The Bode‐Screening –
Assessment of the ecological conditions of the Bode river system
Dietrich Borchardt, Michael Rode , Markus Weitere, Karsten
Rinke
& Co24th. September, 2011, Blankenburg
Page 2
Our objective: understanding ecological status and functions of surface waters in a catchment
wide perspective
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Hydrograph (average hydrological year)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
01. O
kt 9
6
31. O
kt 9
6
30. N
ov 9
6
31. D
ez 9
6
30. J
an 9
7
01. M
rz 9
7
01. A
pr 9
7
01. M
ai 9
7
31. M
ai 9
7
01. J
ul 9
7
31. J
ul 9
7
30. A
ug 9
7
30. S
ep 9
7
30. O
kt 9
7
Dis
char
ge [m
³/s]
Hydrograph (average hydrological year)
C-Q: Phosphory = 0,589x0,542-
R20,7 =
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0 20 40 60 80 100
Discharge (m³/s)
Phos
phor
us (m
g P/
l)Phosphorus - Discharge - Relationship
Understanding
surface
waters
as receptors…
NH
NN
CH3
N
N
N
NHNH
CH3
CH3
CH3
SCH3
NH
NNH
O
O
CH3
Multitude of chemicals
“Key toxicants”
OP
OO
O CH3
CH3
Cl
Cl
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Understanding
running
waters
as reactors…
Sewage disposal
Pollutant plumeFast mixing; high turbulence
Plankton
Benthos
Increase of vertical infiltration
velocities by 20 – 30 %
(Schmidt, Borchardt et al.,
Fund. Appl. Limnol., 2009)
Filtr
atio
n of
ent
irew
ater
volu
me
day-
1
(Wei
tere
& A
rndt
. Fre
shw
. Bio
l., 2
002)
Oxidation of 1- 3 g N m-2day-1
(Wagenschein and Rode,
Ecol. Modelling 2008)
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Focal
themes
and sampling
locations
Water quality along
land‐use
gradients
Urban watersheds
and their contribution
to the
contamination of benthic
habitats
Food‐web interactions and biological control
of
eutrophication
Carbon dynamics
of coupled
stagnant
and running
water
systems
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Water quality along land‐use gradients
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Online Water Quality Measurement Stations
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Measurement Sensors and Automatic SamplersSensors
Sampler
Online-Data
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Additional parameters
Sampling with automated samplers:
Phosphorus components (TP, SRP) for load and nutrient turnover (low flow and highflow)
Delta 18O and Deuterium for Runoff component analyses (together with WG Isotope Hydrology)
15N and 18O measurements of nitrate ( low flow periods),differentiation between algal uptake and denitrification
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Online data of e.g. SAK, Nitrate-N and Water Level
Gauge station Meisdorf
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 501 1001 1501 2001 2501 3001
Time (10 min)
Wat
erle
vel [
cm]
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
Nitr
ate-
N (m
g/l)
Water levelSAKNitrate-N
SAK
(mg/
l)
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Primary production and nitrate uptake at gauge station Stassfurt
12000 16000 200000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Chl a
Chl
a (m
g/l)
Time (min)
15000 15200 15400 15600 15800 160000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Chl a
Chl
a (m
g/l)
Time (min)
Chla
17000 17100 17200 17300 174000,0
0,1
2,8
3,0
Nitrate-N
Nitr
ate-
N (m
g/l)
Time (10 min)
Nitrat-N
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Qualified
sampling
(dry
weather
period, base
flow, cold
temperatures)
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ParametersBasic parameters:
Alkalinity (KS 4.3)pH
Anions:ChlorideSulfate
Sensor‐Data:ConductivityTurbidityChlorophyll
Carbon:TICpCO2DOCSUVA 254POC (TOC – DOC)POC Sediment
Macro-nutrients:SilikateAmmoniaNitrateSRPTP surface flow & sedimentN:P Stöchiometry
Biofilms:POCStöchiometry
Potentiall hazardoussubstances:
ArsenicCadmiumCopperNickelLeadZinc
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Example: Ammonia
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Example: Soluble
Reactive
Phosphorus
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Biofilm: POC
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Biofilm: Stöchiometry
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 5000
10
20
30
40
50
60
C:P Biofilm
N:P
Bio
film
N:P Quota highly correlated with C:P Quota(→ Nutrient limitation solely by P)
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Heavy metals: CopperSediment
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Urban
watersheds and contamination of sediments
Sources Sinks
Element concentrations
C, N, P, Al, Co, Fe, Ti, V, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn
i = 1, …, n
sample, j = 1, …, m Element and k = 1, …, p
sourcex –
concentration
in receptor, g –
contribution
and f –
concentration
in source
Hypothesis
and modelling
approach:
Source
contribution
of key
contaminants
can
be
assessed
by
linear mixing
models
Telse
David, Dietrich Borchardt, Wolf von Tümpling, Peter Krebs (2011). Urban wet weather discharge as
source of sediment associated elements in a river bed. Water and
Environment (subm.).
Page 20
Sampling
design
urban watershed and contamination of sediments
Page 21
Rainfall, discharge
in the
River Bode and overflow
events
Telse
David, Dietrich Borchardt, Wolf von Tümpling, Peter Krebs (2011). Stormwater
effluents and element
fingerprints of river sediments. Water Environment Research (subm.).
Page 22
Source
contribution
of stormwater
effluents
for suspended
sediments
and Cu
David, T., Krebs, P., Borchardt D. and W. von Tümpling
(2011). Element patterns
for
particulate
matter in
stormwater
effluents. Wat. Sc. Tech. 63 (12), 3013 ‐3019.
Page 23
Modelling
of receptor
contamination
for different elements
and verification
for
Cu
Telse
David, Dietrich Borchardt, Wolf von Tümpling, Peter Krebs (2011). Stormwater
effluents and element
fingerprints of river sediments. Water Environment Research (subm.).
Page 24
The
Rappbode
Reservoir Observatory
Photo: André Künzelmann (UFZ)
located at Rappbode reservoir (Harz Mountains, Germany)Investment: about 500.000 €Countinuous monitoring of nutrient and carbon fluxes and corresponding ecosystem dynamics
Rappbode ReservoirOne main reservoir and 3 pre-damsDrinking water supplyfor over 1 Mio peopleSurface area: 395 haVolume: 113 Mio m3
Max. depth: 89 mmesotrophic
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Talsperrenbetrieb Sachsen-Anhalt
main reservoirthree pre-dams
Four inflow stations
Real-time & continuousmeasurement of- temperature- conductivity- turbidity- nitrate- DOC
and event-dependentwater sampling byautomated watersamplers
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Three connecting stations
Continuousmeasurement of- temperature- conductivity- turbidity- nitrate- DOC- oxygen- chlorophyll
Talsperrenbetrieb Sachsen-Anhalt
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One offshore station
Meteorological buoy(wind, temperature, humidity, radiation)
Continuous measurement of- temperature- conductivity- turbidity- nitrate- DOC- oxygen- chlorophyll
Talsperrenbetrieb Sachsen-Anhalt
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MOBICOS-Mesocosms
Modular mesocosms•
Laboratory flumes•
Water‐sediment‐columns•
Water columns•
Single, combined, replicable
„By‐pass“
to natural
systems•
Flow‐controls•
Volume‐controls•
Manipulable
dimensions
(physical, chemical, biological)
Mobile location
across
gradients•
„Real water“•
„Real sites“•
„Real replicates“
Large investment
infrastructures
and research
platforms
MOBICOS: MObile aquatic MesoCOSms
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1 Inflow 4 Experimental flume2 Filtration 5 Effluent3 Distribution
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Hyporheic nutrient cycling and trophic transfer (Norf 2011)
Stumm & Morgan (1996) Aquatic Chemistry, 3rd edn.
DOCPOC
CH4
NH4+
PONN2
DOCPOC
CH4
NH4+
PON
N2
Oligotrophic:
Eutrophic:
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Perspectives
and outlook•
Monitoring•
Continuous
hydrological
monitoring
stations
(discharge; water
quality
etc.)•
Catchment
wide
qualified
sampling
(specific
boundary
conditions)
•
Hydromorphological
mapping•
Biological
components
(biota, different trophic
levels, biomass)
•
Biological
processes
(production, respiration
etc.)
•
Experiments•
MOBICOS (Benthic‐pelagic‐coupling; hyoprheic
zones)
•
Modelling•
Multi‐object
calibration
of water
quality
models
•
Realization
of RWQM No1•
Compartmentilisation
approach
(surface
flow, benthic
layer,
hyporheic
zone(s))•
Different trophic
levels
•
Stoichometrie
•
Synthesis
