NAT SCIENCE VI REVIEWER Characteristics that enable animals to survive in an environment.

Objective: Describe characteristics that enable animals to survive in an environment.

Animals l characteristics include numerous adaptations that enable them to survive in a wide range of environments. They live in nearly every habitat around the globe, from frigid polar regions, to turbulent seas, to dense tropical forests. Animals also possess body structures that help them get their food. They also possess body structures to protect themselves .Modern mammals range in stature from tiny field mice to massive whales and although various species may look drastically different, all mammals still share a unifying set of characteristics. Some mammal characteristicssuch as their hair, mammary glands, and three specialized middle-ear bonesare shared by no other groups of animals. Here we'll explore key facts and information about mammals so we can better understand important mammal characteristics. Fish are found nearly everywhere there is water with enough food, oxygen and cover. Near your home there should be a body of water that has fish living in it. Amphibians have adapted to survive in many different types of habitats. They can be found in forests, woodlots, meadows, springs, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, bogs, marshes, swamps, vernal ponds and even farmland.

See illustration:

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

1. Place where animals live is called ___________.1. house2. habitat3. ecosystem4. globe

2. Which of the following animals live in the pond?

1. rabbit3. milkfish

2. dove 4. cat

3. Koala bears live on ___________.

1. fruit bearing tree 2. mountain3. eucalyptus Three 4. acacia tree4. What kind of poison does Puffer fish have?

1. Venom2. Tetradon Toxin3. Cyanide 4. ethanol5. Mosquitoes breed and stay in _____________________.1. clear stagnant water2. trees and bushes3. rice field with plenty of grains4. inside the house6. Most animals sleep during winter, what do we call this?1. Camouflage2. Hibernation3. Estivation4. Rainy season7. Largest bird in existence, this bird cannot fly although it has a pair of wings.1. Kiwi 2. Ostrich3. Vulture4. Dove

8. Animals that can blend with its surrounding are called ___________.1. camouflage2. blending3. coloring4. eagl

9. Which of these animals demonstrates cryptic coloration?1. native ducks2. bumble bee3. grasshopper4. tamaraw

10. Which of these describes cryptic coloration?1. blends with the environment2. changes the environment3. changes in color4. invisibleness

Describe the characteristics that enable animals to survive in an environmentANIMAL ADOPTATION1. MIMICRY Imitating the shapes, colors, smells or sounds of other animals.

2. MIGRATION Movement of animals to warmer places during winter. Movement from one place to another during certain seasons of the year.

3. CAMOUFLAGE Copying the features of a superior animal to protect oneself from its enemies.

4. GROUP LIFE Animals gathering together usually following a leader.

5. ESTIVATION Deep sleep during summer that lasts for a long time.

6. HIBERNATION Deep sleep during winter that last for a long time.

7. PROTECTIVE COLORATION Blending of an animals color to its surrounding.

11. Some animals like fish can live only in water. Some animals can live only in land. Why can animals live in a particular environment?1. They live where they can get food.2. They live where the temperature is hot3. They live where they have no enemies.4. They live where the temperature is cold.12. Where would you most likely find a bird with long, stilt-like legs, pointed beak?1. River2. Garden3. Forest4. Desert13. Why do polar bears have thick furs?1. So that they can walk fast.2. So they can sleep better.3. So that they are good to look at.4. So that they can always feel warm.

14. Which of the following animal characteristics in NOT mimicry?1. Frogs change their colors.2. Turtles hide under their hard shells3. Walking sticks blends with twigs and under bush.4. Sphinx moth resembles its wooden resting place.15. Animals live in places where they can find food and shelter. Which animal is mostly likely in frigid climates?1. Camel2. Polar Bear3. Lion4. Monkey16. Why do many desert animals eat meat?1. Desert animals do not like plants.2. Desert animals cannot chew grass.3. Desert animals always hide under the ground.4. There are more meats than plants in the desert.17. How do animals in cold places adapt to his cold surroundings?1. They have thick skin to keep their body warm.2. Their bodys color blends with their surroundings.3. They have layers of fats to keep their body warm.4. They have feathers or hair to keep their body warm.18. How does a skunk protect itself from its enemies?1. It blends its color with the environment.2. It mimics the sound and shape of its prey.3. It secretes a foul-smelling substance that keeps its enemies away.4. They play dead.19. How do ants, monkeys and elephants protect themselves from their enemies?1. They group themselves.2. They develop strong legs for running.3. They produce loud cries to scare away their enemies.4. They change color that blends with the surroundings.20. How do bears prepare themselves for hibernation?1. They grow large thick furs.2. They build nests for themselves.3. They change the color of their furs.4. They eat enormous amount of food just before winter. The Feeding Interrelationship among Living OrganismsObjective: Present through a diagram the feeding interrelationship amongliving organism.Remember:

All living things influence and are influenced by other living things within a community. No living things exist alone and independently of others. Some relationships between organisms are beneficial to both types of organisms. Some relationships are one-sided and some are harmful.Animals in general are dependent upon plants for food. In return, animals give off carbon dioxide which plants use in the food-making process.Different relationships exist between organisms in order to satisfy their needs: food, shelter, protection and others. Plants and animals live together in order to survive.

Kinds of Relationship Mutualism- is a kind of relationship wherein both organisms benefit from each other. Commensalism is a kind of relationship in which one organisms benefits and the other is not affected at all. Competition- is a kind of relationship wherein organisms fight with each other to satisfy their needs to live. Predation- is a relationship when one organism kills the other for their survival. Animals that kill are predators while the victims are called prey. Parasitism -is a relationship wherein one organism benefits while the other is harmed. Parasites get nutrition from another organism while the host is the one supplying the food.

21. Which is an example of a food chain in a land community?1. Algae Small fish Big fish2. Grass Grasshopper Bird3. Seaweeds Mussels Man4. All of the above22. Which shows a food chain in a farm ecosystem?

1.

2.

3.

4.

23. What is the correct sequence of a food chain?

1. Producer first order consumer second order consumer decomposer2. Producer decomposer first order consumer second order consumer

3. First order consumersecond order consumer decomposer Producer4. First order consumer second order consumer Producer decomposer

Study the food web and answer the questions that followEaglehawkHeron

Snakechickensnail

Rat

Rice plant24. Which of the following organisms in the food web is the producer?1. Snail2. Snake 3. Chicken 4. Rice plant25. Which of the following food chains can be taken from the food web?1. Rice plant fishheron2. Rice plant snake eagle3. Rice plant chicken hawk eagle4. Rice plant rat chicken hawk eagle26. How many food chains are there in the food web?1. 22. 33. 4 4. 527. Which animals in the food web are carnivores?1. Snail, heron, eagle2. Rat, snake, heron3. Chicken, hawk, eagle4. Heron, snake, hawk28. If the snake would eat only chicken instead of rat, what would happen to the rat population?1. Rats would all die.2. Rats would increase in number.3. Rats would decrease in number.4. The rat population would be the same.Study the food we and answer the questions that follow.

grasshopperfrogrice bird eagle

snakerat

29. Which statements about the diagram is correct?1. Animals can live without plants.2. The bigger an organism, the more energy it needs.3. The source of energy in the food web is the plants.4. The farther an organism is from the source of energy, the more energy it getsfrom the source.30. Which organism in the food chain is a producer?1. rat 2. frog3. rice4. grasshopper.

Circulatory System and their Functions

Objective: Identify major parts of the circulatory system and their functions.

Remember:The circulatory system is the transport system of the body. Its major parts are the heart, the blood and the blood vessels like arteries, veins and capillaries. Heart. The strongest muscles in the body which is pump-like organ located at the center of the chest between the lungs. It keeps the blood circulating inthe body by contracting and then relaxing. Blood. The liquid material that circulates throughout the body. Blood vessels. The raw materials that man needs to power his thoughts and actions. Note: Illustration of the Blood Circulatory System.

The heart is the strongest muscles in the body which is a pump like organ located at the center of the chest between the lungs. It keeps the blood circulating in the body by contracting and then relaxing.Note: Illustration of the heart showing its 4 chamber.

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

31. Which of the following is the function of the circulatory system?1. To repair body cells.2. To distribute body cells.3. To protect the body from the heat and foreign bodies.4. To distribute oxygen and nutrients to body cells and collect their waste.32. How does circulation of the blood help the body cells?1. It brings water to the cells.2. It brings enzymes to the cells.3. It brings digested food to the cells.4. It brings carbon dioxide to the cells.

33. What does the pump of the circulatory system refers too?

1. Heart2.Blood3. Muscles 4. Blood vessels34. Which part of the heart pumps blood out?

1. Atria2. Valves3. Arteries4. Ventricles35. Which statement is NOT true about the heart?1. The heart is a hollow muscular organ.2. The aorta is the largest vein in the body.3. The heart keeps the blood moving in the body.4. The valves keep the blood flowing in the right direction.36. The heart pumps blood by contracting and relaxing. What happens when theheart relax?1. Blood flows into the veins from the heart.2. Blood flows into the arteries from the heart.3. Blood flows into the heart through the veins.4. Blood flows into the heart through the arteries37. Why does the heart have to pumps blood?1. To repair body cells.2. To exchange waste materials from the body.3. To provide the necessary force for the blood to move from the lower to the upper part of the body.4. To provide the necessary force for the blood to move from the lower to the upper part of the body. 38. A healthy heart beats at the rate of ______.1. 20-50 times per minute2. 90-120 times per minute3. 60-80 times per minute4. 130-160 times per minute39. Which is known as the River of Life?1. Saliva2. Blood3. Urine4. Sweat40.Which blood vessels allow a forceful flow of blood?1. vein2. venule3. artery4. capillary

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE MOTION OF AN OBJECT.Objective: Identify factors that affect the motion of an object. Speed is the distance of an object or a person travels per unit of time. It indicates how fast a body covers a certain distance.Formula:Where S = d/tS = speedd = distance t = timeSuppose a runner runs a distance of 100 meters in 11 seconds. What is his speed?

We can employ the given formula and substitute the given data.Speed =?Distance = 100 metersTime = 11 seconds

S = 100/11= 9.09 meters per secondSpeedometer is an instrument which indicates the speed of a motor vehicle.

VELOCITY Velocity is the vector quantity in which the direction and speed of a moving object are expressed. Velocity may change if speed and direction change.Car B42 km/hr.SCar A42 km/hr.N

Change in speed Change inand direction velocity The velocity of a moving body changes when its speed changes but remains towards the same direction.

ACCELERATION Acceleration is the change in velocity in time. It is affected by the mass of the body and the amount of force applied. Acceleration = (final speed-initial speed) time interval.Lets find the acceleration of a given car.

Acceleration = ?Final speed = 30m/sInitial speed = 10m/sTime = 10 secondsAcceleration = final speed-initial speedTime

= 30m/s 10m/s10s= 2010= 2.0 m/s2

CENTRIPETAL FORCE

Centripetal force is a force that acts inwardly or toward the center. It keeps a moving object travel in circular path.The tendency of a moving object to behave in straight line is known as inertia.

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer

41. If a person runs a distance of 300 meters in 20 seconds, what is his speed?1. 102. 153. 204. 2

42. An instrument which indicates the speed of a motor vehicle is the1. Anemometer2. Odometer3. Speedometer4. Sphygmomanometer43. The speed of a moving object in a given direction is called ______________.1. velocity2. acceleration3. force4. rate 44. What is true about velocity of a moving car?1. Velocity may change if speed changes.2. Velocity may change if direction changes.3. Velocity may change if speed and direction change.4. Velocity may change if either speed or direction changes.45. Which of the following vehicles have the same velocity?I. Car 1 = 80 km/hr, EII. Car 2 = 80 km/hr. WIII. Car 3 = 80 km/hr. EIV. Car 4 = 80 km/hr, S1. I, II2. 2. I, III3. 3. I, IV4. 4. II, III46.Acceleration is usually measured in _______________.

1. kilometers per hour2. Kilometers per minute3. meters per minute4. meters per second

47. What is the acceleration of an automobile if its initial and final speed is 20 m/s and25 m/s respectively? The time is 5 seconds.

1. 0.5 m/s22. 1.0 m/s2 3. 2.0 m/s2 4. 2.5 m/s248. What will happen to a whirling ball attached to a string if it is suddenly released?1. the object will travel in a straight line2. the object will travel in a circular path 3. the object will suddenly stop4. the object will continue whirling49 .Why does a moving object travel in a straight line?1. because of velocity2. because of centripetal force3. because of acceleration 4. because of inertia50. What causes an object to move in circular path?1. centrifugal force2. centripetal force3. inertia4. gravity

CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS AND HOW GROUP OF STARS ARE USEFUL TO PEOPLE.Objective: Describe characteristics of stars and how group of stars are useful to people.

The Size, Color and Brightness of StarsThe stars are heavenly bodies composed of hot burning gases. Our sun is a medium sized star. It is also made up hot burning gases of helium and hydrogen. Stars seem to twinkle because we see them through the atmosphere a blanket of air surrounding the Earth. Our Sun, although a star, does not appear to twinkle because of its closeness to the Earth. It does not show up at night but shines all day.Stars also have different brightness. Some stars look fainter than the others. Others appear brighter. The apparent brightness of stars due to their size and distance from Earth is called apparent magnitude.

The distance of stars from Earth can be measured in terms of light year. A light year is the distance of stars from Earth. This means one light year is equivalent to about 9.5 trillion kilometers. If the stars distances were to be expressed in kilometers they will be so large that they will be overwhelming us.Proxima Centauri is about 4.25 light years away from Earth. Antares has an apparent magnitude of + 1.0. Sirius has an apparent magnitude of 1.4. Stars with a magnitude below + 1.0 are considered brighter than those with an apparent magnitude of above + 1.0. Our Sun has an apparent magnitude of 26.8 which is below + 1.0. It is the brightest star we can see from our Earth.Our Sun is a yellow star. Betelgeuse is a red star. While Sirius is a white star. And Rigel is a bluish-white star. The color of the star is related to its surface temperature. Blue stars are the hottest while red stars are the coolest.Stars vary in size. Those that are thousands larger than our Sun are called super giants. Betelgeuse and Antares are supergiants. Stars bigger than our Sun but smaller than super giants are called giant stars. Arcturus is a giant star. Stars which are smaller than our Sun are called dwarf stars.Usefulness of StarsA star map shows the positions of various constellations in the sky. It shows the North Star or Polaris in the North. Polaris is important to people especially to sailors or navigators. It is used as a compass to find direction.

Stars can also be used to tell time and as birth signs in astrology. Polaris and the pointers of the Big Dipper can tell time with their respective positions in the night sky.Ancient people use the appearance of certain stars to forecast weather. Fair weather can be expected when stars are visible. But when the stars are hidden behind the clouds, the next day maybe cloudy or rainy.The 12 constellations bear the name of zodiac constellations.

Ancient people use the appearance of certain stars to forecast weather. Fair weather can be expected when stars are visible. But when the stars are hidden behind the clouds, the next day maybe cloudy or rainy.

The 12 constellations bear the name of zodiac constellations.

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer.51. Why are the stars only seen at night?

1. The sky is so bright during daytime2. Stars grow bigger as they grow older.3. Stars may look small if they are very far from us.4. All big stars are near the Earth.

52. Why does a medium-sized star appear brighter than the others?1. great distance2. nearness to Earth3. great size4. both 2 and 3

53. Which are the coldest stars?1. white 2. blue3. yellow4. Red

54. Which are the hottest stars?1. white 2. blue3. yellow4. red

55. Which of the following statements is not true?1. Stars can be used in finding direction.2. Stars can be used in telling time.3. Stars can be used in telling distances between planets.4. Stars can be used in predicting weather.

56. A group of stars that seem to form patterns are called __________________.1. Solar system2. Constellation3. Galaxy4. Milky Way

57. How are Sirius and Betelgeuse alike?1. They are both constellations2. They are some of the brightest stars in the night sky.3. They are both red stars.4. They are both white stars.

58. Why is light year preferable to use than kilometer when expressing thedistance ofstars?1. It is longer.2. It is more accurate.3. It is more unique4. both 1 and 259. The color of a star is due to its _____

1. temperature2. distance from the Earth3. orbit4. size

60. Why are stars also considered distant sun?

1. Stars are balls of hot burning gases like our Sun2. Stars may have planets orbiting around them.3. Stars give off light and heat4. Stars have the same composition as planets

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OXYGEN CARBON DIOXIDE CYCLE

Objective: Illustrate the interdependence of plants and animals for gases through the oxygen and carbon dioxide cycle.

An ecosystem has materials that plants and animals used in order to live. Among these materials are oxygen and carbon-dioxide.Oxygen is a gas released as a by-product of photosynthesis. It is cycled in the environment.Carbon dioxide is released in respiration .It is also released when decomposition occurs.Oxygen is released by plant sand is taken in by animals for respiration while carbon dioxide is taken in by plants for photosynthesis.

Remember

Directions: Encircle the number of the correct answer.

21. In the carbon-oxygen cycle carbon gas and oxygen gas mixes in the ____________.1 atmosphere2 soil 3 fossil fuel4 factories

22. Carbon dioxide is taken in by plants through the process called_______________.1. symbiosis 2. photosynthesis 3. chemical process4. All of the above

23. Carbon gas can be stored underneath the earth as a _____________.1. fossil fuel2. soil3. water 4. garbage

24. Carbon- dioxide is one of the gases that cause the warming of the atmosphere. This condition is known as the ____________.1. global warming2. green house effect3. thermal energy4. heat

25 .The cycle shown in the illustration below is ____________.1. carbon cycle2. carbon oxygen cycle3. oxygen cycle4. none of these

26. Which statement is true about the plants in the illustration?1. They give off carbon-dioxide for animals use.2. They give off oxygen for children use in breathing3. They need oxygen to synthesize glucose and photosynthesis4. They need carbon-dioxide from the sun to manufacture food.

27. Which statement is true about the animals in the illustration?

1. They give-off carbon-dioxide for plants use2. They need carbon-dioxide from the plants for breathing3. They give off oxygen gas for plants use in photosynthesis.4. They need the sun which provide them oxygen for breathing

The plants and the fish in the aquarium show a basic type of ecosystem.

28. Which statements above illustrate the dependence of one organism to another?1. The fish can make food through the help of the plants2. The fish needs the plants for reproduction and the plants need the fish for protection.3. The fish need carbon-dioxide from the plants for respiration and the plants oxygen from the fish for photosynthesis.4. All of the above.30. What will if the supply of carbon dioxide is permanently cut off?

1. Green plants will grow 2. Photosynthesis cannot take place3. Animals can not undergo respiration4. All of the above

31. What is a by-product of respiration?1. Oxygen2. Carbon dioxide and water3. Nitrogen4. Both 1 & 2