Session 4- Climate Technology Support: a CTCN country and partner perspective

Findings

During session 4 Shikha Bhasin, RINGO representative to CTCN Advisory Board, reflected on the purpose of CTCN supporting First-of-a-kind technologies. In her opinion data gaps affecting transparency and a strong governance structure are major issues. She urged to get the terminology right to attract interest and to adopt a more systematic approach: not just moving a technology along, but taking a more complete, holistic view. Zimbabwe’s NDE Elisha N. Moyo pushed for a solution on how collaborative RD&D works in practice. In his opinion much on-going work can be integrated; appropriate information-sharing and lessons learned across communities can inform these investments. He encouraged the development of technology programmes that influence on different levels: country, community and family/household. He wished that the CTCN and GCF collaboration on capacity development would continue and that more resources would be earmarked for modelling impacts of climate change in Africa as this could inform the technology choices made by African governments as well as the applicability of First-of-a-Kind approaches implemented on the continent.

The Argentinian NDE Gabriel Blanco encouraged the CTCN not to concentrate on business in isolation but to recall its role within the Technology Mechanism and the work it can contribute across the full breadth of the technology cycle – including supporting research into innovative solutions. In Mr. Blanco’s opinion, cooperative RD&D is among the right action focus for the CTCN in the future but it needs to be matched with predictable funding for CTCN, which has thus far not been forthcoming.

Participants repeatedly raised the role of the adaptation of technologies to a particular market, country or context. This is particularly important for technologies that exist but need to be adapted to a developing world context as well as technologies tailored to needs that exist predominantly in the developing, but not the industrialized, world. There was broad agreement that creating the right market conditions for these approaches would create the proper incentive for the private sector, and multilateral finance, to become more actively involved.

Presentations

Gabriel Blanco, NDE Argentina Elisha N. Moyo, NDE Zimbabwe

Climate Technology support: a CTCN country and partner

perspective

Gabriel Blanco CTCN National Designated Entity

Ministry of Science and Technology &

Universidad Nacional del Centro Argentina

Scoping Workshop

Supporting First-of-a-Kind Climate Technology

UN City, Copenhagen, Denmark 22-23 May, 2017

a bit of history…

Technology and the UNFCCC

• 1992. Technology and the Convention

• 1995. The consultative process

• 2001. Technology transfer framework

• 2007. Bali Action Plan

• 2008. Poznan Strategic Programme on technology transfer

• 2010. The Technology Mechanism (to support the technology cycle!!)

Tech transfer in reality

• Transfer of clean technologies from industrialized countries or private corporations to developing countries usually takes the form of – direct private investment that may bring the technologies to

developing countries but not necessarily the knowledge to replicate, operate and diffuse those technologies.

• Genuine transfer of technologies from developed to

developing countries occurs – mainly through private-public joint-ventures that, in some cases,

leave the technologies and the know-how in the recipient countries, or

– through the purchase of the technology and the licenses/royalties

• What can the UNFCCC do about this?

2015. The Paris Agreement

• Article 10, paragraph 1 – “Parties share a long-term vision on the importance of fully realizing

technology development and transfer in order to improve resilience to climate change and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”

• Article 10, paragraph 5

– “Accelerating, encouraging and enabling innovation is critical for an effective, long-term global response to climate change and promoting economic growth and sustainable development.

– Such effort shall be, as appropriate, supported, including by the Technology Mechanism and, through financial means, by the Financial Mechanism of the Convention, for collaborative approaches to research and development, and facilitating access to technology, in particular for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing country Parties.”

Decision 1/CP.21 - Adoption of the Paris Agreement

• Paragraph 66. – Decides to strengthen the Technology Mechanism

and requests the Technology Executive Committee and the Climate Technology Centre and Network, in supporting the implementation of the Agreement, to undertake further work relating to, inter alia: • (a) Technology research, development and

demonstration;

• (b) The development and enhancement of endogenous capacities and technologies;

Why RD&D in the Paris Agreement?

TEC’s recommendations on R&D?

• 2013 Annual Report

• 2015 Annual Report

• TEC Brief on NSI (2015): Possible Actions by the Technology Mechanism

• 2016 Annual Report

Some statistics

RD&D investment per GDP

Investment in RD&D per capita

Investment in RD&D by financial source

Number of researchers per economically active inhabitants

Cooperative RD&D is the right action looking into the future

• A meaningful process for the development and actual transfer/knowledge of technology can be accomplished by means of cooperative RD&D among public sector, firms and research institutions.

• Cooperative RD&D activities promote cross border movements of skilled scientists, technicians and workers exchanging know-how and experiences; two forms of embodied information that can be crucial for tech development

• Cooperative RD&D would support the demonstration of new technologies, the stage of the technology cycle where neither the public nor the private sector are willing to take investment risks, although demonstration of new technologies is key to successfully close the technology cycle.

• Cooperative RD&D could lead to the creation of new private enterprises and public-private joint ventures that may lead to the sharing of intellectual property rights (IPR) and joint patents.

The role of the TM

• The Technology Mechanism is in a unique position to promote this type of cooperation at international level through both arms, the TEC and the CTCN. – The TEC by providing the conceptual framework and

highlighting the possible barriers and needs for this endeavour to be successful and

– the CTCN by bringing the stakeholders together, helping to organize them and bringing seed funding.

– Possible merge TEC and CTCN is worth exploring

Predictable and adecuate financial resources are needed

• The Technology Mechanism has to be endowed with predictable and sufficient resources to play this role.

• It will be critical to establish links with the Convention’s financial mechanisms, in particular with the Green Climate Fund.

Few additional recommendations (from my side)

• Make it simple when promoting, supporting and implementing

cooperative RD&D actions:

– Do not try to involve “all” institutions in a country

– Do not try to “change” the exisiting regulations and policies

– Do not ask for the activities to be “perfectly aligned” with national

strategies and policies, we may not even have these

– Keep in mind the mutual benefits of the cooperation

– Small RD&D can make the difference (a new practice or a new application of an existing technology)

Solar – electric urban vehicle: “Pampa Solar I and II”

• Power electronics

• Control system

• Estructure design

• Assembling

• Road testing

• Imported parts: – PV cells,

– lithium batteries

– electric motor

THANK YOU / GRACIAS

Gabriel Blanco

Zimbabwe’s experience with CTCN

MOYO Elisha. Na ,

Climate Technology Focal Point aClimate Change Management Department (NDE)

Ministry of Environment, Water & Climate, Zimbabwe E:enmoyo@gmail.com, +263 775 219 592, www.climatechange.org.zw

“Supporting First-of-a-Kind Climate Technology Scoping Workshop

Date: Monday 22 May 2017- 12:35pm to 12:45pm Venue: UN City Copenhagen, Denmark

Outline

1. Background

2. Zim CTCN experience: 3 TAs, GCF module,

SAPP, ZERA.

3. Continued vulnerability & need for more climate

relevance

4. Reflection on the TA and how CTCN could be

improved

5. Lessons learnt and conclusions

Def: Technology - any equipment, technique,

knowledge & skill ...

Background Technology programs to influence individual

decisions

Effectiveness depend on Socio-economic contexts.

Zim’s INDC require USD 90billion$ to attain resilience in the Agriculture sector & have a low carbon pathway in the energy sector.

Agriculture Sector

New genetic stocks for crops and livestock

Water harvesting, conservation and irrigation efficiency

Energy NDC

Energy mix critical for energy security & mitigation Energy sector dominated by coal and

vulnerable hydro.

Poor access to modern energy for domestic use

All these require substantial investment into appropriate means of implementations especially appropriate technology , policy frameworks and finance.

Several barriers intertwined limit technology transfer e.g limited project development skills appear like limited $$$.

Zimbabwe Technical Assistance Requests The UNFCCC Focal Point Nominated CTCN NDE in June 2015 A CTCN Media brief was created and circulated by the NDE,

Informed the public on CTCN Services, Opportunities & called for Requests in line with Country Needs

Development process of the three proposals & Interaction with CTCN

Sharing of country priorities, TA templates, guidelines, eligibility criteria stakeholders

Convene the technical review by a NDE constituted CTCN think-tank and key stakeholders

Submission form is really simple to complete and submission is easy & response within 10days

of the response plan

No Title of Technical Assistance Applicant Status

1 Developing a Climate-Smart Agriculture Manual for

Agriculture Education in Zimbabwe

Green Impact Trust CSA Manual

validated

2 Piloting rapid uptake of industrial energy efficiency

and efficient water utilisation in selected sectors in

Zimbabwe

Business Council for

Sustainable Dvpt-

Zimbabwe/ UNIDO

Response planning

in progress

3 Capacity building on project planning,

development, management, implementation,

monitoring and translation of strategies/policies

into bankable investments

Climate Change

Management Dept-

Ministry of Environment,

Water and Climate

Response planning

stage (Partially

implemented as the

GCF Capacity

Building Module)

4 Development of a Regional Efficient Appliance and

Equipment Strategy in Southern Africa

Southern Africa Power

Pool (SAPP) and 10 SADC

Countries states-Botswana,

Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia,

South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania,

Zambia, Zimbabwe

Submitted 30

0ctober, 2016 and

it has already been

prioritised

E.g. Developing a CSA Manual for Agric Education in Zim

CHALLENGE

* Challenge in adapting Zim’s agric education and farmer training component to climate-smart technologies.

•Farmers & extension staff lack knowledge & training on CSA.

CTCN ASSISTANCE

•Develop a CSA Curriculum for use in Zimbabwe Agriculture Education systems and Agricultural extension work

•each CSA module co-developed by international and local expert)

* Conduct CSA Training of Trainers

* Highlight CSA practices with potential for financing and uptake

Outcomes and impact to date

Enhanced use of low carbon climate resilience practices in agric.

Unlocked >$100k for policy framework 4rom VUNA

Process results being taken into our first GCF Proposal as Climate Smart Packages into our $80million GCF proposal

CTCN Engagement and other actions

CTCN GCF Capacity Development Opportunity

Zim requested CTCN to offer TA to package ideas and

strategies in our National documents, Action Plans into

bankable projects.

Zim was considered to implement this a capacity building

module.

25 participants are taking part in the module and

5 Proposals emerged from the Training, to be refined and

prepared for GCF submission in the next 2-3 months).

[Need for more training]

Participants called for more continued support and repeat of the

training

ZERA Wind Project ToR Request

Our ZERA team wanted to develop ToRs for the Wind

project

CTCN has assisted in developing the ToRs to move the

process forward.

COP22 Support and presentations to the COP

Supported the registration of the Network member,

SIRDC

Statics and Recent Vulnerability Zimbabwe lost over 100 people

from floods in 2016/2017 Need for Resilient Infrastructure

such as bridges & roads

1/3 of population food insecure during 2015/16

Tropical Cyclones, Heat waves, Hailstorms, Violent Winds continue to destroy lives, livelihoods and property.

There is still room for mitigation

All these challenges require appropriate means of implementations especially appropriate technology , policy frameworks and finance

NDCs 33% emissions per capita & Agric

Resilience

Challenges, Lessons learnt & Opportunities Challenges include:

economic restrictions

Limited human $ technical capacity to mobilise

$ to review or implement TNAs, NDCs

Opportunities

Lets build local capacity rather than work for us in-country technology development &

transfer (S South Cooperation and engage local experts)

Inclusion of local experts, officials & Network members

Utilise Africa’s Youth dividend , informal sector & other strengths

ZIM Invites CTCN to assist accessing GCF readiness for NDA/NDE work, broaden TNA / have economy-wide NDCs & projects M&E Infrastructure: Transport Settlement Disaster Reduction & Early Warning

Energy, Agriculture &Forestry

Strengthened resource mobilisation, Project management & other implementation enablers

Conclusion Technology makes things possible …but

…. people make things happen !

Need innovative, climate proof ,& no regret technologies

Avoid mal-adaptation e.g. Solar Harare , Gambia river

Technology approach should include decision-making & thought processes and informed by countries' unique circumstances (top-down and bottom up …)

We can only influence development trajectory. After understanding circumstances &

resource options

We can make Africa developnt low carbon & resilient.

Strengthen the technology mechanism Capacitate NDEs e.g.10% of TA NDE engagements at strategic platforms to

identify opportunities

Lets go beyond low-hanging fruits which exclude the most vulnerable and difficult to reach.

Evidence of Climate Change in

Zimbabwe

Thank you!!! Merci!! Obrigado Xie Xie!!!

For more info, visit

www.climatechange.org.zw