Rutayisire K. Aristide's Presentation on Trauma_ Freiburg University

8/14/2019 Rutayisire K. Aristide's Presentation on Trauma_ Freiburg University

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22CopyrightCopyright RUTAYISIRE KIBAKI AristideRUTAYISIRE KIBAKI Aristide


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RwandaRwandaTo cope with Trauma afterTo cope with Trauma after

genocidegenocide

Case of womenCase of women

RUTAYISRE K. ARISTIDE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA/ FSSPA SOCIAL WORKDPRT

& UNIVERSITY OF KIBUNGO/ CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY DEPRT

TO COPE WITH TRAUMA AFTER GENOCIDE

Conference : Freiburg University May 2008

Freiburg- University,

May 19th, 200833CopyrightCopyright RUTAYISIRE KIBAKI AristideRUTAYISIRE KIBAKI Aristide


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Cope with trauma afterCope with trauma after

genocide 1994 in Rwandagenocide 1994 in RwandaCase of widows and orphansCase of widows and orphans

Rutayisire K. AristideRutayisire K. AristideFreiburg May, Monday on 19thFreiburg May, Monday on 19th

20082008



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Trauma HealingTrauma Healing

Trauma:Trauma:

Those who have experienced hardship and suffering often experienceThose who have experienced hardship and suffering often experiencelasting trauma from the experience. Traumatic events canlasting trauma from the experience. Traumatic events canfundamentally change not only victims' way of life, but also theirfundamentally change not only victims' way of life, but also theirpsychological outlook.psychological outlook.

This is equally true for natural disasters such as earthquakes andThis is equally true for natural disasters such as earthquakes andfloods as it is for man-made catastrophes offloods as it is for man-made catastrophes ofterrorismterrorism andand warwar..

Man-made trauma, however, is often more difficult to deal with,Man-made trauma, however, is often more difficult to deal with,

because frequently the perpetrators still live in close proximity tobecause frequently the perpetrators still live in close proximity to

victims -- thereby providing constant reminders of the past, asvictims -- thereby providing constant reminders of the past, aswell as thewell as the threat of further incidentsthreat of further incidents. Even if the immediate. Even if the immediatesource of the trauma is removed, time does not necessarily healsource of the trauma is removed, time does not necessarily healall wounds. The survivor may, in fact, continue to suffer, to appearall wounds. The survivor may, in fact, continue to suffer, to appear"frozen in time." With conflict remaining an unfortunately common"frozen in time." With conflict remaining an unfortunately commonreality for many, techniques have emerged to help trauma victimsreality for many, techniques have emerged to help trauma victimsinterpret and heal from their experience.interpret and heal from their experience.

http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/terrorism/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/terrorism/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/war_unequal_power/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/war_unequal_power/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/fear/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/fear/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/fear/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/war_unequal_power/http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/terrorism/


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Genocide in RwandaGenocide in Rwanda

During the months of April to JulyDuring the months of April to July1994, between 500,000 and one1994, between 500,000 and one

million Rwandan men, women andmillion Rwandan men, women andchildren were slaughtered in achildren were slaughtered in a

genocide of the Tutsis and ingenocide of the Tutsis and in

massacres of moderate Hutu ?? whomassacres of moderate Hutu ?? whowere willing to work with Tutsi.were willing to work with Tutsi.



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The rest of bodies of the manThe rest of bodies of the man

killed in genocide 1994killed in genocide 1994

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Rwandan_Genocide_Murambi_skulls.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/MURAN.gif


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contextcontext

The 1994 genocide in Rwanda led to theThe 1994 genocide in Rwanda led to theloss of at least 10% of the country's 7.7loss of at least 10% of the country's 7.7million inhabitants, themillion inhabitants, the

destruction of much of the country'sdestruction of much of the country'sinfrastructure, and the displacement ofinfrastructure, and the displacement ofnearly 4 million people.nearly 4 million people.

In seeking to rebuild societies such asIn seeking to rebuild societies such as

Rwanda, it is important to understand howRwanda, it is important to understand howtraumatic experience may shape thetraumatic experience may shape theability of individuals and groups toability of individuals and groups torespond to judicial and other reconciliationrespond to judicial and other reconciliationinitiatives.initiatives.



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What is Trauma?What is Trauma?

Individuals can suffer trauma in a variety of waysIndividuals can suffer trauma in a variety of waysand for a variety of reasons. Trauma sufferersand for a variety of reasons. Trauma sufferersmay themselves have seen their homes ormay themselves have seen their homes orcommunities destroyed or be victims of physicalcommunities destroyed or be victims of physical

abuse such as rape, torture, or other violence.abuse such as rape, torture, or other violence.Trauma can also be induced by serious threat orTrauma can also be induced by serious threat orharm to loved ones.harm to loved ones.

Individuals are often unable to cope with theseIndividuals are often unable to cope with theseextreme events, consequently inhibiting bothextreme events, consequently inhibiting both

their ability to carry on with life and to function intheir ability to carry on with life and to function insociety.society.

Trauma can have a range of differentTrauma can have a range of differentcognitive, emotional, physical, andcognitive, emotional, physical, andbehavioral effects on individuals.behavioral effects on individuals.



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Cognitive responsesCognitive responses

include memory difficulties, lack ofinclude memory difficulties, lack ofconcentration, poor judgment,concentration, poor judgment,

inability to discriminate, and inabilityinability to discriminate, and inabilityto make choices.to make choices.



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Physical responsesPhysical responses

include stomach pains, tightness ofinclude stomach pains, tightness ofthe chest, headaches, perspiration,the chest, headaches, perspiration,

and psychosomatic complaints.and psychosomatic complaints.



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Behavioral responsesBehavioral responses

include irritability, startling easily,include irritability, startling easily,hyper-alertness, insomnia,hyper-alertness, insomnia,

communication difficulties, and drug,communication difficulties, and drug,cigarette, or alcohol abuse.cigarette, or alcohol abuse.



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Incidents criticsIncidents critics



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How to help thoseHow to help those

persons??persons??



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Just show them affectionJust show them affection

and help them to cop withand help them to cop with

traumatrauma



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Just take time & understandJust take time & understand

themthemPsychological restoration and healing can only occurthrough providing the space for survivors to feel heard

and for every detail of the traumatic event to be re-

experienced in a safe environment."



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Who is suppose to doWho is suppose to do

that???that???The psychologist first of all becauseThe psychologist first of all because

this is their jobthis is their job

The politician as to achieve someThe politician as to achieve someobjectives such as unit andobjectives such as unit and

reconciliationreconciliation

The local governmentThe local government EveryonesEveryones



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ToTo overstepoverstep their problemstheir problems

and continue living positivelyand continue living positively

2424CopyrightCopyright RUTAYISIRE KIBAKIRUTAYISIRE KIBAKIAristideAristide
http://dictionnaire.tv5.org/dictionnaires.asp?Action=5&Mot=overstep&Alea=5603http://dictionnaire.tv5.org/dictionnaires.asp?Action=5&Mot=overstep&Alea=5603http://dictionnaire.tv5.org/dictionnaires.asp?Action=5&Mot=overstep&Alea=5603


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Danke bitteDanke bitte

Und alles gute!!!Und alles gute!!!


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Rutayisire K. Aristide's Presentation on Trauma_ Freiburg University

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