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Explicit Fracture Modeling OfEagle Ford Shale Gas Condensate
Alpay Erkal and John Blair
knowledge reservoir
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Agenda
Introduction
Shale Gas Modeling Fundamentals
Modeling Approaches Today
Explicit Hydraulic Fracture Modeling Application to Eagle Ford Condensate Window
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Introduction
Natural fractures are generally mineralized
Hydraulic fracture networks are created for
each stage
roppants are p ace n t e ma n a rway angravity effects influence the settlement
Clean-up efficiencies determine productive
volume and surface area
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Shale Gas Modeling Fundamentals
Productive volume is less than the stimulated volume
typically associated with the microseismicinformation
Dual porosity system has very small interporosity
essentially single porosity system
Transient system at all timesnot reflected in underlying mathematical models used
today (Warren & Root)
Mostly free gas so adsorpted gas is not as significant
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Modeling Approach Today
Dual porosity conventional models
Modifications from coal-bed-methaneLangmuir isotherms for adsorption
of the system numerically
sub-discretization of matrix cells; exponentialincrease in the cost of computing
Analytical models to estimate Initial Rate (IR)and Expected Ultimate Recovery (EUR)
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Explicit Hydraulic Fracture Modeling
Single porosity model
both matrix and fracture cells are in the same
continuum
hydraulic fractures exist in the model representing
actual physical characteristics such as length,
height and width
no scaling of properties required
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Application to Eagle Ford
Condensate Window
Baseline model with expected characteristics
Sensitivity of selected parameters
Impact on Initial Rate (IR) and Expected
t mate ecovery
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Baseline model characteristics
Blackoil with no re-vaporization of condensate
Single porosity system with explicit fractures
Fracture widths = 0.001 ft or ~3 mm
Fracture porosity = 0.40 Fracture permeability = 10 D
Matrix porosity = 3.5 %
Matrix permeability = 100 nD
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Completions - Hydraulic fractures
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IR Clean-up Early productionIR impacted by fracture permeability
fracture complexity
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Expected ultimate recovery EUR
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Impact of yield on EUR~200 stb/mmscf
100 stb/mmscf
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Impact of condensate drop-out
condensate dominated flow in fractures
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Estimated drainage region
after 40 years
Significant pressure
drop away from thestimulated volume is
limited to ~50-100 ft~50-100 ft
~700-800 ft
Recovery efficiencies:10-15% range
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Questions?