baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #1. ianvari. 2015.
C M Y K
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universiteti
a k a d e m i u r i s a b W o
misamarTi: 6010, q. baTumi,
tel/faqsi: (+995 222) 27 17 87
ninoSvilis q., #35
el.fosta: [email protected]
d a d g e n i l e b a ##4
2015 wlis 22 ianvari, q. baTumi
ssip „baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetis“
reqtoris arCevnebis
gamocxadebis Sesaxeb
„umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos ka-
nonis 21-e muxlis 1-li punqtis, 22-e muxlis 6-8
punqtebis, ssip - baTumis SoTa rusTa¬velis saxel-
mwifo universitetis wesdebis me-8, 25-e, 37-39-e
muxlebisa da akademiuri sabWos 2015 wlis 22 ianv-
ris ?3 dadgenilebis safuZvelze, akademiurma sab-
Wom
d a a d g i n a:
1. ssip - „baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universiteti“-s (bsu-s) reqtoris Tanamdebobis
dasakaveblad arCevnebi gamocxaddes 2015 wlis 22
ianvars;
2. bsu-s reqtoris Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad
kandidats moeTxoveba:
a) umaRlesi ganaTleba;
b) doqtoris an masTan gaTanabrebuli akademiu-
ri xarisxi.
g) 5 wlis samuSao staJi;
d) samoqmedo gegma.
3. kandidatTa registracia iwarmoebs bsu–s sa-
arCevno komisiaSi (q.baTumi, ninoSvilis q. #35,
oTaxi #4), 2015 wlis 23 Tebervlidan 2015 wlis 6
martis CaTvliT, SabaT–kvirisa da uqme dReebis
garda, 10 sT-dan 16 sT-mde.
4. kandidatma unda warmoadginos:
a) samoqmedo gegma;
b) piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;
g) 2 cali fotosuraTi, zomiT;
d) avtobiografia (C.V.)e) umaRlesi ganaTlebisa da doqtoris an masTan
gaTanabrebuli akademiuri xarisxis damadasture-
beli dokumentebis saTanado wesiT damowmebuli
aslebi;
v) amonaweri Sromis wignakidan/informacia
SromiTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb;
z) cnoba narkologiuri Semowmebis Sesaxeb;
T) cnoba nasamarTlobis Sesaxeb;
5. bsu-s reqtoris arCevnebi Catardes 2015 wlis
16 marts. reqtoris arCevnebamde bsu-s akademiuri
sabWo moismens bsu-s reqtorobis kandidatis samo-
qmedo gegmas.
6. bsu-s reqtoris arCevnebis gamocxadebis
Sesaxeb gancxadeba ganTavsdes bsu-s veb-gverdze
da bsu-Si yvelasaTvis TvalsaCino adgilebze (sain-
formacio dafebze) kandidatebis registraciis
vadis dasrulebamde, aseve gamoqveyndes gazeTSi
"baTumis universiteti".
7. dadgenileba amoqmeddes xelmowerisTanave.
akademiuri sabWos sxdomis Tavmjdomare,
profesori guram Caganava
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelm-
wifo universitetis humanitarul
mecnierebaTa fakultetis qarTvelo-
logiis centris mesame saerTaSoriso
samecniero konferencia gaimarTa Te-
maze „muhajirebi“. samecniero sesia
`sazRvargareT mcxovreb qarTvelTa
dasaxlebebisa da yofis kvlevis“ pro-
eqtis farglebSi Catarda da miznad
isaxavda bolo erTi wlis warmoebuli
kvleva-Ziebis Sedegebis gacnobas.
konferenciaze qarTvel mecniereb-
Tan erTad ucxoelma mkvlevrebma me-
19 saukuneSi samxreT saqarTvelodan
TurqeTis Sida provinciaSi gadasax-
lebuli qarTvelebis (muhajirebis)
istoriisa da maT STamomavalTa Tana-
medrove yofisadmi miZRvnili moxse-
nebebi warmoadgines.
erdoRan Senoli da mustafa qola-
Ti konferenciis muSaobaSi moxsene-
biT „qarTuli enis jgufi nurosmani-
es skolaSi“ sofel nurosmaniedan Ca-
erTnen da TurqeTSi saqarias provin-
ciis geives raionis sofel nurosmani-
es skolaSi arsebuli qarTuli enis
Semswavleli jgufis saqmianoba gaac-
nes.
mesame saerTaSoriso samecniero
konferencia `muhajirebi~
USAID-is proeqt „mmarTveloba ganviTare-
bisTvis“ warmomadgenlebi baTumis SoTa rusTa-
velis saxelmwifo universitets ewvivnen. umaR-
lesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis reqto-
ris moadgileebTan irakli baramiZesa da naTia
wiklaSvilTan gamarTul Sexvedraze proeqtis
xelmZRvanelma mailo stevanoviCma samomavlo
TanamSromlobis mimarTulebebsa da perspeqti-
vebze isaubra. mxareTa SeTanxmebiT, daigegma
erToblivi proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, stu-
dentebis CarTva staJirebis programaSi, saja-
ro leqciebisa da treningebis Catareba.
organizacia `moqalaqis~ proeqtis
`studentebi TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis~
farglebSi baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetSi treningebi
gaimarTa. proeqtSi pirvel etapze bsu-s
studentebisagan dakompleqtebuli 12
gundi monawileobda, romelTagan meo-
re da mesame turze gadasvlis SesaZleb-
loba 6-s mieca. axalgazrdebs swavleba
CautardaT TviTmmarTvelobis arsis,
kvlevis meTodebis, adgilobrivi sabiu-
jeto procesis Sesaxeb. proeqts Sefase-
bisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centri
axorcielebs da miznad isaxavs axalgaz-
rdebis CarTvas samoqalaqo sazogadoe-
bis ganviTarebis procesSi, adgilobri-
vi demokratiis gaZlierebas, TviTmmar-
Tvelobis ideis popularizacias.
proeqti ,,studentebi TviTmmarT-
velobisaTvis“ iTvaliswinebs:
studentebis mier municipalite-
tebis saWiroebebis Seswavla/analizs,
municipalitetebis ganviTarebis geg-
misa da adgilobrivi biujetis alter-
natiuli proeqtebis SemuSavebas,
studentTa profesiuli ganviTa-
rebis xelSewyobas.
meore etapi - konkretul municipa-
litetSi arsebuli problemebis kvle-
vasa da analitikuri dokumentis mom-
zadebazea fokusirebuli. gundebma
konkretul municipalitetSi arsebu-
li viTarebis Seswavlisa da analizis
safuZvelze unda moamzadon analiti-
kuri dokumenti „municipalitetis
problemebi da saWiroebebi”;
meore etapi Sedgeba ori nawilisa-
gan: pirveli nawili iTvaliswinebs
studentTa gundebis mier saproeqto
winadadebis momzadebasa da wardgenas
(saproeqto winadadebaSi aRwerili iq-
neba analitikuri dokumentis momza-
debisaTvis saWiro aqtivobebi, kvle-
vis/Sefasebis meTodologia, biujeti
da sxv.); pirveli nawilis Semdeg gunde-
bi iReben ukukavSirs (komisiis mosaz-
rebas, SeniSvnas, rekomendacias). meore
nawili ki konkretul municipalitet-
Si arsebuli problemebis kvlevasa da
analitikuri dokumentis momzadebaze,
arsebuli biujetis analizzea fokusi-
rebuli.
mesame etapi iTvaliswinebs koncep-
tualuri dokumentis - „municipali-
tetis ganviTarebis xedva” momzadebas.
masSi asaxuli unda iyos gamovlenili
problemebis daZlevis gzebi, munici-
palitetis ganviTarebis gegma da mom-
devno wlis biujeti.
organizacia „moqalaqe” proeqtis
gamarjvebul konkursantebs prizebs
gadascems da saswavlo-SemecnebiTi
turs moawyobs evropis ganviTarebuli
TviTmmarTvelobis mqone qveynebSi.
Sexvedra USAID-is proeqt `mmarTveloba
ganviTarebisTvis~ xelmZRvanelTan
proeqti `studentebi TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis~
2 iiaannvvaarrii
2014 wlis zafxulSi q.
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelobis saxelmwifo uni-
versitetSi rusTavelis
erovnuli samecniero fon-
dis dafinansebiT Catarda
sazafxulo skola „kvlevis
meTodebi masalaTmcodne-
obaSi“. sazafxulo skolis
dasasruls, leqtorebma
SearCies 2 studenti, ro-
melTac wilad xvda Sveica-
riis laboratoriaSi gamg-
zavreba. maT Soris viyavi
me, ana sliusareva fizikis
me-3 kursis studenti da
Tornike qimeriZe (T.s.u-s
magistri). Cems sixaruls
sazRvari ar hqonda, radgan
udides gamocdilebas mivi-
Rebdi.
mowveva miviReT PaulScherrer-is institutidan,
romelic mdebareobs Svei-
cariaSi, q.burgSi. TiTqmis
aTi dRis ganmavlobaSi 14
dekembridan 22 dekembris
CaTvliT mqonda pativi sa-
kuTari TvaliT mexila eqs-
perimentuli fizikis sao-
cari „samyaro“. Tvaluwv-
deneli, giganturi danad-
garebiT aRWurvili labo-
ratoriis danaxvisas aRta-
cebuli davrCi, radgan is
marTlac STambeWdavi iyo.
aq,ucxo qveynebidan Camo-
suli profesori da stu-
dentebi damxvdnen,romle-
bic sxvadasxva eqsperemen-
tebze muSaobdnen,rogori-
caa,magaliTad rentgenis
gamosxiveba Tu kristalebis
gazrda.Cven ki,vmuSaobdiT
miuonis spinis brunvaze.
miuoni aris elementa-
ruli nawilaki,romelic
warmoiqmneba pionis daSlis
Sedegad.misi sicocxlis
xangrZlivoba daaxloebiT
2,2 mkwm-ia.
MSRht tps : / / en .w ik ipe -dia.org/wiki/Muon_spin_spect-roscopy (muon spin rotation) es
aris eqsperementaluri
teqnika, romelic dafuZne-
bulia spin-polarizebuli
miuonebis implantaciaze
nivTierebaSi.jer kidev
1957 wels nawinaswarmety-
velebi iyo,rom polarize-
buli dadebiTi da uaryo-
fiTi miuoni iqneba mZlavri
saSualeba rom gamovikvli-
oT magnituri veli birTv-
Si, atomsa Tu atomTSoris
regionebSi.miuonebis gamo-
yeneba magnituri Tvisebe-
bis Sesaswavlad daiwyo 70-
ian wlebSi.Cveulebriv,po-
larizebuli dadebiti miu-
oni implantirebulia ni-
muSSi,sadac xdeba misi pre-
cesia magnitur velSi im ad-
gilas,sadac is „isvenebs“
.miuonis daSla xdeba po-
zitronis gamosxivebiT.mi-
uonis sxvadasxva pozicieb-
Si iwereba histograma-
Si,romelic Seicavs sasar-
geblo informacias magni-
turi velis Sesaxeb(im adgi-
las ,sadac moxda miuonis
daSla).
eqsperimentis msvlelo-
ba:
Cveni mizani iyo magnitu-
ri velis SeRwevadobis siR-
rmis temperaturaze damo-
kidebulebis gansazRvra.
magnituri SeRwevadobis
siRrme aris erT-erTi fun-
damentaluri parametri
zegamtarebSi. swored MSRgvaZlevs saSualebas gav-
zomoT me-2gvaris zegam-
tarebSi.
Cven aviReT nimuSi Ba1-xRbxFe2As2. Rb-is Seyvana
sistemaSi iwvevs xvrelebis
gaCenas,es ki , Tavis mxriv
,zegamtarobas.es nimuSi mi-
iReba BaFe2As2 da RbFe2As2
sinTezirebiT 950 °C da 650
°C Sesabamisad.nimuSSi mo-
vaTavseT indiumi,imisaT-
vis,rom gavzomoT modebu-
li wneva dabal temperatu-
raze.CvenTvis cnobilia in-
diumis zegamtaruli gadas-
vlis temperatura-3,4K Cve-
ulebriv,anu atmosferul
wnevaze.nimuSi davamonta-
JeT gazis nakadSi da mova-
TavseT kriostatSi.nimuSi
gavaciveT Txevadi azotis
saSualebiT im temperatu-
ramde,romelic gvWirdebo-
da,anu romel temperatu-
raze gamoavlens Cveni nimu-
Si segamtarul Tvisebebs.
nimuSis amoRebis Semdeg
davelodeT mis galRobas
da movaTavseT radiaciul
zonaSi.Semdeg ki process
vakontrolebdiT kompiu-
teris saSualebiT.
Tavdapirvelad gavake-
TeT kalibrireba.Sevcva-
leT miuonis momenti da
vnaxeT ra momentis dros
hqonda miuonebs maqsima-
luri fraqcia(raodenoba
nimuSSi)
meore,rac gavakeTeT,op-
timizacia,anu vertikalu-
ri skanireba.vamoZraveT ni-
muSi vertikaluri mimar-
TulebiT da aseve vpou-
lobdiT,romel pozicias
Seesabameba miuonebis maq-
simaluri raodenoba nimuS-
Si.
es procesi gavimeoreT
ramodenimejer, Tan vcvli-
diT nimuSze modebul wne-
vas. Sedegebisa da Sesabami-
si grafikebis damuSaveba
ver moxerxda, radgan ami-
saTvis, rogorc agvixsnes,
Tveebia saWiro. Cveni iq
yofnis periodSi SegveZlo
mxolod eqsperimentis Ca-
tareba. Tumca, xelmZRvane-
lis TqmiT, Cveni Sedegebi
sakmaod zusti aRmoCnda.
yvelafers, rom Tavi dava-
neboT miviReT udidesi ga-
mocdileba, Tanaxma molo-
dins gadaaWarba.
ana sliusareva
fizikis specialobis
mesame kursis studenti
STabeWdilebebi eqsperimentuli
fizikis `samyarodan~
saswavlo praqtika germaniaSiturizmis fakultetis mesame da meoTxe kursis 20 studenti saswavlo praq-
tikas germaniaSi turizmis industriis organizaciebSi gadis. studentebs 2
Tvis ganmavlobaSi saSualeba eqnebaT gaecnon sastumros yvela ZiriTadi struq-
turuli erTeulis funqcionirebas. Teoriul codnis miRebasTan erTad, stu-
dentebi aqtiurad iqnebian CarTuli sastumros yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi. sas-
wavlo praqtika uzrunvelyofilia germaniis Sverinis baltikis kolejTan ga-
formebuli memorandumis safuZvelze.
`qimia da yoveldRiuroba~sabunebismetyvelo
mecnierebaTa da jan-
dacvis fakultetis qi-
miis departamentis or-
ganizebiT sajaro da
kerZo skolebis moswav-
leebisaTvis vorqSofi
moewyo Temaze: „qimia da
yoveldRiuroba“. qimi-
is da jandacvis specia-
lobebis studentebma:
zeinab gobaZem, vara
iremaZem, ana mefariS-
vilma da xatia CxaiZem
naSromebi warmoadgi-
nes qimiis, ekologiisa
da jandacvis aqtua-
lur problemebze. axalgazrdebma yuradReba gaamaxviles moswavleebisTvis
iseT mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze, rogoricaa: kvebis produqtebis falsifikacia,
qimia da Warbi wona, axali samedicino preparatebi, axali biologiuri polimere-
bis sinTezi.
3iiaannvvaarrii
sul axlaxan gamomcemloba `meri-
dianma saqarTvelos teqnikuri univer-
sitetis `konfliqtebis daregulire-
bis samarTlebrivi, politikuri da
ekonomikuri kvlevebis centris~ mier
proeqtis `saqarTvelos afxazeTi da
CineTis honkongi~ (Ziebani konfliqtis
daregulirebisaTvis) farglebSi ga-
mosca saqarTvelos teqnikuri univer-
sitetis profesorebis, politikisa da
samarTlis mecnierebaTa doqtoris
jemal gaxokiZis da socialur mecnie-
rebaTa akademiuri doqtoris sofo mi-
delaSvilis mier momzadebuli naSro-
mi `honkongi, CineTi 1997~, romlis re-
daqtorebi arian saqarTvelos teqni-
kuri universitetis reqtori, akademi-
kosi arCil frangiSvili da saqarTve-
los parlamentis sagareo urTierTo-
baTa komitetis Tavjdomare Tedo ja-
fariZe.
rogorc naSromidan sCans, avtorTa
gadawyvetileba amgvari naSromis Seqm-
nis Sesaxeb ganapiroba saqarTveloSi
arsebulma mougvarebelma konfliq-
tebma, radgan miuxedavad saqarTvelos
xelisuflebisa da saqarTvelos mego-
bari qveynebis ocwliani Zalisxmevisa,
konfliqtebis daregulirebis mxriv
mdgomareoba ar icvleba da faqtobri-
vad arc ukeTesoba igrZnoba. amdenad,
aseT viTarebaSi saWiro gaxda saqarT-
veloSi arsebuli konfliqtebis dare-
gulirebis axali gzebisa da formebis
Zieba, romelic mxolod maT mSvidobia-
nad gadawyvetas daemyareba.
naSromis avtorebisaTvis honkon-
gis fenomeni metad saintereso aRmoCn-
da, radgan 1997 wlis pirvel ivliss
honkongis dedasaxelmwifoSi dabru-
neba marTlac unikaluri movlena da
arsebuli realobaa.
swored amitom miiCnies naSromis
avtorebma saWirod saqarTveloSi ar-
sebuli konfliqtebis honkongis
msgavsad gadawyveta da naSromSi gad-
mogvces konfliqtis gadawyvetis ro-
gorc istoriuli, ise politikur-sa-
marTlebrivi da ekonomikuri aspeqte-
bis analizi da Sesabamisi gzebis, for-
mebisa da meTodebis Zieba saqarTvelo-
sa da mis gandgomil regionebTan mi-
marTebaSi.
Aaqedan gamomdinare, naSromis Zi-
riTadi mizania Catarebuli kvlevis
Sedegad gamokveTili ZiriTadi aspeq-
tebis, kerZod CineTTan honkongis mi-
erTebis politikuri faqtisa da doku-
menturi masalebis farTo sazogadoe-
bisaTvis gacnoba, radgan CineTis mier
honkongis mierTebis aseTi warmatebu-
li gadawyveta Zalze saintereso da sa-
yuradReboa, miT umetes, rogorc naS-
romidan irkveva, am mimarTulebiT sa-
qarTveloSi arc naSromi Seqmnila da
arc kvleva Catarebula.
naSromSi metad sainteresod da Si-
naarsianad aris gadmocemuli honkon-
gis CineTSi mSvidobiani dabrunebis Se-
saxeb. es marTlac unikaluri da upre-
cedento SemTxveva iyo, romlis analo-
gi msoflioSi naklebad Tu moiZebneba,
imis miuxedavad, rom erTis mxriv Cine-
Tis saxalxo respublikaSi socializ-
mis, xolo meore mxriv - honkongSi kapi-
talizmis arsebobis gamo am qveynebs
Soris SeuTavseblobisa da dapirispi-
rebis uamravi winapiroba arsebobda.
magram, rogorc naSromSia aRniSnuli,
es winaaRmdegoba gadailaxa ZiriTadad
CineTis xelisuflebis mxridan gamoCe-
nili pragmatuli da realpolitikaze
damyarebuli politikuri nebiT.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, honkongis
CineTSi mSvidobiani dabruneba upre-
cedento SemTxveva da diplomatiis
udidesi gamarjveba iyo, ris Sedegad
realurad konfliqti mSvidobiani
gziT iqna gadawyvetili. honkongis fe-
nomeni metad sainteresoa Cvens qveya-
naSi arsebuli konfliqtis gadawyve-
tis gzebisa da formebis ZiebisaTvis.
amasTanave, naSromis avtorebis azriT
honkongis gavlili gza konfliqtis
mSvidobiani mogvarebisaTvis, Cveni re-
alobidan gamomdinare kritikuladaa
gasaanalizebeli, angariSgasawevi da
mxedvelobaSi misaRebi.
naSromis avtorebma swored am miz-
niT SemogvTavazes gansjisaTvis maT
mier Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebi, ro-
melsac vfiqrobT qarTuli sazogado-
ebis didi nawili, yvela dargis specia-
listebi, zogadad ki saqarTvelos te-
ritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgeniT yve-
la dainteresebuli mkiTxveli gaecno-
ba.
naSromis Rirsebad unda CaiTvalos
is faqti, rom misma avtorebma SeimuSa-
ves saxelmwifo mowyobis sakmaod gabe-
duli modeli teritoriuli konfliq-
tis mSvidobianad mogvarebis unika-
lur precendentebTan dakavSirebiT
da is gansjisaTvis mkiTxvels warud-
gines.
sayuradReboa, rom kvlevis Sede-
gebTan erTad naSromSi avtorebi mki-
Txvels sTavazobs ori ZiriTadi doku-
mentis qarTul Targmans, kerZod didi
britaneTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis
gaerTianebuli samefos mTavrobisa da
CineTis saxalxo respublikis mTavro-
bis 1984 wlis erTobliv deklaracias
honkongis Temaze da CineTis saxalxo
respublikis honkongis specialuri
administraciuli regionis konstitu-
cias, romelic safuZvlad daedo naS-
romSi SemoTavazebul daskvnebs da Se-
fasebebs honkongsa da CineTs Soris
aRdgenil urTierTobebTan dakavSire-
biT, CineTTan honkongis mierTebis po-
litikur movlenas.
swored didi britaneTisa da Cine-
Tis erToblivi deklaracia da honkon-
gis konstitucia gaxda honkongisaTvis
sruli ekonomikuri da finansuri Ta-
visuflebis miniWebis politikur sa-
marTlebrivi safuZveli. amis Sedegad,
20 wlis ganmavlobaSi honkongi gaxda
msoflios erT-erTi wamyvani saerTa-
Soriso finansuri centri.
naSromis bolos avtorebis mier
swored CineTisa da honkongis gaerTi-
anebisa da erTad yofnis 17 wlis peri-
odis damaxasiaTebeli politikuri da
samarTlebrivi safuZvlebia gaanali-
zebuli.
rogorc naSromidan sCans warmod-
genili proeqtis mimarT interess
iCens saqarTvelos mTavroba.
warmodgenili naSromi gansjisaT-
vis mkiTxvelTa farTo wreebisaTvis
aris gankuTvnili, romelic Zalian sa-
interesod ikiTxeba.
sasixaruloa is faqtic, rom ro-
gorc naSromis avtorebi gvamcnoben
saqarTvelos teqnikuri universite-
tis `konfliqtebis daregulirebis sa-
marTlebrivi, politikuri da ekonomi-
kuri kvlevebis centri~ muSaobas agr-
Zelebs proeqtis meore nawiliT gaTva-
liswinebul ufro mniSvnelovan prob-
lemebze. kerZod, saqarTveloSi arse-
buli konfliqtebis daregulirebis
mSvidobiani gzebis Ziebis mimarTule-
biT da gvpirdebian mecnieruli kvle-
vis, CineT-honkongis gamocdilebis
analizisa da arsebuli mdgomareobis
safuZvelze afxazeTisa da e. w. samx-
reT oseTisaTvis SesaTavazebeli wina-
dadebebis axali paketis momzadebas,
romelic avtorTa azriT unda gaxdes
konfliqtebis daregulirebis saqarT-
velos saxelmwifo politikis Semadge-
neli nawili.
minda metad saintereso naSromis
gamocemisaTvis madloba gadavuxado
avtorebs, romelTa didi Sromis Sede-
gad gaxda xelmisawvdomi warmodgeni-
li naSromi qarTuli sazogadoebisaT-
vis. maT warmatebebs Semdgom saqmiano-
baSi.
givi abaSiZe,
samarTlis doqtori
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo
universitetis
asocirebuli profesori
saintereso wigni teritoriul
mTlianobasTan dakavSirebuli
konfliqtis mSvidobianad gadawyvetis
unikaluri precendentis Sesaxeb
2015 wlis dasawyisidan
Cvens universitetis fizika-
maTematikisa da kompiuterul
mecnierebaTa fakultetis
kompiuterul mecnierebaTa
departamentis bazaze funqci-
onireba daiwyo evropuli do-
nis Tanamedrove saswavlo sa-
mecniero laboratoriam
WEBLAB. laboratoria Seqmni-
lia tempusis proeqtis gran-
tis farglebSi, romelSic Car-
Tulni arian Cveni universite-
tis profesorebi da TanamS-
romlebi: Tamaz beriZe, gulad
fartenaSe, zaza daviTaZe,
omar nakaSiZe, oTar janeliZe
da zaur gamiSiZe.
laboratoriis inovaciu-
roba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom
studentebs sam sxvadasxva sa-
ganSi (robototeqnika, analo-
guri da cifruli eleqtroni-
ka) laboratoriuli samuSaoe-
bisa da eqsperimentebis Cata-
reba SeuZliaT distanciurad,
„onlain“ reJimSi, rac saSua-
lebas iZleva mcire farTobze
ganlagebuli laboratoria
xelmisawvdomi gaxdes sxvadas-
xva specialobebis didi rao-
denoba studentebisaTvis. uf-
ro gasagebad rom vTqvaT, stu-
denti aRniSnul sagnebSi miRe-
bul davalebebs Seasruleben
kompiuterisa da internetis
gamoyenebiT distanciurad
maTTvis sasurvel dros, xo-
lo leqtori studentis mier
Sesrulebul samuSaos Seamow-
mebs kvlav internetis saSua-
lebiT. laboratoriaSi gan-
Tavsebulia specialuri da-
niSnulebis eleqtronuli apa-
ratura egreTwodebuli
„VISIR” analoguri eleqtro-
nikis Sesaswavlad „FPGA“ da-
nadgari cifruli eleqtroni-
kisa da sqemoteqnikis Sesas-
wavlad. aqvea Tanamedrove mik-
rokontrolerebiTa da senso-
ruli teqnikiT aRWurvili
mcire zomis moZravi robotis
modeli, romlis marTva SesZ-
lebelia internetiT da labo-
ratoriaSi ganTavsebuli vi-
deoTvalis saSualebiT momx-
marebeli Tvals adevnebs mis
progarmul moZraobas.
laboratoria internet-
kavSirSia espneTis qalaq de-
ustos universitetis analo-
giur laboratoriasTan, rac
saSualebas iZleva, rom Cveni
laboratoriis dakavebulobis
SemTxvevaSi amocanis gadarT-
va avtomaturad mo-
xdeba deustos la-
boratoriaSi, sadac
students SeuZlia
igive samuSaoebis
Sesruleba rac ba-
Tumis laboratori-
aSi da piriqiT, de-
ustos laborato-
riis dakavebis Sem-
TxvevaSi amocanis
gadmorTva moxdeba
baTumis universi-
tetSi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom labora-
toriaSi dagegmilia amocane-
bis sakuTari ZalebiT damate-
ba mecnierebis sxvadasxva sfe-
rosaTvis. amJamad ki kompiu-
terul mecnierebaTa departa-
mentis ori studenti amzadebs
sadiplomo naSromebs aRniS-
nul sferoSi.
zaza daviTaZe
kompiuterul mecnierebaTa
departamentis asocirebuli
profesori, doqtori
evropuli laboratoria fizika-maTematikisa
da kompiuterul mecnierebaTa fakultetze
4 iiaannvvaarrii
pirdapiri ucxouri inves-
ticiebi nebismieri qveynis
ekonomikuri ganviTarebis
erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvne-
lovani faqtoria. politiku-
ri da ekonomikuri stabilu-
roba warmatebis qvakuTxedi
da yvelaze Zlieri ber-ketia
mTavrobis xelSi. mimzidveli
biznesgaremo saerTaSoriso
organizaciebisa da biznesme-
nebis keTilganwyoba, marTa-
lia ara mTavari, magram erT-
erTi gadamwyveti faqtoria
Zlieri strategiis SesamuSa-
veblad. gama-rTuli marke-
tingi da PR, ara gadamwyveti,
Tumca gamarjvebisaTvis au-
cilebeli winapirobaa. sa-
xelmwifo moxeleebi, minist-
rebi, parlamentarebi da sxva
maRali rangis warmomadgen-
lebi warmoadgenen taqtikis
gansazRvrisaTvis sasicocx-
lo mniSvnelobis elements.
msoflio finansuri kri-
zisi da geopolitikuri aras-
tabiluroba finansuri re-
sursebis simciris gamomwvevi
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani mi-
zezia. amas emateba saqarTve-
los mTavrobis mier daSvebu-
li mniSvnelovani Secdomebi,
rac seriozul safrTxes uqm-
nis Cveni qveynis ekonomikur
winsvlas. amis dasakompensi-
reblad saWiroa saqarTve-
los xelisuflebam Seqmnas
mimzidveli biznesgaremo,
rac gamoixateba maRali sare-
itingo qulebis miRebiT
msoflio bankis mier warmoe-
buli iseT mniSvnelovan
kvlevaSi, rogoricaa: DoingBusiness. am kvlevas did ndo-
bas ucxadeben ucxoeli biz-
nesmenebi da organizaciebi.
mimzidveli biznesgaremos
formirebis demonstrirebaa
agreTve gaumjobesebuli
mTliani Siga produqtis maC-
veneblebi, rogorc absolu-
turi, aseve mosaxleobis erT
sulze gaangariSebiTac (saqs-
tati, 2014); Zlieri da samar-
Tliani sakanonmdeblo bazis
Seqmna, kriminalisgan Tavisu-
fali garemo, sando mTavroba
da sxva (IMF, 2013);
ar aqvs mniSvneloba ra Se-
degebs miaRwia ama Tu im mTav-
robam swori marketinguli
da PR svlebiT. mTavaria is,
rom minimaluri Sedegis maq-
simalurad warmoCenam da, pi-
riqiT, arasworma marketing-
ma udidesi miRwevebic SesaZ-
loa SeumCnevlad datovos.
udavoa, rom politikosebisa
da Cinovnikebis mier masobriv
sainformacio saSualebebSi
gakeTebuli ganacxadebi udi-
dees rols TamaSoben qveynis
biznes-garemos formirebaSi.
Tumca, maTi SesaZleblobebi
da moqmedebis areali SezRu-
dulia drosa da sivrceSi.
ufro metic, zogad politi-
kas, rogorc wesi, winaswar
gansazRvruli gegma ganapi-
robebs, xolo politikosebi,
parlamentarebi da sxva saxe-
lmwifo moxeleebi ki poli-
tikis sisruleSi moyvanis su-
bieqtebia,
saqarTveloSi Camoyali-
bebuli negatiuri biznes-si-
tuaciis miuxedavad, saWiroa
Cveni qveynis xelisuflebam
gadadgas adekvaturi nabije-
bi. msoflio finansuri kri-
zisi, romelmac 2008 wels
mTels msoflioSi gamanadgu-
rebeli dartyma miayena, sa-
qarTveloSi faqtobrivad,
SeumCnevlad Caiara. es ganpi-
robebuli iyo ara saqarTve-
los ekonomikis mdgradobiT
da mTavrobis swori politi-
kiT, aramed, ruseT-saqarT-
velos omiT, romlis damang-
reveli Sedegebis aRmosafxv-
relad, saerTaSoriso Tana-
megobrobam, saqarTvelos
mTavrobis mier moTxovnili
3.5 miliardi dolaris ode-
no-bis daxmarebis nacvlad,
4.5 miliardi dolaris pake-
tiT guluxvad „daasaCuqra“
(savaraudod, am omSi dauxma-
reblobis „danaSaulis“ gamo-
sasyidad).
yvelasaTvis cnobilia,
rom saqarTvelo geopoliti-
kurad arastabilur garemoSi
mdebareobs, rasac qveynis
SigniT mougvarebeli konf-
liqtebi erTvis. aRniSnuls
emateba ruseTTan garTule-
buli urTierToba, rac Zal-
ze rTulad dasaZlev prob-
lemas warmoadgens. amitom
Cveni qveynis mTavrobis mier
geopolitikur WrilSi ga-
dadgmuli yoveli nabiji
udides sibrZnes moiTxovs.
realobaa is faqti, rom bolo
10 wlis ganmavlobaSi qarTve-
li biznesmenebi cdilobdnen
ucxoeli partniorebis biz-
nesebs amofarebodnen, Tum-
ca, rig SemTxvevaSi, mTavro-
bas arc saerTaSoriso skan-
dalebi adardebda. SesaZloa,
romelime investoris „daCag-
vra“ mTavrobas martivad ga-
mosdioda, magram, mTliano-
baSi, liberaluri da prog-
resuli reputaciis Selaxva
dRiTi-dRe Zlierdeboda.
yvelaferTan erTad, sa-
qarTvelos mTavrobam droe-
biT moiWra Tavisi administ-
raciuli resursis gamoyene-
bis SesaZlebloba, xan disk-
retiuli mmarTvelobis gan-
xorcielebiT, xan gamoucde-
li kadrebisa da susti poli-
tikis gatarebiT. zemoT aR-
niSnulis gamo saqarTveloSi
rogorc adre Semosuli, ase-
ve Semosvlis msurveli inves-
torebi gadasulni arian mo-
lodinis reJimSi. amis Sede-
gad mniSvnelovnad
iklo Cvens qveyana-
Si Semosuli ucxo-
uri investiciebis
moculobam. imavd-
roulad, meore
mxriv, bolo peri-
odSi sakmaod gai-
zarda saqarT-
velodan sazRvar-
gareT ganxorcie-
lebuli investi-
ciebis moculobac.
gansakuTrebulad
ki qarTveli inves-
torebi sazRvarga-
reT 2012 wels aqti-
urobdnen, swored
maSin, rodesac
Cvens qveyanaSi
arastabiluri vi-
Tareba iyo. saqarT-
veloSi daSvebulma Secdo-
mebma da saarCevno periodSi
Seqmnilma gaurkvevlma situ-
aciam „daafrTxo“ ara marto
ucxoeli, aramed adgilobri-
vi investorebic. isini iZule-
bulni gaxdnen droebiT Tavi
SekavebinaT axali kapitalda-
bandebisagan an Seemcirebi-
naT saqarTveloSi adre in-
vestirebuli kapitalis ode-
noba, Sesabamisad maT unda
daebandebinaT kapitali sa-
zRvargareT. Sedegad, saqar-
Tvelo kvlav rCeba pirdapiri
ucxouri investiciebis wmin-
da importiori, rac tipiuri
ganviTarebadi qveynebis eko-
nomikisTvisaa damaxasiaTebe-
li.
investiciebisa da Semo-
savlebis gadinebiT gamowve-
uli katastrofuli Sedege-
bis Tavidan asacileblad,
calke ganxilvis sagans war-
moadgens Semodinebuli pir-
dapiri ucxouri iinvesticie-
bisa da misgan miRebuli Se-
mosavlebis gadinebis ten-
denciebi. saqarTveloSi. bo-
lo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi
(2009-2013 w.w.) pirdapir uc-
xour iinvesticiebze dari-
cxuli wminda mogeba sul uf-
ro uaxlovdeba drois imave
periodSi saqarTveloSi Se-
modinebuli pirdapiri ucxo-
uri iinvesticiebis maCveneb-
lebs.
2011-2013 wlebSi zemoaR-
niSnulma wminda mogebam Sesa-
bamis wels Seadgina Semodine-
buli pirdapiri ucxouri iin-
vesticiebis daaxloebiT 80%,
rac, erTi SexedviT, savsebiT
logikuria da naTlad migva-
niSnebs imaze, rom ucxoeli
investori ara saqarTvelos,
aramed sakuTar gamdidrebasa
da keTildReobazea orienti-
rebuli. 1997-2013 wlebSi sa-
qarTvelo ucxoeli investo-
rebisaTvis gadaiqca mxolod
fulis keTebis adgilad. sa-
qarTvelodan investiciebze
daricxuli Semosavlis saxiT
gatanilia 4.3 mlrd dolari,
maSin rodesac mTlianma in-
vesticiebma imave periodSi
Seadgina mxolod 11.5 mlrd
dolari. saWiroa am viTare-
bis gamosworeba. unda mox-
des investorTa ufro metad
daintereseba ukve miRebuli
Semosavlebis reinvestireba-
Si dabandebis kuTxiT, radga-
nac reinvestirebis dRevan-
deli maCvenebeli (jamuri -
34%) saqarTvelosTvis sak-
maod dabalia. mas namdvilad
aqvs ufro meti saxsrebis mo-
zidvis potenciali da saWi-
roeba.
reinvestirebuli kapita-
lis mniSvnelobis daufase-
bloba saqarTvelosaTvis
upatiebeli Secdoma iqneba,
radganac reinvestirebuli
kapitalis saxiT qveyanaSi
darCenili saxsrebi mniSvne-
lovan rols asrulebs saqar-
Tvelos sainvesticio nakade-
bis formirebaSi. mag.: 2013
wlis monacemebiT, pirdapiri
ucxouri iinvesticiebis mo-
culobam 1 mlrd dolars
gadaaWarba, Tumca, cota vin-
me Tu aRniSnavs, rom mocemu-
li ricxvis daax-loebiT 40%
(daaxloebiT 393 mln dola-
ri) ara pirdapiri ucxouri
investiciebi, aramed reinves-
tirebuli kapitalia. Sesaba-
misad, 2013 wels realurad
moziduli pirdapiri ucxou-
ri iinvesticiebis moculoba
saqarTvelos erovnuli ban-
kis monacemebis mxolod 60%-
ia. realurad, axali investi-
ciebis mozidva sakmaod rTu-
li proceduraa.
aqve unda iTqvas, rom sa-
xelmwifos mier bolo wlebSi
prioritetad gamocxadebu-
li soflis meurneobis dargi
Zalian dabali dainterese-
biT sargeblobs ucxoel in-
vestorebs Soris. maSin rode-
sac qveyanas namdvilad SeuZ-
lia gaxdes soflis meurneo-
bis produqciis wminda eqs-
portiori. meore mxriv, ener-
getikis seqtori, romelic
aseve mTavrobis priorite-
tia, sakmaod maRali dain-
teresebiT gamoirCeva ucxo-
el investorebs Soris da
mTliani investiciebis 1/6-s
Seadgens, riTac is mxolod
CamorCeba transportisa da
kavSirgabmulobis seqtors.
aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac,
rom 2011 wlis Semdgom saer-
TaSoriso organizaciebi
sul ufro naklebad interes-
debian saqarTveloSi pirda-
piri ucxouri iinvesticiis
ganTavsebiT.
aqve aRsaniSnavia isic, rom
saqarTvelos xelT garkveu-
li konkurenciuli upirate-
sobis arsebobis miuxedavad,
Cveni qveynis mTavrobis mier
msoflioSi Seqmnili realu-
ri viTarebis arasaTanadod
Sefasebis Sedegad mosaxleo-
bis ekonomikuri keTildReo-
ba kvlav dabal doneze rCeba.
amrigad, ucxouri investici-
ebis mozidvis mixedviT sa-
qarTvelo Zalze damokide-
buli ucxoeTis donor sa-
xelmwifoebze, saerTaSoriso
organizaciebsa da regionul
integraciebze, gansakuTre-
biT, evrokavSirze. mag., 1997-
2013 wlebSi evrokavSiris wi-
lad modis saqarTveloSi Se-
mosuli jamuri pirdapiri
ucxouri iinvesticiebis
41%). asocirebis SeTanxmebis
xelmoweris Sedegad ki, am
maCveneblis (rogorc abso-
luturi, ise wilobrivi gamo-
xatuleiT) kidev ufro gaiz-
rdeba. Tumca, aRsaniSnavia
isic, rom erT konkretul re-
gionze Zlierma damokideb-
ulebam drois konkretul mo-
mentSi SesaZloa negatiuri
siurprizi SemogvTavazos.
Sesabamisad, ufro meti sa-
investicio nakadis mozidvis
mizniT saWiroa saqarTvelos
mTavrobam gaataros Semdegi
RonisZiebani:, kerZod:
1. unda moxdes evrokav-
SirTan asocirebis SeTanxme-
bis xelmoweris Sedegad in-
vesticiebis maqsimaluri st-
imulireba da, paralelurad,
axali bazrebisa da SesaZle-
blobebis moZieba/diversifi-
cireba (mag.: Tavisufali vaW-
robis reJimi aSS-Tan; axali
investiciebis moZieba da Zve-
li investorebis mier miRe-
buli Semosavlebis saqarTve-
loSi reinvestirebis waxali-
seba); Sesabamisad reinvesti-
rebis meqanizmi saqarTvelos
mTavrobis mxridan maqsima-
lurad unda iqnes waxalise-
buli;
2. mTavrobis mier biznes-
partniorebis mxardaWeriT
msxvili sainvesticio proeq-
tebis mozidva; sasurvelia,
„partniori“ biznesmenebis
mier ganxorcielebuli pir-
dapiri ucxouri iinvesticie-
bis dabandebis dros mdgra-
dobis maCvenebeli SenarCun-
des maqsimalurad maRal do-
neze. agreTve, is ganTavsebu-
li unda iqnes qveynisaTvis
prioritetul dargebSi, ker-
Zod: ganaTlebaSi, inovacieb-
sa da Tanamedrove teqnolo-
giebSi;
3. saWiroa moxdes saqarT-
velos miRwevebiT saerTaSo-
riso organizaciebisa da ins-
titutebis daintereseba. au-
cilebelia, maTi ufro aq-
tiurad CarTva Cveni qveynis
keTilReobis uzrunvelyo-
faSi. saqarTvelos mosaxleo-
bis sazogadoebrivi keTil-
dReobis amaRlebis erT-erTi
realuri saSualebaa ucxoel
da adgilobriv partnioreb-
Tan erTad yvela SesaZlo mak-
roekonomikuri berketis ga-
moyenebiT, swori strategiis
SerCeva;
4. Cveni azriT, saqarTve-
los sagareo sainvesticio
politikis warmarTvis sauke-
Teso strategia iqneba evro-
kavSirze maqsimaluri orien-
taciis aReba, radganac bolo
aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi sw-
ored am regionidan Semodi-
nebuli investiciebi ganapi-
robebda pirdapiri ucxouri
investiciebis maRal maCvene-
bels.
daaviT qaaTaamaaZe
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetis
asocirebuli profesori
pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
mozidvis problemebi saqarTveloSi
5iiaannvvaarrii
dabadebidan 50 weli Seus-
rulda istoriis, arqeologi-
isa da eTnologiis asocire-
bul profesor, istoriis mec-
nierebaTa kandidat jemal ka-
raliZes.
jemal karaliZe daibada
1965 wlis 14 ianvars q. qobu-
leTis raionis sofel aWSi.
1983 wels Cairicxa SoTa rus-
Tavelis saxelobis baTumis
saxelmwifo pedagogiuri ins-
titutis istoria - filolo-
giis fakultetze.
1984-1986 ww. ixdida samxed-
ro savaldebulo samsaxurs.
armiidan dabrunebis Sem-
deg warCinebiT daasru-
la 1990 wels da mieniWa
saSualo skolis qarTu-
li enis, literaturisa
da istoriis maswavleb-
lis kvalifikacia. stu-
dentobis wlebSi igi aq-
tiurad monawileobda
studentTa istoriis sa-
mecniero wris muSaobaSi,
sadac man gamoavlina sa-
mecniero kvleviTi mu-
Saobis unari.
1996-1999 wlebi baton
jemal karaliZis cxov-
rebaSi mniSvnelovani perio-
dia, roca igi swavlobda ivane
javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbi-
lisis saxelmwifo universi-
tetis aspiranturaSi saqarT-
velos istoriis specialobiT,
am dargis gamoCenili mecnie-
rebis, profesorebis vaxtang
janjRavasa da vaxtang guru-
lis xelmZRvanelobiT. aspi-
ranturis sruli kursis dam-
Tavrebis Semdeg 1999 wlis 29
noembers warCinebiT daicva
disertacia Temaze ,,baTumis
olqi (aWara) pirveli msoflio
omis win’’ da mieniWa istoriis
mecnierebaTa kandidatis xa-
risxi da maleve miiRo docen-
tis wodebac.
pirveli warmatebuli nabi-
jis Semdeg farTod gaiSala
batoni jemalis, rogorc mec-
nierisa da pedagogis, nayofie-
ri moRvaweoba.
sakmaod vrcelia misi moR-
vaweobis CamonaTvali. sakan-
didato disertaciis dacvis
Semdeg igi daubrunda mSobli-
ur instituts (amJamad uni-
versiteti). sxvadasxva dros
igi iyo saqarTvelos istoriis
kaTedris wevri da leqciebs
kiTxulobda saqarTvelosa da
kavkasiis xalxTa qveynebis is-
toriaSi. eweoda nayofier sa-
mecniero - kvleviT muSaobas
da gamoqveynebuli aqvs ara er-
Ti samecniero Sroma da mo-
nografia.
nayofier pedagogiuri da
samecniero-kvleviTi saqmia-
nobis gamo igi muSaobda uni-
versitetSi humanitarul - aR-
mzrdelobiTi muSaobis ganyo-
filebis gamged, socialur
mecnierebaTa, biznesisa da sa-
marTalmcodneobis fakulte-
tze dekanis moadgiled, isto-
riis fakultetis dekanad da
sxva.
asoc. profesor jemal ka-
raliZis samecniero - kvleviT
interesTa sferoSia saqarTve-
losa da kavkasiis xalxTa is-
toria. romelsac miuZRvna
sakmaod vrceli Sromebi. ga-
moqveynebuli aqvs 40-ze meti
samecniero naSromi (maT Soris
monografia `aWara 1878 -1903
wlebSi - ekonomikuri da soci-
aluri viTareba,~ baTumi,
2009); `saqarTvelo - CeCneTis
urTierToba postsabWoTa pe-
riodSi~; `saqarTvelo - daRes-
tnis urTierTobis istorii-
dan~; `ruseTis geopolitiku-
ri interesebi kavkasiaSi~ da
sxva.
mis kalams ekuTvnis araer-
Ti samecniero da pedagogiuri
xasiaTis Sroma, statia da we-
rili, romlebic gamoqveynebu-
li aqvs qarTul, rusul da ev-
ropul enebze Jurnalebsa da
Sromebis krebulebSi.
jemal karaliZes gansakuT-
rebuli damokidebuleba aqvs
megobrebTan da studenteb-
Tan, aris momTxovni leqtori
da gulisxmieri kolega.
baton jemal karaliZe Sesa-
niSnavi ojaxis patronia, me-
uRle filologi - damsaxure-
buli pedagogia. ufrosi qa-
liSvili baTumis SoTa rus-
Tavelis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetis studentia, xolo
momdevno qal-vaJic male mamis
gzis gamgrZeleblebi iqnebian.
erT patara sagazeTo we-
rilSi SeuZlebelia iubila-
ris yovelmxriv srulyofi-
lad warmoCena, magram imeds
vitovebT, rom momaval did sa-
iubileo TariRebze ufro
srulyofili weriliT mive-
salmebiT.
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universiteti, hu-
manitarul mecnierebaTa fa-
kulteti da istoriis, arqeo-
logiisa da eTnologiis de-
partamenti, studentebi, ko-
legebi da megobrebi ulocaven
baton jemals 50 wlis iubiles,
usurveben xangrZliv sicocx-
les, janmrTelobasa da axal
warmatebebs samecniero da pe-
dagogiur saqmianobaSi.
keTili survilebiT
emzar makaraZe,
nodar baramiZe
Zvirfaso
profesoro ZaZamia,gvsurs mogiwvioT Cveni Jurnalis, „Mathematical Reviews“, recen-
zentad. rogorc TqvenTvis cnobilia, gamocemebi „ MR Database”,
“Math SciNet” moicavs mTeli msoflios maTematikur kvleviT lite-
raturas, Sesabamisad recenziebi iwereba kompetenturi eqsperte-
bis mier. ukve 75 welia
Jurnali „MathematicalReviews“ emsaxureba
Tavis misias msofli-
os maTematikosebTan
erTad. recenzente-
bis erToblivi muSao-
ba gadamwyvet rols
TamaSobs maTemati-
kur mecnierebaSi mim-
dinare movlenebis
ganviTarebaSi. maTe-
matikuri literatu-
ris raodenoba swra-
fad izrdeba da Sesa-
bamisad, imisaTvis,
rom SevZloT muSao-
bis Seuferxeblad
gagrZeleba, damatebiT gvesaWiroeba recenzentebi, raTa ar Camovr-
CeT recenzirebis process. Tqven mier gamoqveynebuli Sromebis
gaTvaliswinebiT gvjera Tqveni kvalifikaciis da sakiTxebi, rom-
lebsac Tqven ikvlevT swored im mimarTulebisaa, Cven rom gvesaWi-
roeba. Tu Tqven dainteresdebiT Cveni SemoTavazebiT da gamonaxavT
dros recenzirebisTvis, gTxovT, SeavsoT forma, romelsac Cven
gigzavniT da gamogigzavnoT eleqtronuli fostiT. Tqvens mier mo-
wodebuli informacia saSualebas miscems Cvens redaqtorebs Se-
girCion Sesabamisi Temebi mimoxilvisTvis. mas Semdeg, rac miviRebT
Tqvens mier Sevsebul formas da davamuSavebT miRebul iformacias,
Tqven miiRebT misasalmebel werils da Semdeg ukve gamogigzavniT
statiebs recenzirebisTvis.
imedi gvaqvs, rom gadawyvetT da SemogvierTdebiT Cves mniSvne-
lovan saqmianobaSi. veliT Tqvens pasuxs.
pativiscemiT, norm riCerti
mmarTveli redaqtori da moqmedi aRmasrulebeli redaqtori
profesor v. balaZis gamoxmaureba
asistent profesor m. ZaZamias es didi warmateba SemTxveviTi
araa. is erT-erTi warmatebuli mkvlevaria uwyveT gardaqmnaTa
jgufebis Teoriisa. mas didi warmatebebi hqonda studentobis da
aspiranturis periodSi. sakmaod adreul asakSi Seasrula Tavisi sa-
disertacio naSromi, romelsac maRali Sefaseba misca moskovis uni-
versitetis cnobilma profesorma i. smirnovma. Tbilisis universi-
tetSi maRal doneze daicva disertacia.
norm riCeris, Mathematical Reviews-s mmarTveli redaqtoris ma-
Rali Sefaseba sapatioa da nebismieri maTematikosis biografias
daamSvenebda.
maias, Cems sayvarel moswavles gulwrfelad vulocav warmate-
bas da vusurveb nayofier samecniero saqmianobas.
prof. v. balaZe
jemal karaliZe - 50
giorgi erisTavis Teatri, qarTuli
profesiuli Teatri (1850-1856), erovnuli
realisturi Teatraluri xelovnebis gan-
viTarebis mniSvnelovani kera. daaarsa da
misi ideuri, SemoqmedebiTi mrwamsi gan-
sazRvra poetma da dramaturgma g. eris-
Tavma.
pirveli warmodgena gaimarTa 1850 wlis
2 (14) ianvars, Tbilisis gimnaziis saaqto
darbazSi, scenismoyvareTa ZalebiT, g.
erisTavis reJisorobiTa da monawileobiT
warmoadgines misive piesa
“gayra”. es TariRi miCneu-
lia qarTuli Teatris aR-
dgenis TariRad da XIX sa-
ukunis 80-iani wlebidan
aRiniSneba, rogorc qar-
Tuli Teatris dRe. 1851
wels TbilisSi muSaoba
daiwyo g. erisTavis mier
Camoyalibebulma pirvel-
ma profesiulma dasma.
masSi Sediodnen: saakaZisa,
tatiSvilisa, antonovisa,
baraTaSvilisa, naTiSvi-
lisa, abramiZisa, jorja-
Zisa, n. uznaZisa, g. dvana-
Ze, g. tatiSvili, i. elio-
ziSvili, rCeuliSvili, g.
jafariZe, g. korZaia, z. an-
tonovi. TeatrTan mudmivad TanamSrom-
lobdnen sazogado moRvaweebi da mwerle-
bi: m. TumaniSvili, i. kereseliZe da sxvebi.
idgmeboda g. erisTavis, z. antonovis, a. me-
farianis, g. jafariZisa da sxvaTa origina-
luri, agreTve Targmnili da gadmokeTe-
buli piesebi. mefis mTavrobam dass yovel-
wliuri fuladi daxmareba dauniSna, rad-
gan varaudobda, rom igi carizmis intere-
sebs daeqvemdebareboda, magram roca dar-
wmunda, rom Teatri ganmaTavisuflebel,
antibatonymur ideebs qadagebda, reaqci-
ul TavadaznaurobasTan erTad daiwyo mi-
si Seviwroeba. 1854 wels g. erisTavi iZu-
lebuli gaxda TeatrisaTvis Tavi daenebe-
bina. Teatri daixura 1856 wels.
es iyo pirveli da im droisTvis erTa-
derTi profesiuli Teatri saqarTveloSi.
erovnuli Teatris aRorZineba qarTveli
xalxis cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovani movlena
iyo. magram Teatralur dass Zalian mZime
pirobebSi uxdeboda muSaoba. mefis admi-
nistraciis warmomadgenlebi qarTuli Te-
atraluri xelovnebis ganviTarebis Se-
ferxebisTvis yvela Rones xmarobdnen. Te-
atrs waarTves Senoba, mis repertuarze
umkacresi cenzura iyo dawesebuli. am mi-
zezTa Sedegad 1856 wels erisTavis Teat-
raluri dasi daiSala da 70-iani wlebis bo-
lomde qarTvel dramaturgTa piesebis
dadgmebi mxolod moyvaruli Teatrale-
bis mier xorcieldeboda
qarTuli sasceno xelovnebis axali,
Zlier nayofieri periodi 1879 wels da-
iwyo, rodesac TbilisSi mowinave sazoga-
do moRvaweebis jgufma ilia WavWavaZisa
da akaki wereTlis xelmZRvanelobiT qar-
Tuli profesiuli dramatuli Teatris
gaxsnas miaRwia. erTi wlis Semdeg drama-
tuli Teatri quTaisSic gaixsna. am peri-
odSi qarTuli dramatuli Teatrebis sce-
nebze gamoCndnen niWieri msaxiobebi da re-
Jisorebi: vaso abaSiZe, lado mesxiSvili,
nato gabunia, mako safarova-abaSiZe, kote
yifiani, kote mesxi, valerian gunia, rom-
lebmac qarTuli Teatraluri xelovneba
maRal doneze aiyvanes..
14 ianvari qarTuli
Teatris dRea
6 iiaannvvaarrii
didi xania vapireb mogone-
bebis daweras. axla, asakis ga-
mo, kidev ufro momeZala am
ganzraxvis Sesruleba. Tanac
minda yvelaferi zustad ga-
vixseno.
1949-50 saswavlo wels da-
vamTavre Cemi soflis _ jab-
niZeebis rvawliani skola da
swavla ganvagrZe mezobeli
uCambis saSualo skolaSi. es
iyo axaladdafuZnebuli Sua-
xevis raionSi pirveli saSua-
lo skola, amitom aq ara mar-
to Suaxevis raionis rvawlia-
ni skolebidan mosulebi agr-
Zelebdnen swavlas, aramed me-
zobeli qedis raionis danda-
los, xaraulas da cxmorisis
skolebidanac. uCambis saSua-
lo skolas maSin normaluri
materialuri baza gaaCnda: ax-
ladaSenebuli didi, grZeli
saskolo Senoba, saerTo
sacxovrebeliTa da interna-
tiT Soreuli soflebidan mo-
suli moswavleebisaTvis, sam-
jeradi ufaso kvebiT.
saSualo ganaTlebis misa-
Rebad me kargi safuZveli mo-
mimzadda Cemi soflis rvaw-
lian skolaSi. aq Camomiyalib-
da swored swavlis didi Jini.
es Jini da SemarTeba, erTi
mxriv, gamomimuSaves Cemma
mSoblebma, meore mxriv _
skolis maswavleblebma: gasu-
li saukunis 40-50-ian wlebSic
zemo aWaris skolebis maswav-
lebelTa absoluturi umrav-
lesoba saqarTvelos sxva rai-
onebidan Camosulebi iyvnen.
isini Zalisa da energiis dau-
zogavad Sromobdnen da sa-
survel Sedegebsac aRwevd-
nen.
dawyebiT klasebSi rom
vswavlobdi, germaniasTan omi
axaldawyebuli iyo. omma saza-
reli gaWirveba mogvitana;
Tan moqmedebda lozungi:
`yvelaferi frontisaTvis!~
mSoblebi cdilobdnen gaWir-
veba TavianT Tavze gadaeta-
naT, Svilebi SeZlebisdagva-
rad daecvaT misi gavlenisa-
gan.
axla cota xniT isev rvaw-
liani skolis dro unda gavix-
seno. me dawyebiTi klasebidan
moyolebuli mTeli rvawlia-
ni skolis periodSi Camoimya-
libda aseTi disciplina: ara-
sapatio mizezebiT ar gamic-
denia arcerTi gakveTili.
skolidan rom vbrundebodi,
male viwyebdi momdevno dRis
gakveTilebis momzadebas (sa-
aTmaSo da gasarTobi bevri
araferi mqonda). skola Cemi
saxlidan sami kilometriT
iyo daSorebuli, aRmarT-
daRmarTi gziT. gakveTilebs
vamzadebdi saswavlo cxrilis
TanmimdevrobiT: sanam wina
gakveTils ar movamzadebdi
`friadze~, momdevnoze ar ga-
davidodi (`friads~ me Tvi-
Ton vuwerdi sakuTar Tavs:
vicodi rogor codnaSi werd-
nen maswavleblebi `friads~).
diliT gakveTilebis gadameo-
rebis gareSe skolaSi ar wavi-
dodi. omis dros saxlSi saaTi
ar gvqonda da mamlebis yivil-
ze viRviZebdi. erTi mezoblis
mamali nametari adre yioda,
ra gza mqonda, me unda gameR-
viZa da loginTan dakidebuli
navTis lampis Suqze damewyo
gakveTilebis ganmeoreba
(Cvens sofelSi maSin eleqt-
roganaTeba ar iyo). Tu kargad
gadavimeorebdi da dro momr-
Ceboda, isev CaviZinebdi (im
mamlis brali iyo, adre rom
yioda. amaze babuaCemi ambob-
da: `omis dros mamlebi adre
yiviano~).
aseTi muSaobis Sedegi is
iyo, rom mSobelTa krebaze
maswavleblebs qebiT caSi av-
yavdi. gansakuTrebiT manebiv-
rebda qarTuli enisa da lite-
raturis maswavlebeli klav-
dia TaTariSvili. qarTuli
enis gramatikis safuZvlian
SeswavlasTan erTad igi qar-
Tul literaturaSic did in-
teress miRvivebda. man maswav-
la mxatvruli kiTxva: maSin
modad iyo qceuli sapirvel-
maiso da saSvidnoembro saze-
imo krebebze skolis moswav-
leTa gamosvla leqsebis mxat-
vruli kiTxviT. msiamovnebda,
kargad warmoTqmuli leqsis-
Tvis didxans taSs rom mikrav-
dnen. Zalian movwondi rusu-
li enis maswavlebels vaxtang
jiblaZes, romelic xSirad
ityoda xolme: `Cveni romani
bambasaviT isrutavs gakveTi-
lebso~ (erTxans ver vigebdi
ras niSnavda es gamoTqma, Tum-
ca imas ki vxvdebodi, rom mas-
wavlebeli maqebda). advili
warmosadgenia mSoblebis si-
xarulic. isini sul mefere-
bodnen da manebivrebnen. me ki
aqedan mxolod swor daskv-
nebs vakeTebdi: saSualo sko-
laSi kidev ufro gameZliere-
bia swavla da TavisTavze mu-
Saoba, safuZvlianad movmza-
debuliyavi umaRlesSi Sesasv-
lelad. asec moxda.
uCambis saSualo skolaSi
sawvlis dros saerTo sacxov-
rebelSi bina momces da inter-
natSic Camweres. saxlSi mxo-
lod SabaT-kviras vbrundebo-
di. cxovrebis pirobebis Secv-
las uaryofiTi gavlena ar
mouxdenia Cems saswavlo re-
Jimze, igi odnav Seicvala:
gakveTilebis swavla da ganme-
oreba Ramis 12 saaTamde unda
momeswro _ am droisaTvis
uCambis eleqtrosadguri Cer-
deboda, mamilebis yivilze
lampis anTeba aq ar SeiZlebo-
da, radgan oTaxSi 4 moswavle
vcxovrobdiT; erTi sityviT,
yvelfers dRisiT vasworeb-
di. es reJimi janmrTelobisT-
visac ukeTesi iyo. rogorc
moswavlem, aqac gamoviCine
Tavi da maswavlebelTa da
skolis direqtoris, Rrmad
pativcemuli pirovnebis ivane
barabaZis yuradReba miviqcie.
saskolo komkavSiruli orga-
nizaciis mdivnadac amirCies,
riTac gamiCnda axali saqme da
pasuxismgebloba. yvelaze
mTavar saqmed mainc swavla-
mecadineobis gaZliereba da
saSualo skolis oqros, an
vercxlis medalze damTavre-
ba mimaCnda. orive medals er-
Tnairi Zala hqonda da ates-
tatze erTnairad ewera: `am
atestatis mflobels ufleba
aqvs ugamocdod Sevides ssr
kavSiris yvela umaRles sas-
wavlebelSi.~ XI klasSi rom vi-
yavi, moswavleTa sacxovreb-
lidan naTesavis binaSi gada-
vedi da dRis reJimiT muSao-
bas isev Ramis reJimic davama-
te: aq ukve lampis Suqzec Se-
iZleboda muSaoba. SuaRamisas
vdgebodi da vmuSaobdi qar-
Tuli da rusuli literatu-
ris sawer Temebze. es male Se-
mamCnia ojaxis ufrosma, ke-
TilSobilma adamianma sula
beriZem; jer me gamafrTxila,
Rameebis Teva ar SeiZlebao,
rom ver gamomaswora, mSob-
lebTan gamasaCivra: `biWi Ra-
meebs aTevs da meSinia janmr-
Telobaze ar imoqmedoso.~
amis Semdeg Rameebis Tevas vu-
keli, magram dilaadrian ma-
inc viRviZebdi gakveTilebis
gadasameoreblad da saweri
Temebis mosawerisgeblad.
maxsovs, uCambis saSualo
skola axaldaarsebuli Suaxe-
vis raionis xelmZRvanelTa
yuradRebis centrSi iyo. rai-
komis pirveli mdivani, maSin
axalgazrda energiuli kaci,
levan ukleba Cemi swavlis
dros orjer movida skolaSi.
erTxel me, rogorc saskolo
pirveladi komkavSiruli or-
ganizciis mdivans, piradi ga-
saubreba momiwyo, partiis XIX
yrilobis masalebzec Seme-
kiTxa. Cven es masalebi isto-
riis gakveTilebze gvqonda
Seswavlili. direqtors uTx-
ra, es axalgazrda partiis ri-
gebSi miiReTo, magram maSin ar
SeiZleboda, radgan 18 wlis
Sesrulebas naxevar welze me-
ti maklda). ganaTlebis sami-
nistrodanac modiodnen sko-
laSi Semowmebaze. X klasSi
rom viyavi, erT-erTi aseTi
inspeqtirebis dros qarTuli
literaturis gakveTilze
gveswreboda saqveynod cno-
bili qalbatoni, niWierebiTa
da obieqturobiT gamorCeu-
li SuSana gunia. nikoloz ba-
raTaSvilis Semoqmedeba
gvqonda gakveTilad da `mera-
ni~ _ sazepirod. imdenad mo-
woneboda Cem mier warmoTqmu-
li `merani~, rom maswavlebel
pavle nacvliSvilisTvis uTq-
vams: `me megona n. baraTaSvili
TviTon kiTxulobda `meran-
so~. (baton pavles maSin baTu-
mis pedinstituti axaldam-
Tavrebuli hqonda da ganawi-
lebiT uCambis skolaSi muSa-
obda). es ambavi imitom gavix-
sene, rom misi gavlena momdev-
no welsac gamoCnda, kerZod,
ganTlebis saministrodan
qarTuli weris gamocdaze da-
saswrebad inspeqtorebs rom
gzavnidnen, qalbaton SuSanas
TviTon moeTxova uCambis sko-
laSi wasvla gamocdaze dasas-
wrebad.
XI klasSi qarTul litera-
turas sxva maswavlebeli _
gizo cincaZe gvaswavlida (ba-
toni pavle baTumSi dabrunda
samuSaod). gamocdis dawyebam-
de qalbaton SuSanas move-
kiTxe. amis Sesaxeb maswavle-
belma miTxra da Tan gamafr-
Txila, aba Sen ici, rogor din-
jad da kargad dawer Temaso.
paketis gaxsnis Semdeg me
avirCie Tema: `stalinis saxe
qarTul sabWoTa literatu-
raSi.~ cota mofiqrebis Sem-
deg daviwye Temis wera. iri-
bad gaxedviT, gzadagza vamC-
nevdi qalbaton SuSanas Cemken
mopyrobil mzeras. rogorc
maswavlebelma miTxra, Cemi
naSromi man gaaswora. naSromi
mowoneboda, `friads~ vwero
uTqvams, magram manamde main-
teresebs am ymawvilTan Sex-
vedrao. Cven gulis fancqa-
liT velodebodiT Temebis
gasworebas: zogi mezobel
saklaso oTaxSi vucdidiT Se-
degebs, zogi _ skolis ezoSi.
me gamomiZaxes da warmadgines
qalbaton SuSanasTan; meubne-
ba: Sen SarSan `merani~ rom
warmoTqvi, xom is biWi xar?
diax, vupasuxe me. yoCaR, Te-
mac kargad dagiweria, magram
me mainc gamiCnda aseTi Se-
kiTxva: qarTul sabWoTa li-
teraturaSi stalinis saxis
warmoCenas ratom iwyeb Salva
dadianis `naperwklidan~ da
ratom amTavreb ioseb noneS-
vilis leqsiT, _ `mamav, Zvir-
faso?~ vupasuxe: imitom, rom
me Sevecade am Temaze arsebu-
li uxvi masala damelagebina
beladis cxovrebis qronolo-
giuri TanmimdevrobTac. am
SemTxvevaSi Salva dadianis
`naperwklidan~ pirvelad imi-
tom ganvixile, rom aq stali-
nis siWabukis periodia asaxu-
li, xolo ioseb noneSvilis
`mamav, Zvirfaso!~ bolos imi-
tom movaqcie, rom aq stali-
nis gardacvalebiT gamowveu-
li mwuxarebaa mocemuli. yo-
CaR, miTxra. amis gageba mindo-
da da miviRe amomwuravi pasu-
xio. Semdeg maswavleblisTvis
eTqva: `axalgaxsnil saSualo
skolebSi, sadac veswrebodi
weriT gamocdebs, `friads~
Cemi xeliT pirvelad aq vwe-
ro.~
mapatios mkiTxvelma, am
detalebis gaxseneba, cota
trabaxis toniTac (Tumca si-
namdvile ase iyo) imitom da-
miWrda, rom man didi gavlena
iqonia Cems momaval cxovreba-
ze. danarCeni gamocdebic
`friadebze~ Cavabare da moma-
niWes oqros medali. magram
naTqvamia, `cxovreba mou-
lodnelobebiT aris aRsavse-
o~. albaT, es gamoTqma maSin
yvelaze metad Cemze iyo mor-
gebuli. oqros medlis ates-
tatis molodinSi, samwuxaro
ambavi movida: Cemi medali gae-
uqmebinaT aWaris ganaTlebis
saministroSi, maTematikisa
da rusuli weriTi namuSevre-
bis `friadebidan~ `kargebze~
CamofasebiT. sakmarisi iyo, am
oridan erTSi daetovebinaT
`friadi~, vercxlis medali
SemrCeboda. magram ase ar mox-
da. amis mizezi is iyo, rom XI
klasSi 3-4 viyaviT medlis kan-
didatebi da mxolod orma _
oTari TurmaniZem da me Cava-
bareT gamocdebi medlebze (a-
masTan dakavSirebiT, medlis
kandidatebis erT-erT mSo-
bels gancxadeba Seetana aWa-
ris ganaTlebis saministroSi:
skolaSi zogierTs daexmarnen
medlis miRebaSi da zogs ara-
o). amas mohyva saministroSi
weriTi namuSevrebis gadasin-
jva da SeZlebisdagvarad Se-
fasebaTa CamoqveiTeba (med-
lis gauqmebis mizniT). arc ga-
emtyunebodaT. maSin dawese-
buli iyo mkacri kontroli
medlis miniWebaze; Tu umaR-
lesSi ugamocdod mowyobili
medalosani pirvel semestrSi
gamocdebis Sedegad miiRebda
dabal niSnebs, an aradamakma-
yofilebels, pasuxs Txovnden
skolasac da ganaTlebis sami-
nistrosac.
Cemi medlis gauqmebis amba-
vi swrafad gavrcelda. bato-
ni levan ukleba telefoniT
dakavSireboda aWaris avto-
nomiur respublikis ganaTle-
bis ministrs baton vaxtang ax-
vledians da eTqva: mag bavSvs
me piradad vicnob, Zalian
kargad swavlobda da medalic
damsaxurebulad mianiWes,
gTxovT ar daCagroT usafuZ-
vlod, Tu SeiZleba gadaxedeT
Tqven mier miRebul gadawyve-
tilebaso. batonma vaxtangma
gulTan miitana raionis pir-
veli piris Txovna da ase upa-
suxa: amis gakeTeba SesaZlebe-
lia im pirobiT, Tu es bavSvi
gasaubrebaze gamocxaddeba
ganaTlebis saministroSio.
skolidan gamagebines, rom ba-
adamianebi, romlebmac gansazRvres
Cemi cxovrebis mimarTuleba
7iiaannvvaarrii
TumSi momiwevda wamosvla, ma-
namde ki levan uklebam Tavis-
Tan damibara da momca aseTi
gafrTxileba: dauyovnebliv
unda gamocxadde ganaTlebis
saministroSi gasaubrebaze,
SeiZleba romelime saganSi ga-
mocdis ganmeorebiT Cabare-
bac mogiwios; ukan ar daixio,
iyavi Tamamad da gabedulado.
uceb axali problema gamiCn-
da: 18 weli ki mqonda ukve Ses-
rulebuli, magram pasporti
ar mqonda aRebuli. imaxand
Suaxevi-baTumis gzaze or ad-
gilas iyo sasazRvro gamSvebi
sakontrolo punqti, paspor-
tis gareSe baTumSi ver Caxvi-
dodi. es gaaxsenda mamaCems,
romelic Tan maxlda raikomSi
Sesvlisas. batonma levanma
aqac gamiwia operatiuli dax-
mareba, gadaureka miliciis
ganyofilebaSi da uTxra:
TqvenTan mova uCambis sko-
ladmTavrebuli roman zosi-
Ze, miyeviT mesuraTesTan, ga-
dauReT suraTi da dResve ga-
uformeT pasporti, rom xval
SeZlos baTumSi wasvla. meore
dRes dilas sapasporto gan-
yofilebaSi damaxvedres pas-
porti da me mamaCemis Tanxle-
biT wavedi baTumSi. SuadRi-
sas gamovcxaddiT ganaTlebis
saministroSi. baton vaxtang
axvledians mimRebSi momuSave
qalbatoni gaefTxilebia, Se-
uaxevidan rom bavSvi Camova,
urigod gamouSviT CemTano.
asec moxda, me da mamaCemi ori-
ve migviRo ministrma. vyela-
feri guldasmiT agvixsna da
me miTxra: gamocdebis ganmeo-
rebiT Cabarebas ar mo-
viTxovT Sengan, mxolod ga-
davxedavT maTematikisa da
rusulis weriT namuSevrebs,
vnaxavT ris gamo Camogiqvei-
Tes recenzentebma `friadi~
Sefavsebebi `kargebze~. am
dros Sen mogiwevs dasmul Se-
kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacema.
sul es aris da es.
meore dRes 12 saaTze mi-
nistris kabinetSi viyaviT da-
barebuli. cota adre gamov-
cxaddiT me da mamaCemi (manam-
de baTumSi, pataraobisas,
sul orjer viyavi Camosuli,
amitom maxlda mamaCemi). CemT-
vis sasiamovno siurprizi iyo
qalbaton SuSana gunias qoma-
goba. Turme masac SesTavazes
qarTulSi Cemi naSromis re-
cenzireba da saWiro SemTxve-
vaSi niSnis CamoqveiTeba. man
ki baton ministrs Seaxsena,
rom am gamocdas TviTon esw-
reboda da Sefaseba `friadi~
misi xeliT dawera. es man
miTxra ministrTan Sesvlam-
de, Tavis kabinetSi, Tan mamx-
nevebda: gabedulad upasuxe
dasmul SekiTxvebs, ise ro-
gorc me mipasuxe uCambaSi
qarTuli weriTi naSromis ga-
saocrad zusti Tanmimdevro-
bis Sesaxeb (razec zemoT iyo
laparaki). im gamocdaze rom
ar vyofiliyavi, mec SeiZleba
eWvi gamCenoda da mefiqra: es
naSromi garedan Setanili Sa-
pargalka SeiZleba iyos, ga-
mocdis procesSi moswavle
ase kargad ver daalagebda da
ver dawerdao. daaxloebiT
aseTi mosazrebiT aris Camo-
fasebuli Seni sxva naSrome-
bic. aba Sen ici, rogor yoCa-
Rad daicav Sens nawerebs ma-
Tematikasa da rusulSi. me Se-
ni gulSematkivari var da ba-
toni vaxtang axvledianic Za-
lian daintersebulia Seni
warmatebiT.
dadgenil droze SemiSves
ministris kabinetSi. maTema-
tikaSi Cemi weriTi namuSeva-
ris recenzia gaekeTebia ba-
ton silovan dadunaSvils,
romelic maSin saministroSi
saskolo inspeqtorad muSa-
obda. aRmoCnda, rom baton si-
lovans Svebuleba aeRo da sa-
zafxulod isvenebda sxvagan,
amitom gamoiZaxes sxva maswav-
lebeli, romelmac waikiTxa
baton silovanis mier daweri-
li recenzia Cems weriT naS-
romze (es iyo amocana, rome-
lic exeboda marTi samkuTxa
prizmis moculobis gamoTv-
las). batoni silovani recen-
ziaSi aRniSnavda, rom naSromi
Sesrulebulia srulyofilad
da imsaxurebs maRal Sefase-
bas _ `friads~. magram aq erT
adgilas aris gaangariSebis
SekumSuli dawera, rac aSka-
rad aRemateba moswavlis ma-
Tematikuri azrovnebis
unars, ris gamoc rCeba STa-
beWdileba, rom naSromi gada-
werilia Setanili Spargalki-
dan. amis gamo moxda Camofase-
ba `friadidan~ `kargze~. roca
Semmowmebeli SemekiTxa, ra-
tom SekumSe da srulyofilad
(gaSlilad) ar dawere naSro-
mis es adgili, me vupasuxe:
drois simciris gamo (Cemi mas-
wavlebeli movixme da Seve-
kiTxe: SeiZleba Tu ara es ga-
angariSeba davwero SekumSu-
lad, razec miviRe dadebiTi
pasuxi da amitom aris ase. me
SemiZlia axla aq gaSlilad
davwero, Tu nebas momcemT.
swored es gvindao, Tqva minis-
trma RimiliT da me gavSale
SekumSuli formula. saminis-
troSi mowveulma maswavle-
belma (samwuxarod, misi vina-
oba maSin ar damidgenia) Tavis
qneviT Seamowma SekumSuli
formulis gaSlili varianti
da dasZina: yoCaR, araferi sa-
davo aRar ariso! ufro meti
sixaruli da kmayofileba
amovikiTxe baton vxatang axv-
ledianis saxeze. ministrma
mkiTxa: medali rom dagibrun-
des, sad apireb swavlis gagr-
Zelebaso? vupasuxe: moskovis
universitetSi SeiZleba ga-
vagrZelo swavla, mdidari si-
Ze myavs, Suaxevidan axalso-
felSia Camosaxlebuli da ax-
la gonios sasoflo sabWos
aRmaskomis Tavmjomarea. is
mpirdeba daxmarebas. Tumca
jer sabolood ar gadamiwyve-
tia, sad waval swavlis gasag-
rZeleblad. ai aq davuSvi Sec-
doma. albaT, ministrma ifiq-
ra uCabmaSi naswavli rusu-
liT rogor bedavs moskovSi
swavlis gagrZelebaso da meo-
re dRes damibares rusul Te-
maze gasaubrebisaTvis. cota
ar iyos, meSinoda kidec. isev
12 saaTze unda gamovcxadebu-
liyavi. rusuli weriTi namu-
Sevaris recenzenti iyo maSi-
nac da SemdegSic saqveynod
cnobili ganaTlebis Rvawl-
mosili muSaki kale bolqvaZe.
rusulis Tema fadeevis Se-
moqmedebas exeboda, sakont-
rolo weris drosac mqonda am
TemaSi `friadi~ Sefaseba. am
gamocdaze meti SeRavaTi mom-
ces da Tavi gavarTvi mis dawe-
rasac (gadaweramde maswavle-
belma gadaxeda).
batonma kalem daxeda
teqsts da momca aseTi SekiTx-
va: `dasawyisSi Sen giweria _
Âûäàþùèéñÿ ðóññêèé ïèñàòåëüÔàäååâ… pirvel sityvaSi ù-s
Semdeg ratom giweria è da ara
û. mere es rusuladac Seme-
kiTxa. mec rusulad vupasuxe:
Ïîñëå øèïÿøèõ û íå ïèøåòñÿ.
amis Semdeg mTxova samive
droSi, mxolobiT da mravlo-
biT ricxvSi meuRlebia zmna
«×èòàòü» (Tavi kargad gavarT-
vi). Semdeg mTxova mebrunebia
arsebiTi saxeli: «Êíèãà» (a-
qac uSecdomod Sevasrule
davaleba), da vxedav, Tavisi
CanTidan amoiRo wigni, aRmoC-
nda maSindeli VII klasis ru-
sulis saxelmZRvanelo, gada-
Sala da miTxra: waikiTxe da
Targmneo. roca davxede
teqsts, vuTxari es teqsti ze-
pirad vici-meTqi. meubneba: VII
klasSi naswavli, XI klasSi ze-
pirad saidan icio. me vupasu-
xe: maSin leqsebsa da patara
moTxrobebis teqstebsac vi-
zepirebdi da qarTulad
vTargmnidi-meTqi. wignis me-
qanikurad gadaSlis Semdeg,
swored erTi aseTi, Tavis
droze dazepirebuli da XI
klasamde ki ara aqamde Cems
mexsierebaSi SemorCenili
teqsti aRmoCnda, saTauriT:
«Ïîä çíàìåíåì ïàðòèè Ëåíèíà-Ñòàëèíà», am saTauris Targma-
ni swrafad gavakeTe, wigni
davxure da daviwye teqstis
zepirad warmoTqma: «Ðàäîñòíîè ñ÷àñòëèâî æèâåò íàøà ñòðàíà.Êàê ÿðêèé ìàÿê ñâåòèò ÑîâåòñêèéÑîþç…» mTlianad es teqsti
naxevar gverdze cota meti
iyo. batoni vaxtangi aRfrTo-
vanebas ver malavda. gamomc-
deli ki meubneboda:
«Ìîëîäåö!» batoni vaxtangi
meubneboda: `yoCaR, kargi bi-
Wi yofilxar!~. swored, Cem
Tvalwin gaauqmes niSnis Camo-
fasebis recenzia da damibru-
nes `friadi~ Sefaseba rusul-
Si. rac Seexeba maTematikas,
SvebulebaSi myof baton si-
lovans ver daukavSirdnen da
mis nacvlad mowveuli maswav-
leblis mier niSnis amaRleba,
ratomRac ar CaTvales mizan-
Sewonilad. Tumca meti ra min-
doda, damibrunda vercxlis
medali, romelsac oqros Za-
la da gavlena hqonda. sixaru-
liT viyavi Sepyrobili da igi
usazRvro gaxda maSin, roca
kabinetis kari gaiRo da Semo-
vidnen qalbatoni SuSana gu-
nia da mamaCemi, romelic mo-
sacdelSi ijda. qalbatonma
SuSanam igi mosalocad da or-
mxrivi madlobis saTqmelad
Semoiyvana kabinetSi.
ministris kabinetidan ga-
mosvlis win batoni vaxtangi
kvlav SemekiTxa: gviTxari, ma-
inc sad gaagrZeleb swavlas?
vupasuxe: an baTumis pedago-
giur institutSi, an Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetSi.
moskovSi ar waxval? SemekiTxa
ministri. ara, moskovi gadavi-
fiqre-meTqi, vupasuxe. Seni da
Seni mSoblebis nebaa, sad wax-
val, yvelgan gvigule Sens
gulSematkivrebad, gza dagvi-
locnia swavlis did sarbiel-
zeo, brZana ministrma. me da
mamaCemi avdeqiT da madloba,
madlobis ZaxiliT gamovediT
batoni vaxtangis kabinetidan.
cxra-aTi dRis Semdeg sko-
laSi miiRes Cemi medlis ates-
tati. gadavwyvite swavlis
gagrZeleba Tbilisis saxelm-
wifo universitetis iuridi-
ul fakultetze. manamde Tbi-
lisSi namyofi ar viyavi da ga-
mayoles Cemi dis mamamTils
(mas Tavisi saqmec hqonda Tbi-
lisSi). TbilisSi sabuTebis
Catana 1953 wels 20 ivlisis
Semdeg momixda. es dro sakma-
od dagvianebuli aRmoCnda
medlis atestatis mflobeli-
saTvis. universitetis maSin-
deli wesebis mixedviT dadge-
nili iyo TiToeul specialo-
baze medlis atestatiT ram-
deni sabuTi unda mieRoT, rom
darCeniliyo sakonkurso ad-
gilebic. iuridiul fakul-
tetze am droisaTvis medalo-
sanTa raodenoba Sevsebuli
iyo da uari miTxres sabuTe-
bis miRebaze. aseTive mdgoma-
reoba aRmoCnda ekonomikis
fakultetze. sakmaod Sewuxe-
buli saxiT gadavinacvle fi-
losofiis fakultetis sam-
divnosTan. iqac analogiuri
mdgomareoba damxvda. magram
sabuTebis mimRebi qalbatoni
yuradRebiani aRmoCnda, mas-
wavla, gancxadebiT Sevsuli-
yavi universitetis reqtor-
Tan da momeTxova filosofi-
is specialobis I kursze meda-
losnis erTi adgilis damate-
ba, Tan damariga, rogor dame-
wera es gancxadeba. ase moviqe-
ci.
rogorc cnobilia, Tbili-
sis universitetis reqtorad
1945 wlidan 1953 wlis ivli-
samde muSaobda saxelovani
mecnieri da mamuliSvili niko
kecxoveli. me gancxadebis da-
wera momixda axladdaniSnuli
reqtoris batoni ilia vekuas
saxelze. reqtorTan xalxis
rigi ar iyo da male momiwia
Sesvla. roca gancxadebaSi
amoikiTxa: `Camosuli var aWa-
ris avtonomiuri respubli-
kis Suaxevis raionidan,~ cota
saeWvod amaTvaliera da miTx-
ra: `rom CagricxoT, SeZleb am
specialobaze swavlasao.~ vu-
pasuxe: `mainteresebs da SevZ-
leb~-meTqi; da daado rezo-
lucia: `miiReT sabuTebi.~
sakmarisi iyo, baton ilias
uari eTqva, ar daematebia er-
Ti meadlosnis adgili, sxva-
gan wasasvleli gza aRar mqon-
da da davbrundebodi baTum-
Si. am SemTxvevaSi reqtorma
gansazRvra Cemi cxovrebs be-
di, ise rogorc ramdenime
dRis win es gaakeTes batoneb-
ma vaxtnag axvledianma, kale
bolqvaZem da Cemma didma
gulSematikvarma qalbatonma
SuSana guniam.
aq minda davamTavro mogo-
nebebis pirveli nawilis wera,
magram erTi momenti mainc
unda davamato: uCveulod
bednieri studentoba mqon-
da. vcxovrobdi studqalaqSi
(binis Tviuri gadasaxadi 2 ma-
neTs Seadgenda, friadosnis
stipendia sakmaod maRali
iyo). Zalian male Semiyvarda
universiteti da Tbilisi.
swavla ufro advili gamod-
ga, vidre velodi. male gavx-
di universitetisa da Tbili-
sis sajaro biblioTekebis aq-
tiuri mkiTxveli. kidev uf-
ro gamezarda swavlis Jini. aq
mexmareboda skolis perio-
dis gamocdilebac da Sedeg-
mac ar daayvona, pirveli se-
mestris yvela gamocda fria-
debze Cavabare. zamTris ar-
dadegebze saxlSi wamovedi.
baTumSi CamosvlisTanve Cem-
Tvis cnobili ganaTlebis sa-
ministroSi inspeqtorebis
kabinets mivakiTxe da qalba-
ton SuSana gunias vaCvene
matrikuli. gadamkocna da
miTxra, axlave davrekav Sua-
xevis ganaTlebis ganyofile-
baSi da yvelas gavagebineb
Sens sasixarulo warmateba-
so. asec moxda.
swavlisaTvis arc Semdeg
miRalatnia. Cemi universite-
tis diplomis danarTSi mxo-
lod ori `kargi~ figurirebs,
danarCeni sul `friadebia~.
axlac saTuTad vinaxav Tbi-
lisis universitetdamTavre-
bulis samkerde niSans, rome-
lic maSin pativisa da Rirse-
bis aRmniSvneli simbolo iyo.
P.S. korespondenti: bato-
no roman, mogonebebi Tqveni
cxovrebis adrindel peri-
odze metad mgrZnobiare,
STambeWdavi da damajerebe-
lia. amasTanave, erTi Sexed-
viT gveCveneba, rom Tqven ga-
nicdiT socializmis nos-
talgiasac. gTxovT gvipasu-
xoT, marTlac asea?
roman zosiZe: ar aris ase.
marTalia nostalgia warsu-
lis mogonebebiT gamowveul
sevdasac niSnavs; magram me
am mogonebebs zustad ase
davwerdi Cemi moswavleobi-
sa da studentobis period-
Sic (e.i. gasuli saukunis 50-
ian wlebSi) rom yofiliyo
kapitalizmi CvenTan dabru-
nebuli. ra Tqma unda, maSin
saqme sxva adamianebTan meq-
neboda. me ganvizraxe mogo-
nebebSi meCvenebina, erTi
mxriv, Cemi cxovrebis ad-
rindeli periodi, meore
mxriv, is adamianebi, rom-
lebmac TavianTi patiosne-
biTa da qveynisaTvis uanga-
ro samsaxuriT mec gamiwies
saWiro daxmareba da gan-
sazRvres Cemi cxovrebis mo-
mavali. damijereT, aq socia-
lizmis nostalgia arafer
SuaSia.
ise aq imis Tqmac mominda,
rom zogierTi adamiani so-
cializmTan mimarTebaSi
Cvens warsuls lanZRavs da
afermkrTalebs. es aris is-
toriis damaxinjeba. aseT
adamianebs vetyvi: warsulis
usafuZvlo lanZRviT bevrs
verafers mivaRwevT, ufro
metic, _ amiT vamaxinjebT
Cvens awmyosa da momavals.
Cemi Tu ar gjeraT, dauje-
reT did ilias: `awmyo Sobi-
li wasrulisagan, aris mSo-
beli momavlisa.~
me, magaliTad, dResac ga-
mosayeneblad mimaCnia gasu-
li saukunis 30-ian wlebSi
komunistebis mier wamoyene-
buli principi: `kadrebi
wyveten yvelafers~, an kidev
maT mier damkvidrebuli
`kritika da TvTikritika~.
amJamad Cvens xelmZRvanel
partiebSi dawesebulia Ta-
vis warmoCena da sxvaTa kri-
tika, TviTkritika mTlia-
nad ugulvebelyofilia. Tu
xelmZRvaneli partiebi kri-
tikasTan erTad daaweseben
TviTkritikasac, maSin par-
tiaTa simravle saqarTvelo-
Si minimumamde Semcirdeba,
maT arsebobas azri daekar-
geba, radgan saCxreki aRara-
feri darCebaT.
8 iiaannvvaarrii
misasalmebelia, rom 80 wlis saiubi-
leo TariRTan dakavSirebiT gamosace-
mad mzaddeba yovlismomcveli wigni
berZnul-romaul WidaobaSi msoflios
sam gzis Cempionze, beWdaudebel fala-
vanze rostom abaSiZeze, visac mkiTxve-
li ZiriTadad Jurnal-gazeTebSi gamoq-
veynebuli sportuli Tematikis publi-
kaciebiT icnobs. bunebrivia, nebismieri
adamianis Rirseul pirovnebad formi-
rebaSi ganuzomelia adgilis dedisa da
ojaxuri garemos roli. mec Sevecdebi
rostomis fenomens am kuTxiT Sevexo.
rostom abaSiZis cxovrebis sawyisi wle-
bi mwvane koncxs ukavSirdeba, sadac er-
Txans meuRlesTan nigar xalvaSTan da
SvilebTan erTad cxovrobda da aq arse-
bul sasoflo-sameurnoe teqnikumSi na-
yofier pedagogiur moRvaweobas eweoda
rostomis mama, Rvawlmosili pirovneba
omer abaSiZe.
vfiqrobT, interess moklebuli ar
iqneba Tu aqve mkiTxvels gavacnobT ba-
Tumis sasoflo-sameurneo teqnikumis
mokle istorias. aRniSnuli saswavlebe-
li dasabams 1925 wlidan iRebs, rac spe-
cifikuri niSniT - subtropikuli agra-
ruli warmoebis organizaciis soflis
meurneobis specialistTa momzadebis
niSniT Seiqmna. misi dafuZneba ganapiro-
ba xelsayrelma adgilmdebareobam, sau-
keTeso materialur-teqnikurma bazam
da maRalkvalificiurma pedkoleqtiv-
ma. mwvane koncxis lamaz bunebas Tavis
droze mefis ruseTis maRali Tanamde-
bobis samxedro pirebi da vaWar-mrewve-
lebi miuzidavs, romlebsac aq agarakebi
augiaT, miwis nakveTebi SeuZeniaT, Sesa-
niSnavi baRebi, ZiriTadad subtropiku-
li kulturebi gauSenebiaT.
gasabWoebis Semdeg teqnikumma swo-
red aRniSnuli teritoriis 25 heqtari
farTobi daikava, ris Semdeg iqca cod-
nis SeZenis ZiriTad wyarod, ara marto
aWarisa da saqarTvelos, aramed yofili
sabWoTa kavSiris sxvadasxva kuTxidan
Camosuli moswavleebisTvis (1947 wlam-
de rusuli seqtori iyo). Tavisi arsebo-
bis manZilze mas rva aTasze meti teqni-
kuri da umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone Se-
moqmedebiTi unariT dajildoebuli
specialisti da mecnieri aRuzrdia.
saswavleblis pedpersonals Soris
omer abaSiZes yovelTvis Rirseuli ad-
gili ekava. 1928 wels daamTava Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetis agronomiu-
li fakulteti da reqtoratis gadawyve-
tilebiT mecnier muSakad gaagzavnes Cai-
sa da subtropikuli kulturebis sakav-
Siro samecniero kvleviTi institutis
Caqvis filialSi, sadac moRvaweobda ag-
raruli mecnierebis korife Cais seleq-
ciaSi, msoflioSi gamoCenili mkvlevari
qsenia baxtaZe, CineTidan mowveuli spe-
cialisti lao jin-jao da sxvebi.
rogorc axalgazrda mecnieri omer
abaSiZe dainteresebuli iyo subtopiku-
li kulturebis mola-moyvanis intesiu-
ri teqnologiebis danergviT. man araer-
Ti naSromi miuZRvna limonis garTxmu-
li kulturis sakiTxebs. igi iyo, aseve,
Cais pirveli xeliT sakrefi meqanikuri
aparatis Semqmneli, romelsac dResac
gaumjobesebuli saxiT iyeneben Cais
mrewvelobaSi.
omer abaSiZis pedagogiuri miRwevebi
samecniero muSaobis paralelurad da-
iwyo. teqnikumSi mis leqciebs msmeneli
arasodes mohklebia. studentebs sje-
rodaT misi, umwiklo da patiosani Sro-
miT igi didi avtoritetiT sargeblob-
da leqtor-maswavlebelTa Sorisac. ga-
moirCeoda siaxleebis ZiebiT, ubraloe-
biTa da TavdaWerilobiT, aRsazrde-
lebsac amave niSan-Tvisebebs unergavda.
amasTan dakavSirebiT sayuradReboa er-
Ti epizodi, razedac Tavis mogonebaSi
amaxvilebs yuradRebas teqnikumis fri-
adosani kursdamTarebuli, xelvaCau-
ris raionis gamgeblis yofili moadgi-
le, aWaris damsaxurebuli agronomi
omar xalvaSi. misi TqmiT batoni omeris
ufrosi vaJis rostomis warmatebebze
mTeli sabWoeTi laparakobda da es, ra-
Ra Tqma unda saswavlebelSi saTanadod
aRiqmeboda. marTalia omer abaSiZe Svi-
lis miRwevebiT erTob gaxarebuli iyo,
magram sajarod emociis Sekavebas yo-
velTvis axerxebda, riTac Svilis gamar-
jvebebis kanonzomierebas usvamda xazs.
Tu adamiani moindomebs yvelafers mi-
aRwevso-gvmoZRvravda mudam.
ai, rogor ixenebs Tavisi pedagogis
saswavlo da sawarmoo praqtikis saqmia-
nobas aWaris soflis meurneobisa da
kvebis mrewvelobis yofili ministri,
aWaris damsaxurebuli agronomi zurab
qaTamaZe: „saswavlo procesi marto
swavleba ar aris igi aRzrdasac gulisx-
mobs. pedagogi mxolod sagnis codniT
ki ara, studentebze piradi qceviT,
cxovrebis poziciis gamoxatviT, maTSi
maRal zneobrivi Tvisebebis Camoyali-
bebiT unda zemoqmedebdes. baton omer
abaSiZis pedagogiuri moRvaweoba swo-
red am RirsebiT gamoirCeoda. is Cven
gvaswavlida organul da araorganul
qimias, zogad miwaTmoqmedebas. moswav-
leebi did interess iCendnen agreTve,
mis mier Catarebuli laboratoriul-
seminaruli mecadineobebis mimarT, ro-
melsac ori gziT warmarTavda, pirveli
roca Teoriuli da laboratoriuli me-
cadineoba paralelurad mimdinareobs
da meore, rodesac bevri an romelime
qveTavi jer Teoriulad iswavleba, xo-
lo Semdeg cdebiT muSavdeba da das-
turdeba. rogoricaa magaliTad, nia-
dagsa da mcenareSi nivTierebaTa Semad-
geneli elementebisa da sasuqebSi agro-
qimiuri analizis gansazRvra, romel-
Tac batoni omeri jer Tavad asrulebda
da Semdeg moswavleebi damoukideblad
vatarebdiT, vRebulobdiT Sedegebsa
da Sesabamisi daskvnebic gamogvqonda,
rac aZlierebda sagnebisadmi interess.
es namdvilad didi skola iyo, rac Sem-
deg umaRlesSi swavlis periodSi erTob
gamogvadga, im wlebs dResac gansakuT-
rebuli siamayiT vixseneb. madloba maT
vinc Cvens swavla-aRzrdasa da moqala-
qed Camoyalibebas didi amagi dasdo.
unda aRiniSnos, rom omer abaSiZis
aRzrdilebi yovelTvis gamoirCeodnen
nayofieri SromiTi da sazogadoebrivi
saqmianobiT. bevrma maTganma saqveyno-
dac gaiTqva saxeli. zemoT TqmulTa
garda, maT Soris arian iseTi cnobili
pirovnebebi, rogoricaa: mxatvari dur-
sun inaiSvili, poeti mamia varSaniZe, po-
eti jemal qaTamaZe, msaxiobi sergo kai-
kaciSvili, mixeil beJaniZe (generali,
aWaris yofili Sinagan saqmeTa minist-
ri), aleqsandre TxilaiSvili (partiis
aWaris saolqo komitetis yofili pir-
veli mdivani), xasan girkeliZe, daviT
jabniZe, nunu jinWaraZe, amiran ananiZe
(aWaris soflis meurneobis yofili mi-
nistri), SoTa sirabiZe, daviT TebiZe (a-
Waris ganaTlebis yofili ministri), ma-
mia komaxiZe (iuridiul mecnierebaTa
doqtori, profesori), roza lorTqi-
faniZe (sami mowvevis saqarTvelos par-
lamentis wevri, profesori), murTaz
yurSubaZe (aWaris mrewvelobis minist-
ri), soflis meunoebis mecnierebaTa
doqtorebi: oTar axvlediani, aleqsan-
dre bauJaze, Tamar demetraZe, rezo be-
riZe, Suqri TavarTqilaZe, zurab gogo-
liSvili, xasan bakuriZe, anzor TavarT-
qilaZe, SoTa siraZe, givi jinWaraZe. sab-
WoTa kavSiris gmiri elise tuRuSi. so-
cialisturi Sromis gmirebi: naTela Ce-
lebaZe, xusein mane-
liSvili, saime jabniZe,
berTlome andriadi,
nazi konceliZe, isra-
fil nakaSiZe, mayvala
korZaia, ulfie gugu-
nava, Saleri Todua,
daviT kapanaZe, ivane
Salikava da sxvebi.
omer abaSiZis ma-
Ral kvalificiurobas
did angariSs, rom
uwevdnen, iqedanac
Cans, rom rodesac 1959
wlis ianvarSi baTumis
SoTa rusTavelis saxe-
lobis saxelmwifo pe-
dagogiuri institu-
tis bazaze, saqarTve-
los sasoflo-sameuno
institutis filiali
gaixsna batoni omeri
mis direqtorad daniS-
nes. xelmZRvanelis
rTul movaleobas man
kargad gaarTva Tavi.
filiali sadac leqci-
ebs Tbiliseli da adgilobrivi maRal
kvalificiuri pedagogiuri kadrebi
kiTxulobdnen, umokles droSi gaxda
agraruli sferos kadrebis samWedlo,
misi kursdamTavrebulebi avsebdnen sa-
pasuxismgeblo vakansiebs aWarisa da sa-
qarTvelos sxvadasxva regionebSi.
batoni omer abaSiZis damsaxureba da
Rvawli saTanadod aRiniSna. miniWebuli
hqonda saqarTvelosa da aWaris damsa-
xurebuli maswavleblis sapatio wode-
ba. dajildovda mravali ordeniTa da
medliT, misi amagi dRemde axsovT yo-
fil kursdamTavrebulebs.
omer abaSiZe kolegebisadmi gansa-
kuTrebuli pativiscemiT gamoirCeoda,
gulTbili damokidebuleba gaaCnda
teqnikumis fizika-maTematikis maswav-
leblis mixeil qavTaraZis mimarT, ro-
melmac 1912 wels daamTavra xarkovis
universiteti. 1930-iani wlebidan isini
ojaxebiT mwvane koncxze general be-
luckis #1 agarakze cxovrobdnen. swo-
red aqedan Caeyara safuZveli maTi Svi-
lebis rostomisa da andris urTierTo-
basac. erTad Widaobdnen da dRemde ga-
nuyreli megobrebi arian. batoni andri
Rirseulad iRwvis da kuratoria dasav-
leT saqarTveloSi Widaobis ganviTare-
bis. eamayeba, rom sportuli gzis da-
sawyisSi abaSiZis gverdiT idga, romel-
sac saerTaSoriso asparezze arc erTi
orTabrZola ar waugia da rogorc
ubadlo falavani da moqalaqe mimbaZve-
lobis magaliTi iyo yvelasaTvis.
sasixaruloa, rom rostom abaSiZis
ganvlil cxovrebasTan mimarTebiT or
simbolur damTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme.
cxovrebis garkveuli periodi mwvane
koncxs daukavSires da misebr msoflio
aRiarebisaken nabiji gadadges aWaris
kidv orma mkvidrma, mwvane koncxis teq-
nikumis bazaze daarsebuli baTumis sa-
xelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo institu-
tis studentebma muxran vaxtangaZem da
daviT bedinaZem, romlebic Soreul ela-
daSi (q. patra, 2000) da mezobel azerbai-
janSi (q. baqo, 2002) berZnul-romaul Wi-
daobaSi msoflios Cempionebi gaxdnen.
samSobloSi dabrunebul damoukide-
bel saqarTvelos pirvel msoflio Cem-
pions muxran vaxtangaZes institutSi
namdvili dResaswauli mouwyveT. stu-
marTa Soris mowveulebi iyvnen saxel-
ganTqmuli moWidaveebi, msofliosa da
olimpiuri Cempionebi: roman rurua,
levan TediaSvili, rostom abaSiZe, gu-
ram saRaraZe, daviT gobejiSvili, daviT
xaxaleiSvili, veteranebs Soris orgzis
msoflios Cempioni anzor laziSvili da
sxvebi. darbazi mquxare ovaciebiT Sexv-
da msoflios samgzis Cempions rostom
abaSiZis gamoslas, romelmac miuloca
muxrans didi warmateba. siamayiT dasZi-
na, rom TviT miliardian CineTs da in-
doeTs ar hyavs arc erTi msoflio Cem-
pioni WidaobaSi. maSin, roca saqarTve-
lo titulovani falavnebis samSobloa.
aqve rostomma gaixsena mwvane koncxze
gatarebuli wlebi da Tavisi debiuti
sportSi. warmateba mxolod muxlCaux-
reli SromiT miiRweva. meamayeba, rom
muxrani Cveni qveynis mdidari saWidao
tradiciebis gamgrZelebelia - aRniSna
man.
Semdgom muxran vaxtangaZis yofilma
Tanakurselma, soflis meurneobis mec-
nierebaTa doqtorma, profesorma, po-
etma nana konceliZe-jabniZem waikiTxa
misdami miZRvnili leqsi, romelSic aq-
centi rostom abaSiZezecaa gadatanili.
amitomac aqve gTavazobT.
gamarjveba
mogvenatra warmateba,
mudam CrdilSi raRa gaZlebs,
didebis da saxelisTvis,
vlocavT muxran vaxtangaZes.
asaxela Cveni kuTxe,
gaaxara saqarTvelo,
oqos medliT dagvibrunda
Cempioni sasaxelo!
arwivs marTves ra daulevs,
ero mowyenili nu xar,
kvlavac ase SemarTebiT
gamarjvebiT gevlos muxran!
gaagrZele tradicia,
uZlev rostom abaSiZis,
beWdaudeb falavanis,
risic mudam hqondaT ridi.
Turq aTlis da yaflans vinac,
ar aRirsa yofa mSvidi,
sxvis vrcel tramals mirCevnia
Tqveneb Svilni gvyavdes didi.
kidev erTxl gvinda xazgasmiT avR-
niSnoT im adamianebis fasdaudebeli
Rvawli, mwvane koncxis ganaTlebis ke-
ris aRorZinebisaTvis, rom gaiRes. maT
aq mZime pirobebSi daanTes uqrobi lam-
pari, romelic axlac gizgizebs, ro-
gorc agraruli codnis simbolo. (sam-
wuxarod, jer-jerobiT, rogorc baTu-
mis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo uni-
versitetis departamenti). maT gaiares
grZeli, maraTonuli, momqancavi gza,
romelsac namdvilad SeiZleba vuwo-
doT saxelovani.
rezo jabniZe -
soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa
doqtori, profesori,
baTumis saxelmwifo
sasoflo-sameurneo
institutis yofili reqtori.
Sexvedra rostom abaSiZesTan baTumis
saxelmwifo sasoflo-ssameurneo institutSi
suraTze marcxnidan: msoflios xuTgzis
Cempioni roman rurua, reqtori,
profesori rezo jabniZe,
msoflios samgzis Cempioni rostom abaSiZe,
msoflios orgzis Cempionebi _
guram saRaraZe da daviT gobejiSvili.
sasiqadulo mamuliSvili,
pedagogi da Rirseuli
Svilebis aRmzrdeli
9iiaannvvaarrii
qarTuli inteligenciis Tva-
lsaCino warmomadgenelia xelva-
Cauris municipalitetis feriis
sajaro skolis Rirsebis ordeno-
sani pedagogi, gulmxurvale mamu-
liSvili, sanaqebo geografi, or-
ganizatoruli niWiT gamorCeuli
xelmZRvaneli da moRvawe vaxtang
makaraZe.
baton vaxtangs RvTisgan aqvs
momadlebuli maswavleblis,
sxvebze sixarulis miniWebis niWi
da isic qveynis, adamianebis, ga-
naTlebis, bavSvebis, sikeTis sam-
saxurSi iRvwis da dReniadag
ixarjeba. `RvTiuri naperwkliT”
anTebuli, TxemiT terfamde peda-
gogi da WeSmariti moZRvari
mTlianad Seerwya da Seesisxl-
xorca skolas, ganaTlebis siste-
mas. mis umwiklo pedagogiur
taqts, alRos, gamocdilebas sa-
intereso, Sinaarsian cxovrebasa
da moRvaweobas skolebSi, ganaT-
lebis ganyofilebasa da maswavle-
belTa daxelovnebis institutSi
muSaobis Svidi aTeuli weli amS-
venebs. mTeli misi cxovreba ru-
dunebiTi SromiT, saqmis siyvaru-
liT da sikeTis qmedebiTaa gacis-
krovnebuli.
istoriuli mareTis ulamaze-
si xeobidan, baRiviT gadaSlil
sofel oladauridan daiwyo misi
xatimamuli. organizatoruli ni-
WiT, sazrianobiTa da mizanmimar-
TulobiT gamorCeul moswavles
wera-kiTxvis ucodinarTa salik-
vidacio jgufis maswavlebloba
daavales. xolo SvidklasdamTav-
rebuli Wabuki kavSirgabmulobis
oladauris saagentos gamged da-
niSnes. Cinebulad asrulebda da-
kisrebul movaleobas, Tumca
codnis dauflebis wyurvilma
manmade ar moasvena, sanam xixaZi-
ris saSualo skolaSi ar ganagrZo
swavla. sruli kursi ki baTumis
#9 skolaSi daasrula. imave wli-
dan baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-
xelmwifo pedagogiuri institu-
tis geografiis fakultetis
studentia.
codnis taZarma ulamazesi
furclebi Semata Cemi cxovrebis
wignso, _ambobs igi da siyvaru-
liT ixsenebs leqtor-maswavleb-
lebs, romlebmac gadamwyveti ro-
li Seasrules momavali pedago-
gis profesiul daostatebaSi.
1952 wels v. makaraZem warCine-
biT daamTavra instituti da
mSobliur skolaSi geografia-bi-
ologiis maswavleblad daiwyo
muSaoba. maZiebeli, moazrovne, en-
Tuziasti pedagogi saqmis siyva-
ruliT Tavdauzogavad Sromobda
da ixarjeboda, Tavis suls da
guls aqsovda saqmes, romelsac
RvTisgan boZebul bednierebad
miiCnevda.
novatori pedagogi Suaxevis
calke raionad Seqmnis dRidan ga-
dayvanili iqna raionis kinofika-
ciis gamged. xolo 1953 wlidan
Suaxevis saSualo skolas Caudga
saTaveSi. skola male gamoirCa
wesrigiT, moswavleTa sanimuSo
yofaqceviT, maRali akademiuri
moswrebiTa da sanaqebo aRmrz-
del-pedagogebiT. winamZRolobi-
sa da skolis marTvis niWiT ga-
morCeuli xelmZRvaneli 1961
wels ganaTlebis ganyofilebis
gamged daawinaures. am postze ki-
dev ufro mkafiod gamoCnda ba-
ton vaxtangis maRali erudicia,
profesionalizmi, TviTnabadi ni-
Wi, gergilianoba da organizato-
ruli SesaZleblobani, romlebic
Serwymuli iyo did Sromismoyva-
reobasa da saqmis siyvarulTan.
12 wlis ganmavlobaSi saTaveSi ed-
ga v. makaraZe aRniSnul ganyofi-
lebas. igi Zalas da energias ar
iSurebda mis winaSe mdgari amoca-
nebis gadasawyvetad. darsa Tu av-
darSi, wvimasa Tu TovlSi dRenia-
dag skolebSi, pedagogebTan iyo
da maTTan erTad yvelafers ake-
Tebda savaldebulo sayovelTao
saSualo ganaTlebis, dawyebiTi
samxedro swavlebis ganxorcie-
lebis, swavlebis kabinetur sis-
temaze gadasvlis, materia-
lur-teqnikuri bazis ganmt-
kicebis, adgilobrivi inte-
ligenciis zrdisa da momav-
lis Rirseuli moqalaqeebis
aRsazrdelad. gadauWarbeb-
lad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom man
warmatebiT gaarTva Tavi did
erovnul saqmes da amiT didi
amagi dasdo mSobliur rai-
ons. marto 1973-1975 wlebSi
aSenda da eqspluataciaSi Se-
vida sabavSvo baga-baRebis,
dawyebiTi, rvawliani, saSua-
lo skolebisa da saskolo in-
ternatebis 80-mde Senoba.
Tundac is faqti, ra dRis rom
vaxtang makaraZis iniciativi-
Ta da uSualo xelmZRvanelo-
biT Subansa da CiruxSi gaixs-
na moswavleTa banakebi, sadac
rogorc Suaxevis, ise mezobe-
li raionebis asobiT bavSvi
isvenebda da ikaJebda orga-
nizms. xelovani pedagogi
wuxs da guli tkiva imis gamo,
rom kargad dawyebuli saqme
bolo wlebSi miviwyebas mie-
ca. misi survili da mowode-
baa mTa Ciruxi kvlav Cadges
axalgazrdobis fizikuri da
sulieri wrTobis samsaxurSi.
1963wels Suaxevis raionis
xulos raionTan SeerTebis
gamo v. makaraZe gadahyavT olada-
uris saSualo skolis direqto-
rad. 1967 wels ki Suaxevis raionis
aRdgenis Semdeg kvlav ganaTle-
bis ganyofilebas Caudga saTave-
Si. codna-gamocdilebiT dabrZe-
nebulma maZiebelma pedagogma da
xelmZRvanelma didi wvlili Sei-
tana ganaTlebis dargis ganviTa-
rebisa da misi Semdgomi srulyo-
fis saqmeSi. swored Semoqmedebi-
Ti da warmatebuli muSaobis aRia-
reba iyo misi aWaris maswavlebel-
Ta daxelovnebis institutis di-
reqtoris moadgiled dawinaure-
ba. batoni vaxtangi aqac Cveuli
SemarTebiT iRvwoda da dRenia-
dag ixarjeboda imisaTvis raTa
instituti maswavlebelTa pro-
fesiuli daostatebis namdvili
kera gamxdariyo. pararelurad
geografias aswavlida baTumis #6
saSualo skolaSi. xolo amJamad
geografiuli mecnierebis xibls
feriis sajaro skolis moswavle-
ebs aziarebs. Rvawlmosili peda-
gogi kvlav axalgazrduli Semar-
TebiTaa. Svidi aTeuli wlis gan-
mavlobaSi ar yofila SemTxveva
gakveTilis safuZvliani momzade-
bis, saganmanaTleblo resursebis
momaragebis, sainovacio saqmiano-
bis gacnobis gareSe Sesuliyos
klasSi. is ar iviwyebs k. uSenskis
sityvebs: `maswavlebeli manamade
cocxlobs, vidre swavlobs, ro-
gorc ki swavlas Sewyvets masSi
kvdeba maswavlebeli~. amitomac
yovelTvis axali, saintereso, sa-
xaliso masaliT Sedis gakveTil-
ze. Cveuli sidinjiT, mimzidve-
lad, esTetikuri gemovnebiT mra-
valferovani meTodebis momarj-
vebiT atarebs RrmaSinaarsian,
originalur, akademiurad dat-
virTul cocxal da xalisian gak-
veTilebs. wvdeba TiToeuli bavS-
vis sulier samyaros, mis Sinagan
`me~_s . yovel maTganSi amCnevs,
xedavs araCveulebriv unars. ga-
numeoreblobas, unikalobas.
`moswavle WurWeli ar aris pir-
Tamde asavsebi, aramed sanTelia,
romelic unda aanTo~, - ambobs
Rvawlmosili pedagogi, romelic
am suliskveTebiT muxtavs gakve-
Tilis yvela masalas. misTvis gak-
veTilze Sesvla aRsazrdelis
sulSi Sesvlas, sulis Tanaziaro-
bas, masTan humanur TanamSrom-
lobas, fiqrisa da gansjisaTvis
sarbielis Seqmnas niSnavs. amya-
rebs saganTaSoris kavSirs, roca
evropis qveynebs aswavlis mouTx-
robs qarTuli mebrZolebis, par-
tizanebis gmiruli brZolebis Se-
saxeb, riTac itacebs moswavleebs
da erovnuli siamayis grZnobiT
avsebs.
xelovani pedagogi programu-
li masalis mtkiced da safuZvli-
anad dauflebis mizniT gakveTi-
lebis pararelurad unarianad
iyenebs klasgareSe muSaobis mra-
valferovan formebs. iSviaTad
moiZebneba saqarTveloSi pedago-
gi, romelsac iseTi TvalsaCino
warmatebebi hqondes muSaobaSi,
rogric baton vaxtang makaraZes
aqvs. misi moswavleebi yovelTvis
imarjveben olimpiadebsa da Se-
moqmedebiT konferenciebSi . fe-
riis sajaro skolidan misi 14 mos-
wavle saqarTvelos moswavle-
axalgazrdobis sasaxlis direq-
ciam pirveli xarisxis diplomiT
daajildova (aRarafers vambobT
sxva skolebSi muSaobis dros ga-
marjvebul mis moswavleebze).
erT-erTi gamarjvebuli moswav-
le ase exmianeba baton vaxtangs.
`dae icodnen, Cvens saqarTvelos
isev Wirdeba SenisTanebi, SeniT
vamayobT, Cveno gamrzdelo, Sens
qarTvelobas veTayvanebiT~.
advili saTqmelia 14 diplomis
miReba! ra didi, muxlCauxreli,
rudunebiTi Sroma da garjaa ga-
weuli TiToeuli diplomis misa-
Rebad .
aseve mTel Tavis codnas da
energias, Tavis suls da guls aq-
sovs batoni vaxtangi mozardebSi
mSobliuri miwa-wylis siyvaruli-
sa da erovnuli siamayis grZnobis
gaRvivebas. saamisod efeqtianad
iyenebs eqskursiebs. adamiani
ar iqneba srulqmnili, ambobs
amagdari pedagogi, Tu ise ga-
izarda, rom mindvris yvavili
ar mouwyvetia, bunebis wiaRSi
mwvane balaxi ar gauTelia.
amitomacaa, rom yovelwliu-
rad atarebs eqskursiebs. vin
moTvlis Svidi aTeuli wlis
ganmavlobaSi ramden mozards
moatara saqarTvelos mTa-ba-
ri, varZiis sveticxovlis, ge-
laTis, zarzmis, Tmogvis, xer-
Tvisis, nikorwmindis, axali
aTonis, cicxvaTis da sxva
xelTuqmneli qmnilebebis
xibli agrZnobina, siamayis
grZnobiT aavso da zurmux-
tovani mTebisa da lurjkam-
kama cis siyvaruli cxovrebis
did gzaze dausagzla.
v. makaraZe aqtiur sazoga-
doebriv saqmianobas eweva.
didi samamulo omis wlebSi
samxreTi sazRvrebis (aWara-
SavSeTis qedze) gamagrebisa
da frontis dasaxmareblad
gaweuli didi wvlilisaTvis
igi medliT `did samamulo
omSi mamacuri SromisaTvis~
dajildovda.
aRsaniSnavia baton vax-
tangis gansakuTrebuli dam-
saxureba Suaxevis raionis da-
arsebasa (daarsda1952 wels) da
SemdgomSi gauqmebuli raionis
aRdgenaSi. igi erT-erTi pirvel-
Tagania vinc saTaveSi Caudga 1998
wels mareTis xeobaSi wmida gior-
gis saxelobis eklesiis mSeneblo-
bas. wmida taZari grandiozulia
mTel raionSi. amagdari pedagogi
aseve Zal-Rones ar iSurebda da 20
wliani Ziebis Semdeg miakvlia ki-
dec samebis eklesiis XIV-XVss)
nangrevebs. mas didi wvlili mi-
uZRvis aRniSnuli taZris aRdge-
naSi. sagulisxmoa rom 80 wlis
asakSi masTan erTad, mTeli misi
mravalricxovani ojaxi qristia-
nulad moinaTla, daubrunda mama-
papiseul rwmenas.
kidev erTi saintereso Stri-
xi. Rvawlmosili pedagogi daain-
teresa sofel goras (xelvaCau-
ris raioni) norCi moqalaqeebis
bedma. patarebs sofelSi ar hqon-
daT skola. batoni vaxtangis ini-
ciativiTa da ZalisxmeviT goraSi
gaixsna dawyebiTi skola, rome-
lic Semdgom sabazo skolad gada-
keTda.
ase erTgul guSagad udgas
qveynis siyvaruliT gulanTebu-
li mamuliSvili erovnul saqme-
ebs, qveynis saWirboroto sa-
kiTxebs.
saswavlo_aRmzrdelobiTi
muSaobisa da Tanamedrove cxov-
rebiT nakarnaxev sakiTxebze aq-
veynebs publicistur werilebs,
narkvevebs, statiebs. aris 300-ze
meti werilis da naSromis avto-
ri. 2006wels gamoica misi sqelta-
niani wigni `gamonaTlevis gamona-
Teba~, romelic didi interesiT
miiRo mkiTxvelma.
vaxtang makaraZis mamuliSvi-
lur, pedagogiur da sazogadoeb-
riv moRvaweobaze werdnen da we-
ren ara marto misi aRzrdilebi,
aramed cnobili adamianebi, mecni-
erebi, mwerlebi, ganaTlebis dar-
gis muSakebi. magaliTisaTvis Se-
iZleba davasaxeloT aWaris a. r.
ganaTlebis yofili ministrebi
vaxtang wulukiZe, arCil takiZe,
nani gugunava, profesorebi an-
zor diasamiZe, Tamaz futkaraZe,
vladimer da SoTa makaraZeebi...
weren Tu rogori unda iyos WeSma-
riti maswavlebeli, rogor unda
emsaxuros mSobel xalxs da sam-
Soblos, rogor moixados mamu-
liSviluri vali qveynis winaSe.
xangrZlivi uangaro da Tavda-
debuli Sroma jerovnad daufas-
da valmoxdil da Rvawlmosil pe-
dagogs. dajildoebulia Rirse-
bis ordeniT `saxalxo ganaTle-
bis warCinebulis~ samkerde niS-
niT, (orjer), Tormeti medliT
(maT Soris iakob gogebaSvilis
medliT), diplomebiT, sapatio
sigelebiT. miniWebuli aqvs umaR-
lesi kategoriis maswavleblis
wodeba, saqarTvelos preziden-
tisa da zaqaria WiWinaZis premie-
bi. mareTis xeobis winaSe gansa-
kuTrebuli damsaxurebisaTvis
pirvels mieniWa `sapatio mareTe-
lis~ wodeba, aris `sapatio Suaxe-
veli~, iyo sxvadasxva arCeviTi
organos deputati, maswavlebel-
Ta yrilobebis delegati, arCeu-
lia sruliad saqarTvelos Coxo-
sanTa dasis aWaris sadroSos wev-
rad, baTumis pedagogiuri insti-
tutis profesorad, fazisis aka-
demiis namdvil wevrad. axlaxan ki
Suaxevis municipalitetis gamge-
obam, sakrebulom da sazogadoeb-
rivma kavSirma `mareTma~ Rvawl-
mosil pedagogs, xeobis mravali
Taobis aRmrzdelsa da damrige-
bels, publicists, damsaxurebul
saxelmwifo da sazogado moRva-
wes `xeobis moZRvris~ sapatio wo-
deba mianiWa.
didi samagaliTo, stumarT-
moyvare ojaxi Seqmna batonma vax-
tang makaraZem. mis ZirZvel, qar-
Tul keraze samagaliTo Svilebi
da SviliSvilebi aRizardnen.
Tundac is faqti radRirs rom mis
did ojaxSi 20-ze meti umaRles
ganaTlebulia. SvilTaSvilebi,
romlebic amJamad moswavlebi da
studentebi arian kidev ufro
gazrdian am raodenobas.
xvavrieli, baraqiani Semodgo-
ma udgas baton vaxtangs. saqarT-
velos iakob gogebaSvilis peda-
gigTa kavSiris aWaris respubli-
kuri organizaciis, Rvawlmosil
muSakTa pativgebisa da madliere-
bis sazogadoebis, sazogadoebri-
vi kavSiris `mareTis~, feriis sa-
jaro skolisa da sxva organiza-
ciebis mier gamarTul saiubileo
saRamoebze inteligenciis warmo-
madgenlebi, kolegebi, misi aRzr-
dilebi, aWaris umaRles sabWos
Tavmjdomare avTandil beriZe,
aWaris ganatlebis, kulturis da
sportis ministris moadgile la-
do mgalobliSvili, poetebi SoTa
zoiZe da emen daviTaZe, xelvaCau-
ris municipalitetis gamgeobis
kulturis, ganaTlebis, sportisa
da turizmis samsaxuris ufrosi
qeTi devaZe, xelvaCauris munici-
palitetis resurscentris ufro-
si ...... didmaniZe da sxvebi gamsa-
kuTrebulad moefernen da moe-
siyvarulnen Rvawlmosil peda-
gogsa da moZRvars. usurves kvla-
vac didxans iRvawos momavlis
Rirseul moqalaqeTa aRzrdisa
da sayvareli samSoblos sakeTil-
dReod.
akaki zoiZe
vaxtang makaraZe - 90
Svidi aTeuli - aRzrdis samsaxurSi
10 iiaannvvaarrii
gviani Sua saukuneebis xanaSi
saqarTvelos Znelbedoba yvela-
ze metad qveynis samxreT-dasav-
leT raionebs da kerZod, aWaras
daatyda Tavs. politikurad da-
sustebulma da danawevrebulma
saqarTvelom ver SeZlo sxvadasx-
va mxridan moZalebuli dampyrob-
lis mogerieba. samxreT-dasavleT
saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani nawi-
li da maT Soris aWarac osmalTa
batonobis uRelqveS moeqca.TurqTa batonobis qveS mox-
vedrili qarTveli mosaxleoba
mudam ganagrZobda mCagvrelTa
winaaRmdeg brZolas. Turqebma
ver SeZles, ramdenadac ar ecad-
nen aRmoefxvraT maT mier mowyve-
tili samxreTis raionebis orga-
nuli kavSiri saqarTvelosTan.qarTveli politikosebis ara-
erTi Taobis daJinebuli da Tav-
ganwiruli cda, gaeTavisuflebi-
naT mtrisagan mitacebuli miwa-wyali, warmatebiT ver dasrulda.XIX saukunis dasawyisSi ki
qarTl-kaxeTisa da imereTis same-
foebi moeqca meore didi dampy-
roblis, ruseTis imperiis Semad-
genlobaSi.aWaris, kerZod baTumis Seer-
Teba ruseTis amierkavkasiaSi dam-
kvidrebis Semdgomdroindeli sa-
gareo politikis ganuyofel na-
wilad iqca. 1806-1812 wlebis ru-
seT-osmaleTis omis dawyebamde,osmaleTis sazRvrebSi moqceuli
Savi zRvis gamagrebuli punqtebi-
sa da navsadgurebis, kerZod ki ba-
Tumis daWera, erT-erT ZiriTad
amocanad iyo gaTvaliswinebuli.1806 wels ruseTis sagareo saqme-
Ta ministri general gudoviCs
werda: `...foTi, baTumi, gonio -yvela es dasaxlebuli punqti
ZvelTaganve ekuTvnoda saqarTve-
los samefos. maSasadame, ar SeiZ-
leba ar visurvoT ruseTis saxel-
mwifoSi yvela am adgilis gaerTi-
aneba, rom amiT uzrunvelvyoT
ruseTis batonoba saqarTvelo-
Si~. am omis Sedegad rogorc axal-
cixis safaSos, ise aWaris diplo-
matiuri Tu samxedro RonisZiebe-
biT SeerTebis mcdeloba marcxiT
damTavrda. baTumis SeerTebis
ganzraxva ZalaSi rCeboda 1828-1829 wlebis ruseT-osmaleTis
omis drosac, Tumca uSedegod.
aWarasa da baTums ruseTis
samxedro gegmebSi mniSvnelovani
adgili eWira yirimis omis peri-
odSic. ruseTma ~yirimis omSi ba-
Tumis SeerTeba praqtikul amo-
canad daisaxa~. 1854 wlis maisSi
kovalevskis razmi zemo aWaraSi
SeiWra da daikava soflebi bako,Txilvana~. magram am Setevas seri-
ozuli warmateba ar mohyva e.i.aWarisa da baTumis sakiTxi ruse-
TisaTvis kvlav gadauWreli dar-
Ca.XIX saukunis 60-70- ian wlebSi
ruseTis sagareo politikis Ziri-
Tad mizans yirimis omis Sedegad
Selaxuli saerTaSoriso avtori-
tetis aRdgena warmoadgenda. am-
denad, ruseTis sagareo politi-
kaSi ZiriTadi kvlav ~aRmosavle-
Tis sakiTxi~ iyo.1875 wels balkaneTis naxevar-
kunZulze osmalTa winaaRmdeg
slavi xalxebis ajanyeba daiwyo.ruseTi, romelic tradiciulad
balkaneTis slavTa mfarvelis
rolSi gamodioda, mouwodebda
osmaleTis xelisuflebas Seewy-
vita qristiani mosaxleobis dar-
beva da ganexorcielebina refor-
mebi. osmaleTma yurad ar iRo es
moTxovna. ruseTis mxridan Semd-
gomi yoymani balkaneTis xalxebSi
mis prestiJs dascemda. 1877 wlis
12 (24) aprils imperatorma aleq-
sandre 11 kiSiniovSi xeli moawera
manifests osmaleTTan omis
dawyebis Sesaxeb. ruseTi am omSi
warmatebis SemTxvevaSi gegmavda
yirimis omis Sedegad dakarguli
samxreT besarabiis dabrunebas da
baTumis SeerTebas.
qarTveli sazogadoebrioba
sixaruliT Sexvda osmaleTTan
omis dawyebas, vinaidan miiCnevda,rom ~mas Sedegad mohyveboda samx-
reT-dasavleT saqarTvelos Tur-
qTa batonobisagan ganTavisuf-
leba~. mtrisagan mitacebuli mi-
wa-wylis dabrunebisaTvis swraf-
va qarTveli ers arasodes ganele-
bia. XIX saukunis 60-70-ian wlebSi
balkaneTis problemis gamwvave-
bam ruseT-TurqeTis morigi omi
gardauvali gaxada. qarTuli pre-
sa, kerZod ki ~iveria~ da ~droeba~
gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT mi-
moixilavda balkaneTis sakiTxis
irgvliv Seqmnil viTarebas, mis-
dami evropis didi saxelwifoebis
damokidebulebas. ~droeba~ 1877wlis 12 ianvars mowinaveSi ~omis
saqme~ werda:~osmaleTi arc erT
im winadadebaze ar daTanxmebu-
la... konferencia daTxovnilia...evropam Tavisi movaleoba aasru-
la, undoda omi aecilebina Tavi-
dan, undoda osmalosa da ruseTs
Soris Setakeba ar momxdariyo,undoda da am hazriT stambulis
konferencia Seikriba, magram... ve-
ra gaawyo ra...ruseT-osmaleTs Soris omis
dawyebis SemTxvevaSi kavkasia sao-
mari moqmedebebis asparezad iq-
ceoda. ra moeloda am SemTxvevaSi
saqarTvelos? saerTod rogori
unda yofiliyo qarTvelTa damo-
kidebuleba mosalodneli omi-
sadmi? am kiTxvebze pasuxs iZleva
gazeT ~droebaSi~ dabeWdili n. ni-
kolaZis werili ~saqarTvelo-omi
Tu iqna~:~aRmosavleTis omi Tu
atyda, brZola marto ruseTsa da
osmaleTs Sua ki ar dabolovdeba.marto erT SemTxvevaSi SesaZle-
belia amgvari ~omis SemosazRvra~.Tu brZola gaWianurda maSin ki
osmaleTis evropuli momxreebi
misTvis aucileblad Tavs gamoi-
deben da brZola mTels evropas
moedeba... Cvens qveyanas didi
strategiuli da politikuri
mniSvneloba moelis aRmosavle-
Tis omSi... movlenaTa Semdgomma
msvlelobam daadastura n.niko-
laZis werilSi mocemuli anali-
zis utyuaroba.Tu rogori pozicia unda dae-
Wira qarTvelobas mosalodneli
saomari moqmedebis dros, n.niko-
laZe amasTan dakavSirebiT wer-
da:~nu daviviwyebT, rom Cveni
qveynis saxeli, sikeTe da momava-
li Cvens sakuTars saqcielzea da-
mokidebuli. nu SevircxvenT
dRemde pativcemul saxels,... nu
davimalviT soroSi. Cveni gonie-
ri, wesieri da patiosani saqcieli
maRla aswevs saqarTvelos saxels
da mtersa da moyvares daanaxvebs,rom Cveni xalxi siyvarulis, pati-
viscemis, moridebis da keTil-
dReobis Rirsia~.ruseTis mier osmaleTisadmi
omis gamocxadebis faqts da qarT-
velTa aseTi ganwyobilebis mi-
zezs kargad xsnis p.umikaSvili
werilSi ~osmalos saqarTvelo~:~oRond movides kvlav is bednie-
ri dRe, rom Cven erTmaneTs kvlav
SevuerTdeT, erTmaneTi viZmoT
da Cvenda sasiqadulod, kvlav da-
umtkicebs qveyanas, rom igi ar er-
Cis adamianis sinidiss da didi
xnis ganSorebuls Zmas Zmuradve
miiyrdens, TvalSi sixarulis
cremlmoreuli qarTveli da Tu
amisaTvis saWiroa, rom sixarulis
cremls uwinares jer Cveni sisx-
li daiRvaros, nuTu qarTveli
ukudrkeba da Tavs ar Seswiravs
mas, risTvisac oriaTasi weliwadi
Tavi uwiravT CvenTa didebulTa
mama-papaTa~
saomari moqmedebebi erTdro-
ulad or frontze – balkaneTsa
da kavkasiaSi gaCaRda. orTave
fronts mefis Zmebi xelmZRvane-
lobdnen – dunais armias sard-
lobda didi mTvari nikoloz ni-
kolozis Ze, xolo kavkasiis armi-
as mefisnacvali didi mTavari mi-
xeil nikolozis Ze
saomari moqmedebebis msvle-
lobisas arsebiTi mSinvneloba
hqonda osmalTa mier dapyrobil
teritoriebze mcxovrebi mahma-
diani qarTvelebis pozicias, miT
ufro mxardaWeras. Serif-beg xim-
SiaSvili ivane kereseliZesTan sa-
ubarSi acxadebda:~RmerTma qnas,rom male daiwyos omi, me mzad var,rom maSinve Cemi qveyana qarTvelT
Svilebs SevuerTo da rogorc ad-
re yofila saqarTvelo, dReis
Semdegac ise gaxdes~ . ruseTis ca-
rizmi did imeds amyarebda qarT-
vel molaSqreebze, romelTac re-
gularuli armiis gverdiT unda
ebrZolaT. sul omis dros 30 aTa-
si qarTveli moxalise iyo mobi-
lizebuli~. ruseTis xelisufle-
ba cdilobda adgilobrivTa ke-
Tilganwyobis mopovebas. kavkasi-
is mefinacvali, didi mTavari mi-
xeili, romelic imavdroulad
kavkasiaSi moqmedi jarebis mTa-
varsardalic iyo, ase mimarTavda
aWarisa da qobuleTis mosaxleo-
bas:aWarisa da qobuleTis mcxov-
rebno!sruliad ruseTis xelmwife
imperatorma ineba da jari Cven-
dami mondobilis kavkasiis mxed-
robisa modis Tqvens qveyanaSi...nu geSinisT! yovels Tqven-
gans, romelic mtrad ar mogveq-
ceva, Cven miviRebT da mis colS-
vilsa, ojaxsa da qonebas Cven Tvi-
Ton mfarvelad veyolebiT. rusis
jaris yofnam Tqvens qveyanaSi un-
da gvaSoros erTmaneTis mtroba-siZulvili da guliT SegvaTvisos
da dagvaaxlovos Cven TqvenTan.hoi, Zeno keTilSobilis qarTve-
lis tomisano, Zmano yovelTvis
erTgulTa da sayvarelTa qveSev-
rdomTa rusis imperatorisaTa~.samuslimano saqarTvelos mosax-
leobas jer kidev ar daekarga
erovnuli cnobiereba. swored
amis Sedegi iyo, rom ~ruseT-osma-
leTis (1877-1878 w.w.) omis dros
aWara mtkiced dadga ganmaTavi-
suflebeli armiis mxareze~.saerTod qarTveloba am omSi
arnaxul enTuziamzs avlenda.gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobdnen
guriis mcxovrebni. ~gurulebi
Zalian mxneobasa da SesamCnev
survils brZolaSi monawileobi-
sas iCendnen. amas winaT ramdenime
12-16 wlis ymawvilebi movidnen
Turme jaris ufrosTan da iTxo-
ves, rom saca Cveni mamebi da Zmebi
arian, Cvenc iq unda viyveTo. To-
fi mogveciT da jarSi Cagvayene-
To~ .ozurgeTidan baTumis mimar-
TulebiT Setevaze gadasul ozur-
geTis razms general-leitenanti
oklobJio meTaurobda. mas mogvi-
anebiT qobuleTis razmi ewoda.brZolam TandaTan gaWianurebuli
xasiaTi miiRo. rTul reliefs Tan
erTvoda uamindoba. kavkasiis
frontis mTavarsardloba ver iT-
menda baTumis mimarTulebiT Seqm-
nil viTarebas da mdgomareobis
gamosworebis mizniT gadawyda,rom baTumisaken Setevaze qobule-
Tisa da arTvinis razmebi erTdro-
ulad gadasuliyvnen. orive raz-
mis meTaurad generali konstan-
tine komarovi dainiSna. masve dae-
vala saswrafod daewyo Seteva ci-
xisZiris mimarTulebiT. seriozu-
li msxverplis miuxedavad 1878wlis 18 ianvris Setevas Sedegi ar
mohyolia. baTumi jer kidev os-
malTa xelSi rCeboda. maSin roca,ruseTs baTumisadmi, rogorc
brwyinvale navsadgurisa da mniSv-
nelovani strategiuli punqti-
sadmi gansakuTrebuli interesi
gaaCnda. am ganwyobilebas kargad
gamoxatavda ~droeba~ mowinave-
Si:~baTumis dapyroba marto imi-
tom ki ar aris CvenTvis saWiro,rom es Cinebuli navsadguri CvenT-
vis davinarCunoT, aramed imisaT-
visac, rom Semdeg rionis mxares
aqedam arasodes araviTari SiSi
aRar hqondes~. miuxedavad aseTi
gegmisa da arerTgzis Setevisa,ruseTis jarma cixisZiris gada-
laxva da baTumis ganTavisufleba
omis msvlelobaSi ver SeZlo.19(31) ianvars adrianopolSi
mxareebma xeli moaweres omis Sewy-
vetisa da momavali sazavo xelSek-
rulebebis safuZvlebze SeTanxme-
bas~ . 1878 wlis TebervalSi san-stefanoSi daiwyo sazavo xelSek-
rulebaze molaparakeba. ruseTis
mxares warmoadgenda n.ignatievi
da p.nelidovi, xolo osmalTa mxa-
res safvet-faSa da sadulah-faSa.osmaleTis diplomatebi cdilob-
dnen gaeWianurebinaT molaparake-
bebis procesi, radgan imedovnebd-
nen winaswari SeTanxmebis pirobe-
bis gadasinjvas evropis qveynebis
(gansakuTrebiT inglisis) mxarda-
WeriT. Tavis mxriv rusuli dip-
lomatiac xvdeboda, rom xelSek-
rulebis gaformeba aiZulebda ev-
ropas ecno misi pirobebi. ramde-
nime dRis daZabuli dapirispire-
bis Semdeg, 1878 wlis 19 Tebervals
(3 marts) gaformda sazavo xelSek-
ruleba, romlis pirobebi savse-
biT Seesabameboda gamarjvebuli
ruseTis interesebs.san-stefanos sazavo pirobe-
biT balkaneTis naxevarkunZulze
viTareba ruseTis moTxovnebis
Sesabamisad wydeboda – serbia,Cernogoria da rumineTi damouki-
deblobas Rebulobda. bulga-
reTs eniWeboda samTavros sta-
tusi (damoukidebeli mTavrobiT)
osmaleTis mfarvelobaSi.omis Sedegad miRebuli zara-
lisaTvis ruseTma moiTxova da
brwyinvale porta valdebulebas
Rebulobda gadaexada:a) 900 milioni maneTi samxedro
xarjebisaTvis (armiis Senaxvis,sursaTis, samxedro dakveTebis
xarjze)
1877-1878 wlebis ruseT-
TurqeTis omi da baTumi
ruseT-TurqeTis omi. (1877-1878 w.w.)
guruli gamyolebi (Cavladrebi)
11iiaannvvaarrii
b) 400 milioni maneTi ruseTis samxreT-
ze miyenebuli zaralisaTvis (vaWrobaze,
mrewvelobisa da rkinigzaze miyenebuli
zianisaTvis)
g) 100 milioni maneTi kavkasiaSi SeWris
dros miyenebuli zaralisaTvis
d) 10 milioni maneTi TurqeTSi ruseTis
qveSevrdomebisa da rusul dawesebulebeb-
ze miyenebuli zianisaTvis.sul aTas oTxas aTi milioni maneTi .iTvaliswinebda ra osmaleTis mZime fi-
nansur mdgomareobas da sulTnis survils,imperatori daTanxmda gadasaxdeli Tanxis
didi nawilis sanacvlod mieRo terito-
riuli daTmobebi. osmaleTi gadasaxdeli
Tanxis 2/3 sanacvlod uTmobda ruseTs sam-
xreT besarabias, xolo kavkasiaSi yarss, ar-
dagans baiazeTsa da baTums . aRniSnuli
teritoriebi eZleoda ruseTs aTas asi mi-
lioni maneTis sanacvlod.san-stefanos sazavo xelSekrulebis 21-
e statiiT ruseTisaTvis gadacemuli teri-
toriebis mosaxleobas, romelTac survi-
li eqneboda gadasaxlebis, SeeZloT gaeyi-
daT Tavisi uZravi qoneba xelSekrulebis
ratifikaciidan 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi.san-stefanos sazavo pirobebi ruseTis
seriozul warmatebebs akanonebda rogorc
balkaneTSi, ise kavkasiaSi... rac miuRebeli
iyo evropis saxelmwifoebisaTvis, gansa-
kuTrebiT inglisisaTvis. mas mxars uWerd-
nen avstria-ungreTi da safrangeTi. evro-
pis saxelmwifoTa ukmayofileba mxolod
protestiT ar Semoifargleboda, maT omi-
saTvis daiwyes mzadeba. premier-ministr
bikonsfildis (dizraelis) Suamdgom-
lobiT dedofalma viqtoriam 1878 wlis
martis bolos TadarigSi myofTa mobili-
zacia gamoacxada. inglisis gemebi darda-
nelisaken daiZrnen. ruseTi axali didi
omis safrTxis winaSe aRmoCnda – amitom
daTanxmda san-stefanos sazavo pirobebis
gadasinjvas evropis saxelmwifoTa kong-
resze. ruseTis xelisuflebam Tavis elCs
inglisSi graf Suvalovs daavala daezus-
tebina Tu ra daTmobebs moiTxovda ingli-
si ruseTisagan. 1878 wlis 18 (30) maiss lon-
donSi Suvalovma da solsberim xeli moawe-
res inglis-ruseTis SeTanxmebas san-stefa-
nos xelSekrulebis cvlilebebis Taoba-
ze.~es SeTanxmeba gansazRvravda ruseTis
daTmobebs, romelTa mniSvnelovani nawili
amierkavkasiaze modioda. TurqeTs ubrun-
deboda alaSkertis veli, arzrumi da baia-
zeTi, magram inglisi am warmatebas ar das-
jerdeboda da 4 ivniss osmaleTTan gafor-
mebuli xelSekrulebiT valdebulebas Re-
bulobda saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi samxedro
ZaliT daxmareboda mas.aseT viTarebaSi, 1878 wlis 1 (13) ivniss
berlinSi gaixsna evropis saxelmwifoTa
kongresi, romelsac unda gadaesinja san-stefanos zavis pirobebi. eswrebodnen ru-
seTis, TurqeTis, inglisis, germaniis, avs-
tria-ungreTis, safrangeTisa da italiis
delegaciebi. kongresis msvlelobisas ga-
moirkva, rom ruseTi faqtiurad saerTaSo-
riso izolaciaSi moeqca da iZulebuli
gaxda seriozul daTmobebze wasuliyo. ga-
sakuTrebiT seriozuli winaaRmdegoba
warmoiSva baTumis sakiTxis gamo. ingliss
ar surda aseTi mniSvnelovani strategiu-
li da ekonomikuri centri ruseTs gadas-
cemoda. sabolood baTumi ruseTs gadaeca
porto-frankos Tavisufali savaWro nav-
sadguris statusiT. inglisi delegacia
daTanxmda baTumis porto-frankod ga-
mocxadebas im mizniT, rom momavalSi qala-
qi ruseTis winaaRmdeg samxedro da ekono-
mikuri SetevisaTvis gamoeyenebina .magram baTumi jer kidev osmalTa xelSi
rCeboda. baTumis gadacemis sakiTxis sabo-
lood SesaTanxmeblad Sedga ruseT-osma-
leTis erToblivi komisia. ruseTis dele-
gacias xelmZRvanelobda
kavkasiis mTavarsardlis
TanaSemwe general adiutan-
ti Tavadi sviatopolk-mirs-
ki. SemadgenlobaSi iyvnen:general maiori Tavadi tru-
beckoi, kavkasiis mefisnacv-
lis savele kancelariis uf-
rosi polkovniki Tavadi
grigol daviTis Ze gurieli
da ruseTis yofili konsuli
baTumSi judiCi. osmaleTis
mxridan komisiis muSaobaSi
monawileobdnen: varnis yo-
fili komendanti nead-faSa,ali-bei da suleiman-bei da
ramdenime diplomati. Sere-
uli komisiis sxdoma gaimar-
Ta qalaq quTaisSi 12-20 ag-
vistos. osmaleTis mxare
kisrulobda baTumidan ja-
rebi gaeyvana 25 agvistosaT-
vis. SeTanxmebis mixedviT
ruseTs unda daekavebina Cu-
ruq-su, sameba da kvirike – 17agvistos, cixisZiri 21 ag-
vistos, Caqvi – 24 agvistos. ruseTs unda
gadascemoda saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa
dokumentebi da arqivebi. miuxedavad Se-
Tanxmebisa osmalebma gaitaces isini. 19 ag-
vistos ruseTis jarebma daikaves qobule-
Ti, (Curuq-su) . 25 agvistos 11 saaTze rusTa
da qarTvelTa jari baTumSi Sevida. imave
dRes rusTa meore korpusi treiteris me-
TaurobiT Sevida xuloSi, furtioSi, Wva-
naSi da daiZra baTumisaken sviatopolk-mirskis jarebTan SesaerTeblad. TurqTa
ukanaskneli nawilebi devriS faSas sard-
lobiT baTums tovebda. kavkasiis mefis-
nacvalma didma mTavarma mixeil nikolo-
zis Zem imperator aleqsandre 11-s depeSiT
miuloca:~Èìåþ ñ÷àñòüå ïîçäðàâèòü âàøåèìïåðàòîðñêîå âåëè÷åñòâî ñ çàíÿòèåì Áàòóìà~ .
baTumis mSvidobianad ganTavisufle-
bas ase exmaureboda ~iveria~: ~ai, baTumic
daucala osmalebma ruseTs da madloba
RmerTs araviTari vaivaglaxi da sisxlis
Rvra ar mohyva am garemoebas... dro aris
damSviddes da cota mainc dalagdes cxov-
reba. mSvidobianobas, namdvil mSvidobia-
nobas TandaTan fexi Semoaqvs Cvens cxov-
rebaSi da unda vinatroT, rom didi xniT
mainc gvewvios, Tu ara samudamod~ .aWaris gaTavisuflebas da deda samSob-
losTan dabrunebas aRtacebiT miesalmeba
qarTveli mowinave inteligencia. i.WavWa-
vaZe werda:~berlinis xelSekrulebam Cven
erTi didi sikeTe SegvZina... Cveni Zmebi,Cveni sisxlxorci, CvenTan erTad mebrZol-
ni Savi bedisa, Cveni gmirebis bude, Cveni
Zveli saqarTvelo, Cveni ganaTlebisa da
swavlebis akvani, dRes Cven SemogvierTda~.i.WavWavaZisa da s.mesxis TaosnobiT
mTel saqarTveloSi daiwyo SewirulobaTa
Segroveba omis mZime SedegebiT gawamebu-
li, axladSemoerTebuli mxaris mosaxleo-
bis daxmarebisaTvis. qarTveli inteligen-
ciis gulisxmieri damokidebulebis gamo-
xatuleba iyo 1878 wlis noemberSi Tbilis-
Si samuslimano saqarTvelos delegaciis
gulTbili miReba. mowinave inteligenciam
aWarelTa Soris imTaviTve aqtiuri kul-
turuli saqmianoba gaaCaRa, rasac uaRre-
sad didi mniSvneloba hqonda samuslimano
saqarTvelos mkvidrTa erovnuli cnobie-
rebis aRdgenis saqmeSi.jemal karaliZe,
asocirebuli profesori
adamianis nebismieri saqmianoba Semosav-
lis mopovebasTan aris dakavSirebuli, rac
yvelaze kargad mewarmeobaSi, komerciul
saqmianobaSi CarTulobaSi gamoixateba. aseT
SemTxvevaSi intensiurad iwyebs moqmedebas
adamianis yvela fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi
da SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom komerciul saqmia-
nobaSi CarTuli adamiani TandaTanobiT uax-
lovdeba srulyofili mewarmis etalons.
namdvil saqmian pirovnebaSi harmoniulad
Tavs iyris gonebrivi potencialis yvela pa-
rametri. amitom qvemoT moyvanili testi Se-
saZleblobas gvaZlevs ganvsazRvroT, Tu
ramdenad mzad varT mewarmeobisaTvis, ko-
merciuli saqmianobisaTvis, ra gvWirdeba
win nabijis gadasadgmelad.
gaeciT pasuxi Semdeg kiTxvebs da Semoxa-
zeT TqvenTvis Sesaferisi pasuxi.
1. rogor varaudobT gamdidrebas axlo
momavalSi?
a) karieris gakeTebiT, xelmZRvanel sa-
fexurze zemoT asvliT;
b) fulis saqmeSi CadebiT, gariskviT;
g) latareaSi bedis cdiT.
2. rom gqondeT SesaZlebloba gamoxvi-
deT msaxiobis rolSi, vis rols iTamaSeb-
diT yvelaze ukeT?
a) ostap benderis;
b) „ana karenina“–dan levinis rols;
g) Stirlicis rols kinofilmidan „ga-
zafxulis Cvidmeti gaelveba“.
3. warmoidgineT, rom milioni gamoimu-
SaveT. ras gaakeTebT Semdgom?
a) fuls bankSi Sevinaxav da procentebs
davelodebi anabrebisgan;
gavriskav momgebian saqmeSi dabandebas;
g) fulis nawils axal saqmeSi davabandeb,
nawils ki–solidur bankSi saimedoobisTvis.
4. Tqveni azriT, ras mogitanT fuli?
a) Zalauflebas;
b) cxovrebaSi siamovnebas;
g) bevr axal sazrunavs da Surs.
5. Tu gamdidrdebiT, gaqvT survili
amis Sesaxeb gazeTebSi daweron?
a) ara;
b) diax;
g. Cemze xandaxan isedac weren.
6. profesiebis am sami jgufidan rome-
li SegesabamebaT yvelaze metad?
a) mwerali, mxatvari, kompozitori;
b) advokati, eqimi, politikosi;
g) firmis, institutis xelmZRvaneli, ga-
momcemlobis direqtori.
7. Tqveni firmis Seqmnisas, samuSaoze
miiRebT pirebs, romlebic adre Tqveni me-
gobrebi iyvnen?
a) diax;
b) ara;
g) am kiTxvaze safuZvlianad unda dav-
fiqrde.
8. warmoidgineT, rom milioni gamoimu-
SaveT. rogor moiqceviT?
a) Cems cxovrebaSi Seicvleba mxolod bi-
na, manqana, aveji da sxva garemo;
b) Tavs meti mogzaurobis uflebas miv-
cem;
g) kardinalurad Sevcvli cxovrebis
wess.
9. warmoidgineT, rom firmis direqto-
ri xarT. riTi daiwyebT saqmianobas?
a) im adamianebis SeswavliT, romlebTa-
nac momiwevs muSaoba;
b) ganvsazRvrav firmis muSaobis ZiriTad
mimarTulebebs;
g) Sevecdebi saimedo daxmarebis povnas.
10. romeli Sexeduleba migaCniaT ufro
mimzidvelad, Tu darwmundebiT da firmis
direqtori gaxdebiT?
a) Cems muSaobaSi Semcirda profesi-
ul–teqnikuri Cvevebis mniSvneloba da gai-
zarda konceptualuri codnis roli;
b) rac ufro maRalia marTvis rangi, miT
ufro mniSvnelovania komunikaciuri unare-
bi da SesaZleblobebi profesiul–teqni-
kurTan SedarebiT;
g) Tanabrad Seicvala moTxovnebi yvela
Tvisebis mimarT.
11. Tqvens firmaSi erT–erT brigadaSi
konfliqturi situaciaa, rogori iqneba
Tqveni, rogorc firmis direqtoris moqme-
debebi?
a) saWiroa movismino orive mxaris azri
da davarwmuno isini ipovon kompromisuli
gadawyvetileba;
b) saWiroa yvelas azris mosmena, magram
konfliqtis saboloo gadawyveta mivandoT
brigadas;
g) gavakeToT yvelaferi, raTa mcire kon-
fliqti ar gaRvivdes, did konfliqtSi ar
gadaizardos.
12. ramdenad Zlier ganicdiT didi fu-
lis qonis moTxovnilebas?
a) mudmivad;
b) periodulad;
g) ufro ara.
13. milioni rom gqondeT da mogeceT
SesaZlebloba dadoT axali garigeba, ro-
mels airCevdiT? imas, romlis mogebac iq-
neba:
a) meoTxedi milioni;
b) naxevari milioni;
g) milioni.
Semdeg calke furcelze unda CaweroT
kiTxvebis nomrebi da arCeuli pasuxis va-
riantebi. amis Semdeg SegiZliaT daTva-
loT qulebis jami.
qulebi Semdegnairad
fasdeba:
kiTxva pasuxi
1 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.
2 -------------- a) 3; b) 0; g) 6.
3 -------------- a) 0; b) 6; g)3.
4 -------------- a) 6; b) 0; g) 3.
5 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.
6 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.
7 -------------- a) 0; b) 3; g) 6.
8 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.
9 -------------- a) 3; b) 6; g) 0.
10 -------------- a) 6; b) 0; g) 3.
11 -------------- a) 3; b) 6; g) 0.
12 -------------- a) 6; b) 3; g) 0.
13 -------------- a) 0; b) 6; g) 3.
Semdeg SeajameT qulebi da 9-quliani
skalis mixedviT gansazRvreT Tqveni unare-
bis done komerciul saqmianobaSi riskis mi-
marT.
Zalian dabali done (0–dan 11 qulam-
de).
dabali done (12–dan 19 qulamde).
saSualoze Zalian dabali (20–dan 27
qulamde).
saSualoze odnav dabali (28–dan 35 qu-
lamde).
saSualoze (36–dan 43 qulamde)
saSualoze odnav maRali (44–dan 51 qu-
lamde).
saSualoze maRali (52–dan 59 qulamde).
maRali done (60–dan 67 qulamde).
Zalian maRali done (68–dan 78 qulam-
de).
Sedegebis interpretacia.
Tu gansazRvreT, rom gaqvT riskis unari
komerciul saqmianobaSi da is 1–3 doneebis
farglebSia TqvenTvis gamdidrebis sauke-
Teso xerxia mtkiced muSaoba menejeris,
xelmZRvanelis karierisTvis Tavis aride-
biT.
Tu is me–4–me–6 doneebzea, Tqven gaqvT
gamdidrebis Sansi, magram aucileblad unda
ganaviTaroT TqvenSi komersantis SesaZleb-
lobebi.
Tu me–7–me–8 doneebze xarT, Tqven
gaqvT menejeris profesiis dauflebis Sansi.
Tu daagroveT 68–dan 78 qulamde anu
xarT me–9 doneze, realuri Sansi gaqvT gax-
deT milioneri, Tu ukve ar xarT!
t e s t i d a m w y e b i m e w a r m i s T v i s
12 iiaannvvaarrii
C M Y K
daumZimda kacTa naTesavsa Zveli rjuli, Zveli
aRTqma, Seerya saZirkveli kacTa cxovrebasa, ro-
melsac qvakuTxedad edva Zvelis aRTqmis moZRvre-
ba: „Tvali Tvalisa wil, kbili kbilisa wil“. sxva
madlis mwyurvalma sulma kacisam igrZno, rom am
moZRvrebis safarqveS veRar idgomileba didxans, -
da Zveli qveyana iryeva, irRveva, midis da ifuSeba.
igrZno, rom igi RmerTi msjavrisa da Surisgebisa,
RmerTi wyromisa da risxvisa amasTanave kacTmoyva-
re, madlis momfeni, yovlad mowyale da yovelTa
Semwynarebeli RmerTic unda iyos.
am qveynis ryevasa da rRvevaSi jer kargad ver-
gamorkveuli sasoeba adamianisa, hxedavs-ra Zvels
deda-boZs sulis safarisas warsaqcevad gamzade-
buls, hkvnesis da hRaRadebs zegardamo STagone-
bulT kacTa bagiTa. ryevisa da rRvevisagan Tavis
budidam amomfrTxali guli adamianis uTvistomod,
ubinaod hrCeba. guli SeSinebuli, eldacemuli eZi-
ebs axal sadgurs, axals binas, rom amovides axali
varskvlavi, axali alioni, romelmac unda gza aCve-
nos da gaagebinos Zvelis qveynis ryevisagan atexils
mtver-buqsa da bind-bundSi. erTxel wairRvna qve-
yana, exla-ki unda daxsnil iqmnas da ai, am mxsnels
elis xsnis mwyurvale suli.
„Sen, beTlem, qveyana ege iudasi! - hRaRadebs ze-
gardamo STagonebuli wanaswarmetyveli: - ara sada
umrwemes xar mTavarTa Soris iudasTa, rameTu Sen-
gan gamovides winamZRvari, romelman damwysos erTi
Cemi, israeli!“
adamiani raRac lodinSia, garRveul ufskru-
lis winaSe mdgomare, sasos ar ikveTs, rom mova
macxovari da Tavis yovlad-mxsnels xelsa momawv-
diso, sasoebiT aRsavseni, suliT gandidebulni da
aRfTovanebulni winaswarmetyvelni winaT-hgrZno-
ben ama mosvlasa da viTa maxarobelni nugeSs scemen
gulwasuls adamians, movao, oRond Sen „ganmzadne
gzani misnio“.
„aha esera me warvavlino angelosi Cemi winaSe
pirsa Sensa, romelman ganmzadnes gzani Senni winaSe
Sensao, - hRaRadebs srulis rwmenis RaRadiTa winas-
war-grZnobiT aRtacebuli isaia winaswarmetyveli:
- ganmzadeniT gzani uflisani da wrfelhyveniT
alagni misni“.
da aha ama „gzaTa ganmzadebad da wrfel-yofad
alaTa misTa“ moevlina qveyanas ioane winamorbedi
„mRaRadebeli udabnosa Sina“. gulSeryeuls da nu-
geSis mwyurvals qveyanas hgonia, rom ai es aris igi,
vinc ase Zlier swyurian Cvens oblad STenil sulsa
da visac aseTis sasoebiT movelodebiTo. arao, eub-
neba winamorbedi ioane:
„esera movals uZlieresi Cemsa Semdgomad Cemsa,
romlisa ver Rirs var ganxsnad xamlTa misTasa. me
naTel-gceT Tqven wyliTa, xolo man naTel-gceT
Tqven suliTa wmidiTa“.
iSva qriste, iSva igi, romelman naTel-sca qveya-
nas suliTa wmidiTa, iSva igi dedisagan, romel kur-
Txeul ars dedaTa Soris. iSva igi, romelic, ro-
gorc ioane maxarobeli ambobs, - „daemkvidra Cven
Soris da vixileT dideba misi, dideba viTarca mxo-
lodSobilisa mamisa mier, savse madliTa da WeSma-
ritebiTa... rameTu rjuli mosesagan moeca, xolo
madli da WeSmariteba iesos mier iqmna... rameTu ara
moavlina RmerTman Ze Tvisi soflad, raTa dasajos
sofeli, aramed raTa acxovnos sofeli mis mier“. iS-
va igi, romlis gamo sTqva ioane winamorbedmave:
„aha tarigi RvTisa, romelman aRixvnes codvani
soflisani! ese ars, romelisaTvis igi vsTqu: Semd-
gomad Cemsa movals kaci, romelic pirvel Cemsa iyo,
rameTu upirates Cemsa ars“.
„nu geSinin, - axarebs qveyanas angelozi: - nu ge-
Sinin, rameTu aha iSva dRes Tqvenda macxovari... da
ese iyo Tqvenda saswaulad: hpovoT yrma igi, Sexveu-
li da mwolare bagasa“.
ra didebuli saxea, ra didebuli xatia!.. Rmer-
Ti, movlinebuli cxonebad da xsnad qveynisa, Rmer-
Ti axlis aRTqmisa, romelman unda „aRixvnas codva-
ni soflisani“. Ze RvTisa da kacisa, romelman unda
nugeS-sces qveyanas, - movedin, maSvralni da tvirT-
mZimeni, da me gangisvenoT Tqven“, RmerTi, romel-
manc unda naTel-sces bnels qveyanas suliTa wmidi-
Ta, iSva viTa Raribi Rarib safar qveS da aris „Sexve-
uli da mwolare bagasa“... marto erTi varskvlavi-
Raa aRmomxdari aRmosavleTiT da igi dahnaTis zed
adgilsa mas Sobisasa niSnad misad Tu, - ra sxivosani
madli moefina qveyanas dedisagan, romelic amitom
„kurTxeul ars dedaTa Soris: „yrma-RmerTi „Sexve-
uli da mwolare bagasa“, arisRa sadme sxva xati, rom
didebam ase adidos siRaribe da siRaribem ase adi-
dos dideba: yvelazed uwinares am xatiTa uTqva So-
bisave umal igi Tavdabloba kacTmoyvare qriste-
RmerTisa, romelmac mere gaaoca cudmedidobiT
garyvnili Zveli qveyana.
iSva igi, vinc gaWirvebuls da ZiriT Txemamde
Seryeuls qveyanas moacala ulmobelis saZirkveli
„Tvali Tvalisa wil, kbili kbilisa wil“ da amis ma-
gier STaudga „giyvardes moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi
Seni“ da amazed xelaxlad daadgina dasarRvevad
gamzadebuli qveyana, viTarca kldezed, romelsac
verc Jami da verc dro ver Sehmusravs da ver Sear-
yevs. am kldes zed daanTxia man Tavisi RvTaebrivi
sisxli da zed movlinebuli, kacmave jvars acva da
jvarcmuli mainc jvarTmcmelTaTvis hRaRadebda
RvTisa mimarT: RmerTo, Seundev, rameTu ara uwyian
ras iqmnan; ai ra sulgrZeli, ra kacTmoyvare, ra
yovladmowyale RmerTi iSva dRes da amas samarTli-
anad hxarobs da dResaswaulobs mTeli qristianoba.
mas aqeTia aRsdga qveyana axalis aRTqmisa, axa-
li cxovrebisaTvis. mas aqeT Seafara kacma Tavi Tvi-
si RmerTsa siyvarulisas, mSvidobisas, mowyalebi-
sas da Sendobisas. ganaxlda kaci da dRes ganaxle-
buls kacs ZaluZs sasoebiT sTqvas: „Sen xelaxlad
Semqmen me, qriste-RmerTo, da damdev Cemzeda xeli
Seni... Sen scan dajdomai Cemi da aRdgomai Cemi.
alagni Cemni da nawilni Cemni Sen gamoikvlien da yo-
velni gzani Cemni winaswar ixilen... sakvirvel iqmna
cnoba Seni Cemgan, ganZlierda da ver SeuZlo mas, Sen
xar xsna Cemi, Seni moZRvreba - macxovar Cemda, da ve-
Rarsad ganverino sulisa Senisagan da pirisa Senisa-
gan veRarsad vivltode: aR-Tu-vhxde cad, Sen un
xar. STa-Tu-vhxde jojoxeTad, axlosve xar: aR-Tu-
vipyrne frTeni Cemni ganTiad da davemkvidro me da-
sasrulsa zRvisasa, - da rameTu munca xeli Seni
miZRodes me da marjveneman Senman Semiwynaros me“.
1886 w. 24 dekemberi
Soba macxovrisawminda ilia marTali
(WavWavaZe)
tropari: raJams iordanes naTel iRe Sen, ufalo,
maSin samebisa Tayvaniscema gamosCnda, rameTu mamisa xma
gewameboda, da sayuarelad Zed saxel-gdva Sen, da suli
wmida saxiTa tredisaTa daamtkicebda sityvisa mis uc-
domelobasa, romeli ganscxaden, qriste RmerTo, da yo-
veli sofeli gananaTle, dideba Senda.
kondaki: ganecxade dRes yovelsa sofelsa da naTe-
li Seni ufalo aw moisaxa Cuen zeda, mecnierebiT mcnob-
Ta maT SenTa da ganscxaden naTelo Seuxebelo.
naTlisRebis dResaswaulze da mis wina dRes yvela
marTlmadideblur taZarSi sruldeba wyalkurTxeva
didi aiazmis wesiT da nakurTxi wyali urigdebaT morw-
muneebs. am wyals uflis mier kurTxeuli iordanis mad-
li eZleva da, Cveulebrivi wylisgan gansxvavebiT, ar ix-
rwneba. is SegiZliaT mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi SeinaxoT
da gansacdelisa da avadmyofobis dros miiRoT.
naTlisReba - es aris dRe, roca ufalma Cvenma ieso
qristem mdinare iordaniaSi simdabliT ioane naTlism-
cemlisgan naTeliRo da wyali xrwnilebisagan ganwmida,
raTa mis mier codvaTa moteveba moeniWebina CvenTvis.
macxovarma TviTon ki ar miiRo siwmide an, rogorc
ucodveli, ganwmedas ki ar saWiroebda, aramed naTeli-
Ro Cveni SewevnisaTvis, Semusra eSmaki da ganwmedili
wyliT Cveni usjuloeba ganbana.
naTlisRebisas suliwmidis saidumlo moqmedebiT
qristiani qristes sxeuls, eklesias uerTdeba. saidum-
lo ki madlis uxilav moqmedebaSi mdgomareobs: wyali
sxeuls ganwmends, suliwmida ki gonebisaTvis miuwvdom-
lad TviT suls ganbans. gana es sakvirvelia? – ubralo
magaliTi moviSvelioT: roca cecxli rkinis sizrqeSi
Sedis, yvelaferi cecxlad iqceva. am dros civic cxel-
deba da Savic naTdeba. Tuki nivTieri cecxli rkinaSi
SeRwevisas ase daubrkoleblad moqmedebs, raRa gasakvi-
ria, rom suliwmida sulis siRrmeSi aRwevdes? (kirile
ierusalimeli).
am dRes RvTis gancxadeba ewodeba, radganac swored
maSin gancxadda pirvelad sameba – Ze naTels iRebda, su-
liwmida mtredis saxiT Canda, xolo cidan ismoda mamis
xma : „ese ars Ze Cemi sayvareli, romel me saTno viyav”.
14 ianvari (ax.st. 27 ianvari) yovlad-sadidebeli
dRea yovelis qarTvelisaTvis. am dResa uqmobs, am
dResa dResaswaulobs saqarTvelos eri da es dRea
dRe micvalebisa Cvenis ganmanaTleblis mociqulTa
sworis wminda ninosi. am Cvens RvTismSoblis wilxv-
domils qveyanas RvTismSoblisave locviT da kur-
TxeviT moevlina zegardamo STagonebuli wminda qal-
wuli, gadmolaxa Tavis uZluris fexiTa mTani da
kldeni, movida iq, „sadaca RmerTni RmerTobdnen da
mefeni mefobdnen“, pirqve daamxo salocavni kerpTm-
saxurebisani da maTs adgilas aRmarTa jvari qriste-
si, jvari patiosani.
saqarTvelos erma gadaixsna guli, Sig ganibniva
igi jvari patiosani da TviTonac jvars ecva da aravis
ki ar Searyevina arc Tavisi guli da arc gulSi Rrmad
da mkvidrad gabneuli jvari. mas aqeT TxuTmeti sau-
kune gulSi jvriT da xelSi
xmliT ibrZoda, Rvwoda, sisx-
lsa hRvrida qarTveli kaci
da naTeli bnelzed veravin
Seacvlevina.
Cveni istoriis saxeli da
dideba, CvenTa didebulTa wi-
naparTa saswaulmoqmedi mxne-
oba, Tavganwirva, Tavdadeba,
vaJkacoba sul im naTliT aris
gasxivosnebuli, im Saravande-
diT aris mosili, romelic
„Zelma WeSmaritebisam“, wmin-
da ninos madliT da RvawliT
aRmarTulma, mohfina mTels
Cvens qveyanasa. am Zelze sxi-
vosanis asoebiT, qristes
wminda sisxliT dawerili iyo
da aris igi mcneba, romelic
udidesia yovels mcnebazed:
„giyvardes moyvasi Seni, vi-
Tarca Tavi Seni“.
am mcnebis moZRvars eTay-
vana Cveni qveyana, igi aRiara
RmerTad da imas aunTo Tavisi guli wminda sanTlad,
romelic dRes aqamomde ar gamqrala da arc gahqreba,
minam ar gahqreba TviTon qarTvelica. am kacTmoyvare
RmerTisaTvis iwama Cveni qveyana, amas anacvala, mas
Seswira yovelive, rac ki adamians sabednierod aqvs
moniWebuli, eklis gvirgvini daidga Tavzed, TxuTme-
ti saukune gulgaudreklad atara Tav-pirdasisxlia-
nebulma Cvens dromde Seumwikvlelad moitana da tan-
julma da wamebulma Cven, Svilebs, gadmogvca, - exla
Tqven iciTo.
eklis gvirgvinia, magram TvalmargalitiT mor-
Tuls gvirgvins riTi CamorCeba? gvirgvini wamebisa
WeSmaritebisaTvis, kacTmoyvarebisaTvis, gvirgvini
wamebisa maSvralTa da tvirTmZimeTa nugeSisaTvis,
gvirgvini wamebisa erTmaneTis Zmurad da siyvaruliT
gankiTxvisaTvis. mSierTa, mwyurvalTa, sneulTa,
sapyarTa da patimarTa Svelisa da xsnisaTvis, obol-
Ta, qvrivTa, upatronoTa SewynarebisaTvis, nuTu yo-
velive es igiv Tval-margalitebi da ukeTesnic ar
arian?
didi wameba didbunovnebis niSania, rogorc didi
Zlevamosileba. didi wameba igiv didi gamarjvebaa,
romelic wilad jxvdeba xolme didbunovans kacsa,
xolo gamarjvebuli bednieria imitom, rom TviTonac
stkbeba miT, rac gamarjvebas moaqvs, da wamebuli ki
TviT iwvis sanTelsaviT da sxvas ki gzas unaTebs.
amitomac ekliani gvirgvini wamebulisa ufro
uangaroa, ufro mimzidvelia, ufro sagulmtkivneu-
loa da, maSasadame, ufro mSvenieri, sasaxelo da sadi-
debeli. marto am wamebulTa hloculobs kacobrioba,
marto am wamebulTa aRiarebs igi wmindanebad da Tay-
vans scems locviTa da kurTxeviTa.
ekliani gvirgvini, Cvens dRemde motanili CvenTa
winaparTagan, am mSvenierebi-
Ta hSvenis, am saxeliTa saxe-
lovnobs, am didebiT hdidebu-
lobs. Tu visme samarTlianad
eTqmis, rom TviT daiwvnen da
sxvas ki gza gaunaTeso, es
Cvens mama-papas eTqmis da mad-
lobelni Svilni lmobierebiT
pirqve unda davemxoT maT saf-
lavTa winaSe da vugaloboT
dideba didebulTa da qeba qe-
bulTa.
am samarTlian qeba-dide-
bisaTvis sxva ukeTess dRes
ver amoirCevs qarTveli, Tu
ar dRes, Cvenis ganmanaTlebis
saxsovrad dawesebuls. mog-
vevlina wminda nino, gvamcno
da gvaswavla qristes rjuli
da axalma mSvenierma aRTqmam
ganaaxla Cveni qveyana axalis
cxovrebisaTvis. qarTvelma
ar rjuls, am axals aRTqmas,
SeuerTa Zvelisagan yovelive
is, rac-ki ram Zvirfasia adamianisaTvis da rac Tavis-
dReSi ar daZveldeba, minam adamiani arsebobs: Seuer-
Ta mamuli da erovneba. es sami erTmaneTis Rirsi saga-
ni ise Caiwnen, ise Caqsovdnen erTmaneTSi, rom rjulis
dacva saqarTvelos miwa-wylis dacvad gardaiqmna da
miwa-wylis dacva - rjulis dacvad. rjuli Cveni mamu-
lis, Cveni erovnebis xmlad iqca zedmisevisaTvis da
farad zedmoseulTaTvis.
qristianoba, qristes moZRvrebis garda, CvenSi
hniSnavda mTelis saqarTvelos miwa-wyals, hniSnavda
qarTvelobas. dResac, mTels amierkavkasiaSi qarTve-
li da qristiani erTisa da imaves mniSvnelobis sity-
vebi arian. gaqristianebis magier getyvian: gaqarT-
veldao. Cvenma samRvdeloebam kargad icoda, rom ma-
muli da erovneba, rjulTan erTad SeerTebuli,
rjulTan Sexorc-SeTvisebuli, uZleveli xmalia da
Seuleweli faria mtrisa winaSe. sityvas qadagebisas,
swavlas, moZRvrebas igi sul imazed moaqcevda xolme,
rom mamuli da erovneba rjulamde gaapatiosnos, sar-
wmunoebamde aRamaRlos, aswios da yovelive am sams
wmindas da udides sagans, erTad SeerTebuls, Tavda-
debiT amsaxuros, TavganwirviT amoqmedos.
ai, sad da raSi hpoulobda Cveni uwindeli samRv-
deloeba Tavis suliers da xorciels Rones, Tavis
Zlierebas, pativiscemas! ai, rogor gaimagra samRvde-
loebam sarwmunoeba qristeSi am patara qveyanaSi, ro-
melsac garSemo veSapi mtrebi exvivnen da hlamobdnen,
qristianoba Zirianad amoegdoT. ai, ram moagerienebi-
na am patara qveyanas auarebeli mteri! mamuli da
erovneba moaSvela samRvdeloebam rjuls, rjuli -
mamulsa da erovnebas, da egreT moZRvrebulma erma es
sameba wainZRvara win, aTasxuTasi weliwadi omiTa da
sisxlisRvriTa gamoiara da qarTvels binac Seunaxa
da qarTvelobaca.
am samTa uwmindesTa saganTa SeerTebam aswia Cve-
ni samRvdeloeba da daayena is maRal xarisxzed, sadac
yoveli niji Rvawlia da samsaxuri qveynis winaSe. moR-
vawes da mosamsaxures yovelTvis didi pativi da saxe-
li aqvs da amitomac uwin sasuliero wodebaSi Sesvla
da yofna did pativad da did Rirsebad miaCndaT. did-
ni gvariSvilni, mefeTa ojaxisani da Zenic ki bednie-
rad hracxdnen TavianT Tavs, Tuki eRiresebodnen sa-
suliero wodebis kacad gaxdomas, sasulieroSi Sesv-
las da samsaxursa. yvelam icoda, ra mZimea jvari
qristesi, jvari mamulisa da erovnebisa, da saxelic
moRvawisa am simZimeSi iyo. es simZime apatiosnebda
Rvawlsa, es tvirTi asxivosnebda samsaxursa da am pa-
tiosnebasa da sxivosnobaSi iyo Tavmowonebac da
jildoc moRvawisa.
am saxiT, wminda ninos mociqulobiT mofenilma
da damkvidrebulma qristianobam gvixsna Cven aramc-
Tu sulierad, aramed xorcieladac. ima udidesma
moZRvrebam, romelic qriste RmerTma mouvlina qve-
yanas xsnad da cxonebad, Tavisi Zlevamosili kalTa
gadaafara CvenSi Cvens mamuls, Cvens erovnebas, viTa
obolni Seikedla, Tavisis RvTaeburis Zal-RoniT ga-
mohzarda, Sehmosa, STaudga guli rkinisa, gaumZRvara
jvari patiosani da Zeli WeSmaritebisa. da, ai, aTasxu-
Tasi weliwadia, am Zal-RoniT qristianobam Semogvi-
naxa Cven Cveni miwa-wyali, Cveni ena, Cveni vinaoba, Cve-
ni erovnoba.
qristianobis mofena da damkvidreba TiTon cal-
ked, TavsiTavad didi Rvawlia, da rom qristianobam
qviTkirsaviT Segvkra da gagvamagra, rom qristianoba
gagviZRva mamulisa da erovnebis SerCenisa da xsni-
saTvis, Rvawli igi gviorkecdeba, gvididdeba, gviZ-
lierdeba. eg gaorkecebuli, eg gandidebuli Rvawli
dagvdo Cven Cvenma ganmanaTlebelma wminda ninom. ai
riT aris marTla sadidebeli, marTla sadid-dResasa-
waulo igi dRe, rodesac Cveni eklesia didebiT ixse-
niebs am mociqulTa-swors qalwulsa. ama RvTaeburis
madliT mosilma mociqulma dagvawafa dauSrobels
wyaros RvTaeburis WeSmaritebisas da mogvivlina igi
moZRvreba, romelmac iSvila Cveni mamuli, Cveni erov-
neba, da erTsac da meoresac upatrona dRemde.
naTlisReba qarTveli eri da Rvawli wminda ninosiwminda ilia marTali
(WavWavaZe)
redaqtori:
ioseb sanikiZe
specialisti:
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mis.: q. Tbilisi,
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saredaqcio kolegia:nana cecxlaZe, inga SamiliSvilinaTia wiklaSvili, nino doliZe
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