Section 6

Versailles Treaty and the Fourteen Points

Objective: To evaluate the treaty and American response.

Discussion Question(record in journal – section 6 question)

Do you favor more of a global government…the United States having to

obey rulings passed by the United Nations? Why or why not?

•Peace in the East: Czar Nicholas II overthrown, but democracy was short lived due to Vladimir Lenin who was inspired by the writings of Karl Marx with communism replacing capitalism; and led the Bolsheviks; everyone’s wealth and property was taken by the communists.•Were world leaders (Wilson and Winston Churchill) for or against Lenin? Against

Lenin overthrows the Czar

Lenin takes over

Lenin sets up communism

I’m taking all wealth and property and eliminate all opposition.

I’m taking all wealth and property and eliminate all opposition.

We have to stop him

We have to stop him

Treaty of Brest-LitovskPeace between Russia and Germany

Set off the race to France

Set off the race to France

Set off the race to France

Set off the race to France

Stop Communism; anarchists set up bombs

Red Scare

I’m approving raids to stop Communism

Mitchell Palmer (above)

I’m smashing Communism

J. Edgar Hoover (above)

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashed Communism

Sacco-Vanzetti caseTwo anarchists convicted and executed for robbery and murder. Showed the problem of radicals in the U.S. and that the government was willing to go after radicals.

America on the Western FrontMeuse-Argonne Offensive

Pershing fought and led an American line on the Western Front and was responsible for the Meuse-Argonne Offensive victory which was the turning point. The Germans realized all was lost.

I have 14points to show you guys.

Fourteen Points(Wilson’s plan for peace)

1. No secret treaties2. Freedom of the Seas3. Free trade4. Arms reduction 5. - 13. Territory

adjustment14. League of Nations

End of the warArmistice Nov. 11, 1918

Bonus Point OpportunityArmistice Day was celebrated November 11, but after WWII, it became a new holiday

that we celebrate today. What is the holiday called?

Bonus Point OpportunityVeterans Day

End of the warTreaty of Versailles (Big Four – Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George of Britain, Georges Clemenceau of France, and Vittorio Orlando of Italy.

End of the warVersailles Conference

Wilson went in with the Fourteen Points but ended up agreeing with France and Britain to punish Germany if France and Britain agreed to the League of Nations.

End of the warHarsh on Germany: war guilt, reparations, lost colonies, demilitarize, be occupied for 15 years

Wilson vs. the SenateHenry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the

U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties).

I don’t like the treaty.

Wilson vs. the SenateHenry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the

U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties).

Why not? I think it’s good

Wilson vs. the SenateHenry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the

U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties).

The League of Nations is bad since other nations could commit us to war…

Wilson vs. the SenateHenry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the

U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties).

…plus it’s too open-ended. You can’t form nations just based on ethnicity. Do you want the American Southwest to be independent?

Wilson vs. the SenateLodge only controlled 49 votes (47 seats held by Dems.). If Wilson stayed and negotiated, he could’ve swayed some of the 49 into a compromise. His decision led to him having a stroke.

Well then I’m going to travel the nation and gain public support.

Wilson vs. the SenateThe treaty was not ratified and the U.S. never joined the League of Nations.

Evaluations• World War I was initially called the “war to end all wars.” Obviously, that didn’t

work out. Is it possible to end all war? Why or why not?• Wilson’s Fourteen Points were an example of his Progressive beliefs in which he

saw a more global organization of law. Do you agree with his Fourteen Points, or do they create too much global power infringing on the rights of a independent nations (if agreed to, nations wouldn’t be allow do build defense as they saw fit, charge tariffs, negotiate trade pacts)?

• Was the Treaty of Versailles harsh toward Germany (do you agree with the harshness analysis) or is it justified? Why?

• If you were a senator, would you have ratified the treaty? Why or why not?• Should Wilson have debated and compromised with the Senate or was it a good

idea to travel the nation making speeches to try to get public support (regardless of his stroke)?

• What were the unintended consequences of the treaty (watch video clip and answer from the clip)?

World War IPinheads and Patriots

Give the pinhead label to the person/event that most deserves it.

Give the patriot label to the person/event that most deserves it.

Map: make the changes on your map of Europe.

Did you meet the objective?

How did the treaty impact future world events and impact America?