Slide 1 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Bob Heile, Chair 802.15 802.15 Solutions for the Last 10 Meters: An...

Bob Heile-May 16, 2000Slide 1

Bob Heile, Chair 802.15

802.15Solutions for the Last 10 Meters:

An Overview of IEEE 802.15 Working Group on WPANs


The Problem

• Wires are a problem

– Get broken

– Get lost

– Get in the Way

– Get misconnected

802.15-Overview


• People who carry a watch, pager, cell phone, PDA, and personal stereo have at least

– Four displays

– Two input devices

– Four speakers

– One microphone

– Two long range communications links

802.15-Overview

The Problem


• Unnecessary Duplication of

– Information

– Hardware I/O components

– Software functions

– Data entry

802.15-Overview

The Problem


• Bluetooth??

• HomeRF SWAP and Firefly??

• 802.11??

• 802.15??

• Other??

802.15-Overview

The Solution


802.15 Mission• Work closely with and build consensus among groups

having an interest in WPANs like Bluetooth, HomeRF, and 802.11.

• Provide an open forum to debate alternative proposals

• Create Standards that meet the requirements of WPANs and have broad market appeal.

• Deal effectively with coexistence and interoperability in a shared medium.

802.15-Overview


IEEE P802, a Family of Standards

802.15-Overview


IEEE 802 Wireless Vision Statement

• 802.11 Base Standard

– 2.4GHz Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (1Mbit/s)

– 2.4GHZ Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (2Mbit/s)

– Infrared (1Mbit/s)

• 802.11a 5GHz Extension (>20Mbit/s)

• 802.11b 2.4GHz Extension (>8Mbit/s)

• 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks

• 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (LMDS)

“IEEE 802 is the focal point for Wireless LAN standards.” Jim Carlo

Source: Jim Carlo, 802 Chair [JC-802-Consortium.PDF] can be downloaded from the following URL: ftp://ftp.flexipc.com/wearablesgroup/802/

802.15-Overview


• Continuum of needs for wireless products• No one solution can fill all needs• Family of complementary devices

High performance,higher cost

Low performance,low cost

WPAN Positioning Statement802.15-Overview

100000

10000 PAN

802.15

1000

100

10

110 100 1000 10000 100000

Range (meters)

U

se

r D

ata

Ra

te (

Kb

its

/s)

MAN802.16

RFID

WAN802.?

LAN802.11


WPAN Project History• Started in 1997 as ‘ad hoc’ group within IEEE Portable

Applications Standards Committee (PASC)• At the time, no other Groups or Standards Bodies dealing with

the problem• In March 1998 a Study Group was formed within 802.11 to

develop a Project Authorization Request (PAR)• In March 1999, IEEE 802.15 Working Group for WPANs

established• Kick-off Meeting July5-9 in Montreal-61 people attending, 39

achieved voting status.

802.15-Overview


WPAN Related Activities

• Bluetooth--over 1800 Companies Participating Formed May 20, 1998 Spec v1.0-July 99

• HomeRF/Firefly-- over 100 CompaniesFormed March 4, 1998 Spec Dec 98(swap)/Dec 99

• 802.15-- over 70 Companies ParticipatingTarget Standard Nov 00

802.15-Overview


IEEE 802.15 Charter

• Build on emerging industry specifications

• Provide an open forum to debate these proposals

• Identify substantive issues

• Build consensus on solutions

• Goal is to create standards that have:

– broad market applicability

– deal with the issues of coexistence and interoperability

– widely used

The IEEE P802.15 WPAN Working Group is chartered with developing Personal Area Network standards for short distance wireless networks.

802.15-Overview


Current 802.15 Project Activity

• 802.15.1: Task Group 1 on 1Mbits/s WPAN based on the Bluetooth Radio 1 Specification– approved March 1999

• 802.15.2: Task Group 2 on Coexistence for Wireless Applications operating in the Unlicensed Bands– approved November 1999

• 802.15.3: Task Group 3 on 20+Mbits/s WPANs for Multimedia and Digital Imaging– approved March 2000

802.15-Overview


P802.15 Functional Organization Chart

Technical EditorTom Siep

Asst. T echnical EditorM ike M cInnis

SecretaryPat Kinney

Asst. SecretaryM ike M cInnis

M arketingCom m itteeBruce Kraem erIntersil

Study G roups

Study G roups/Com m ittees

LLC Sub LayerM AC Sub LayerPHY Layer

Task Group 1Subm ission 1Ian G iffordM /A-COM

Coexistence M odelRecom m ended Practice

Task Group 2CoexistenceSteve Shellham m erSym bol

Task Group 3High RateJohn BarrM otorola

Task Groups

802.15 W GW G Chair

Bob Heile ,GT E

802.15-Overview


How IEEE 802 Establishes a Standard

802.15-Overview


802.15.1Task Group 1

Bluetooth

802.15.1-Bluetooth


802.15.1 Key Requirements

• Worldwide spectrum allocations for unlicensed bands such as 2.4GHz

• Up to 10 meters range• Low Cost: i.e., relative to target device• Small Size e.g., ~.5 cubic inches( excludes antenna &

battery)• Power Management: Very Low current consumption

(Average 20mw or less @ 10% Tx/Rx load)

802.15.1-Bluetooth


• Asynchronous or connection-less data links• Synchronous, and connection-oriented links• Allow coexistence of multiple Wireless PAN’s in the

same area (20 within 400 square feet)• Allow coexistence of multiple Wireless Systems such

as P802.11 in the same area• Delivered Data Throughput at the MAC SAP: (19.2 -

100) kbit/s (actual 1 device to 1 device)

802.15.1-Bluetooth

802.15.1 Key Requirements


Results of CFPs and Submissions

IEEE 802.11 HomeRF Lite Bluetooth Intermec

3. November 13, 1998 or sooner

IEEE 802.111997

Bluetooth5/20/98

GTE5/22/98

Intermec5/22/98

M/A-COM5/22/98

1. May 22, 1998 or sooner

HomeRF3/4/98

IEEE 802.11 HomeRF Lite Bluetooth Intermec

4. January 15, 1999 or sooner

Kodak

IEEE 802.11 HomeRF Lite Bluetooth GTE Intermec Motorola

2. July 10, 1998 or sooner

M/A-COM

IEEE 802.11HomeRF Lite

(Firefly)Bluetooth Intermec

5. March 8, 1999 or sooner

Kodak

Wireless Personal Area Networking

Call For ProposalsLiaisonConvergence Achieved Convergence Happening Possible Convergence

Bluetooth

6. July 1, 1999 or sooner

802.15.1-Bluetooth


WPAN

Comparison of 802.15.1 WPAN Requirements with IEEE 802.11

2.4 GHz radioFreq. Hopping

Spread Spectrum

2.4 GHz radioDirect

SequenceSpread

Spectrum

Infra-Red

1 Mbit/s2 Mbit/s

2 Mbit/s1 Mbit/s

1 Mbit/s2 Mbit/s

Legend: italic (and red) = optional

Higher data rate extension in 2.4 GHz

802.11b

Higher data rate extension in 5 GHz802.11a

11 & 5.5Mbit/s

6-12-18...54 Mbit/s

MAC

Lower data rate extension in 2.4 GHz802.11x

<1Mbit/s

MAC Lite

802.15.1-Bluetooth


~Jun97 - Idea for standard Mar98 - Find Sponsor Feb99 - Submit PAR Mar99 - Approve PAR Jul99 - Organize working group 4Q99 - Develop draft standard

• 2Q00 - Ballot draft standard

• ? - Approve draft standard

• ? - Publish approved standard

Right now the Task Group 1 is here

802.15.1-Bluetooth


Write scope and purpose

Examine related standards and publications

Draft outline• Fill in outline• Revise, revise, revise• Finalize document

What Task Group 1 is now doing

You are here

802.15.1-Bluetooth


802.15.1 Proposed Timelinefor Initial Standard & Beyond

• Jul 1999 - Initial Discussion on Proposal submissions • Sep 1999 - Review initial draft standard. If Bluetooth specification is the only

complete proposal, understand and present what problems, if any, it will create for other 802 standards. If minimal, base draft on BT spec.

• Sept 1999- Initiate Call for Interest and form Study Group(s) to quickly initiate new PARs for other distinct functional classes of WPANs (HRF, Kodak, low end, etc)

• Nov 1999 - Initial draft ready for WG ballot. New PAR(s) reviewed by Excom• Jan 2000 - First Ballot complete, second ballot kicked off. Parallel TG(s) formed• Mar 2000 - Second Letter Ballot complete• Jul 2000 - Third Letter Ballot complete• Sep 2000 - Draft ready for IEEE sponsor ballot• Dec 2000 - Approval by IEEE Standards Board

802.15.1-Bluetooth



Coexistence of Wireless Applications in the Unlicensed Bands

802.15.2-Coexistence


Need for a Coexistence Recommended Practice

• It is important that IEEE 802.15 WPAN devices coexist with other wireless devices in the unlicensed frequency bands.

• In particular it is very important that 802.15 WPAN devices coexist with IEEE 802.11 WLAN devices.



Definition of Coexistence

• Multiple wireless devices are said to “coexist” if they can be collocated without significantly impacting the performance of any of these devices.



Interoperability• The IEEE currently defines three levels of

interoperability– Physically exchanging two interoperable devices

causes no damage to the devices– Similar to our definition of coexistence– Interoperable devices can exchange data

• We will allow but not require interoperability as a coexistence mechanism.



WPAN Interoperability Classes• Class 4 - Fully Interoperable

• Class 3 - Partial Interoperability: there is a way on the medium to exchange data without an intermediate device

– Class 3a Transmit and Receive

– Class 3b Receive Only

– Class 3c Detect Energy

• Class 2 - Bridge-like (1 MAC/2 PHYs)

• Class 1 - Gateway-like (> 1 MAC)

• Class 0 - Non Interoperable



Scope of Coexistence Task Group

• The goal will be to address coexistence of:– Any 802.15 WPAN with any 802.11 WLAN– Any 802.15 WPAN with any other 802.15

WPAN (assuming there will be more than one)– Any 802.15 WPAN with selected other devices

in the same band (e.g. HomeRF).



Coexistence Task Group Charter

Three Phases

1. Develop a Coexistence Model

2. Suggest Recommended Practices for 802.15, 802.11 and other band users to facilitate coexistence.

3. Possibly suggest option choices or modifications to the 802.15 and 802.11 standards to enhance coexistence.



Coexistence Model

• The purpose of this model is:– To understand under what circumstance there is

a coexistence problem and under what circumstances there is not a problem.

– To develop supporting evidence to justify the recommended suggested practices and possible standards modifications.



Coexistence Model

PHY Layer Models

MAC Layer Models Data Traffic Models

RF Propagation Models

Coexistence Model



Coexistence Model

• PHY Models– Models of the 802.11 and 802.15 PHY layers

which will predict the impact of mutual interference when multiple devices are operating simultaneously, based upon given signal power levels.



Coexistence Model

• Data Traffic Model– Model the data traffic flow based upon different

application scenarios for both the WLAN and WPAN networks

• Voice traffic

• File transfer

• Warehouse data collection

• Video & Others

802.15.2802.15.2-Coexistence


Coexistence Model

• MAC Layer Models– Model the WLAN and WPAN MAC layers.– Combine that with the Data Traffic models to

determine when each of the networks are transmitting data



Coexistence Model

• RF Propagation Model– Model RF signal power levels at the different

WPAN and WLAN nodes based on an RF propagation model.

– Consider different application scenarios and physical distribution of devices.



Coexistence Model

• Bring together the four parts of the model to predict the impact on the WPAN and WLAN networks.– Data throughput– Data latency



Coexistence Task Group Plan• Review previously performed research.• Form Teams to work the different areas of

the Coexistence Models.• Plan out what is the best approach to model

the four areas of the model.• Plan out what is the best method to

synthesize the four areas of the model.• Select the network performance metrics we

plan to use.




High Rate - WPAN

Jim [email protected]

Walt [email protected]

William [email protected]

802.15.3-High Rate WPAN


Purpose• Provide a high speed PHY and MAC enhancement to

802.15.1 for applications which involve Imaging, Multimedia, and networks with more than 8 users.

• Bi - Modal PHY– Compatible with 802.15.1– 20+ Mbps Multimedia Capable

• MAC– Isochronous– Enhancements to 802.15.1– Not to impede Task Group 1 progress or direction



WirelessWireless Transfer RatesTransfer Rates

Bluetooth

5 Pictures1 Mbs

High-Rate

5 Pictures20 Mbs

StartStart


Source: Rick Alfvin, Eastman Kodak


Broad Market Potential• Today’s, low bandwidth wireless systems do not

satisfy the needs for consumer priced, embedded, high data rate systems.

• Applications include: – Digital (Still) Imaging

– Multimedia (Video, Voice over IP)

– Many-user systems

• Activity initiated by Eastman Kodak, Motorola, Cisco Systems.



Compatibility

• Bi-Modal– The proposal will be backward compatible with 802.15.1 1Mbps

mode using the dual mode PHY layer and MAC.

• Is intended to conform to the 802 standards guidelines imposed on 802.15.

• Task Group will work with Coexistence Task Group.



Distinct Identity• 20+ Mbps High Speed Personal Area Network is

not currently being addressed by other Standards bodies or Industry Groups

• 802.11a & b addresses the speed, but not the requirements of an embeddable consumer oriented WPAN.

• 802.15.1 addresses the requirements of an embeddable consumer oriented WPAN, but not the speed.



Technical Feasibility• PHY - A 20 Mbps prototype is operational.

– ASIC architecture has passed internal feasibility review

– Prototype performance testing has started

• MAC - Several enhancements to 802.15 TG1 are being modeled and simulated at the Protocol and Network levels.

• Technology is scaleable to higher data rates and 5.8 GHz.



Economical Feasibility

• Bill of Materials expected to be consistent with current Task Group 1 estimates.

• Current ASIC estimates and discrete bill of materials provide validation.



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SSeett--TTooppBBooxx KKiioosskk BBeeaaccoonn PPrroojjeeccttoorr

CCFF CCaarrdd PPCCMMCCIIAACCaarrdd

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Devices & AccessoriesDevices & Accessories


Source: Rick Alfvin, Eastman Kodak


Basic Requirement: Enable the high-speed, wireless interconnection of consumer devices to support the transfer of large multi-media data files and high speed, real-time data streams


ApplicationsApplications

Source: Walt Davis, Motorola


– Video distribution from set-top boxes to remote TV sets

– In-home Internet connectivity from set-top boxes to personal devices and computers

– Wireless video camera linkages

– Wireless Audio and Video distribution for Home Theater Systems

DCT-2000


ApplicationsApplications



ApplicationsApplications– Low cost, high speed In-Home networking

• Computer to computer• Computer to printer• Digital camera to printer• Appliance to appliance• Communications devices to peripherals




Application RequirementsApplication Requirements

• Ease of use – Digital Image data transfers need to be easy to

initiate and take less than 15 seconds.

• Ad-hoc network capability– Easily enter, join or leave a network – User doesn’t need to know IP addresses– It just happens!




• Range – 10 meters

• Multiple transmit power levels – Low (1m to kiosk) – High (10m in home)

• Low power consumption– compatible with CF card specifications




• High Bandwidth– Data Rate

• at least 20 Mbps

– Data Types• Bulk transfers (multi-Megabyte sized image files)

• Isochronous data (packetized video streams)

• Asynchronous data (e.g. interactive sessions)

March 2000

Rick Alfvin, Eastman Kodak CompanySlide 12

doc.: IEEE 802.15-00075r0

Submission

WirelessWireless Transfer RatesTransfer Rates

Bluetooth

5 Pictures1 Mbs

High-Rate

5 Pictures20 Mbs

StartStart




• Very Cost Sensitive– Consumer RF systems for consumer products

such as digital cameras must be cost competitive with IR and Bluetooth class solutions




• Stringent Power Requirements – Suitable for use in portable, battery operated

equipment – Multiple power management modes

• awake

• sleep

• suspend



Technical RequirementsTechnical Requirements

• RF PHY– Internationally recognized license free band– Multiple channels– Bi-directional, half duplex– Inexpensive– Low risk technical feasibility– Short time to market




• RF PHY– Security --Assurance of privacy and prevention

of theft-of-service– Co-existence / compatibility with other protocols

operating in the same band– Channel Noise Immunity

• Error Tolerance: FEC capable of correcting a 0.1% BER• Delay Spread Tolerance: 100 Nanoseconds




• MAC Protocol Layer– Ability to select & negotiate the use of one of

several available RF channels.– Support the creation of an ad hoc network– Support high effective data rates– Support isochronous data, asynchronous data,

and bulk transfers.




• MAC Protocol Layer– QOS --Support for multiple ( 3 or more) streams

of real-time video plus three voice channels and an internet traffic channel or support for up six high fidelity audio channels plus one real-time video channel

– Security --Upper level support for implementation of WAP cellular protocols, internet E-Commerce protocols, etc




• MAC Protocol Layer– Inexpensive – Transparent to upper layer protocols

• e.g. TCP/IP

– Low complexity– Low risk to implement– Short time to market



• May 2000– Complete work on Criteria Document– Issue Final Call for Applications and Proposals

• September 2000– Update Criteria Document based on CFPs– Select Candidate Proposal

• November 2000– Begin Writing Draft Standard – Resolve Conflicts– Review interfaces between MAC/PHY etc.

• July 2001 – Draft Standard Complete– Solicit Sponsor Balloters

• November 2001– Submit to Sponsor Ballot

Project TimelineProject Timeline



ConclusionConclusion

802.15-Summary


Success means:

•To be recognized by companies as the place to go for WPAN functionality in their products

•To have users demand P802.15 compliance as a minimum requirement of product functionality

802.15-Summary

Thoughts on Objectives/Missions/Timelines


Thoughts on Objectives/Missions/Timelines

• Need Wireless PAN standards sooner rather than later

• Needs to be recognized by Bluetooth, HomeRF and 802.11

• Good enough(meets market need for functionality) vs perfect is an acceptable trade-off for speed in delivery of a standard.

• Absolutely need coexistence

• Have more flexibility on interoperability solutions

• Additional PARs are likely for – Ultra low power/low cost/low data rate requirements

– Bridging

802.15-Summary


802.15 Working Group for WPANsSummary

• Chartered to develop PAN standards for short distance wireless networks.

• Cognizant of emerging industry specifications and the importance of building on the work of these groups.

• Key role in providing an open forum to debate these proposals, identify issues, and build consensus.

• Goal is to create standards having broad market appeal and deal effectively with coexistence and interoperability.

• Timeframe for first standard is November, 2000.

802.15-Summary


802.15 Plenary & Interim Meetings

• 1999– July 5-9, 1999 - Queen Elizabeth Hotel, Montreal, PQ, Plenary– September 13-17, 1999 - Hilton, Santa Rosa, CA, Interim (Alantro)– November 8-12, 1999 - Hyatt Regency, Kauai, Koloa, HI, Plenary

• 2000– January 10-14, 2000 - Israel, Interim (Breezecom)– March 6-10, 2000 - Hyatt Regency, Albuquerque, NM, Plenary– May 8-12, 2000 - Madison Renaissance, Seattle, Interim (Boeing)– July 10-14, 2000 - Hyatt Regency La Jolla, San Diego, CA, Plenary– September 18-22, 2000 - Radisson, Phoenix, Interim (Motorola)– November 6-10, 2000 - Hyatt Regency, Tampa, FL, Plenary

Plenary and Interim Meetings are official meetings whereas Ad Hoc and Liaison Meetings are unofficial Meetings and as such do not accrue voting rights and no official actions can be taken by the participants.

Source: http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/Meeting_Plan.html

802.15-Summary


Archive, Mailing List, URLs

• IEEE 802.15 Web Site– http://www.ieee802.org/15/

• WPAN Mailing List– stds-802-

[email protected]

• IEEE 802.11 Web Site– http://www.ieee802.org/11/

• Bluetooth Special Interest Group– http://www.bluetooth.com/

• Home RF Working Group– http://www.homerf.org/

To add your name to IEEE mailing list please send an e-mailto [email protected] or [email protected]

802.15-Summary


Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers

802.15-Summary


Back-up Slides


802.15 WPAN - Liaisons• Bluetooth Special Interest Group• Home Radio Frequency Working Group (HRFWG) • Infrared Data Association (IrDA)• IEEE P802.11• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), MobileIP• MMAC/PC• ETSI Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN)

Project• Wireless LAN Alliance (WLANA)• DoT FHWA ITS DSRC

802.15-Summary


Liaison Objectives

• Promote the IEEE as a Value Add

• Promote the IEEE 802 as a leader in Wireless Standards-Making

• Promote P802.15 as an expert in WPANs

• Request/Receive Draft Standard Submissions Through our Liaison Activities from External and Internal (IEEE) Sources

802.15-Summary

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Slide 1 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Bob Heile, Chair 802.15 802.15 Solutions for the Last 10 Meters: An...

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