July - Sept 2014 April - June 2015 Inside Message from the RTIRN Board Message from the RTIRN Secretary Contributions: Road Deaths in children in Thailand by Pimpa Techakamolsuk, Thailand Increases in helmet use among students: Effectiveness of school-based helmet use program in Vietnam by AIPF Unsafe exposure of Children in traffic by Jayalath Edirisinghe, Sri Lanka Children and Motorcycle Fatalities in Malaysia by Yusof Ghani, Malaysia The city is the biggest challenge of civilization by Gustavo Cabrera, Colombia Interventions of tactical urbanism to improve children’s security in the streets of Mexico City by Clara Vadillo, Mexico Road Traffic Injuries and Initiatives taken for safety of children from Road Traffic Injuries by Ms Deeba Shahnaz Akhter, Pakistan An application of an extended Theory of Planned Behavior to understand drivers' intention to comply with the school zone speed limit in Malaysia by Suhaila Abdul Hanan New RTIRN partners Publications News and events To become a RTIRN Partner The Newsletter of the Road Traffic Injuries Research Network (RTIRN)
Transcript
July - Sept 2014
April - June 2015 Inside
Message from the RTIRN Board Message from the RTIRN Secretary Contributions: Road Deaths in children in Thailand by Pimpa Techakamolsuk, Thailand
Increases in helmet use among students: Effectiveness of school-based helmet use program in Vietnam by AIPF
Unsafe exposure of Children in traffic by Jayalath Edirisinghe, Sri Lanka
Children and Motorcycle Fatalities in Malaysia by Yusof Ghani, Malaysia
The city is the biggest challenge of civilization by Gustavo Cabrera, Colombia
Interventions of tactical urbanism to improve children’s security in the streets of Mexico City by Clara Vadillo, Mexico
Road Traffic Injuries and Initiatives taken for safety of children from Road Traffic Injuries by Ms Deeba Shahnaz Akhter, Pakistan
An application of an extended Theory of Planned Behavior to understand drivers' intention to comply with the school zone speed limit in Malaysia by Suhaila Abdul Hanan
New RTIRN partners Publications News and events To become a RTIRN Partner
The Newsletter of the
Road Traffic Injuries
Research Network
(RTIRN)
1
Message from the RTIRN Board
Dear friends,
As you receive this newsletter we will have just finished events for the Third UN Global Road Safety Week - #SaveKidsLives - which as many of you will know, had a focus of keeping children safe on the road. Our newsletter continues this theme, with contributions from around the world on prevention of child road injury.
There are many challenges to keeping children safe on the roads. As vulnerable road users they are at far greater risk of serious injury or death. They often ride unprotected on two and three wheelers, travel without restraint systems in cars, or are forced to walk on busy road ways to get to and from school and home. The focus on children is an important one. All of our children are precious, yet we sadly neglect very simple safety measures which are highly effective in reducing their risk. Keeping small children and babies off two wheelers, wearing helmets on bicycles and motorcycles, ensuring they have safe routes to school, and other simple measures can make all the difference. But for these things to happen we need strong leadership from Government and politicians, and community support.
If you haven’t yet visited theUN Global Road Safety Week website you can visit it here:
http://www.who.int/roadsafety/week/2015/en/. The ten strategies for keeping children safe are:
1. Controlling speeding 2. Reducing drinking and driving 3. Using helmets for bicyclists and motorcyclists 4. Restraining children in vehicles
5. Improving children’s ability to see and be seen
6. Enhancing road infrastructure 7. Adapting vehicle design 8. Reducing risks for young drivers 9. Providing appropriate care for injured children 10. Supervising children around roads.
All of the contributions from members in this issue of the RTIRN highlight these issues. Motorcycle safety, child restraints, and transport to and around schools are all highlighted by our partners as critical issues that require urgent attention. There is clearly much work to be done. Prof. Rebecca Ivers RTIRN Board Member
Dear colleagues and friends, Thank you very much for all of our partners that contributed to this April – June Newsletter dedicated to Children and Road
Safety. We received great contributions from RTIRN that participated on this issue, without your help this great effort would not have been possible. RTIRN has set a goal of establishing networking mechanism and assisting in the creation of partnership between Road Traffic Injury researchers, institutions globally as well as supporting research capacity in low-and middle income countries. On 17th-18th March 2015 the network has organized a dissemination workshop in Hanoi Vietnam on Small Grants Program supported by World Bank. In March 2015 we also officially launch the RTIRN secretariat office in Hanoi Vietnam and you could find more in our News and Events section. RTIRN keep supporting the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020 by showcasing the plans and action of our partners and their contributions in favor of the Decade. You are welcome to participate and share your works with us. Please send them to [email protected], we will update and share with our community through: Our website: www.rtirn.net, our Facebook https://www.facebook.com/rtirn.net and twitter @RITRN; joint us our effort to make the roads safer. Thank again to all of our partners that contributed on this issue and out thank to The Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit – A WHO Collaborating center – on their support on making this newsletter. Enjoy the issue Sincerely yours,
Pimpa Techakamolsuk M.D. Bureau of Epidemiology Ministry of Public Health Email: [email protected]
Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death for Thai children age under 15 years old. The analysis of severe injuries (admitted cases, observed cases, dead before arrival and dead at ER) from National Injury Surveillance (IS), Bureau of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health, which were collected by 33 participating hospitals in 2013 found three-fifths (59.95%) of deaths in children under 15 years old were from road traffic injuries and a case fatality rate of 2.99 %. According to the distribution of road user type, 44.38 % of severe injuries were among drivers, 43.40% among passengers and 11.51% among pedestrians. Of the total child passenger’s vehicles, 73.38 % were motorcycle and 20 % were pickups, cars and vans. During 2010-2013 found that total 15,843 children age below 15 years severely injured as passengers and 524 died. Injuries among pickups occupants are reported, 1,948 persons severe injured and 125 persons died (CFR= 6.42%) while among car occupants, 443 persons severely injured and 35 persons die from car accidents (CFR= 8%). Analysis at different age group for children in a passenger vehicle found 22.18% of children age under 1 year old was injured while travelling in car, pickups and van while proportion of severe injuries in 1-9 years age group was 31 %. Children who died from being passenger in car, pickups and van accounted for 34.68% of road death among all passengers. It is shown that children are particularly vulnerable to road traffic injury.Road traffic injury is preventable; its impact can be mitigated if the proper safety measures in order to prevent severely injured were taken. Child Passenger restraints law should be adopted and take place in Thailand, Strengthening system of law enforcement especially child helmet wearing cause of the very low percentage of helmet wearing in this age group (3.47%) and action program for raising the parents’ awareness when carrying the children on motor vehicles must be started immediately.
Increases in helmet use among students: Effectiveness of school-
based helmet use program in Vietnam
Asia Injury Prevention Foundation
Motorcyclists account for 75%1 of the estimated 22,000 fatalities caused by road injury each year.2 Helmets, widely worn by adult motorcyclists in Vietnam, 3 are a cost-effective and proven intervention.4 Despite legislation passed in 2010 mandating that children 6 years and above must wear helmets, child helmet use rates in Vietnam remained low – 18% across major cities in 2014.5 In response, the Asia Injury Prevention (AIP) Foundation’s school-based program, Helmets for Kids (HFK), delivers helmets and road safety education to primary school students across the country. To assess the effectiveness of HFK in increasing helmet use among primary school students in Vietnam, helmet observations were conducted at 50 primary schools6 in the 2013-2014 school year to collect data on helmet wearing rates among students on motorcycles and bicycles one week prior and two weeks after helmet provision. In addition, helmet observations were conducted in 10 – 12 weeks after helmet provision. Helmet observation conducted from 2011 to 2014 in schools before and after AIP Foundation’s three-year communications campaign (not including helmet provision) in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Danang offered a comparison7 between HFK schools and those only reached by the communications campaign. Average helmet wearing rates increased from 12.3% before in the pre-intervention observation to 86.4% after two weeks post-intervention, 78.1% after 10-12 weeks, and 93.0% at the end of school year. At schools reached by the communications campaign, helmet wearing rates only increased from 18% in March 2011 to 38% in March 2014.8
1Viet Nam National Injury Survey 2010 (Hanoi, Vietnam: Hanoi School of Public Health, 2010). 2World Health Organization, Global Status Report on Road Safety 2013: Supporting a Decade of Action (Geneva: World Health
Organization, 2013), http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/78256/1/9789241564564_eng.pdf. 3Ibid. 4Bette C Liu et al., “Helmets for Preventing Injury in Motorcycle Riders,” in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ed. The
Cochrane Collaboration and Bette C Liu (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008), http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD004333.pub3. 5Asia Injury Prevention Foundation, Helmet Usage in Vietnam: A Pre-Public Awareness Campaign Study (Hanoi, March 2007). 6 AIP Foundation’s presentation at the Vietnam Public Health Association Conference in November 2014 included 38 schools for which data was available at the time. This update includes all schools at which the intervention was completed during the 2014
calendar year. 7 The baseline and first two observations of the communications campaign were observed using a manual counting method and the HFK projects and last observation of the campaign a filmed method. However, an independent comparison of the two methods has
shown no statistically significant difference between the findings. 8Tran Hung Minh, Helmet Observation Survey Report (Final Evaluation – April 2014) (Hanoi, Vietnam: Center for Creative Initiatives in Health and Population (CCIHP), April 2014).
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School-based helmet use programs that combine helmet provision and education can overcome barriers and dramatically increase helmet use among children in Vietnam. The findings suggest HFK can function as a model to promote child helmet use and should be shared, replicated, and adapted in other low- and middle-income countries. The sustainability of HFK is an area for further investigation.
The city is the biggest challenge of civilization
Gustavo Cabrera PhD, Natalia Velásquez MPH. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. Email: [email protected]
United Nations UN-2014 reported that 55% of 7.2 billion people in the world live in cities; among 600 million in Latin America, a particularly inequitable sub-region, most are urban residents, with low education and income, settled in unplanned zones of metropolitan areas in cities such as Sao Paulo, Mexico City, Bogota, Buenos Aires, Santiag o, Lima, Caracas and Medellin, the second largest city of Colombia. Uncontrolled urbanization and rapid motorization are two particularly challenging phenomena for Medellin in the XXI century, with 2.4 million people, as the main artery of the narrow and saturated Metropolitan Area of Aburra Valley-MAAV; like no other in Colombia, it describes, social
injustice, concentration of wealth and socio-spatial segregation. Managing these phenomena requires great sensitivity, advanced training, specific skills and strong leadership to ensure all the constitutional rights to move safely, globally, efficiently, and with sustainability, at a cost that society and individuals can afford. The right to move is daily needed for 1.2 million people in Medellin and other 600,000 citizens of the MAAV who daily cross Medellin either on foot, by skates, bicycles, cars, motorcycles, taxis or by buses, minibuses, cables, Metro Plus, Metro, and, late in 2015, by tram to reach relatives, education facilities, as well as occupational, recreational and cultural spaces, in order to live. Road safety-RS is a civil right, a duty of the State and a local purpose that fully prevents road traffic risk and controls its exposure, with emphasis on the most vulnerable (Pedestrians, Bikers and Cyclists-PBC), which minimizes injury, incapacitation and handicap responding to events, rehabilitating and preventing casualties in road incidents-RI. Medellin registers 300 road casualties/year, 5% of 6,000 in Colombia, inadmissible statistics. Considering that RI affect multiple dimensions and that their human and social costs alter the development of individuals, families, cities and nations (9), a group of researchers, with financing from the National Health Programme COLCIENCIAS and support from the Departments of Health and Mobility characterized the dynamics of RS 2010-2014 and proposes a Management Model of RS-MOGESVI to 2015-2019, with emphasis on children and adolescents.
Dr. Jayalath Edirisinghe Director- Centre for Distance and Continuing Education University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Email: [email protected]
It is a known fact that, children are highly vulnerable to road traffic accidents due to number of reasons. Difficulty to understand the severity of danger, lack of maturity to make a proper decisions are some of the factors identified by previous researchers as reasons for children becoming more vulnerable to road traffic accidents.
Even if the situation is like that, a study carried to identify how safe children in traffic based on field surveys in a city named Kandy in Sri Lanka revealed another side of this story. It was clear that parents and adults should be responsible for exposing children in traffic to dangerous situations. Children carrying in motor bikes without wearing helmets, carrying children in vehicles without adequate safety measures like seat belts and booster seats were investigated in the study. Mainly attention was paid to three vehicle categories. They were light vehicles, motor bikes and Tree wheelers (tiktuk). In the study, initially data collected through road side observations on number of vehicles carrying children and the level of safety they were transported. In the next stage of the study, road side interviews carried out on a random sample selected within the vehicles transporting children. Children transportation was very high during morning and afternoon peak hours of school times. Therefore off-peak data are not presented here. Peak hour situation is as shown in the table below.
Different Vehicle Categories
Motor Bikes
Light Vehicles
Three Wheelers
Total number of vehicles considered
Total Number of Vehicle 1041 1708 966 3715
Total Vehicles carried children 352 559 374 1285
Total No of children 368 813 705 1886
No of children transported unsafe 293 760 523 1576
From the data it is clear what a large percentage of children are dangerously exposed during transport. In the interviews it was revealed that the highest number of unsafe traveling behavior was observed during schooling trips and second was shopping. Among the accompanied persons, it was severe when the children are with their own parents than any other adult. As such, it is not only adequate educating children about safe behavior on roads to
prevent them from facing a dangerous situation, it is much more important to educate their parents and introduce suitable rules and regulations to prevent such dangerous travel patterns and provide necessary facilities to avoid dangerous ways of transporting young children.
Children and Motorcycle Fatalities in Malaysia
Yusof Ghani Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) Email: [email protected]
For decades, the Malaysian road accident statistics consistently shows that the most vulnerable group of road users are the motorcyclists, with about 60% of total annual deaths are made up of this group. While it is commonly known that the young male below 25, especiallyfrom the rural areas are the most vulnerable ones, it is also worth looking at motorcycle fatalities involving children aged 15 and below. This is a group of unlicensed and untrained motorcyclists since the legal age limit to obtain motorcycle license in Malaysia is 16 years old. However, it is a common sight to see children riding motorcycles on rural and suburban roads, especially as a mode of transportation to school. The Royal Malaysian Police statistics indicated that in 2013, a total of 316 children below 15 were killed on the Malaysia roads as a result of motorcycles accidents. They made up 4.5% of total road deaths in Malaysia. Of the 316 killed, 231 (73%) of them were the riders themselves, and the remaining ones were the pillions. What is even more shocking is that 4 of the motorcycle riders killedwere 10 years old or younger! Meanwhile, for the pillions, the statistics of those killed are as follows: 51 in the 11-15 age bracket, 23 between 6 and 10 years old, and 11 between newborn and 5 years old. While there are many factors that could be associated with motorcycle fatalities among children in Malaysia, it is safe to hypothesize that lack of awareness on safety culture among children and parents, lack of enforcement by the authorities, and coupled with social economic factors are the reasons behind the high number of deaths. Meanwhile, a research to identify the reasons for young children to ride motorcycle to schools is underway.
In Mexico, RTIs generate great negative economic impacts for families and the community at large, since they are the first cause of death among children aged 5 to 9 years old, and the second among adolescents aged 10 to 19 (STCONAPRA 2014). Like in other middle- and low-income countries, this has been due to the increase in the number of vehicles on the roads and, above all, to the fact that this phenomenon has not been matched by a comprehensive road safety policy and greater investment in adequate infrastructure. Because the design of the road space has traditionally favored private transportation, all types of users have lost the habit to share the public space. In particular, Pérez-Nuñezet al. (2014) identify such design as a significant risk factor in Mexico. According to these authors, both users of motorized vehicles andpedestrians do not behave safely by invading the space made for other users, or on the contrary, by not using the often-inadequate infrastructure that is intended for them. ITDP Mexico, an international NGO that promotes policies for safe and sustainable urban mobility in the country, implemented successful temporary interventions of tactical urbanism to draw the attention of authorities on the vulnerability of pedestrians and children in particular. The interventions were led in intersections close to schools which were identified as presenting high levels of risks for pedestrians. Specifically, road cones and other temporary materials were used so as to reduce the lane widths of vehicles and the crossing distance of pedestrians with, in turn, the goal of improving the comfort and protection of pedestrians in the area (see fig. 1).
Figure 1.Effects of the intervention "Camina" on the road space (2015)
During these tactical urbanism interventions, children and their parents on their way to and from the school were interviewed, so as to document their perceptions on the new design of the street. In the vast majority of cases, children expressed in their own words that they were indeed feeling safer when walking to school. Overall, these experiences have proved the effectiveness of tactical urbanism in making the issue of children security in the streets more visible to citizens and authorities in Mexico City (see fig. 2).
Reference: Leal, A. and Viramontes, Y. (2015). # Camina La Roma por buenos diseños peatonales. Transeúnte. [Online] 1st April. Available from: http://transeunte.org/articulos/de-la-redaccion/camina-la-roma-por-buenos-disenos-peatonales/ [Accessed: 1st April 2015]. Mexico. Secretariado Técnico Consejo Nacional para la Prevención de Accidentes (2014). Informe sobre la situación de la seguridad vial, México 2014. México, D.F.: Secretaría de Salud. Available from: http://conapra.salud.gob.mx/Interior/Documentos/Informe_Nacional.pdf [Accessed: 1st April 2015].
Pérez-Nuñez, R., Hijar, M., Celis, A. and Hidalgo-Solórzano, E. (2014). El estado de las lesiones causadas por el tránsito en México: evidencias para fortalecer la estrategia mexicana de seguridad vial. Cad. SaúdePública. 30(5). P.911-925. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csp/v30n5/0102-311X-csp-30-5-0911.pdf [Accessed: 1st April 2015]. Figure 1. Medina, S. (2015).Effects of the intervention “Camina” on the road space. Available from: http://transeunte.org/articulos/de-la-redaccion/camina-la-roma-por-buenos-disenos-peatonales/attachment/op4-horizontal-imagen-con-y-sin-intervencion-30-de-marzo/ [Accessed: 6th April 2015]. Figure 2. Medina, S. (2015). Child and mother share their opinion on the design of the road. Available from: http://transeunte.org/mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/4.jpg [Accessed: 6th April 2015].
Road Traffic Injuries and Initiatives taken for safety of children
Rescue 1122 first trained emergency service in Pakistan, dealing with different emergencies like road traffic accidents, building collapse incidents, hazardous material incidents, bomb blast incidents and disaster caused by natural hazards. The Emergency Service has rescued over 3.2 millions victims in the Province Punjab which is the largest
province of Pakistan since its inception October 2004 and maintained 7 minutes average response time in all over Punjab. The Emergency Service has set an example of Emergency Management by providing swift response and professional handling of all emergencies particularly road traffic crashes. The data shows that Rescue Service responded 2778806 of different emergencies since it has been established and out of them 1046048 were road traffic crashes, which are almost half of rest emergencies dealt by the Service. Pakistan is a country where people use Motorbikes, Cars, Buses/ Coaches, Trucks, Vans, Rickshaws and Taxi for their travel and according to Emergency Service data from October 2004 to March 2015 it has been found that out of reported vehicles rod traffic accidents and dealt 679925 were Bikes accidents, 161525 were cars accidents, 19589 were trucks accidents,37701 were vans accidents, 124831 were Rickshaws accidents and 116768 were miscellaneous accidents. The data highlights different age groups found in the victim categories, The Rescue 1122 rescued 67252 victims of (1 to 10 years), 287890 victims of (11 to 20 years), 386772 victims of (21 to 30 years), 244986 victims of (31 to 40 years), 138422 victims of (41 to 50 years), 71280 victims of (51 to 60 years) and 47088 victims were above 60 years.
It is pertained to mention that emergency service provided swift response to road traffic accidents and rescued victims including children in professionalmanners. Besides that Emergency Service started different programs to sensitized children about road traffic crashed, and different emergencies and importance of emergency number. The Service facilitated school administration to bring children at Rescue Station for physical orientation of Emergency Service use of Emergency contact number and role of them in such case of emergencies. The Emergency Service Rescue 1122 in District Rawalpindi tool initiated to train teachers from public and private schools on basic life support first aid and fire safety which includes sensitized on road crashes injuries, preventive measures and role of children in
such incidents. Besides that children’s have gone through demonstration of life saving
skills and visit to Emergency Service have also been arranged. (Pictorial record is attached here with). Teachers training, sensitization is actual effort for children knowledge and practical demonstration to create awareness in young mind towards safety culture through grass roots levels.
Another dimension of children sensitization is being address through awareness and training campaign in school that children misuse emergency numbers as it is toll free number so through these campaign they are told that misuse of emergency number keep emergency number busy at that time there is possibility of road crashes victims could not get access of emergency services because of their unnecessary use and victim can die because of irresponsible act. So it is highly important to understand the importance of Emergency Services, who are dealing more than half of total emergencies of road traffic crashes daily and saving lives due to timely help.
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An application of an extended Theory of Planned Behavior to
understand drivers' intention to comply withthe school zone speed limit
in Malaysia
Suhaila Abdul Hanan, PhD Coordinator Program BBA Logistics & Transportation School of Technology Management and Logistics Email: [email protected]
In Malaysia, particularly in the school zones, although the fatality numbers are low and many countermeasures have been implemented (e.g., speed limit signage, school zone signage, and traffic calming), evidence indicated that Malaysiahas problem with drivers who are not complying with the school zone speed limit (SZSL) (e.g., Abdul Manan et. al, 2010). Such evidence raises questions about why drivers are not complying with the SZSL, given the highly vulnerable road users, children, who are likely to be in the area. Thus, this research attempted to examine the psychosocial factors that influence drivers’ intention to comply with the school zone speed limit (SZSL) in Malaysia. In addition to the standard Theory of Planned Behavior variables (i.e., attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control), the study included two additional variables of habit and mindfulness. Mixed method approach was used to obtain information and data in relation to driver intention to comply in school zones. Study 1 was a belief elicitation study and Study 2 was a survey. Both studies were conducted in Kedah, Malaysia. Together, the findings of the Study 1 and Study 2 indicated that the presence of school children may increase drivers’ intention to comply with the SZSL. In addition, the presence of a crossing supervisor and motorcyclists, the existence of school zone signage and drivers’ knowledge of school day scheduling were also found to predict drivers’ intention to comply in this area. Collectively, these findings suggest that Malaysian drivers may require more visible and noticeable features to draw their attention to being in a school zone and to facilitate their compliance with the SZSL. These research findings suggest that the visibility of school zones could be enhanced with the use of more noticeable traffic control devices such as flashing lights, speed humps and pavement treatments at entry to a school zone. In addition, the presence of crossing supervisors could improve drivers’ compliance as it increases the visibility of school zones, thus, strengthen drivers’ awareness that they are approaching or going through a school zone.
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We welcome our new partners to RTIRN
Brazil Saldanha Raphael
Cameroon Takougang Innocent
Egypt Saleh Mohamed Hassan Haitham
Ethiopia Aragaw Bimrew Mesganaw
Ghana Densu Solomon
India Murukutla Nandita
Iran Khanjani Narges, Karimi Zarchi Ali Akbar, Neda Dolatkhah, Najafifar
Rahimeh, Sarani Moslem, Shamsadiny Mohammad, Amir Reza
Nabipour, Razzaghi Alireza
Iraq Abdulmajeed Ghasan Sohaib
Libya Bodalal Zuhir
Mexico Herrera Gonzalez Mario Csar, Cant Jorge, Enriquez Josefina, Cruz
LpezRen, Villagmez Espinosa Juan Carlos
New Zealand Brookland Rebecca
Nigeria Lawal Babatunde Razaq, Okiti Uzoma
Qatar Hamouda Abdel Magid
Sri Lanka Tennakoon Varuni, Senevirathna Udana Daranda Kuburegedara
Thailand Thaw Win
USA Mowafi Hani, Grant Timothy
Vietnam Vu Bao Hong, Nguyen Trung Kien
Zimbabwe Gwisai Tapiwanashe
Public
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Publications
Ivers R. Too many children are dying on the world's roads. http://www.smh.com.au/comment/too-many-children-are-dying-on-the-worlds-roads-20150507-ggw0g9.html
Keay L, Brown J, Hunter K, Ivers R. Adopting child restraint laws to address child passenger injuries: Experience from high income countries and new initiatives in low and middle income countries. Injury 2015; 46:933-934.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26003092 Dinh MM, Kastelein C, Hopkins R, Royle TJ, Bein KJ, Chalkley DR, Ivers R.Emerg Med Australas. 2015 May 4. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.12407. [Epub ahead of print]PMID:25939667, Mechanisms, injuries and helmet use in cyclists presenting to an inner city emergency department.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25939667 Duan L, Deng X, Wang Y, Wu C, Jiang W, He S, Wang L, Hyder AA.Injury. 2015 Apr;46(4):572-9. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.12.013. Epub 2014 Dec 17.PMID:25576399, The National Injury Surveillance System in China: a six-year review.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25576399
Sherry MK, Mossallam M, Mulligan M, Hyder AA, Bishai D.Inj Prev. 2015 Apr;21(e1):e10-4. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2013-040923. Epub 2013 Dec 3.PMID:24302480, Rates of intentionally caused and road crash deaths of US citizens abroad.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24302480
Hunter K, Keay L, Simpson JM, Brown J, Bilston LE, Fegan M, Cosgrove L, Stevenson M, Ivers RQ.Am J Public Health. 2015 Mar;105(3):584-90. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302308. Epub 2015 Jan 20.PMID:25602901,Program fidelity measures associated with an effective child restraint program: Buckle-Up Safely.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25602901
Bhalla K, Paichadze N, Gupta S, Kliavin V, Gritsenko E, Bishai D, Hyder AA.Inj Prev. 2015 Feb;21(1):53-6. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041189. Epub 2014 Jul 22.PMID:25052496, Rapid assessment of road safety policy change: relaxation of the national speed enforcement law in Russia leads to large increases in the prevalence of speeding
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25052496
de Rome L, Boufous S, Georgeson T, Senserrick T, Ivers R.Accid Anal Prev. 2014 Dec;73:392-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.09.022. Epub 2014 Oct 10.PMID:25305805, Cyclists' clothing and reduced risk of injury in crashes.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305805
McGreevy J, Stevens KA, EkekeMonono M, EtoundiMballa GA, KouoNgamby M, Hyder AA, Juillard C. Injury. 2014 Nov;45(11):1687-92. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.05.001. Epub 2014 Jun 16.PMID:24998038Road traffic injuries in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A hospital-based pilot surveillance study. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24998038
RTIRN International Workshop: Hanoi March 17-18, 2015
An international workshop on Road Traffic Injury Research was organized by RTIRN in Hanoi,
Vietnam from March 17-18, 2015. In this workshop the grantees from small grant program of
RTIRN hadthe opportunity to both present their research and work with board members and
grantees to develop research papers for publication in peer reviewed journals.
As part of the Road Traffic Injuries Research Network capacity development activities, a
two-day international workshop was organized for the 10grantees from countries such
as Sri Lanka, India, Gambia, Cameroon, Uganda, Tanzania, South Africa and Bangladesh.
Thanks to the financial support byGlobal Road Safety Facility from the World Bank
through FundacionEntornos A.C – we are grateful for your support. This workshop was
an opportunity to release the research results of road traffic injury studies and to initiate
the topics and plan for publication in injury prevention journals.
The workshop provided a great opportunity for participants to learn, exchange
knowledge and experiences, and facilitated feedback from other attendees. With this
workshop RTIRN continues its efforts to improve road traffic control capacity in Low and
Middle Income Countries and to provide platforms to encourage the participation and
networking amongst health practitioners and researchers working in the field of road
traffic injury prevention and control.
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New Website!
Dear friends and colleagues, Thanks for your visiting RTIRN website recently and contact with us via RTIRN email system. We designed a new website with new technology and more convenience. We hope that you continue visit the website and suggest to your friends and partners. Enjoy the new website at www.rtirn.net and we are pleased to receive your feedbacks and comments. Thank you so much!
To become a partner of network, please visit our website at www.rtirn.net For further inquiries, please contact: Cuong Pham V RTIRN Secretary 2014-2016 Center for Injury Policy and Prevention Research, Hanoi School of Public Health, Address: 138 Giang Vo Stress, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi City, Vietnam Tel. (84) 0462662325 E mail: [email protected]
