Instructors: John Hildebrand (SIO) and Lisa Balance (SWFSC) JH Office hours: Friday 10:30-11:30 Ritter Hall 200E Guest lecturers: Ana Širović and Simone Baumann-Pickering Teaching assistants: Kait Frasier and Matt Leslie ML Office hours: Monday 2:00-4:00 Galbraith Hall 364 KF Office hours: Wednesday 10:00-12:00 GH 364 Class website: www.cetus.ucsd.edu/sio133
SIO 133 – Marine Mammal Biology
SIO 133 – Marine Mammal Biology
Textbook: Marine Mammals: Evolutionary Biology (2nd Edition) Berta, Sumich and Kovacs Supplemental PDF readings posted on class website: www.cetus.ucsd.edu/sio133
SIO 133 – Evaluation Criteria
Midterm: 30% Term Paper: 30% Final Exam: 30% Section Participation: 10% Important dates: Midterm May 5 Term Paper Topic Due May 5-7 Term Paper Outline Due May 12-14 Term Paper Due June 6 @ 6 pm Final Exam June 11, 8-11 am
SIO 133 – Term Paper
Detailed examination of a topic or species ~5-7 pages (not including citations) Beyond level of material covered in class Use information from the primary literature Scientific journals or Monographs
e.g. Marine Mammal Science
SIO 133 – Goals of the Course
Understand marine mammal diversity, evolution, physiology, ecology, and behavior
Challenges for mammals living in the sea Thermal regulation Diving hydrostatics Communication Social systems, reproduction
Conservation and management Whaling Fisheries interactions
Marine Biozones and Light Zones
Major Biomes
Polar (Arctic) zone
Polar (Antarctic) zone
Global Ocean Circulation
Subsurface
Surface
POLAR TEMPERATE SUBTROPICAL TROPICAL
Vertical Profiles of Temperature and Nutrients
Coastal Upwelling in the Northern Hemishpere
SEA SURFACE PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
Based on satellite data for ocean color
Zooplankton Biomass
Benthic Biomass
• Plankton (float, limited ability to propel themselves)
• phytoplankton (plants)
• zooplankton (animals)
• Nekton (swimmers): fish, reptiles, mammals, birds ...
• Benthos: live on the bottom (epifauna) or within the sediments (infauna)
• Many change: plankton early in life benthic or nekton
Lifestyles of Marine Organisms
Marine Food Web Availability of food established by:
- Primary production and number of trophic levels
Marine Mammals Early observations: Aristotle (384-322 BC) – Historia Animalia describes
mammals: dolphins, killer whales, baleen whales Konrad Gesner (1516-1565) – Historia Animalium
earliest drawings of marine mammals
Marine Mammal Science Emerged as a discipline in last 50 years Journals: Marine Mammal Science, Journal of
Mammalogy, Canadian Journal of Zoology,
Journal of Zoology, Fisheries Bulletin, Marine
Ecology Progress Series, …
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1495-1840 1845-1960 1961-1998 1999-2004
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Marine Mammal Science Study of Mammal Mammals Increasing technology:
Remote sensing
acoustic, satellite
time-depth recorders
Crittercam Molecular ecology
systematics
taxonomy