Section 2:Convection in the Mantle

How is heat transferred?What causes convection currents?What causes convection currents in Earth’s mantle?

Heat TransferConduction, Convection and

Radiation

Outside of the Foldable

Write the definition for heat transfer and draw a picture for each type of heat transfer. Color with color pencils. Use red and blue arrows to show the transfer ofheat.

Inside of the Foldable:

Examples Definition

Examples Definition

Examples Definition

Heat TransferThe movement of energy from a

warmer object to a cooler object

How is Heat Transferred?There are three ways heat can move:

radiationconduction convection

RadiationThe transfer of heat energy through

space.

Examples of RADIATION

1. Fire2. Heat Lamps3. Sun

ConductionHeat transfer within a material or

between materials that are touching.

Conduction

CONDUCTION EXAMPLEA piece of cheese melts as heat is transferred from the meat to the cheese (Contact)

Heat from your hand goes to the ice, causing it to melt.

ConvectionHeat transfer by the movement of

currents within a fluid.• Convection moves in a circular pattern

Heat TransferRadiation Conduction Convection

The transfer of heat energy through space.

Heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching.

Heat transfer by the movement of currents within a fluid.

From the sun, fire, heat lamp

Spoon in hot pot, ice cube in hand, cheese burger

Boiling soup or water

Convection Currents The flow that transfers heat within a fluid. Hot water is less dense, which makes it rise

to the top. Cold water is more dense, which makes it

drop to the bottom. The heating and cooling of the liquid and

gravity create the current. Without heat, convection currents eventually stop.

Examples of Convection: Have you ever noticed that the air near the ceiling is

warmer than the air near the floor? Or that water in a pool is cooler at the deep end?

Examples: air movement in a home (not for this section), pot of heating water.

Explaining Convection Convection currents

cause the cooler breezes you experience by a large body of water.

These currents also cause the movement of magma within the earth.

Convection Currents in EarthHeat from the core and the mantle itself

causes convection currents in the mantle.

Heat TransferRadiation Conduction Convection

The transfer of heat energy through space.

Heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching.

Heat transfer by the movement of currents within a fluid.

From the sun, fire, heat lamp

Spoon in hot pot, ice cube in hand, cheese burger

Boiling soup or water, Earth’s mantle