Slide Set 3 - Role of Lng, Gtl, Cng

8/19/2019 Slide Set 3 - Role of Lng, Gtl, Cng

1/71

© 2005 by Institute for Energy, Law & Enterprise, University of Houston Law Center. A rig!ts reserve".

PMRE/BUET & UH IELE WORKSHOP

The Role of LNG, GTL, CNG

Dhaka, Banglae!h" #an$a% '()*, *++


2/71

Ho- M$.h Na$%al Ga! I! O$ The%e0 P%o1e na$%al ga! %e!e%1e! a en *++2, 34+++ .f"

$% tatisti'a (eview of )or" Energy 200*


3/71

Mone565ng Glo7al Na$%alGa! Re!o$%.e!

14% ~ 15 tcf, doesnot get to market

WORLD PRO8EDRESER8ES *++*9

4,+++ TC:

NORTH ;MERIC;RESER8ES


4/71

Mone565ng Glo7al Na$%al Ga!Re!o$%.e! Ke D%51e%!

• Abundance of proved Natural Gas

• Huge stranded reserves exist –countries and companies want to

monetize these reserves

• North America and Europe – at ordeclining production

• NG is becoming a cost e!ectivesolution

5 5 Gl 7 l l G


5/71

Mone565ng Glo7al Na$%al Ga!Re!o$%.e!

Wha 5! CNG, LNG, NGL!, LPG, and GTL?


6/71

Mone565ng Glo7al Na$%al Ga!Re!o$%.e!

Ga!(o(L5>$5! ?GTL@

Source: Deshpande, A & Economides, M.J. – University of Houston


7/71

CoA%e!!e Na$%al Ga! ?CNG@


8/71

Na$%al Ga! CoAo!55on

CoAonen

T5.al

?Mole

Pe%.en@

Range

?Mole

Pe%.en@H%o.a%7on

!"ethane #$%& '()** +,)*- – '+)((

Ethane #$(& ,),. /)0( – *).-

1ropane #$,& %)0% /)%+ – -)*-

2so34utane #i3$-& /)-% /)/0 – %)%/

Normal 4utane #n3$-& /)-* /)/. – %).,2so31entane #i3$0& /)%' /)/, – /)0/

Normal 1entane #n3$0& /)%, /)// – /)-(

Hexane #$.& /)(* /)/' – /)*+

Ine%! Nitrogen #N(& /),/ /)%( – /)'%

Helium #He& 5race /)// 3 /)/(

IA$%55e! $arbon 6ioxide #$7(& /)0' /)%, 3 %)+.

H8drogen 9ul:de #H(9& 5race /)// 3 /)%/

7x8gen #7(& 5race /)//– ,)//

;ater #H(7& 5race /)// 3 /)/%

Source: Cheniere


9/71

Advantages

• 9implicit8

• 2nexpensive onshore facilities

• $an start with ver8 modest transportingneeds

• Energ8 e


10/71

S.oe of he CNGTe.hnolog

• 1ro>ects using the $NG technolog8 can besuccessful technicall8 and commerciall8

• $NG is capable of meeting small mar=et

demands and monetizing small suppl8 areas• "a>orit8 of the investment involved with

shipping needs? thus? ma=ing the assetsmovable and used in other areas of interests

• $NG can suppl8 gas for distances of (0//miles cheaper than NG



11/71

7pportunities for $NG "arine 5ransport

@ A 5 E ? m m s c f d

%?///

0//

%?0//

@ A 5 E ? m m s c f d

%?///

0//

%?0//

P5Bel5ne! LNG

H&%a/e!

,?///(?///%?////

5ransport 6istance? nm

,?///(?///%?////


CNG

,?///(?///%?////


-?///,?///(?///%?////


-?///,?///(?///%?////


-?///

8OTR;NSTM


12/71

5ransport $osts

•9uppl8 "atched with6emand $enters

•9maller 6emand$enters can beconverted to gas

5ransport costs range from

%)(03%)*0B""45C #%//3,// ""9$D&


13/71

CoA%e!!e Na$%al Ga!?CNG@

5wo technologies for $NG transport a) 5he $ran 9tennings approach

b) 5he Enersea approach

ExampleF $onsider the transportation of ,// ""scf ofgas as $NG– Csing the $ran 9tennings approach

• Actual volume of $NGF %)*.x%/. ft,

– Csing the Enersea approach

• Actual olume of $NGF %)(x%/. ft,



14/71

T%an!o%a5on of he ga!

'/ of the investment involved is in shipping ofthe gas)

oading and unloading is possible and eas8 withsmall facilities)



15/71

$NG $argo $ontainment 98stem


16/71

CNG ;l5.a5on

• Dor distances up to (0// miles? $NGappears more attractive than NG

• "a>or advantage in terms of mar=etentr8

• "uch less capital deplo8ed in countr8

• Cp to ( 4cf on a ship

• 2deal for limited suppl8? limited

consuming mar=ets


17/71

Wha I! LNG0

LNG is natural gas that has beencooled that it condenses to aliIuid

• 5emperature 3(0.oD #3%.%o$&

• Atmospheric pressure)

• olume is reduced .// times

• 5hus economical to transportlocall8 and between continents

in speciall8 designed oceanvessels

• iIuefaction technolog8 ma=esnatural gas available throughoutthe world

Natural Gas

LNG


18/71

Wha I! LNG0

• NG is liIuid form of the naturalgas used for coo=ing? heatingand power generation)

• 5he liIuefaction process removesalmost all JcontaminantsK

• NG must meet higher and lowerlimits on energ8 content

• NG composition has traditionall8been set b8 mar=ets in Lapan?9outh Morea? and 5aiwan

• NG also is used in the C)9) as an

alternative fuel for publictransportation s8stems)

Tyical LNG !omosition

"thers

5%Methane

95%

#ource Methane $thane roane &utane Nitrogen

'laska 99.72 0.06 0.0005 0.0005 0.20

'lgeria 86.98 9.35 2.33 0.63 0.71

&altimore Gas ( $lectric 93.32 4.65 0.84 0.18 1.01

New )ork !ity 98.00 1.40 0.40 0.10 0.10

#an *iego Gas ( $lectric 92.00 6.00 1.00 - 1.00

Source: i!uid Methane "ue# $haracteri%ation and Safety Assessment eport . Cryogenic Fuels. Inc. Reor!

"o. CFI-1600# $ec. 1991

LNG !"M%"#+T+"N Mole ercent-


19/71

5%

15%

1..%

"/er0ichWill not burn

2lamma3le

Too Lean 0 Will not burnLower 2lamma3ility Limit L2L-

er 2lamma3ility Limit 2L-

5%

15%

1..%

"/er0ichWill not burn

2lamma3le

Too Lean 0 Will not burnLower 2lamma3ility Limit L2L-

er 2lamma3ility Limit 2L-

2lamma3le ange for LNG Methane-

LNG P%oe%5e!

*ensity

3.9g &'!er 8.3g()"* +lo'!s on ,'!er.

2lamma3ility range5 15%.


20/71

CoAa%5!on ofP%oe%5e! of L5>$5:$el!

LNG L5>$eePe%ole$AGa! ?LPG@

Ga!ol5ne :$el O5l

5oxic No No es es

$arcinogenic No No es es

Dlammable apor es es es esDorm apor $louds es es es No

Asph8xiant es? but in a vapor cloud es? same As NG No No

Extreme $old 5emperature es es? if refrigerated No No

7ther health hazards None None E8e irritant?narcosis? nausea?others)

9ame asgasoline

Dlash point oD 3,/. 3%0. 30/ %-/

4oiling point oD 3(0. 3-- '/ -//

Dlammabilit8 @ange in air

03%0 ()%3')0 %),3. NBA

9tored 1ressure Atmospheric 1ressurized#atmospheric ifrefrigerated&

Atmospheric Atmospheric

4ehavior if spilled Evaporates? formingvisible JcloudsK)1ortions of cloud couldbe ammable orexplosive under certainconditions)

Evaporates?forming vaporclouds which couldbe ammable orexplosive undercertain conditions)

Evaporates?forms ammablepoolOenvironmentalclean upreIuired)

9ame asgasoline

9ourceF ewis? ;illiam ;)? ewis? Lames 1? 7uttrim? 1atricia A)? 15F L+ -a'iities /!e (ea (is ? Ai$hE "eeting? New 7rleans? April (//, as modi:ed b8 industr8sources)


21/71

Fuel Autoignition

Temperature, oF

LNG (primarily methane) 1004

LPG 850-50!thanol "#

$ethanol 8%"

Ga&oline 45

'ie&el Fuel Appro %00

Source: New York Energy Planning Board, Report on issues regarding the existing New

York Liqueied Natural !as "oratoriu#, No$e#%er &''(

;$o Ign55on TeAe%a$%e ofL5>$5 :$el!


22/71

Gene%al LNG P%o$.5on P%o.e!!

HeaE.hange%!

Ga!T%eaAenRef%5ge%anCoA%e!!5on

LNGSh5!

P5el5ne:ee Ga!

(*' :

LNG So%age

F Penane! an hea15e%F Conen!ae!F IA$%55e!

3Ca%7on D5o5e3Me%.$%3H%ogen S$le3Wae%3N5%ogen

Heaeelle o-ae% o% a5%

Source: Cheniere

LNG Pl S5


23/71

4


24/71

B%5ef H5!o% of LNG

EMERGENCE• )'


25/71

LNG 8S PIPELINE

• 5he distance over whichnatural gas must betransported increases?usage of NG haseconomic advantages overusage of pipelines)

• iIuef8ing natural gas andshipping it becomescheaper than transportingnatural gas in o!shorepipelines for distances ofmore than *// miles or in

onshore pipelines fordistances greater than(?(// miles)


26/71

Wh LNG No-0G%o-5ng Glo7al LNG DeAan

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2003

Natural Gas Trade Mo/ement7..7

A% er year growth 1


27/71

Glo7al LNG IAo%! 7 Ba!5n

• 2n (//( there are -, terminalswith a capacit8 of over (+/

million tonnes? (- of the terminals

are in Lapan)

• 2nter3regional NG trade is

expected to increase six fold overthe next ,/ 8ears)

• "ost of the increase in NG trade

would be in the Atlantic basin?

which will overta=e the paci:c

basin in volume)• 2mporting countries will need to

add almost ../ million tonnes of

new regasi:cation capacit8)

*lo'l )"* IR;RS


28/71

Glo7al LNG IAo%!

Caan 7=

+morting !ountry$;istinglanned

Caan 7=Caan 74

+morting !ountry$;istinglanned


29/71

Glo7al LNG Eo%!

Source: () Statistics, ,+or#d Ener'y /nvestment 0ut#oo1, /EA, 2ov. --.

There are currently 1B liDuefaction lants with A. trains in oeration worldwide

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

& i l l i o n c u 8 m

In=onesi' lgeri' 'l'ysi' >'!'r

us!r'li' runei :'n "igeri'

; rini='= ? o'go S )iy'

Glo3al LNG $;orters

2002

+ndonesia

7=%

Malaysia

14%

Eatar

17%

'ustralia

A%

&runei

B%

'$

5%

"ther 7A%

'lgeria

16%

"man

5%#'

1%

Nigeria

5%Trinidad (

To3ago

4%Li3ya

.%

acific &asin 'tlantic &asin


30/71

LNG L5>$efa.5on :a.5l55e!The LNG 5n$!% .o$l 7e o5!e fo% %aAa5. g%o-h

,/

• NG suppl8 growing

• "ultiple NG suppl8proposals announced

• ong term NG suppl8outloo= robust

Glo3al LNG #uly

our'e1 Ce"iga, +%C

E5!5ng

Une%Con!%$.5on

P%oo!e


31/71

LNG L5>$efa.5on :a.5l55e!

ore !/'n 60% o+ !/ee@ui!y is o,ne= ys!'!e co'niesA insoe c'ses in Boin!en!ures ,i!/ 'Bor

oil 'n= g's ro=ucers

1.4

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.6

3.0

3.0

3.4

3.4

3.8

4.4

4.6

4.74.7

8.9

9.1

10.0

17.0

23.3

. 5 1. 15 7. 75

&F

nocal

Mitsui

ico

Nion "il !ororation N"!-

&

Nigeria National etroleum !omany

"mani #tate

&runei Go/ernment

'3u *ha3i National "il !omany '*N"!-

Total

Caan +ndonesia LNG !omany C+L!"-

$;;onmo3ilMitsi3ushi

Eatar etroleum

#hell

etronas

ertamina

#onatract

mta

#tate"wned

B1%

"il

!omanies7=%

"thers

1B%

LiDuefaction !aacity

Source EIA


32/71

• Almost all existing liIuefaction pro>ects haveannounced expansionsF 5rinidad? Nigeria? Patar?7man? "ala8sia? 4runei? 2ndonesia? Australia)

Expect most of these to be built) ;ould raiseworldwide total capacit8 b8 over -/ toapproximatel8 %+- million tons per annum)

• Additional countries have announced planned and

prospective green:eld liIuefaction plants #as ofApril (//%&F Angola? Australia? Eg8pt? 2ndonesia?2ran? Nigeria? Norwa8? 1apua New Guinea? @ussia?C)9) #North 9lope&? enezuela? emen)

NG 9uppl8F 9ummar8

Wo%l LNG IAo%! an


33/71

Wo%l LNG IAo%! anEo%

*++2 ?B5ll5on C$75. :ee@

Source: BP Statistical Review World Energy !!"


34/71

'tlantic &asin LNG #uly and *emand

0

1#000

2#000

3#000

4#000

5#000

6#000

7#000

8#000

Suly 2001( $e'n= 2001( Suly 2010( $e'n= 2010(

& c f 9 y r

Middle $ast

eneHuela

'ngola

$gyt

Trinidad

Nigeria

'lgeria

New Markets

$uroe

nited #tates

Source: Pace #lobal Energy Services


35/71

LNG costs aredeclining.Natural gas can be

economicall8produced anddelivered to the C)9)as NG in a pricerange of about *"+

( 2"+/""4tudepending largel8 onshipping cost)

LNG !"#T# '$ *$!L+N+NG *oes not include feedstock rices

2.5

1.8

0.5

0.1 0.1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1


36/71

LNG P%oe. Co!! W5ll Con5n$eD%o5ng


37/71

T5.al LNG 8al$e Cha5n

EPLOR;TION&

PRODUCTION

LIJUE:;CTION

SHIPPINGREG;SI:IC;TIO

N& STOR;GE

)"+ ( *"75ll5on

)" *"+75ll5on

+" ( *"275ll5on

+" ( )"+ 75ll5on

+"()"+/MMB$+"(

)"*+/MMB$

+"


38/71

C$%%en LNG Co! CoAe551ene!!

Source: 'rcy $'rsey e! 'l# i!uefied 2atura# 3as, E4p#orin' Ener'y,/nc.5s "uture *ith a Deve#opin' "ie#d # D )', Cen!er# 2004


39/71

L5>$efa.5on Co!! T%an!fo%Ae e% onne of .aa.5

Source: BP


40/71

LNG G%eenel L5>$efa.5on Co!!

W l LNG O l k


41/71

Wo%l LNG O$lookiIuefaction Dacilities

Source: IE(

LiDuefaction !ost is *roing

Technology imro/ement,higher caacity lants,

imro/ed economies ofscale

Source: )"*Source: )"*


42/71

LNG Sh55ng

166 eEis!ing )"* s/is# 's o+"o 2004 ,i!/ 105 on or=er. /e+lee! sie nee=s !o incre'se y 3-4 !ies !o ee! !/e roBec!e=gro,!/ in !r'=e y 2030.

Source: E) P(S* +

),# *neWorld- .www'lngoneworld'co$.

Source: 223


43/71

Mao% Na$%al Ga! T%ae Mo1eAen!

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 200


44/71

Ne- T%ae Ro$e! ;%e EAe%g5ng

$;isting Trade rosecti/e Trade

$;isting Trade rosecti/e Trade

#ource: +wata, Makoto, Mitsui "8#8@8 Lines, Ltd8, ),#/ransportation- LNG Ministerial #ummit, ashington *8!8, 7..=


45/71

LNG Sh55ng Co!!

Source: ),# *neWorld- .www'lngoneworld'co$.

W l LNG O l k


46/71

Wo%l LNG O$look 9hipping

Source: IE(

#hiing !ost is *roing

!ometition 3etweenshiyards, technology

imro/ement, higher caacityshis, imro/ed economies of

scale

Co! of T%an!o% o he Ea!e%n


47/71

Co! of T%an!o% o he Ea!e%nU"S"G'se= on Coe oin!# $ )"* Ior! erin'l.

H-

H0.20

H0.40

H0.60

H0.80

H1.00

H1.20

H1.40

H1.60

J 9 M M & t u

Mid $ast 8 ( N8 'frica

Source: Pace #lobal Energy Services


48/71


49/71

LNG So Ca%go ( 8ol$Ae

fol 5n.%ea!e f%oA )''

our'es 1 Carson (esear'! tu"ies, L+ /ra"e & /ransport, 2003,$%

8ol$Ae of LNG So Ca%go

MTP;

So T%a5ng 5!5n.%ea!5ng %a5l

#ource: +wata, Makoto, Mitsui "8#8@8 Lines, Ltd8, ),#/ransportation- LNG Ministerial #ummit, ashington *8!8, 7..=

Wo%l LNG O$look


50/71

Wo%l LNG O$look 9torage and @egasi:cation Dacilities

Source: IE(

#torage and egasification !ost is *roing

Larger caacity lants,imro/ed economies of

scale


51/71


52/71

Ene%g B%5ge #9huttle and NG@egasi:cation 98stem&? Excelerate? 7!shore A)

The $nergy &ridge is a regasification /essel and a 3uoy system thatdeli/ers natural gas into offshore ielines8

=5>Meters

=5>=5>MetersMeters

#u3sea#u3seaManifoldManifold

*ocking &uoy*ocking &uoyand iser and iser

#u3sea#u3seaielineieline

1. to 17 Miles *eendent on ater *eth-1. to 17 Miles *eendent on ater *eth-1. to 17 Miles *eendent on ater *eth-

LNG egas8LNG egas8esselessel

Source: El Paso

Ma5n Pa!! Ene%g H$7


53/71

Ma5n Pa!! Ene%g H$7Ca1e%n(7a!e LNG Re.e515ng :a.5l5

M.Mo%an, L;"

T!e Bis!o" Process •

re'eive L+ "ire'ty fro4 an os!ore taner,• pressurie an" war4 it to *0o-,• In6e't t!e resuting natura gas into un"ergroun" sat 'averns for storage.• ee'tivey ei4inate t!e nee" to bui" e7pensive abovegroun" 'ryogeni'

storage tans

Source: Conversion #as I$port http:88***.conversion'as.com8htm#89ishopprocesstm.htm#

LNG S$l I!!$e!

http://www.conversiongas.com/html/bishop_processtm.htmlhttp://www.conversiongas.com/html/bishop_processtm.html


54/71

LNG S$l I!!$e!LNG Ine%.hangea75l5

LNG HH8 Rela51e o T5.al P5el5ne Ta%5 Range

#cheduling coordination, 3lending, and inert gas inection could result inconsistency of gas roduct and easily o/ercome interchangea3ility concerns8


55/71

Ga!(o(L5>$5! ?GTL@

• ;hat are the8Q• G5 technolog8 converts natural gas into

h8drocarbon liIuids and promises tocomplement NG in transporting remotenatural gas to distant mar=ets in theabsence of existing pipelines)

• 2mpetus for the G5 technolog8F $lean fuel

obtained as product and eas8 transportation



56/71

• G5 processes convert the gas intoh8drocarbon liIuids)

• 5he main products are "iddle

distillates li=e gasoline? =erosene? >etfuel? naphtha and diesel

Source: Economides, M.J. – University of Houston

Ga!(o(L5>$5! ?GTL@


57/71

Rea!on! fo% GTL a%a.5on

• "onetizing stranded natural gas• 9alvaging associated gas

• "eeting environmental speci:cations

• "aintaining pipeline productivit8 #e)g)?Alas=a pipeline&



58/71

• 5he Discher35ropsch s8nthesis #D35 s8nthesis& is onethe important technologies in G5)

• 5he main advantage of the D35 products is theabsence of sulphur? nitrogen and complex c8clich8drocarbons resulting in almost no emissions ofsulfur dioxide? nitrous oxides and unburnedh8drocarbons)

• Dor %// barrels of liIuids there is a need for %""scf of gas

Ga! o L5>$5!


O1e%15e- of a 5.al


59/71

O1e%15e- of a 5.al%o.e!!

:5!.he%(T%o!.h Meho



60/71

1rocesses for converting methane


61/71

E5!5ng an EAe%g5ngTe.hnolog5e!

Company Syngas Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst Plant Size, bpd

*aso +*- A/+12 *urry p!ase e, Co 50,000

)'03250 oC, )03$5 at4

*!e +*-* 16+12 i7e" be" Co 50,000

+8on39atayti9

)'03250 oC, )03$5 at4

E77onobi A/+12 *urry p!ase Co :50,000

A;C32) +ui"i


62/71


63/71

G5 5echnolog8 Assessment

• All propose mild h8dro3isomerizationBh8drocrac=ing forproduct upgrading

• Exxon and 9asol are considering separate upgrading forlight fraction #naphtha& and heav8 fraction #distillate&

• 9hell proposes single stage h8drocrac=ingBisomerization

• ExxonRs patented ox8genate preservation #for enhancedlubricit8& and fuel formulation technolog8 could wellprove valuable in non3blending fuel mar=ets– 7x8genates improve lubricit8 of G5 diesel– 4ene:ts in blending mar=ets are doubtful

• Cpgrading technolog8 is li=el8 to be modi:ed on a site3

b83site basis to extract premium products #waxes? a3ole:ns? alcohols? lube feedstoc=&

Source: 37 Study


64/71

• $ost of G5 productsF (/S per bbl of oilreIuired for economic returns on G5pro>ect)

• G5 can satisf8 di!erent mar=et needs)

GTL Co!


CoAa%5!on of CNG an


65/71

G5 production costsF (/?///3,0///Bbarrel of liIuid produced

Dor 0//""scfBd plant %)0 billion

$NGF ,/3-/ million for 0//""scfBd unit)

9hips used for transporting petroleum products can be leased for

transporting the G5 products)

9hipping is a ma>or part of a $NG pro>ect

GTL


CoAa%5!on of CNG an


66/71

CoAa%5!on of CNG anLNG

9ize of investment for a 0//""scfBd plant $NG NG

@eservesF "odest arge

1roduction costF "",/3-/ ""*0/3(///T

5ransportation costsF ""(,/Bship ""%./BshipCnloading costsF ""%.3(/ ""0//300/

5otal investmentF %3( billionTT (3, billionTT

T 6epending upon the location of the production site

TT 6epending upon the number of ships used for the transport of the gas)


CoAa%5!on of CNG an


67/71

1rice of the gas deliveredNG value chain per ""45C

Exploration and 1roductionF /)03%)/B""45C

iIuefactionF /)+3%)(B ""45C)

9hippingF /)-3%)0B ""45CT)

@egasi:cation and 9torageF /),3/)0B ""45C)

%)// as netbac= for the investors

Dinal price of NGF ,)//30)(/B""45C)

T Dor transport distances from %/// miles to 0/// miles

LNG


CoAa%5!on of CNG an


68/71

$NG value chain per ""45CExploration and 1roductionF /)03%)/B""45C

1rocessing and transportationF %)/+3,)+(B""45CT

%)// as netbac= to the investor

:5nal $n5 %5.e of CNG9 *"("*/MMBTU

T Dor transport distances from %/// miles to 0/// miles

LNG


CoAa%5!on of CNG an


69/71

Advantages of $NG over NG

• @eIuirement of lower throughput of gas for a pro>ect• 2nvolvement of lower capital• Ease of deplo8ment U faster implementation of a

pro>ect• Abilit8 to access stranded reserves and monetize

them• "a>orit8 of the investment is in the shipping? ma=ing

the assets movable and reducing the ris= involved

6isadvantages

2nabilit8 to transport large volumes of gas such NG6isparit8 in the volume transport hinders commercial

possibilit8 of $NG

LNG



70/71

T%5n5ao GOM

;$!%al5a oBaa

8ene6$ela o GOM

:ee!o.k ga! +" +" +"

L5>$e.a5on +"' +"+

)"4T%an!o%a5on +"+ )"*+

Rega!5.a5on +"


71/71

D5alog$e$NG experience in 2ndia

• $NG suppl8 for eet vehicles established in2ndia

Date post:	07-Jul-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	rajib-debnath
View:	222 times
Download:	0 times

Slide Set 3 - Role of Lng, Gtl, Cng

Documents