10948611.79

Amount of Diesel Saved (10%) in Liters per annum 11507895.51

Annual Saving (in INR) with expected 10% reduction 674938071.5

Reduction in Carbon Emissions with observed 3.55% reduction 30841159.96

The pilot currently saves RSRTC close to 6.84 percent of the total cost

of operations. This reduction in fuel use not only saves money, but it

also has positive implications on the environment.

For RSRTC, using 115078955.1 liters of die-

sel per annum (from Financial Year 2015-

16), at INR 58.65 per liter, with a 6.84% re-

duction in fuel consumption, the corporation

will save INR 461657640.967 per annum

(Around Forty Six Crore Sixteen Lakh Fifty

Seven Thousand Six Hundred Forty Ru-

pees Only ).

Fuel Savings with observed 6.84% reduction

For RSRTC, using 115078955.1 liters of die-

sel per annum (from Financial Year 2015-

16), at INR 58.65 per liter, with a 10% reduc-

tion in fuel consumption, the corporation will

save INR 674938071.5 per annum (Around

Sixty Seven Crore Forty Nine Lakh Thirty

Eight Thousand Seventy One Rupees

Only).

Fuel Savings with expected 10% reduction

With a 6.84% reduction in fuel consumption

for all the buses, RSRTC’s total carbon emis-

sions would be reduced by 21095.353 met-

ric tons/annum for diesel.

Carbon Emissions with observed 6.84% reduction

With a 10% reduction in fuel consumption for

all the buses, RSRTC’s total carbon emis-

sions would be reduced by 30841.159 met-

ric tons/annum for diesel.

Carbon Emissions with expected 10% reduction

(As per US EPA, CO2 emissions from a liter of diesel = 2.68 kg/liter). The above figures are based only on the reduced

fuel use, and don't include emissions reductions our product offers.


k-value is measure of air pollution most associated

with adverse health effects of the air pollutants that

have ambient air quality standards. These health

effects include cardiovascular and respiratory hos-

pitalizations, and premature death. Diesel Particu-

late Matter (DPM) is typically composed of carbon

particles (“soot”, also called black carbon, or BC)

and numerous organic compounds, including over

40 known cancer-causing organic substances. As

per US Air Resources Board (ARB), 70% of total

known cancer risk related to air toxics is attributable

to diesel particulate matter.

In addition, the fine particulate matter from diesel

engines can cause lung damage, especially in chil-

dren, and contributes to haze.

During pilot, the significant reduction in k-value

is also observed in buses which mean a direct rela-

tion with less no. of pollutant and DPM in air leading

to reduction in health hazards. For instance, a bus

from Didwana Depot achieved 20% reduction in

k-value within 4 hours (or few KM driven) of our

device installation. Also for bus no. 4251, we ob-

served 15% decrease in emission, despite the fact

that the first check did include three wrong readings

owing to no full acceleration by the driver and insuf-

ficient control function.

DIESEL

EXHAUST CONTRIBUTES TO

BRONCHITIS, ASTHMA ATTACKS

AND LUNG

CANCER DPM CONTAINS

OVER 40 KNOWN

CANCER-

CAUSING

ORGANIC

SUBSTANCES

70% OF

CANCER RISK

RELATED TO AIR

TOXICS IS

ATTRIBUTABLE

TO DIESEL

PARTICULATE

MATTER (DPM)


The current Pollution Under Control (PUC)

program is lax and not linked to a vehicle’s

original emission standard and predicted

deterioration rate. It is difficult to get cor-

rect results even in cities like Jaipur and

Sikar, wherein many centres are giving

away fake PUC certificates (using MS Ex-

cel). Given that we will be putting in place

many new vehicle testing centers, RSRTC

can take advantage of these facilities to

establish a PUC in-use testing program.

Our experience from other countries—

particularly Germany and Austria —serves

as an example of what is possible in Ra-

jasthan.

With the price of diesel fuel started to in-

crease and it is expected to approach

higher level over the next few years, con-

cern about fuel cost and the corresponding

diesel vehicle emissions persists. By im-

plementing latest emission standards as

soon as possible, the corporation would be

able to take full advantage of the fuel sav-

ings offered by our technology without

spending any money (instead, RSRTC will

save money in the tune of 9-digit figure)

and raising alarms about the increasing

burden of air pollution.

Precise and real data regarding consumed

fuel is one of the keys for running cost-

effective fleet. We had observed that the

fuel consumption can be influenced. Dur-

ing pilot, odometer and speedometers

weren’t working. Therefore, our offering

will not only include use of GPS based

tracking device (AVL or telematics unit) but

also the tools with high precision algo-

rithms to avoid fuel manipulation.

RSRTC currently depends solely on revenue

earned from ticket sales to increase profit. With our

approach, RSRTC can meet its targets in other

ways including fuel economy which has been rec-

ognized as a significant strategy that contributes

towards operational efficiency while providing ade-

quate service and safety to passengers.

With our interventions, RSRTC can achieve fuel

economy with its existing fleet without investing any

amount or by implementing popular belief viz. vehi-

cle maintenance/purchasing new buses with im-

proved technology.

Reffcon implements its interventions in vehicles free of cost after

analyzing the fleet, to prove the effectiveness of the interventions in

cutting fuel consumption and reduce emissions. So far, we have

experienced good results and proved to be effective in reducing the

fuel intake in all the organizations globally. From long haul buses to

waste haulers and even in new buses, we reduce emissions. In

some cases, vehicles that are not in compliance with emissions

standards are being brought into compliance at no additional cost.

Coupled with this, our interventions are easy to implement in the

buses or machinery without making any modification to the engine

and it will be free of cost for the organizations.

Reffcon Group invests all the finances needed for the projects.

There is no whatsoever financial commitment needed, except

“sharing the profit" approach.

Our company would greatly appreciate your support in ensuring

that our partners world over remain the flag bearer in implementing

new technologies related to emission control, and that of fuel sav-

ings.


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