Shell Hazardous Area Classification Fundamentals

8/10/2019 Shell Hazardous Area Classification Fundamentals

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Hazardous Area Classification

Fundamentals & CasesATEX congres

Mei 2014, ordrec!t, "ederland

Erik van de Kuilen Shell Global Solutions Inc.

EX


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Agenda Fundamentals

Ignition Source Control

Standards & Practices

Area Classification the Conce!t Area Classification a "ultiste! Process

Cases

#

$ot Surfaces "anagement of Change % Gasgrou! & em!erature class

'egligible E(tent

Abnormal )!erating Conditions * em!orar+ ,one - "anagement of Change % elease dis!ersion

$eat E(changer /eakage

0entilation 1&A


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#gnition $ource Control% or "ot '()

2

Hot

Surface


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#gnition $ource Control

Ignition Source Control Ignition Source Control is !art of Process Safet+ "anagement

3

Loss ofContainment

Proper Ignition Source Control reduces explosion risk 10-100x


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#gnition $ource Control

Ignition Source Control

Permit to 4ork s+stem 5hot 6ork7

8'o smoking9 areasraffic and vehicle control

$a:ardous Area Classification

* #gnition $ources'E" 112+)

- $ot surfaces

# Flames & hot gases

2 "echanical s!arks

3 Electrical a!!aratus

; Stra+ currents

;

Static Electricit+ controlEtc.

< Static electricit+ = /ightning

> adio 6aves

? $igh Fre@uenc+ E"

6aves- Ioni:ing radiation

-- Bltrasonics

-# Adiabatic com!ression

-2 E(othermic reactions

Essentiall+ covering all -2 ignition

sources 5ref. E' --#=7

$a:ardous Area Classification is onl+a !art of Ignition Source Control


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Hazardous Area Classification $tds & -ractices

Area Classification is t+!icall+ follo6ing industr+ stds & !ractices

BSA 'orth America

API P ; % ecommended Practice for Classification of /ocations for ElectricalInstallation at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class ID ivision - and ivision #. %'orth Americas and locations that have A'SI'E"A designs

API P ;; % ecommended Practice for Classification of /ocations for Electrical

E@ui!ment hot surfaces

oads !lant vehicles

"achiner+ motors

Instrumentation

*Open flame equipment is typically excluded from rea Classification

and located outside t!e classified area


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Hazardous Area Classification A Multiste. -rocess

- etermine flammabilit+ !ro!erties for each fluid andore@ui!ment item 5in particular "#", $#", flas!point, %&)

?

HydrocarbonAuto IgnitionTemperature(AIT)


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# etermine ,one for all e@ui!ment items

a ,one t+!e 5likelihood of flammable atmos!here7

/elease rade Eui.ment'eam.le)

3one'entilated)

3one'confined5

6

-

b ,one e(tension 5dimensions of flammable atmos!here7

entilated)Continuous 5J-hr+r7

Inside tank 0

Primar+ 5- * -

hr+r7

Sam!le

connectionD !its

1 -

Secondar+ 5 -hr+r7

FlangeD !um!seal

2 -


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# etermine ,one for all e@ui!ment items

b ,one e(tension 5dimensions of flammable atmos!here7

--

IP -; irect E(am!le A!!roach

IP -; Point Source A!!roach


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2 etermine fluid ignition !arameters 5ref. /iterature7

a the Gasgrou! for the released fluid

b: the Temperature Class for the released fluid/eleasedfluid

#gnitionEnerg7'm#E)

asgrou. Auto #gnitionTem.erature'A#T) 'deg C)

Tclass

Fluid 't7.ical) asgrou.

Alkanes II A

-#

* Also apparatus group or explosion group; a parameter related to the sensitivity for ignition

e ane .

Ethane .#3 ## A ;- T1

Pro!ane .#; ## A 3


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4: Complete the Hazardous Area Classification Design Basis

and develop the drawings.

-2


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-3

///// Zone 2


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5: Implement and/or verify in the field:

(incl. selected explosion protection: ia, ib, d, e, n,...)

equipment nameplates

hot surfaces roads & vehicles


"AME -:ATE

Bniversal Su!!lies /tdDCE ???

rans t+!e -II G

Co!+right of Shell ProMects & echnolog+ -


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Hazardous Area Classification ; $ome Cases

-. $ot Surfaces

#. "anagement of Change % Gasgrou! & em!erature class

2. 'egligible E(tent3. Abnormal )!erating Conditions * em!orar+ ,one - o!eration

;. "ana ement of Chan e % elease dis ersion

Co!+right of Shell ProMects & echnolog+ -= )ctober #-#ESICE


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Hot $urfaces $ot e@ui!ment surfaces can be an ignition sourceD if the surface

tem!erature e(ceeds the Auto Ignition em!erature 5AI7 of thereleased fluid

Operating temperature > Gasoline AIT

Co!+right of Shell ProMects & echnolog+ ->)ctober #-#ESICE


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Hot $urfaces

A ne6 insulated Steam line 5)!erating em!erature J 2 C7 intoan e(isting !i!e track 5conservativel+7 classified as ,one - 6ithfluids AIs #; C New steam line

Existing pipe track

Zone 1

Co!+right of Shell ProMects & echnolog+ #)ctober #-#ESICE

Alternative installing a ne6 # km !i!e rack

isk Considerations (%'nition Haard nalysis)

API ##-< not a!!licable for ,one - 5onl+ for 6ell ventilated s+stems7 4hat is the Steam line surface tem!eratureN 4hat about flangesN 4here are the $+drocarbon leak sourcesN Close to Steam line hot !ointsN Could the Steam line be shieldedsegregated from the $+drocarbon linesN


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Management of C!ange ; asgrou. and T Class

Existing / Replaced IIA-T3Equipment / zone

(max surface temp. 200 C)

New IIA-T2 equipment / zone(max surface temp. 300 C)

Existing IIA-T3 and-T2 equipment

Installing ne6 e@ui!ment ine(isting facilit+ New IIC-T2 equipment / zone


New IIA-T2 equipment / zone


zone (max surfacetemp. 200 C)

in T3 zone

IIA equipment inIIC zone


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3one


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A=normal .erating Conditions 5rilling 4$CP7 Platform 4ell $ead Control Panel 54$CP7

cabinet 5ca. 2 m27 is located in ,one # andinternall+ classified ,one -. ,one # isbased on normal !roduction.

uring $A,)P it 6as found that for 2*

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Shell Hazardous Area Classification Fundamentals

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