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San Diego California,San Diego California, JanuaryJanuary 28, 2011 28, 2011
Desalinization: Technologies & Market Opportunities.Desalinization: Technologies & Market Opportunities.
The Role of Environmental Baseline Studies The Role of Environmental Baseline Studies and Impact Assessment to Evaluate the and Impact Assessment to Evaluate the
Feasibility of a Desalination Project.Feasibility of a Desalination Project.
Rogelio Vázquez González.Rogelio Vázquez González.Department of Applied Geophysics, CICESE, Department of Applied Geophysics, CICESE, [email protected]
Panel topic: “Panel topic: “Desalination Technology Advances Desalination Technology Advances WorldwideWorldwide
The southwest of USA and northwest of The southwest of USA and northwest of
Mexico are one of the fastest growing Mexico are one of the fastest growing
regions. We are faced with the challenge regions. We are faced with the challenge
of expanding the basic service of expanding the basic service
infrastructure to fulfill the growing infrastructure to fulfill the growing
demand, particularly fresh water.demand, particularly fresh water.
IntroductionIntroduction
Several binational efforts have been Several binational efforts have been strongly promoted in the last years:strongly promoted in the last years:
• Binational Desalination Meeting Otay Water District July 14, 2010Binational Desalination Meeting Otay Water District July 14, 2010
• Mexico Water and Wastewater Projects: Opportunities for U.S. Mexico Water and Wastewater Projects: Opportunities for U.S. BusinessBusinessSeminar Organized by U.S. Commercial Service at AWWA ACE09Seminar Organized by U.S. Commercial Service at AWWA ACE09San Diego CA. June 15, 2009San Diego CA. June 15, 2009
• ARIZONA-MEXICO COMMISION SUMMER PLENARY 2009 Water ARIZONA-MEXICO COMMISION SUMMER PLENARY 2009 Water CommitteeCommittee
Phoenix Arizona June 5, 2009Phoenix Arizona June 5, 2009
• Binational Cooperative Process, New Water Supplies Work Group Binational Cooperative Process, New Water Supplies Work Group
San Diego California, August 5, 2008San Diego California, August 5, 2008
• ARIZONA-MEXICO COMMISION SUMMER PLENARY 2008 Water ARIZONA-MEXICO COMMISION SUMMER PLENARY 2008 Water CommitteeCommittee
Phoenix Arizona June 20, 2008Phoenix Arizona June 20, 2008
• Seminar on: Doing Business in Mexico Water Industry American Seminar on: Doing Business in Mexico Water Industry American Water Works Association Atlanta Georgia, June 9, 2008 Water Works Association Atlanta Georgia, June 9, 2008
South of the border, the sources for the South of the border, the sources for the
water being supplied to satisfy the water being supplied to satisfy the
current demand, are being operated at current demand, are being operated at
the limit of their capacity and locally the limit of their capacity and locally
there is no other groundwater sources .there is no other groundwater sources .
Given that, Water Authorities have consideredGiven that, Water Authorities have considered desalination sea water to satisfy their desalination sea water to satisfy their
requirements. requirements.
Membrane processesMembrane processes– Reverse OsmosisReverse Osmosis– NanofiltrationNanofiltration– Electro-Dialysis Electro-Dialysis
ReversalReversal– Forward OsmosisForward Osmosis
Thermal processesThermal processes– Flash DistillationFlash Distillation– Multi-Effect DistillationMulti-Effect Distillation– Membrane Distillation Membrane Distillation
Which method of desalinationWhich method of desalination is most appropriate? is most appropriate?
Where ?Where ?
Reverse osmosis (RO) is the most popular desalination process used in the world. Improvements in efficiency have led to reduce energy consumption, cheaper processing costs.
Desalination: a $10 Billion Desalination: a $10 Billion Industry!Industry!
As we have seen in the previous As we have seen in the previous presentations desalination is an industry, $10 presentations desalination is an industry, $10 billion industry.billion industry.
Indeed there is a huge market regarding Indeed there is a huge market regarding desalination projects and new technology desalination projects and new technology development will play a central part in the development will play a central part in the business.business.
Now the question: Now the question: How many of these 10 billion dollars will be How many of these 10 billion dollars will be lost by the lack of well-conducted baseline lost by the lack of well-conducted baseline studies and proper environmental impact studies and proper environmental impact assessment? assessment?
Ensenada Desalination Plant Feasibility Ensenada Desalination Plant Feasibility Project:Project:
In October 2009, the State Water In October 2009, the State Water Commission of Baja California, Commission of Baja California, established a General Agreement for established a General Agreement for Collaboration with the Center for Collaboration with the Center for Scientific Investigation and Higher Scientific Investigation and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE) to Education of Ensenada (CICESE) to characterize the site to place a desalting characterize the site to place a desalting plant and perform the Environmental plant and perform the Environmental Impact Assessment.Impact Assessment.
CICESE is a Public Research institution CICESE is a Public Research institution coordinated by the National Council for coordinated by the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT ).Science and Technology (CONACYT ).
Organization
Earth Sciences
Administrative
GENERAL DIRECTION
Graduates
Applied Physics Oceanography
Innovation and Development
Telematics
http://www.cicese.edu.mx/http://www.cicese.edu.mx/
Experimental and Applied Biology
•Conservation
Biology.
•Marine
Biotechnology.
•Experimental
Microbiology.
•Computer Sciences.
•Optics .
•Electronics and
Telecommunications.
•Aquaculture.
•Marine Ecology.
•Biological
Oceanography.
• Physical
Oceanography.
•Applied
Geophysics.
•Geology.
•Seismology.
Baseline studies for evaluating potential Baseline studies for evaluating potential locations for desalinization plants;locations for desalinization plants;
Relevant aspects:Relevant aspects:
Geology and Geochemistry
Geohydrology and
Geophysics
Inland and marine Ecology
Oceanography
Power supply
Development plans
Population projections Key components of the facility:
•The water intake.
•The disposal of rejected water
Specific studies inland for evaluating and Specific studies inland for evaluating and characterize potential sources and type of water characterize potential sources and type of water intakeintake
Site specific studies for evaluating potential Site specific studies for evaluating potential locationslocations
Baseline studies for evaluating the composition Baseline studies for evaluating the composition and abundance of major groups of zooplankton and abundance of major groups of zooplankton and benthos in the area adjacent to the potential and benthos in the area adjacent to the potential location of the intake and discharge facilities.location of the intake and discharge facilities.