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SINDH Launch – 13 Feb 2012
SINDH Launch – 13 Feb 2012
ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015
ASER - The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) is a citizen led large scale national household survey about the quality of education in rural and some urban areas of Pakistan. Inspired by the ASER India & East Africa UWEZO methodology it seeks to fill a gap on learning outcomes by providing a reliable set of data at the national level on an annual basis, that is comprehensive and easy to understand. The survey’s objectives are three fold: To get reliable estimates of the status of children’s schooling and basic
learning (reading and arithmetic level) To measure the change in these basic learning and school statistics from
last year To interpret these results and use them to affect policy decisions at
various levels.
Scale & Scope of Survey
Coverage : In all five provinces i.e. Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab,
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Gilgit-Baltistan, and FATA & AJK.- Rural Phase I : Year I 2010 – 32 districts across Pakistan Phase II: Year II 2011 – 85 districts across Pakistan (84 Rural + 3
Urban /2 overlap with rural districts)Phase III : Years III, IV , V all districts across Pakistan (138 districts) Sample: 600 households per district. Two-stage stratified sample; 30 Villages will be selected randomly using the village directory of
the latest Census. The Probability Proportional to Size Sampling (PPS) technique will be adopted as an appropriate one when the sampling units are of different sizes. 20 households per village and in each village 1 govt. and 1 private school are surveyed
ASER Pakistan Assessment Tools Grade IIASER Assessment tools are prepared in following Categories• Reading
Urdu Sindhi Language
• Arithmetic abilities• English
Section I : Scale of Survey
ASER 2011
ASER 2011Children
Province Districts Villages/ Blocks
House Hold Female Male Total Mothers Gov
SchoolsPvt
Schools
Sindh Rural 17 506 10,016 13,178 18,756 31,934 10,977 484 74
Karachi Urban 1 34 391 483 479 962 399 29 29
Total 18 540 10,407 13,661 19,235 32,896 11,376 513 103
National 85 2,599 49,793 60,240 86,634 146,874 51,654 2,464 1,178
Scale: • Pilot Year in 2008 – 11
districts • 2010 – 32 districts• 2011 – 85 districts,
84 rural and 3 urban.
Sindh• 6 districts in 2010 • 18 districts in 2011 including
Karachi.• City District Karachi surveyed
for the first time
18 Districts (17 Rural + 1 Urban) Surveyed in Sindh
* 6 districts were surveyed in 2010 as well. ** Source: PSLM Pakistan 2010-2011
ASER 2011 Districts (17/23)
Literacy Rank**
Thatta 22 Tando Muhd Khan 21 Kashmore 20Mithi* 18 Umerkot* 17 Ghotki* 15Jamshoro 13 Tando Allah Yar 12 Shikarpur 11 Larkana 9 Khairpur* 8 Sanghar 7Mirpurkhas* 6 Nowshero Feroze 5Sukkur* 4Dadu 3Hyderabad 2Karachi 1
Section II : Access?
Enrollment (6-16 years) 71% of 6-16 year olds in rural Sindh are enrolled in schools
29 % children are out of school
10% Rural children enrolled in private/ non-state sector
% Children in Different Types of Schools
% Out of school
TotalAge Group Govt. Pvt. Madras
ahOther
s
Never Enrolle
d
Drop-out
6-10 67.5 7.2 0.5 0.3 23.1 1.5 100
11-1361.6 6.2 0.6 0.3 24.0 7.4 100
14-1649.8 4.3 0.4 0.1 29.8 15.6 100
6-16 63.3 6.5 0.5 0.3 24.4 5.1 100Total 70.6 29.4
By Type 89.7 9.2 0.7 0.4
Enrollment for boys higher as compared to girls in all provinces
Inter-Province Comparison - Enrollment
District Wise Enrollment Among the 17 districts surveyed, Kashmore has the highest
number of out-of-school children (45%), followed by Thatta.Larkana has the lowest number of out-of-school children (16%)
Enrollment decreases sharply as class level increases
Class Wise Enrollment
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
10
20
30
40
25.8
15.913.3
10.0 11.07.4
6.1 4.7 3.6
2.2
26.6
16.813.3
10.2 11.2
6.8 5.1 4.33.0
2.8
Class Wise Enrollment2010* 2011
Class
% C
hild
ren
Large number of children not attending school at the right age (6-10 yrs)
Minor gender gap for out of school children across age groups
Action : Important to ensure that mainstreamed children, especially girls, are sustained in school over time.
Out of School Children
Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years)
Enrollment of children of 3 - 5 years 38% in Sindh
Among the enrolled, 90% children go to government school
Action : Early years need the best investment – the
foundation years for future learning. Special attention and resources needed to increase
enrollment with trained teachers and safe learning
environment .
Section III : Quality?
Learning levels – Urdu/Sindhi
ASER tools are created after analyzing textbooks
Std 2 level text
59% of the children may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in Urdu/Sindhi at grade II competencies
Among the 17 districts surveyed, TandoAllahYar [24%] (has the lowest number of children who can read at least story level text
Leaning levels – English
80% of the children may complete primary without learning how to read fluently in English at grade II competencies
Among the 17 districts surveyed, Thatta [97%] (has the lowest number of children who can read at least a sentences in English
Std 2 level text
Basic Arithmetic levels
76% of the children may complete primary without learning how to do division at grade II competencies.
Among the 17 districts surveyed, Kashmore [97%] (has the lowest number of children who can read at least sentences level text
Std 2 level
Learning levels NowsheroFeroze ranks highest in
Reading Levels (Urdu/Sindhi) and Arithmetic level
The consistently better districts in all three subjects include NowsheroFerozeHyderabad
The consistently worse districts include KashmoreThatta
Learning levels – Public vs. Private
Reading levels better in Private schools for both English and Arithmetic
82% children in government and 53% children in private schools in class 5 are still unable to read a class 2 level English text
Almost 77% of the children in Government schools and 59% of children in private schools in class 5 may complete primary without learning how to do class 2 level division.
Learning levels – Boys vs. Girls
Learning levels better for boys in Urdu , English and Arithmetic
% Girls
who
can r
ead a
t leas
t Sen
tence
% Boy
s who
can r
ead a
t leas
t Sen
tence
-
20
40
60
16.7 24.6
Learning Levels - Urdu/Sindhi by Gender
-
20
40
60
13.5 21.1
Learning Levels - Eng-lish by Gender
-
20
40
60
14.0 21.0
Learning Levels - Arithmetic by Gender
Learning Levels for Out of School Children in Sindh
• 4% of out-of-school children could read a Story
Section IV : Private Supplementary Tuition?
Additional learning support In Sindh 3% Government and 18% Private enrolled children take tuition
Rural
Section V : Attendance?
Students “attendance as per register” (71%) compared to “attendance as per headcount” (62%) – Govt. schools
Teachers attendance lowest at the Primary level – 84% in Government schools and 85% in Private schools ;
Overall better attendance (teacher and student) in Private sector
Attendance
Section VI : Other dimensions that influence teaching and learning?
Mother’s Literacy Percentage of Illiterate mothers:
74% in Rural Sindh.
Sindh has the 5th highest number (26%) of literate mothers when compared to
other provinces
% mothers who can read
sentence RankAJK 58% 1Islamabad 52% 2Punjab 42% 3KP 28% 4Sindh 26% 5Gilgit 25% 6Balochistan 22% 7FATA 13% 8
Basic Facilities – Toilet and Water
52% primary government schools still do not have useable water67% primary government schools still do not have toilet facilities
Basic Facilities – Playground and Boundary Wall
69% primary government school have a boundary wall
Multi-grade Classes
• Around 65% primary government schools children of class 2 sit with some other class and share teachers
• What could cause this: Missing Teachers or lack of classrooms?
Section VII : URBAN – Karachi Story
Children
Province Districts Villages/ Blocks
House Hold Female Male Total Mothers Gov
SchoolsPvt
Schools
Karachi Urban 1 34 391 483 479 962 399 29 29
Enrollment (6-16 years) 90% of 6-16 year olds in City District Karachi are enrolled in
schools
10 % children are out of school
73% children enrolled in private/ non-state sector
Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years)
Enrollment of children of 3 - 5 years 69% in City District Karachi
Among the enrolled, only 13% children go to government school
Action : Early years need the best investment – the
foundation years for future learning. Special attention and resources needed to increase
enrollment with trained teachers and safe learning
environment .
Enrollment - Urban
KARACHI LAHORE PESHAWAR
More girls enrolled in government schools in City District Karachi
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt
SchoolPvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
55.3 44.7 50.6 49.4
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt School Pvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
66.3
33.7
64.3
35.7
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Boys Girls Boys GirlsGovt School Pvt School
-
20
40
60
80
100
36.8
63.2 52.6 47.4
Enrollment by Gender and Type of School
% C
hild
ren
Learning Level by Gender - Urban
URDU/SINDHI ENGLISH ARITHMETIC
Girls are outperforming boys in City District Karachi
- 20 40 60 44.7 38.0
Learning Levels - Urdu/Sindhi by
Gender
- 20 40 60 56.7 50.1
Learning Levels - Eng-lish by Gender
- 20 40 60 43.1 39.7
Learning Levels - Arithmetic by Gender
Mother’s Literacy As compared to Urban Lahore and Urban Peshawar, Karachi
has the highest % of literate mothers (82%)
A huge gap between literate mothers in Karachi (82%) and in Rural Sindh (26%)
Urban Literate Illiterate
Lahore 76.8 23.2
Karachi 81.5 18.5
Peshawar 61.1 38.9
Section VIII: How far have we come on RTE compliance?
Article 25 A : “The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to sixteen
years in such a manner as may be determined by Law”
How can ASER 2011 inform the planning, drafting, resourcing and implementation of 25 A? ASER can help assess education with respect to info. on:AccessQualityEquity
Planning according to district based assessment – generating District Report Cards (DRCs) linked to the initiative of the Govt. of Punjab.
Use of ASER data and teams for advocacy on Right to Education – focusing on gender & the excluded groups
Forming District RTE Vigilante Committees mobilizing coalitions, teachers, youth, media and bar associations.
