S02-470 HySafe – The network of excellence for hydrogen safety

S02-470HySafe – The network of excellence for

hydrogen safety

Thomas JORDAN Institut für Kern- und EnergietechnikForschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH

[email protected]

16th World Hydrogen Ebergy Conference. Lyon, France, 14 June 2006

Safety relevant properties of - hydrogen

- methane - propane - gasoline vapour

0

1

2

3

4

5

hydrogen methane propane gasoline vap.

kg/m

3

density

0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0,35

mJ

ignition energy

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

MJ/

kg

heat of combustion

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

OE

G-U

EG

(%

)

flammability range

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

m/s

laminar burning velocity

0

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,1

0,12

1/m

m

detonation sensitivity

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

cm2 /s

diffusion coefficient

=1

=1 =1

-3,5

-3,0

-2,5

-2,0

-1,5

-1,0

-0,5

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

Lu

ft

Ga

s(k

g/m

3)

buoyancy

Motivation


hydrogen methane propane gasoline vap.hydrogen methane propane gasoline vap.





Introduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


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hydrogen methane propane gasoline vapour

DetonationLam. Deflagration Turb. DeflagrationZündungMixingRelease

D

UFL-LFL

Ei

TAI

-1

DCJ

PCJ

TAICC

PAICC

c AICC

· S

L

dc

Q/m

F

Q/V

mix

SL-1

/2

c Cst

A

F

• Differences between H2 and other burning gases ~ factor 10 in all important qualities

• Successful risk management needs H2 specific analyses and mitigation measures

MotivationIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


∫ dt =

NoE HySafe Objectives• strengthen and focus, integrate fragmented

research on hydrogen safety competitive scientific and industrial community

• Promoting public awareness and trust in hydrogen technologies

• development of an excellent safety culture

General GoalContribute to a safe transition to a sustainable development in Europe by facilitating the safe introduction of hydrogen technologies / applications

ObjectivesIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


Consortium● 24 partners from 12 European countries

and one Canadian partner● 12 public research organisations,

7 industrial partners, 5 universities● ~150 scientists

Details

Time schedulenetwork/project start:03/2004subsidised max. duration: 5 yearsBudget

Total > 13 M€ with a EC grant of max. 7 M€



Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH DE

L’Air Liquide FR

Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing DE

BMW Forschung und Technik GmbH DE

Building Research Establishment Ltd UK

Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique FR

Det Norske Veritas AS NO

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft ICT DE

Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH DE

GexCon AS NO

The United Kingdom’s Health and Safety Laboratory UK

Foundation INASMET ES

Inst. Nat. de l’Environnement industriel et des RISques FR

Instituto Superior Technico PT

European Commission - JRC - Institute for Energy NL

National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos EL

Norsk Hydro ASA NO

Risø National Laboratory DK

TNO NL

University of Calgary CA

University of Pisa IT

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ES

University of Ulster UK

VOLVO Technology Corporation SE

Warsaw University of Technology PL

ConsortiumIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


Organisational Structure

Co-ordinator

Co-ordination Committee

Request

Advise

AdvisoryCouncil

ManagementOffice

Request

Advise

Governing Board

Approval Reporting

Reporting

Single Point of Contact

European Commission

Sub-Committee

WP 16

Sub-Committee

WP 1

CoordinatorSTORHY

CoordinatorHYWAYS

CoordinatorNATURALHY



CEN

HFP

StorHy

HyWays

NATURALHY

NorthAmerica

Japan

Russia

ISO IEA

AdvisoryCouncil

HyApproval

HyFire

HyTrainHyCourse

HySAFEST E&TR&D

RC&S

EH SCEuropean Hydrogen Safety Centre

External NetworkingIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


15 Work Packages in 4 ClustersIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


Distribution Fires andExplosions

Mitigation RisikAnalysis

RC&S

Production

Transport

Refueling

Other Vehicles

Portables

Street Vehicles

Application /Scenarios

Risik Control

Preliminary Ranking

Activity MatrixPhenomena

PIRT

Stationary



IEF - Experimental Facilities

only 6 out of > 80



CFD Club – BenchmarkingSBEP V3 (Dispersion)

240g H2 into „garage“ SBEP V2 (Deflagration)

20m hemisphere (Fh-ICT test)



Numerical Tools IPartner Code CFD/integral/other Applicability area

BRE JASMINE, SOFIE, CFX CFD V2: combustion and heat transfer; V3: mitigation

CEA CAST3Mcoupled to

integral/CFD V1: distribution/mixingV2: combustion; V3: mitigation

SIDONHY Two-phase 1D V1: release from high pressure tanks

DNV FLACS, CFX CFD V1: ventilation, dispersionV2: explosion, pressure effects; V4: risk assessment

Phast Integral V1: release/dispersion and V4: risk assessment

FZJ CFX4 CFD V1: atmospheric spreading of H2-air-steam clouds, distribution in complex geometriesV2: combustion of flammable H2-air mixtures

LauV Integral V1: LH2 pool spreading and vaporisation on different grounds

FZK GASFLOW CFD V1: distribution/mixingV3: mitigation devices

COM3D, FLAME3D,DET3D

V2: combustion at different regimesV3: combustion mitigation

GexCon FLACS CFD V1: ventilation, dispersionV2: explosion, pressure effects from dispersion/premixedV3: mitigation strategies; V4

HSE/HSL Star CD, CFX, SOFIE, AutoReagas CFDCFD

V1: mixing and distribution V2: combustion, V3: mitigation and V4: risk assessment

Scope, Fred Integral

INERIS PHOENICS, ARIARISK CFD V1: release, mixing and distribution

JRC REACFLOW CFD V2: pressure effects from H2 explosionsSimulations within confined/semi-confined geometries



Partner Code CFD/integral/other Applicability area

NCSRD ADREA-HF CFD V1: release, mixing and distributionV3: mitigation (venting, water spraying)

GAJET Integral V1: discharge from CGH2 system

NH FLACSFluent, KAMELEON

CFD V1: high pressure discharges, high speed jet impingement, in- and outdoor dispersionV2: combustion and explosions

PHAST Integral

Risø GReATREDIPHEM

Integral V1: outdoor buoyant plume dispersion, “instantaneous” concentrationsV4: methodologies for RADatabase structure for

dispersion tests

TNO AutoReaGas CFD V1: dispersion; V2: explosion and pressure effects

UC CFD (2D, 3D) V2: combustion, detonation; V3: venting, pressure effectsV4: simulation of accident scenarios

UPM CFX4 CFD V1: distribution, mixing, heat transfer; V2: combustionV3: mitigation (venting, recombiners)V4: methodologies for RAMELCOR Integral

UU CINDY Integral V1: distribution/mixing: V2: accidental combustion; V3: mitigation (venting, water spraying)V4: risk assessment (modelling of consequences)FLUENT CFD

WUT ZND Detailed chemistry V2: combustion

DL CFD (1D)

DETON CFD (2D)

KIVA-3V CFD (3D) V1: release/distribution/mixing

Numerical Tools IIIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination

> 30 Numerical Tools


Integration of Experience

Administration & Risk “environment”Where (application, environment,…)

Technical specification of the eventEquipment spec, location,….

Hazardous Event SpecificationWhat happened and why

Hazardous Event Consequences SpecificationFatalities, injuries, property damage, …

Incidence and Accidents Database (HIAD) Structure:




Integration/Support of RC&S


Mapping and gap analysis

Co-ordination of actions

Edition of « standards »

Contribution to standards

Production of knowledge

Range

IPHE IPHE Members

IEA IEA Members

ISO Workd Wide

IEC W W

UNECE GRPE WP29

International regulation Depends on

agreement

EC Work program Funded Co-ordination

with IPHE

CEN Mandate group No significant work going on Europe

HFCTP IGRCS Europe

HYSAFE NoE Inputs or drafts

possible Could be dedicated

to standards

Europe or W W through ISO, IPHE(?)…

HarmonHy Europe

EIHP Draft regulation Focussed on

“standard development”

W W

Other EC Projects

No obvious inputs

Focussed on product

development and not standard

W W if particpation to

ISO,…

National standard organisations in

Europe

??

Mirror Committees

National

Japanese Standard

organisation + Government

Seem to be

politically driven Development of

National standards

Draft proposal for international standards

Funded National

American Standard

organisation + Government

Seem to be

politically driven National standards

Draft proposal for international standards

Funded National & W W

Integration/Support of RC&SIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


Research HeadlinesIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination

(Partially) Confined ReleasesMitigation

have been determined by - initial PIRT study

- expert questionnaire- state-of-the-art survey

communicate the network’s working topics,orientate the work on intermediate time scale (proposals for experiments, benchmarking, Internal Projects …)


Internal Project “InsHyde”

• Investigation of realistic non-catastrophic releases in (partially) confined areas

• Determination of permeation and release limits

• Systematic assessment of mitigation (including detection) measures (sensors + venting + recombiner+...)

• Simulations and experiments for critical releases

• Deriving „Recommendations“, → standards, ...



Internal Project “HyTunnel”

→ Improved Tunnel Safety with H2 as the fuel of the future

- Selection of broadly accepted szenarios.- Review of available relevant numerical and experimental simulations- Qualitative assessment on standard mitigation measures effectiveness (benchmark)

i. Experimental part (depending on financing)

ii. Extension of the EC Tunnel „directives“



Simulation of a LH2 release due to loss of thermal insulation in a tunnel accident




… in WP9 “IgnHyd” Probabilistic Ignition Modelling… in WP12 Applicability of existing HZ and Q-D rules… with EC IP StorHy for storage in road vehicles.

- Bonfire Test Standard / Impinging jet fire (EIHPII)- Safety characterisation of solid storage materials /

systems… cooperation and safety review of

EC STREP HyApproval – handbook for refueling stationsEC STREP HyPER – handbook for small stationary system (under negotiation)

Further activities …



WP1: BRHS● First Edition of Biennial Report on Hydrogen Safety

(constituting the iteratively updated “Handbook on Hydrogen Safety”)● Publicly accessible literature database

● Design of curriculum (living document with many external contributions)● Database of hydrogen industries (publicly accessible via website)● Summer School on Hydrogen Safety HYCOURSE

start 19-24 August 2006 in Belfast ● Early stage training HySAFEST, successful application for Marie-Curie-

Program and possible clustering with HYFIRE

WP15: e-Academy

WP16: RC&S● Safety Assessment / Reporting Framework for FP7

(HySafe Safety Action Plan) Guidelines for subsidised projects, safety audits and reporting templates



Invitation to the 2nd ICHSon …

Int. Conference ICHSIntroduction – Networking – Structuring Work – Integration – Activities – Dissemination


Short Courses (WHEC programme p. 84)



www.hysafe.net



SupportNoE HySafe is co-funded by the European Commission within the 6th Framework Programme (2002-2006);Contract n°: SES6-CT-2004-502630.

The network is contributing to the implementation of the Key Action "Integrating and strengthening the ERA" within the Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development.

Thanks to all HySafe colleagues…

… and thank you for your attention.





• Accidents in public focus

• Heterogenous regulations

• Costly and long term investments


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S02-470 HySafe – The network of excellence for hydrogen safety

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