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PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case

icr o biologyB.E Pruitt ! "ane ". #tein

 AN INTRODUCTIONEIGHTH EDITION

TORTORA • FUNKE • CASE

Chapter $%, part &Specific Defenses of the Host:

The Immune Response

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#peci'ic (e'enses o' the )ost*+he Immune esponse

- Innate (nonspecific) Defenses against any pathogen- Immunity Specific antiboy an !ymphocyte

"esponse to an antigen

-  Antigen (Ag) A substances that causes the boy to

p"ouce specific antiboies o" sensiti#e T ce!!s

-  Antiboy (Ab) $"oteins mae in "esponse to anantigen

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+erminology

- Se"o!ogy Stuy of "eactions bet%eenantiboies an antigens

-  Antise"um &ene"ic te"m fo" se"um becauseit contains Ab

- &!obu!ins Se"um p"oteins

-&amma (γ ) g!obu!in Se"um f"action containing Ab

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#erum Proteins

igure $%.2

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+he Immune esponse

-  Ac'ui"e immunity Dee!ope u"ing aniniiua!s !ifetime

- Humo"a! immunity Ino!es Ab p"ouce by* ce!!s

- Ce!!+meiate immunity Ino!es T ce!!s

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&c/uired Immunity

- Natu"a!!y ac'ui"e actie immunity

- Resu!ting f"om infection

- Natu"a!!y ac'ui"e passie immunity

- T"ansp!acenta! o" ia co!ost"um

-  A"tificia!!y ac'ui"e actie immunity

- In,ection of Ag (accination)

-  A"tificia!!y ac'ui"e passie immunity

- In,ection of Ab

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&ntigenic (eterminants

-  Antiboies "ecogni#e an "eact %ith antigenic

ete"minants o" epitopes-

igure $%.

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)aptens

igure $%.4

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&ntibody #tructure

igure $%.1ac

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- .onome" 

- /01 of se"um antiboies

- 2i3 comp!ement

- In b!oo4 !ymph4 intestine

- C"oss p!acenta

- 5nhance phagocytosis6

neut"a!i#e to3ins 7 i"uses6p"otects fetus 7 ne%bo"n

- Ha!f+!ife 8 9 ays

Ig3 antibodies

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- $entame" 

- ;+<01 of se"umantiboies

- 2i3 comp!ement- In b!oo4 !ymph4 on *

ce!!s

-  Agg!utinates mic"obes6

fi"st Ab p"ouce in"esponse to infection

- Ha!f+!ife 8 ; ays

Ig antibodies

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- Dime" 

- <0+<;1 of se"umantiboies

- In sec"etions

- .ucosa! p"otection

- Ha!f+!ife 8 = ays

Ig& antibodies

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- .onome" 

- 0-91 of se"um antiboies

- In b!oo4 !ymph4 on * ce!!s

- On * ce!!s4 initiate immune"esponse

- Ha!f+!ife 8 ays

Ig( antibodies

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- .onome" 

- 0-0091 of se"umantiboies

- On mast ce!!s anbasophi!s4 in b!oo

-  A!!e"gic "eactions6 !ysis of

pa"asitic %o"ms- Ha!f+!ife 8 9 ays

IgE antibodies

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- *one ma""o% gies "ise to * ce!!s-- .atu"e * ce!!s mig"ate to !ymphoi o"gans-

-  A matu"e * ce!!s "ecogni#es epitopes-

Clonal #election

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Clonal #election

igure $%.

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#el'tolerance

- *oy oesnt ma>e Ab against se!f 

- C!ona! e!etion

- The p"ocess of est"oying * an T ce!!s that "eact tose!f antigens