RuVasa...Previous disease reports can be seen on the RuVASA website Click on Disease Reports The...

Previous disease reports can be seen on the RuVASA website www.ruvasa.co.za

Click on Disease Reports

The following practices and laboratories (113) submitted reports during June 2017:

Mpumalanga (12)

Balfour – Dr. Louis van Jaarsveld

Bethal – Dr. Hardus Pieters

Delmas –Drs. Du Plessis and Ferreira

Ermelo – Drs. Potgieter and Steinberg

Grootvlei – Dr. Neels van Wyk

Karino – Dr. Silke Pfitzer

Lydenburg – Drs. Trümpelmann and Steyn

Middelburg – Malan, Erasmus and Bernitz

Nelspruit – Dr. André Beytell

Piet Retief – Drs. Niebuhr and Weber

Standerton – Dr. Kobie Kroon

Volksrust – Drs. Watson, Solomon and Scheepers

Gauteng (5)

Magaliesburg – Dr. Ryan Jeffery

Nigel – Dr. Cindy van der Westhuizen

Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital - Proff. Annandale, Prozesky, Shakespear, Holm and

Esposito, Gratwick, Hamman and O’Dell

Pretoria – Dr. Hanneke Pienaar

Vanderbijlpark – Dr. Kobus Kok

Limpopo (5)

Lephalale (Ellisras) – Dr. Brigitte Luck

Makhado – Drs. Harris, Klopper and Jacobs

Mokopane (Potgietersrus) - Dr. Henk Visser

Polokwane (Pietersburg) – Drs. Watson, Viljoen, Jansen Van Vuuren, Van Rooyen, Snyman and

Cremona

Vaalwater – Dr. Hampie van Staden

Monthly report on livestock disease trends as informally

reported by veterinarians belonging to the Ruminant

Veterinary Association of South Africa (RuVASA), a group of the

South African Veterinary Association

June 2017

http://www.ruvasa.co.za/

Vaalwater – Dr. Annemieke van der Goot

North West (7)

Brits – Drs. Boshoff and Coertze

Christiana - Dr. Pieter Nel

Klerksdorp – Drs. Theron, Van den Berg, Van den Berg and Geral

Lichtenburg – Dr. Nelmarie-Krüger Rall

Stella - Dr. Magdaleen Vosser

Ventersdorp/ Koster – Drs. Marais and Benadé

Vryburg – Dr. Jurie Kritzinger

Free State (28)

Bethlehem – Dr. Strydom and Strydom

Bethlehem – Dr. J.C. du Plessis

Bothaville – Dr. Johan Blaauw

Bultfontein – Dr. Santjie Pieterse

Clocolan – Drs. Wasserman and Basson

Dewetsdorp – Dr. Marike Badenhorst

Excelsior – Dr. Deidré Nel

Ficksburg – Drs. Kotze and Coetzer

Frankfort - Drs. Lessing, Cilliers and Janse van Rensburg

Gariep Dam – Dr. Marni Strauss

Hertzogville - Dr. Nico Hendrikz

Hoopstad – Dr. Kobus Pretorius

Kroonstad – Drs. Daffue, Eksteen, Van Zyl and Van der Walt

Ladybrand - Dr. De Vos

Memel – Drs. Nixon and Nixon

Parys – Drs. Wessels and Wessels

Philippolis – Dr. Stephan van Niekerk

Reitz - Dr. Murray Smith

Reitz – Dr. Schabort Froneman

Senekal – Dr. Jan Blignaut

Smithfield – Dr. Nienke van Hasselt

Trompsburg – Dr. Wyn Irwin

Viljoenskroon - Dr. Johan Kahts

Villiers – Drs. Hattingh and Hauptfleisch

Vrede – Drs. Bester - Cloete and Fourie

Wesselsbron – Dr. Johan Jacobs

Winburg – Drs. Albertyn and Albertyn

Zastron – Drs. Troskie and Strauss

KwaZulu-Natal (14)

Bergville - Dr. Ariena Shepherd

Bergville – Dr. Jubie Muller

Camperdown – Dr. Anthony van Tonder

Dundee – Drs. Marais and Fynn

Dundee – Dr. Paul Reynolds

Estcourt – Drs.Turner, Tedder, Taylor, Tratschler, Van Rooyen and Alwar

Howick – Drs. Hughes, Lund, Gordon, Allison and Taylor

Kokstad - Drs. Clowes and Shrives

Mooi River – Drs. Fowler, Hartley, Alexander and Reisinger

Mtubatuba – Dr. Trever Viljoen

Pietermaritzburg – Dr. Phillip Kretzmann

Pongola – Dr. Heinz Kohrs

Underberg - Drs. Collins, King and Delaney

Vryheid – Drs.Theron and Theron

Eastern Cape (14)

Alexandria - Drs. Olivier and Dreyer

Aliwal North – Drs. Troskie and Strauss

Bathurst – Dr. Jane Pistorius

Cradock – Dr. Frans Erasmus

Graaff- Reinet - Dr. Roland Larson

Humansdorp – Drs. Van Niekerk and Janse Van Vuuren

Jeffreys Bay – Drs. Hoek and Lategan

Kareedouw – Dr. Martin Bootsma

Middelburg/Steynsburg – Drs. Van Rooyen and Viljoen

Port Alfred – Dr. Leon de Bruyn

Queenstown – Drs. Du Preez, Godley, Klopper, Jansen van Vuuren, De Klerk and Catherine

Stutterheim - Dr. Dave Waterman

Uitenhage – Drs. Mulder and Krüger

Witelsbos – Dr. Elmien Kotzé

Western Cape (14)

Beaufort West - Drs. Pienaar and Grobler

Caledon – Drs. Retief, Coetzer, Jansen and Woudstra

Caledon – Drs. Louw and Viljoen

Darling – Drs. Van der Merwe, Adam and Senekal

George - Drs. Strydom, Truter and Pettifer

Heidelberg – Dr. Albert van Zyl

Malmesbury – Dr. Otto Kriek

Malmesbury – Dr. Markus Fourie

Piketberg – Dr. André van der Merwe

Plettenberg Bay – Dr. André Reitz

Stellenbosch – Dr. Alfred Kidd

Swellendam – Drs. Malan

Vredenburg – Dr. Izak Rust

Wellington – Drs. Van Zyl and Louw

Northern Cape (6)

Calvinia – Dr. Bertus Nel

Colesberg – Drs. Rous and Rous

Kathu – Dr. Jan Vorster

Kimberley – Drs. Van Heerden and Swart

Postmasburg – Dr. Boeta van der Westhuizen

Upington – Drs. Vorster and Visser

Feedlots (2)

Dr. Andy Hentzen

Drs. Morris and Du Preez

Laboratory reports (6)

Dr. Marijke Henton - Vetdiagnostix, Johannesburg

Dr. Alan Fisher – Queenstown Provincial laboratory

Dr. Rick Last – Vetdiagnostix, Pietermaritzburg

Dr. Liza du Plessis – Idexx, Onderstepoort

Dr. Lucy Lange – Pathcare, Cape Town

George - Deltamune

Key Message The key message this month is: VACCINATE YOUR HEIFERS WITH BRUCELLA STRAIN 19 OR RB51 VACCINES

I recently had to break the news to a commercial beef cattle farmer that 41% of his breeding herd

(or 44% of his cows) or 56/126 cows are infected with Brucellosis on serology. (His 9 bulls were

negative). Blood samples were taken after Brucella abortus type 1 was identified from a foetus. 11

Cows had aborted when I tested the herd last week.

The herd was not vaccinated. The neighbouring small farmer’s cattle tested negative for Brucellosis.

When vaccination programmes are drawn up for any cattle herd please do not forget to include

Brucella vaccinations first and foremost on the list of necessary vaccinations for heifers and/or cows.

Heifer calves between the ages of 4-8 months: Strain 19 used only once. If Strain 19 is not available

use RB51.

Heifers and cows older than 8 months only with RB51, do not vaccinate pregnant cows as they may

abort.

This is what happened in an unvaccinated Jersey herd after it became infected with brucellosis

Monthly testing

In the first test 1120 cattle were sampled for brucellosis. The peak in the graph (month 9)

represents 216 positive cattle. The number of total cattle slaughtered as a result of brucellosis in this

herd is 904 cattle. When brucellosis was ravaging through this herd, the number of cows in the herd

dropped to 549. Fortunately the farmer was very compliant and cooperated well and as you can see

from the results that he is almost free of brucellosis.

Strick management, the use of RB51 and frequent testing resulted in the relatively quick eradication

of brucellosis from this herd. Had vaccination been used in heifer calves we would probably have

seen a less dramatic picture.

So please, I beg of you, add Brucella vaccination to your list of compulsory vaccinations.

Regards,

Dr Sewellyn Davey

State Veterinarian Malmesbury

Veterinary Services: Animal Health

Department of Agriculture

Western Cape Government

E-mail: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

One dozen things you must know about bovine brucellosis

Brucellosis is not a simple disease and can destroy the productivity of your herd. Here are

one dozen things that you must know about this disease.

1. Brucellosis is a Controlled Animal Disease in terms of the Animal Diseases Act, and there is

no treatment to cure it in cattle.

2. It is a herd disease. Thus, if one animal in the herd is infected the whole herd must be

considered as potentially infected.

3. It is compulsory by law to vaccinate all heifers against brucellosis with a registered vaccine.

The available vaccines are S19 (OBP) or RB51 (MSD), see table 2 of the Animal Diseases

Regulations. Vaccination helps protect your herd from disease, reduces the spread of the

disease and decreases the number of abortions.

4. The S19 vaccine may only be administered once in heifer calves between 4 and 8 months of

age. If S19 is used at an older age the animal may persistently test positive on blood tests,

causing confusion about the animal’s disease status. The RB51 vaccine may be administered

to non-pregnant heifers and cows at any age as it will not cause positive blood test results.

Do not vaccinate bulls with S19 or RB51 as they may become sterile.

5. Pregnant heifers and cows infected with brucellosis may abort, resulting in reduced

production in terms of calves weaned, milk yield, prolonged inter-calving intervals.

6. Cows and heifers infected with brucellosis often look healthy, which is misleading! If these

animals remain in the herd, they continue to silently spread the infection which will cause

severe economic and production losses.

7. The most important mode of transmission is when an infected animal calves normally or has

an abortion, as this process releases millions of bacteria into the environment that can easily

infect other cattle.

8. Heifers that were born from infected cows often test negative before they have calved and

only test positive after their first calf is born. Newly bought-in heifers pose a high risk and

should ideally be kept separate from the rest of the herd until they have calved and have

tested brucellosis negative.

9. People can become infected with brucellosis by drinking unpasteurised milk, slaughtering an

infected cow and handling infected birth material and aborted foetuses (calves). Human

symptoms are flu-like with fever, headache and body aches. If a diagnosis is not made and

appropriate treatment taken, it can become a chronic illness that continuously relapses.

Meat from infected animals slaughtered at certified abattoirs is safe for human

consumption.

10. Brucella bacteria can also be spread through run-off water from infected neighbouring

farms. Predators such as roaming dogs, jackals and crows may carry infected material

(aborted foetus and afterbirths) between farms. Flies that feed on infected material may

spread the bacteria mechanically when sitting on the mucous membranes of animals.

11. Owners are responsible for the health of their animals and may be prosecuted under the

Animal Diseases Act and the Consumer Protection Act if they propagate the spreading of

brucellosis.

12. The only person who can protect your cattle herd against brucellosis is YOU! When you are

buying cattle, insist on vaccination records and recent negative herd tests of the farm of

origin. The seller must be able to declare that the cattle are vaccinated and the herd of

origin tested negative for brucellosis. The seller should be able to provide proof of regular

negative herd tests results. It is always advisable to isolate any cattle bought into the herd

for biosecurity reasons; to test for different diseases, to get vaccinations up to date and to

treat against internal and external parasites.

For further information, please contact your state or private veterinarian.

Visit the website of the National Animal Health Forum The website of the National Animal Health Forum (NAHF) is now operational. www.nahf.co.za Read what the Forum is all about: http://nahf.co.za/about/ This website will become the information centre of animal health in Southern Africa. On the toolbar click on Stakeholders and you will find links to producer organizations and other organizations who are participating in the NAHF http://nahf.co.za/stakeholders/ Provincial Animal Health Forums have their own site – click on Provinces http://nahf.co.za/provinces/ Important is to study the Veterinary Strategy (2016 -2026) as it gives direction to where we are going with Animal Health in South Africa. http://nahf.co.za/wp-content/uploads/Vet-strategy-final-signed.pdf

http://www.nahf.co.za/http://nahf.co.za/about/http://nahf.co.za/stakeholders/http://nahf.co.za/provinces/http://nahf.co.za/wp-content/uploads/Vet-strategy-final-signed.pdf

Click on Info centre for more information on the “war” we have against Bovine Brucellosis. Please be up to date on the role all have to play to control this zoonotic disease. http://nahf.co.za/category/diseases/brucellosis/ Information on other controlled diseases (Ovine Johne’s Disease, Pest of small stock – PPR, and African Horse Sickness)is available This link will continuously be updated. Information on antibiotic resistance is also available at this address: http://nahf.co.za/category/antibiotic-resistance/ Better relationships are being built between the State Veterinary departments and the private

sector.

For additional information on Brucellosis in Afrikaans go to the following website:

Besoek ook www.landbou.com

Klik op Indeks van antwoorde

Klik op Beeste

Klik op Siektes

Klik op Brusellose

Klik op die verskillende antwoorde

Live the slogan so that we ALL can be part of controlling bovine brucellosis!

V = Vaccinate

E = Educate

T = Test

Summary of disease report for June 2017

113 Reports from veterinary practices and laboratories were received (Mpumalanga (MP) 12;

Gauteng (G) 5; Limpopo (L) 5; North West (NW) 7 Free State (FS) 28; KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) 14;

Eastern Cape (EC) 14; Western Cape (WC) 14; Northern Cape (NC)6; Feedlots (FL) 2 and Laboratories

(Lab) 6).

Internal parasites

The following reports were received from practices regarding internal parasite infestations:

Internal parasites MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Roundworms x x x x x x x x x

Resistant roundworms x x x x x

Wireworm x x x x x x

Brown stomach-worm x x

Long-necked bankruptworm

Large-mouthed bowelworm

http://nahf.co.za/category/diseases/brucellosis/http://nahf.co.za/category/antibiotic-resistance/http://www.landbou.com/

Nodularworm x x

Lungworm

Eyeworm

Parafilaria x

Tapeworms x x x x x x x

Liver fluke x x x x x x

Conical fluke x x x x x x

Cysticercosis (measles) x x x x

Schistosomiasis (bilharzia)

Coccidiosis x x x x x x

Cryptosporidiosis x x

There is a perception that parasites are dormant in the winter. From the table above it is not the

case. Use the five point check to keep on top of what is happening in the flock. For further detail

contact your local veterinarian.

External parasites

The following reports were received from practices regarding external parasite infestations:

External parasites MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Blue ticks x x x x x x

Resistant blue ticks x x

Heartwater ticks x x x x x

Brown ear-ticks x x x x

Bont-legged ticks x x x x x x x

Red-legged ticks x x x

Paralysis ticks x

Tampans

Biting lice x x x x x x

Sucking lice x x x

Itch mites

Sheep scab x x x x

Mange mites

Nuisance flies x x x

Midges x x

Mosquitoes

Blowflies x x x

Screw-worm

Gedoelstia (uitpeuloogsiekte)

Nasal bot x x x

In the cooler months the larval and nymphal stages of the multi-host ticks are more prevalent.

These stages often attach in the ears of animals. In areas where brown ear-ticks are present a

winter dipping is advocated to control these stages.

Blue tick resistance to drug groups is on the increase – ask your veterinarian to assist you with

information so as to minimize the chances of selecting blue ticks for resistance. Biosecurity is of

utmost importance when buying in animals.

Tick borne diseases

The following tick borne diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Tick borne diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

African red water x x x x x

Asiatic red water x x x x x x x x

Anaplasmosis x x x x x x

Heartwater x x

Lumpy skin disease x x x x x x x x x

Corridor disease

Theileriosis

The best time to vaccinate cattle against Asiatic red water is during the winter months. Visit your

veterinarian to discuss your vaccination programme and order vacines in time.

The following tick toxicosis was reported by practices in the provinces:

Tick toxicosis MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Sweating sickness x x

Insect transmittable diseases

The following insect transmittable diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Insect transmittable diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Lumpy skin disease x x x x x x x x x

Ephemeral fever (Three day stiff sickness) x x

Blue tongue

Rift Valley Fever

Wesselsbron

Nagana

After the first frost insect transmitted diseases usually decline as is seen in the table above. The

reason why lumpy skin disease outbreaks are still reported is that this disease is also transmitted

by ticks. Now is the time to order vaccines for the next rainy season to control these diseases.

Venerial diseases

The following venereal diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Venereal diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Trichomonosis x x x x x

Vibriosis x x x x x

Pizzle disease x

Actinobacillus seminis

New cases of trichomonosis are reported every month and this disease is out of control. Make sure

to buy bulls from farmers where biosecurity measures are in place and bulls are tested for these

diseases at regular intervals.

Make sure that fences are in tact and gates closed so that bulls cannot escape to neighbouring cows

that may be infected with Tritrichomonas and become infected or infected neighbouring bulls are

jumping fences.

Cattle study groups should discuss preventative and control measures with their veterinarians. Be

sure to test bulls regularly for these diseases.

Beware when buying in or sharing bulls! Remember female animals may also be infected.

Study the Good management SOP’s for cattle farmers as is on the RPO website

http://www.rpo.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/nuutRPO-NERPO-Code-Addendum.pdf

http://www.rpo.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/nuutRPO-NERPO-Code-Addendum-4-Good-

management-practices-and-SOPs-for-cattle-farmers-1.pdf

Bacterial diseases

The following bacterial diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Bacterial diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Anthrax

Blackquarter x x x x x x

Botulism x

Pulpy kidney x x x x x x

Lamb dysentery

Swelled head x

Red gut (cattle) x x x

Blood gut (sheep) x x x x x

Tetanus x

Salmonellosis x x

Bovine brucellosis x x x x x

Ovine brucellosis (Ram’s disease) x x x

Actinobacillus seminis

Bovine tuberculosis x

Johne’s x

Leptospirosis

Listeriosis x

Pseudomonas

http://www.rpo.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/nuutRPO-NERPO-Code-Addendum.pdfhttp://www.rpo.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/nuutRPO-NERPO-Code-Addendum-4-Good-management-practices-and-SOPs-for-cattle-farmers-1.pdfhttp://www.rpo.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/nuutRPO-NERPO-Code-Addendum-4-Good-management-practices-and-SOPs-for-cattle-farmers-1.pdf

Fusibacterium necrophorum x

Septicaemia x x

E. coli x x x x x x x

Enzootic abortion x x x x x

Lumpy wool

Uterine gangrene x

Bovine dermatophilosis (Senkobo disease)

Wooden tongue

Lumpy jaw x

When buying animals this Vendor declaration can help you to minimize risk! VENDOR DECLARATION BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS

I hereby declare that I am the legal owner or authorised representative of the cattle on sale and am

competent to make this declaration

1 The cattle for sale are clearly and permanently identified Yes No

2 The cattle for sale/slaughter were born on my farm Yes No

3 The farm has a closed herd policy i.e. I do not buy in cattle, rent out grazing or speculate with cattle

Yes No

4 I practice bio-security on my farm to a level that is ** Poor Moderate Good

5 I vaccinate my heifer calves against Bovine Brucellosis once between the ages of 4 – 8 months

Yes No

6 In addition I vaccinate my cattle older than 8 months with RB51

Yes No

7 I have all the cattle on my farm tested for Bovine Brucellosis

Yes (date) No

8 My herd has been tested negative within the past year Yes No

9 I did not buy in cattle since my last negative brucellosis test

Yes No

10 I/my vet investigates any abortions on my farm Yes No

11 To the best of my knowledge, my immediate neighbours and farms in my area are free of Bovine Brucellosis

Yes No

12 I use a veterinarian to advise me on my cattle’s herd health

Yes No

13 The cattle handling facilities on my farm are Poor Average Good

Note: Vaccination does not mean freedom from Bovine Brucellosis as cattle can still be carriers

Please attach the most recent Brucella blood test certificate

Owner or authorised representative:…………………………………………………..

Signature:…………………………………………………..

Date:……………………………………….

** * Biosecurity

Poor – speculates with cattle, does not vaccinate, poor fences, cattle come into

contact with other cattle

Medium – Vaccinates heifers, does not buy in cattle of unknown health status

Good – closed herd/never buys in cattle, vaccinates heifers and no contact with other cattle, follows

a herd health plan as advised by his veterinarian, does not allow transport trucks onto property,

washes and disinfects truck after returning from the abattoir or auction grounds.

Compiled by: Dr. Sewellyn Davey, Chairman of the Brucellosis Steering committee of the National

Animal Health Forum

Viral diseases

The following viral diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Viral diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

BMC (snotsiekte) x x x x x x x

Rabies (cattle) x x x

BVD x x

IBR x x x x

BRSV x

PI3

Maedi visna virus

Rotavirus / Coronavirus x

Enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) x x x x

Sheep leucosis

Jaagsiekte x x x x

Orf x x x x x x x

Warts x x x x x

There is no treatment for viral diseases with the result that animals have to be protected by

vaccinations if they are available.

The snotsiekte vaccine is still in the experimental stage.

Discuss vaccination programmes and biosecurity measures with your veterinarian.

Fungal diseases

The following fungal disease was reported by practices in the provinces:

Fungal diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Ringworm x x x x x x x

Protozoal diseases

Protozoal diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Besnoitiosis (olifantsvelsiekte)

Toxicities

The following toxicities were reported by practices in the provinces:

Toxicities MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Cardiac glycoside x

Slangkop

Crotularia

Gifblaar

Gousiekte

Cestrum (ink berry) x x x

Tulip x x x x

Cynanchum (bobbejaantou) x x

Facial eczema

Lantana x x

Prussic acid x x x

Senecio x

Cotula nigellifolia (stagger wood)

Geeldikkop (duwweltjies)

Vermeersiekte x x

Hertia pallens (nenta, krimpsiekte)

Chrysocoma ciliata (bitterbos)

Solanum incanum (maldronksiekte)

Gomphocarpus (Asclepias) fruticosus (milkweed)

Bracken fern

January bush (Gnidia polycephalatus)

Chinkerenchee

Eucalyptus (bloekom) bark

Kikuyu

Ryegrass

Ganskweek

Paspalum staggers

Phalaris aquaticum (Phalaris staggers)

Photosensitivity (Turknael, Erodium moschatum)

Photosensitivity (Stellenbosch)

Lusern

Mycotoxicosis

Diplodiosis

Lupins

Harpuisbos

Syringa berries

Kraalbos, Geelbos

Crotolaria

Radish

Carrot poisoning

Onion poisoning

Bracken fern

Pollen beetle ( Astylus atromaculatus)

Water contamination

Nitrate

Urea x x x

Snake bite x x

Moth cocoons (impaction)

Blue green algae x

Copper x

Selenium

Zinc

Fluoride

Lead

Paraquat

Phosamine

Organophosphate

Zinc phosphide

Pyrethroid

Amitraz

Levamisole

Ivermectin x

Tilmicosin

Ionophor

Hypo

Beware when buying in animals or moving into rested grazing camps as they are the animals

which usually eat toxic plants such as tulp and ink berries (Cestrum).

For further information on treatment of tulp and other poisonings visit:

www.landbou.com

Klik op Indeks van antwoorde

http://www.landbou.com/

Klik op Beeste of Skape

Klik op Vergiftigings

Klik op die Opskrifte

Nutritional deficiencies

The following nutritional deficiencies were reported by practices in the provinces:

Deficiencies MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Energy x x x x x x

Protein x x x x x

Phosphate x

Calcium x x x x x

Micro-nutritional deficiencies

The following micro-nutritional deficiencies were reported by practices in the provinces:

Deficiencies MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Iodine x

Copper x x x

Zinc x

Selenium x x x x

Magnesium x x

Manganese x

Vitamin A x x x x x

Vitamin B 1

There are antagonists such as calcium, iron and sulphur which hamper the uptake of micro-

minerals. Have water and soil samples analysed to see what the levels of these antagonists are.

Arrange with your veterinarian to have liver samples analysed to determine the status of these

micro-minerals in your herd or flock.

Beware of fluoride poisoning as borehole water levels fall.

Supplement animals with vitamin A during drought conditions.

Multifactorial diseases and other conditions

The following conditions were reported by practices in the provinces

Multifactorial diseases and other conditions MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Abortions x x x x x x x

Stillbirths x x x x

Abscesses x x x x x x x x x

Intestinal ulcers

Bladder stones –urolithiasis x

Blindness x x x

Bloat x x x x

Blue udder x x x x x x x

Diarrhoea x x x x x x x

Epididymitis x x

Eye cancer x x x

Eye infections x x x x x x x

Joint ill x x

Lameness/foot problems x x x x x x

Lung infection x x x x x x x x x

Mastitis x x x x x

Navel ill x x x x

Red gut (sheep, torsion of gut) x

Rectal prolaps

Trauma x x x

Teeth wear

Plastic bags (ingestion)

Downer x x x x x

Lung disease is one of the most prevalent diseases during the winter. There are excellent vaccines

available and should be considered.

Discuss the origin, treatment and prevention of these diseases with your veterinarian

Metabolic diseases

The following diseases were reported by practices in the provinces:

Metabolic diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Acidosis x x x x x x

Displaced abomasums x x

Ketosis (Domsiekte) x x x x

Milk fever x x x x x x

Make sure that you adapt animals to feed containing concentrates.

Discuss the etiology, treatment and prevention of these diseases with your veterinarian.

Reproductive diseases

Reproductive diseases MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Dystocia (difficult births) x x x x x x x x x

Endometritis x x x

Hydrops x

Metritis x x x x x x x

Poor conception x x x x x x

Retained afterbirth x x x x x x

Sheath prolaps x x x

Uterine prolaps x x x x x

Vaginal prolaps x x x x x x

Penis injury

Orchitis x

Environmental conditions

MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Exposure to cold x x x x x x x

Frozen to death x

Heat stress

Lightning

Drought x x

Other conditions

MP G L NW FS KZN EC WC NC

Drug residues (milk, meat, liver, kidney etc)

Preditors x x x

Theft x

Traumatic pericarditis (wire in fore stomachs)

x

Trauma (fractures etc) x x

In the CODE OF CONDUCT of the RPO the following standard operating procedures are

documented. The local veterinarian should be your partner to help you achieve the necessary

standards. http://www.rpo.co.za/BestPractices/English.aspx

PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES TO SUPPORT BIO-SECURITY. Precautionary measures are required to protect the herd against diseases acquired because of external contact. The following categories are of concern: 1. DIRECT LIVESTOCK PURCHASES (and own animals returning): The following should be verified before importing new animals into the herd: How long animals have resided at the purchase or previous location? Have there been any recent disease outbreaks in the location? Do brand marks clearly confirm ownership? Was a vaccination program followed (need paper or veterinarian proof). What are the local prevalent external parasites and the routinely implemented control program? Is a veterinarian supported control program against transmittable diseases followed? Dates and sufficient number of tests for reproductive diseases of both male and female Dates and tests for zoonotic diseases The above should also be verified with the purchaser’s own veterinarian.

http://www.rpo.co.za/BestPractices/English.aspx

2. PURCHASES FROM SALES OR SPECULATORS Purchase only in areas which are not in close proximity to scheduled areas Visually inspect the animals before purchasing for: * brand marks * parasite infestation 3. TRANSPORT TO THE FARM Use only reputable transporters Has the truck been cleaned and disinfected? Truck to follow the shortest uninterrupted route Truck to take the shortest route to the handling facilities Do not allow the truck personnel to get in contact with the farm herd 4. ARRIVAL ON THE FARM Off-load the livestock to limit stress and to be visually evaluated for any unnatural conditions. Isolate them from the farm herd and shared facilities for at least 21 days (quarantine) Retest for diseases of concern if needed, before mixing with the rest of the herd Process new arrivals within 24 hrs after arrival (unique ID tag brand, dip, dose, vaccinate) Inspect regularly 5. FEED PURCHASES Ensure bales of hay are sourced from areas that are not bordering scheduled areas Purchase feed from reputable dealers only Avoid buying feed in second hand bags Ensure feed trucks are also disinfected and cleaned, especially if also used to transport animals to abattoirs 6. VISITORS Do not allow strangers or their vehicles amongst the livestock Ensure fences are well maintained and preferably jackal and warthog proof 7. EMPLOYEES Do not allow the employees to eat in feed stores Supply employees with sufficient ablution facilities Regularly arrange to let employees be medicated for tape worm and have health check-ups Keep record of all employee livestock on the property Treat employee livestock with separate but dedicated health programs Ensure employees understand the reason behind the implemented bio-security measures to help ensure compliance. GENERAL AND REPRODUCTION MANAGEMENT Record keeping: All animals are individually identified and recorded. To prove ownership: All animals are marked with the registered brand mark according to the Animal Identification Act, No 6 of 2002. A defined breeding season is the basis of effective management: The breeding season coincides with the rainy season, i.e. the period when nutritive value of the pasture is at its best. Sufficient energy reserves in the herd as measured by condition scoring are vital, especially for effective breeding, and when inadequate the herd is supplemented in consultation with a

nutritionist: Condition scoring of bulls and cows are regularly done, particularly at the onset of the breeding season and supplemented if necessary. Bull - cow ratios are maintained: A ratio of 1 to 25 is maintained in every separate herd. Fertility of breeding bulls: All breeding bulls are tested for mating ability and semen quality before the breeding season. Sexually transferable diseases: Sheath washes or scrapes on bulls are performed annually. Diseases that can cause poor conception, abortion or weak calves: Cows are vaccinated against such diseases in consultation with the veterinarian. Breeding success monitored by a veterinarian: Rectal pregnancy or scan diagnosis is done by the veterinarian 8 weeks after the breeding season. Twenty percent of cows or more not pregnant: Further tests are done to determine cause of low pregnancy rate. Culling of non-pregnant cows: Non-pregnant cows are removed from the herd and considered a necessary bonus to supporting herd income. HERD HEALTH AND BIO-SECURITY Maintenance of herd health is key to a successful enterprise: A veterinarian should visit the farm bi-annually at least. Calf mortality before 3 months of age is an important reason for poor weaning percentage: Good management practices are applied to limit early calf deaths. Some diseases and parasites (internal and external) are more often encountered in specific areas: Annual vaccinations and a parasite control program should be applied according to regional requirements and in liaison with the veterinarian. Farmers selling weaned calves to feedlots may want to have a market advantage compared to others: A specific vaccination program is applied before weaning for that purpose. Herds may be at risk of being exposed to CA and TB: The herd is tested annually for CA and all heifers are vaccinated against CA between 4 and 8 months of age with an efficient, approved remedy. The herd is tested at least every 5 years for TB Precautionary measures are required to prevent diseases being imported into the herd: A quarantine program to keep incoming animals separate is followed. All incoming animals have a suitable certificate of negative test results or are of a certified clean, closed herd. Stock remedies and medicines should be registered, correctly stored and used before the transpire date: All medicines and stock remedies are registered, stored and applied according to prescription. Prescribed medicines with a specific application are under the control of the veterinary profession: All prescription medicines are obtained and applied under prescription from a veterinarian.

Practices that had nothing to report Bathurst – Dr. Jane Pistorius

Karino – Dr. Silke Pfitzer

Lephalale – Dr. Brigitte Luck

Magaliesburg – Dr. Ryan Jeffery

Trompsburg/Springfontein – Dr. Wyn Irwin

Vanderbijlpark – Dr. Kobus Kok

Equines

Free State Bethlehem Colic - 1

Eastern Cape Humansdorp Screw-worm Port Alfred Equine piroplasmosis – 1 South Seas Equine Encephalosis - 1

Western Cape Wellington Equine encephalosis virus - 1 Sand colic – 3 +

Northern Cape Upington

Botulism – Two stallions died, dead birds in reservoir

Game

Mpumalanga Lydenburg Intestinal roundworms – 1 Resistant roundworms - 1

Gauteng Pretoria Intestinal roundworms – 2 Tapeworms -2 Brown ear-tick – 2 Bont-legged tick - 2 Heartwater – 2 Coccidiois – 2 Lantana toxicity – 1 Mastitis - 1

Limpopo Mokopane Blue ticks - 1 Heartwater ticks – 1 Polokwane Intestinal roundworms – 3 Resistant roundworms - 3 Brown ear-tick – 1

Bont-legged tick -1 Coccidiosis – 1 Dystocia – 1 Diarrhoea - 3 Abscesses – 1 Capture myopathy – 1 Vaalwater Coccidiosis- Roan 1 Blackleg – Giraffe 1

North West Christiana TB – Buffalo 1 Klerksdorp Coccidiosis – 1 Lungs - 3

KwaZulu-Natal Pongola Brown ear-tick – 1 Vitamin A deficiency – 1

Eastern Cape Graaff-Reinet Rabies – Bat eared jackal Port Alfred Joint abcess – Buffalo 1 Screw-worm – Buffalo 1, Elephant Park following tick worry Witelsbos Zinc deficiency – hoof problems in sable 2 Drought

Western Cape Vredenburg Mortality – Sable calf died at 4 months of age – low calcium in liver samole, hart muscle atrophy Wellington Red water - Buffalo

Northern Cape Colesberg Cold and poor adaptation – Buffalo and rhino mortalities Poaching – Two rhino’s

Swine Gauteng

Onderstepoort Trauma – Dog bite wounds 2

Alpaca Mooi River Paralysis tick - 1

Monthly report on Livestock and Wildlife isolations for June 2017 from

Vetdiagnostix –Microbiology Laboratory, supplied by dr. Marijke Henton

([email protected])

Enteritis in young ruminants was again common during May. Most [11/13] of the cases yielded

Cryptosporidium as well as E. coli in calves [4] and lambs [7]; but one case in calves was only E. coli,

and one in a lamb, only Cryptosporidium. E. coli strains need to be further characterized [serotyping

is presently unavailable] to distinguish them from environmental strains of E. coli. In two cases from

lambs, PCR tests showed that no virulence factors were present, and so the E. coli were certain to be

environmental opportunists. Enteritis in a pig also yielded E. coli.

Respiratory disease in feedlot cattle yielded Mannheimia haemolytica [8], Pasteurella multocida [3],

Histophilus somni [4], Mycoplasma [8], Trueperella pyogenes [2] and one each of Mannheimia biovar

9, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Respiratory disease in sheep was

due to M. haemolytica in one case, and the anaerobe, Prevotella in another.

There were two cases of Salmonella Dublin in calves.

An abscess in a bovine yielded T. pyogenes, and a lung abscess Mycoplasma. One abscess in a sheep

yielded Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and the secondary invader Pseudomonas aeruginosa,

and the other Actinobacillus lignieresii. A. lignieresii causes Wooden Tongue and sporadic abscesses

in the head and neck area of ruminants. Bovine mastitis was caused by Streptococcus uberis,

Actinomyces, Nocardia, Enterobacter and a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.

Dermatophilus congolensis [Senkobo disease] was isolated from a bovine skin.

Clostridial myositis was associated with C. chauvoei and C. septicum, and a third case was positive

for C. novyi, C. septicum and C. sordellii, which made the case more likely the result of putrefaction

than disease.

Streptococcus zooepidemicus and S. dysgalactiae [was S. equisimilis] were isolated from various

conditions in horses; abscess [1], respiratory tract [1], nasal discharge [2], eye [1] and an infected

wound. Other wound infections yielded Staphylococcus aureus, Actinobacillus equuli,


Porphyromonas and two cases of Actinomyces. E. coli and Enterococcus were isolated from joint

infections.

Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from the liver of a serval, and Pasteurella multocida from the

liver of a cheetah. A roan abscess yielded T. pyogenes and S. aureus was isolated from the uterus of

a sable. A rhino with a respiratory infection yielded Klebsiella pneumoniae, and another rhino S.

dysgalactiae from the uterus. A cheetah with enteritis yielded an Extended Spectrum Beta

Lactamase E. coli isolate, which means that the isolate was resistant to all penicillins and

cephalosporins. A lion had ringworm due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

Feedlot report received from Drs. Shaun Morris, Eben du Preez and Pierre Jansen Van Vuuren for June 2017 ([email protected])

Sheep Feedlots:

A relative good period of the year for sheep feedlots.

Pneumonia the most reported condition causing disease and mortalities as well as condemnations at

the abattoirs. Pasteurella Multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica lesions seen in lungs at the

abattoir, even in sheep that went through the feeding phase in the feedlot without showing any

symptoms of disease but often are the poor performers.

Few cases of pulpy kidney, foot abscess, keratitis, fleece rot and orf were seen.

Beef Feedlots:

Tick borne diseases still caused morbidities and mortalities, especially on backgrounding.

Pneumonia cases increased in the first part of the month and then tapered off for a week or two.

Dusty conditions are increasing and so does pneumonia cases.

Newly weaned calves arriving at feedlots and animals travelling long distances in bad weather or at

night, are the very high risk animals that make up most of the pneumonia cases.

Isolated cases of Acidosis, bloat, Red Gut and vitamin B1 deficiency were reported.

Adult animals on harvested soybean land died from Soybean toxicity.

Clostridium chauvoei caused mortalities in cattle close to marketing stage.

Vitamin A deficiency has a negative effect on the immunity of animals and is necessary to include in

all processing programs.

Feedlot report received from Dr. Andy Hentzen for June 2017 ([email protected])

Condition Comments and Specie

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Cysticercosis B3

Blue ticks B 3

Biting lice B 2

African red water B3

Asiatic red water B3

Anaplasmosis B2

Blackleg B2

Red gut B 3

Ringworm B 2

BVD B 2

IBR B 3

Orf O 2

Protein deficiency B 2

Energy B2

Lameness B3

Lungs B3

Diarrhoea B3

Opthalmia B 3

Abscesses B,C 3

Monthly report for June 2017 from Dr R D Last (BVSc; M.Med.Vet(Path); MRCVS)

Specialist Veterinary Pathologist, Vetdiagnostix - Veterinary Pathology Services

Contributors Mr Butch Bosch, Ms Ntando Magoso, Mrs Beverley Williams, Ms Nicole Genga, Dr Rick Last

LIVESTOCK DISEASE SURVEILANCE

LIVESTOCK SPECIES DISEASE AGENT NO. CASES LOCATION

Bovine, Beef Cow Cerebellar abcessation 1 Newcastle, KZN

Goats, Adult Teladorsagia (ostertagiosis) 1 Caledon, W Cape

Bovine, Calves Calf paratyphoid 1 Mooi River, KZN

Bovine, Calves Cryptosporidia + E. coli and mycotic abomasitis 1 Kroonstad, Free

State

WILDLIFE DISEASE SURVEILANCE - 2017

WILDLIFE SPECIES DISEASE AGENT NO.

CASES LOCATION

Giraffe, Adult Bull Thyroid goitre 1 Brits, Gauteng

Cheetah, Adult Female Pseudomonas pneumonia with aspiration 1 Matubatuba, KZN

Red Hartebeest Lung abcess (Truperella pyogenes?) 1 Polokwane, Limpopo

Sable Antelope, Heifers x 2 Hypothermia / Exposure 1

Koue Bokkeveld, W Cape

Buffalo, Cow Mycotic myocarditis and pericarditis 1 Hoedspruit, Limpopo

Monthly report for June 2017 from Queenstown Provincial Veterinary

Laboratory as supplied by Dr. A.D. Fisher ([email protected])

Condition Area Comments and Specie

Intestinal roundworms O 3

Tapeworms O 1

Liver fluke B,O 3

Paralysis tick O 1

Sheep scab Whittle sea O 1

Asiatic red water B I dairy

Anaplasmosis B,O 2

E. coli B dairy 1; P 2

Rabies Port St Johns Dutywa Libode

Canine 1 case Canine 2 cases Bovine 1 case

Orf O 2

West Nile Fever Dutywa Equine 1

African Horse sickness Equine 1

Ivermectin overdose O 2

Acidosis (sorghum silage) B,O 2

Cold exposure O 1

Traumatic pericarditis B 1

B – bovine; O – ovine; C – caprine; P – pigs; G – game

1 = one case; 2 = 2 to 9 cases; 3 = more than 10 cases

Monthly report for June 2017 from Dr. Lucy Lange: PathCare Vetlab ([email protected])

Disease condition Specie

Pneumonia/Pasteurella Cattle

Campylobacter Cattle

Tritrichomonas Cattle

Salmonellosis Cattle

Cryptosporidium Cattle

Septicaemia Cattle

BMC - Snotsiekte Cattle

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Brucellosis Cattle

Cestrum (Inkberry) toxicity Cattle

Hypoproteinaemia Cattle

Bacterial pneumonia Cattle

Necrotic endometritis Cattle

Squamous cell carcinoma Horses

Sarcoid Horses

White mucle disease Sheep

Pasteurellosis Sheep

Internal parasites Sheep

Laminar cortical necrosis Sheep

Neonatal septicaemia Sheep

Orf Sheep

Johne’s disease Sheep

Pulpy kidney Sheep

Game:

Lung worm Bontebok

Hypoproteinaemia Bontebok, sable, eland

Capture myopathy/myonecrosis

Nyala, Springbok, Gemsbok, Alpaca

Laminar cortical necrosis Sable

Septicaemia Sable

Liver necrosis Nyala

Monthly report on Livestock and Wildlife isolations for June 2017 from

IDEXX Laboratories supplied by dr. Liza du Plessis ([email protected])

Condition Comments and Specie

Corridor disease (suspected) B 2

Theileriosis G 1

Blackquarter B 1

Pulpy kidney (FSE) O 1

E. coli B,O 2

BMC (snotsiekte) B 2

Q-fever G 1

Trueperella pyogenes B 1

Equine sarcoid E 1

Protein/Energy malnutrition G 2

Abortion B,O,C,G 2

Lungs B,O 1

Diarrhoea B,O 2

Rhabdomyolysis G 1


Cold exposure G 2

DISEASE DISTRIBUTION REPORT AS REPORTED BY VETERINARIANS

Table of Contents

Internal Parasites Roundworms in general, Resistant Round Worms, Wireworm, Brown stomach-worm, Nodular worm, Tape Worms, Parafilaria, Liver fluke, Conical Flukes, Cysticercosis

External Parasites

Blue ticks, Resistant blue Ticks, Heartwater (Bont) ticks, Brown ear-ticks, Bont-legged ticks, Red-legged ticks , Paralysis ticks, Biting lice (red lice), Sucking lice (blue lice), Scab mites, Mange Mites, Nuisance Flies, Blowflies, Nasal bot larvae , Midges

Tick-borne Diseases African red water, Asiatic red water, Anaplasmosis, Heartwater, Sweating Sickness

Insect Transmittable Diseases Lumpy skin disease, Three-day-stiffsickness

Venereal Diseases Trichomonosis, Vibriosis, Pizzle disease

Bacterial Disease (other)

Blackquarter, Botulism, Pulpy Kidney, Swelled head disease, Redgut (cattle), Blood gut (Sheep), Tetanus, Salmonellosis , Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, Bovine Tuberculosis, Johne`s disease, Septicaemia, E.coli, Enzootic Abortion, Intrauterine Gangrene, Fusibacterium necrophorum , Listeriosis, Other

Protozoal diseases (other) Coccidiosis, Cryptosporidium

Fungal diseases Ringworm

Viral Diseases (other) BMC, Rabies, BVD (Bovine viral diarrhoea), IBR (Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis), BRSV (Bovine respiratory syncytial virus), Enzootic Bovine Leucosis (EBL), Jaagsiekte, Orf, Warts

Poisonings (Plant) and Fungal Cardiac glycoside poisoning, Cestrum, Cynanchum poisoning, Lantana, Prussic acid poisoning, Seneciosis, Tulip Poisoning, Vermeersiekte (Gaigeria spp.), Other

Poisonings Urea Poisoning, Snake Bite, Blue-green algae , Copper Poisoning, Chemical products, Other

Macro Nutritional Problems Energy deficiency, Protein deficiency, Phosphate deficiency, Calcium deficiency

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Micro Nutritional Problems Copper deficiency, Zinc deficiency, Selenium deficiency, Magnesium deficiency, Manganese deficiency, Iodine deficiency, Vitamin A deficiency

Multi-factorial Disease Conditions

Abortions, Stillbirths, Abscesses, Abscesses in general, Bladder stones, Blindness, Bloat, Blue udder, Diarrhoea, Epididymitis , Eye Cancer, Eye infections, Joint Ill, Lameness/Foot Problems, Lung infection, Mastitis in general, Navel Ill, Redgut (Sheep), Trauma, Downer, Other

Metabolic Diseases Acidosis, Displaced abomasum, Ketosis, Milk Fever

Reproductive diseases Dystocia (Difficult Births), Endometritis, Metritis, Poor conception, Retained afterbirth, Sheath Prolaps, Uterus prolaps, Vaginal (Cervical) prolaps

Climatical Cause Cold exposure, Drought, Frozen to death

Non specific diseases Cause of death not established, Preditors, Sabotation - Theft, Trauma

Internal Parasites

Roundworms in general ̂

PROVINCE Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo North West

Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.9 (11) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 1.5

(2)

2.6

(7) 2.1 (9) 1.7 (3) 1.6 (5) 2.3 (4)

Level of importance scale: 1 = one case, 2 = more than one case but less than ten and 3 = more than 10 cases reported

Beef 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Dairy 1.0 (1)

Sheep 2.0 (5) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.5

(2)

2.6

(7) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (3)

Goat 2.0 (4) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga

Balfour, Balfour Dierekliniek

Beef: 1, Sheep: 1, Goat: 1

Delmas, Rietkol Veterinêre spreekkamer

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2

Middelburg , Middelburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

Standerton, Econovet


Volksrust, Cape Cross Volksrust Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Gauteng

Pretoria, Anima Veterinary Consulting Rooms

Sheep: 2

Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic

Sheep: 3

Fourteen cases

Limpopo

Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic

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Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Klerksdorp, Klerksdorp Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1

Free State

Bethlehem, Bethlehem State Vet

Sheep: 2

Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer

Sheep: 3

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Harrismith, Harrismith Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek

Sheep: 3

Ladybrand, Ladybrand

Sheep: 3

Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek

Sheep: 3

Kwazulu-Natal

Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic


Dundee, Dr. Paul Reynolds CSS Vet

Goat: 1

Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

Beef: 2, Goat: 2

Vryheid, Vryhed Privaat Veeartse

Beef: 2

Eastern Cape

Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 1

Queenstown, Queenstown Provincial Vet Lab

Sheep: 3

Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1

Western Cape

Caledon, Caledon Dierekliniek

Goat: 2

Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Dairy: 1, Sheep: 2

Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital

Beef: 1

Northern Cape

Colesberg, Karoo Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 3

Kimberley, Kimberley Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Postmasburg, Postmasburg Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2

Resistant Round Worms ̂

PROVINCE Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo North Free Kwazulu- Eastern Western Northern

https://www.v-data.co.za/index.php?page=rep_disease_summary&context=vetprac#contents

West State Natal Cape Cape Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.3

(4) 1.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.3

(4) 1.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)

Mpumalanga

Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Goat: 2


Sheep: 2


Sheep: 2

Gauteng


Sheep: 2

Limpopo


Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

Free State


Sheep: 1


Sheep: 3


Sheep: 3

Reitz, Riemland Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Kwazulu-Natal


Sheep: 1

Wireworm ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (6) 3.0

(1)

2.0

(7) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)

Sheep 2.0 (3) 3.0

(1)

2.0

(7) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Sheep: 2, Goat: 2


Sheep: 1




North West

Vryburg, Vryburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3

Free State


Sheep: 2

Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2


Sheep: 3


Sheep: 2

Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 1


Sheep: 2

Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Kwazulu-Natal

Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic

Sheep: 1


Goat: 1

Western Cape


Sheep: 2

Northern Cape

Kimberley, Kimberley Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Brown stomach-worm ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Dairy 2.0 (1)

Sheep 1.5 (2)

Kwazulu-Natal


Dairy: 2

Western Cape

Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 2


Sheep: 1

Nodular worm ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

https://www.v-data.co.za/index.php?page=rep_disease_summary&context=vetprac#contentshttps://www.v-data.co.za/index.php?page=rep_disease_summary&context=vetprac#contents

Average 3.0

(1)

2.0

(1)


Sheep 3.0

(1)

2.0

(1)

North West


Sheep: 3

Free State

Smithfield, Dr Nienke van Hasselt SV

Sheep: 2

Tape Worms ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (4) 1.0 (1) 2.0

(10) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 2.5

(2) 1.0 (1)

Dairy 1.0 (1)

Sheep 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.8

(6) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (1) 2.0

(2) 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga




Sheep: 2

Limpopo


Sheep: 1

Free State

Bothaville, Cape Cross Bothaville Veterinary Hospital

Goat: 2

Ficksburg, Oosvrystaat Diere Produkte

Sheep: 2


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3


Sheep: 1

Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Moniezia lambs


Sheep: 2


Goat: 2


Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2

Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1

Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 1

Eastern Cape

Middelburg (EC), Steynsburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3


Sheep: 1

Western Cape


Dairy: 1, Sheep: 1

Northern Cape


Goat: 2

Parafilaria ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)

Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 2

Liver fluke ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.9 (8) 1.0

(2)

2.1

(8) 3.0 (3) 2.2 (5) 2.0 (1)

Level of importance scale: 1 = one case, 2 = more than one case but less than ten and 3 = more than 10 cases

reported

Beef 2.0 (5) 1.0

(2)

2.1

(7) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1)

Dairy 3.0 (1)

Sheep 2.0 (2) 2.0

(1) 2.0 (3)

Goat 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Beef: 1


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital

Beef: 3





Beef: 2

North West

Klerksdorp, Klerksdorp Dierehospitaal

Beef: 1

Lichtenburg, Dr CM Kruger-Rall

Beef: 1

Vleis

Free State


Beef: 3


Beef: 3


Beef: 2

Senekal, Senekal Dierekliniek

Beef: 1


Beef: 1

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2


Beef: 3

Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 3, Dairy: 3


Beef: 3

Eastern Cape

Aliwal North, Hertzogbrug Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2


Sheep: 1


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Western Cape

Malmesbury, Groenkloof Dierekliniek

Beef: 2

Conical Flukes ̂

PROVINCE Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo North

West

Free

State

Kwazulu-

Natal

Eastern

Cape

Western

Cape

Northern

Cape

Average 1.8 (4) 3.0

(1)

1.7

(6) 1.0 (1) 1.3 (3) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 3.0

(1)

1.8

(5) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2)

Sheep 2.0 (1) 1.0

(1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Bethal, Bethal Dierekliniek

Beef: 1



North West

Lichtenburg, Dr CM Kruger-Rall

Beef: 3

Vleis

Free State

Ficksburg, Oosvrystaat Diere Produkte

Beef: 1, Sheep: 1


Beef: 2

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Beef: 2


Beef: 2


Beef: 2

Kwazulu-Natal

Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic

Beef: 1

Eastern Cape

Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer

Beef: 1

Aliwal North, Hertzogbrug Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 1

Northern Cape


Sheep: 1

Cysticercosis ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0

(1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1)

Sheep 2.0

(1) 1.0 (1)

Goat 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Beef: 3

Free State


Sheep: 2

Kwazulu-Natal


Goat: 1

Northern Cape



Sheep: 1

External Parasites

Blue ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.8 (9) 1.0 (2) 3.0

(1)

2.4

(13) 2.3 (11) 2.0 (3)

Level of importance scale: 1 = one case, 2 = more than one case but less than ten and 3 = more than 10 cases

reported

Beef 1.9 (8) 1.0 (2) 3.0

(1)

2.3

(10) 2.3 (8) 2.0 (2)

Dairy 2.5

(2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Sheep 1.0 (1) 3.0

(1) 2.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1


Beef: 2

Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer

Beef: 2


Beef: 1


Beef: 2

Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital

Beef: 3


Beef: 2


Beef: 2

Limpopo

Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek

Beef: 1


Beef: 1

North West


Beef: 3

Free State


Beef: 3, Dairy: 2


Beef: 2


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3, Dairy: 3


Senekal, Senekal Dierekliniek

Beef: 1


Beef: 1


Beef: 3


Beef: 3

Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek

Beef: 1


Beef: 3

Kwazulu-Natal

Bergville, Bergville Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2




Beef: 2

Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic

Beef: 2


Beef: 3, Dairy: 3

Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic

Beef: 2

Still plenty of engorged females in mid winter!

Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic

Beef: 2


Beef: 3

Eastern Cape

Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer

Beef: 2, Dairy: 2

Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2

Resistant blue Ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.8

(4) 3.0 (1)


Beef 1.8

(4) 3.0 (1)

Free State


Beef: 2


Beef: 1


Beef: 1


Beef: 3

Kwazulu-Natal


Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic

Beef: 3

Heartwater (Bont) ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (5) 2.0 (5) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (4)

Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Goat 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Sheep: 2, Goat: 2


Beef: 2

Gauteng


Beef: 2, Sheep: 2

Limpopo

Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek

Beef: 1, Sheep: 1



Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 2


Beef: 2, Sheep: 2

Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic

Beef: 2


Beef: 2

Eastern Cape

Port Alfred, Port Alfred Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 2

Port Alfred one case, Bathurst one case

Brown ear-ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 1.5

(2) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.5

(2) 1.5 (2)

Sheep 1.0 (1)

Gauteng



Beef: 2

Limpopo


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

Free State


Beef: 1


Beef: 2

Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 2


Beef: 1

Bont-legged ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 1.0 (2) 3.0

(2)

2.1

(7) 1.0 (5) 3.0 (2) 1.7 (3)


Beef 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 3.0

(2)

2.0

(5) 1.0 (3) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Sheep 1.0 (1) 2.5

(2) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Goat 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga


Beef: 1


Beef: 2

Limpopo


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3


Beef: 3

Free State


Beef: 1


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3


Sheep: 2


Beef: 2


Beef: 2


Beef: 2


Kwazulu-Natal


Beef: 1


Beef: 1



Eastern Cape


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Northern Cape



Red-legged ticks ̂


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Date post:	27-Jan-2021
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