[Slideshare] fardh'ain-lesson#9-arkaan-ul-iiman-in-qadha' -qadr(16 decemberl2011)

““A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON ISLAM”ISLAM”

Lessons on Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for AdultsFardhu ‘Ain in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

HADITH OF JIBRA-’IL

HADITH OF JIBRA-’IL

LESSON # 9

LESSON # 9

Using textbook & curriculum he has developed especially for Using textbook & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE

FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, PARENTS,

EDUCATORS, IN EDUCATORS, IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY

SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

1UPDATED DECEMBER 2011UPDATED DECEMBER 2011

Every Friday Every Friday night @ 8pm – night @ 8pm – 10pm10pmWisma Indah, Wisma Indah, 450 Changi 450 Changi Road, Road, #02-00 next to #02-00 next to Masjid KassimMasjid Kassim

All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

““ARKAAN AL-IIMAN”ARKAAN AL-IIMAN”Articles of Faith / BeliefArticles of Faith / Belief

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

BELIEVE IN QADHA’ AND BELIEVE IN QADHA’ AND QADR OF ALLAHQADR OF ALLAH

(The basic message of Islam)(The basic message of Islam)

FARDHU’AINFARDHU’AIN: CONDUCTED BY: CONDUCTED BYUSTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAILUSTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAILLESSONS FROM TEXTBOOK LESSONS FROM TEXTBOOK ““Beginners’ Manual on IslamBeginners’ Manual on Islam””

2



FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSFROM PREVIOUS LESSONS

““Allah” Allah” : : Arabic proper noun; name for God, it refers Arabic proper noun; name for God, it refers

to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lord to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lord

Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – there is Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – there is

none besides Allah.none besides Allah.

No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.




““Muhammad s.a.a.w.” Muhammad s.a.a.w.” : : Arabic name meaning “Arabic name meaning “the the

Praised OnePraised One”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered Prophet, ”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered Prophet,

the servant and Messenger of Allah, the Awaited the servant and Messenger of Allah, the Awaited

Seal of Prophethood after whom there will be no Seal of Prophethood after whom there will be no

more prophet sent.more prophet sent.



“Tell me about Islam” Islam is built upon five Islam is built upon five things:things:Bear witness that there Bear witness that there is none deserving of is none deserving of worship except Allah, worship except Allah, and that Muhammad is and that Muhammad is His servant and His servant and Messenger.Messenger.


“Tell me about Islam” Islam is built upon five Islam is built upon five things:things:And to establish And to establish Swolah (the obligatory Swolah (the obligatory five daily worship or five daily worship or specific devotion).specific devotion).


“Tell me about Islam” Islam is built upon five Islam is built upon five things:things:And to pay the Zakah And to pay the Zakah (obligatory tax upon (obligatory tax upon the wealth).the wealth).


“Tell me about Islam” Islam is built upon five Islam is built upon five things:things:And to make And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (Ka’ba in House (Ka’ba in Makkah) if you are Makkah) if you are able.able.


“Tell me about Islam” Islam is built upon five Islam is built upon five things:things:And to observe fasting And to observe fasting daily in the month of daily in the month of Ramadhan.Ramadhan.



.....“Tell me about iiman (Faith/Belief)”

(Belief) iiman is that (Belief) iiman is that you:you:Solemnly believe in Allah;Solemnly believe in Allah;His angels;His angels;His Books,His Books,His Messengers;His Messengers;In the Afterlife;In the Afterlife;In the Decree, the good & In the Decree, the good & bad, all comes from (the bad, all comes from (the eternal knowledge of) eternal knowledge of) Allah;Allah;


““Al-Ihsan” (excellence) Al-Ihsan” (excellence) is:is:... That you serve ... That you serve (worship) Allah as (worship) Allah as though you see Him, though you see Him, but if you do not see but if you do not see Him, He (Allah) sees Him, He (Allah) sees you.”you.”

........ “ Tell me about ........ “ Tell me about ‘Al-Ihsan’- (the Best or ‘Al-Ihsan’- (the Best or Righteous conduct or Righteous conduct or Excellence)”Excellence)”


IIMANIIMAN

BeliefBeliefFaithFaith

ConvictionConviction

IHSANIHSAN

Best or Best or Righteous Righteous ConductConduct

‘‘AMALAMAL [Islam][Islam]

SubmissionSubmissionObedienceObedience

PracticePracticeFaith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith is Faith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith is mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy. mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy.

Together, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSAN Together, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSAN which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t. which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t.

Thus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submission Thus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submission to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).

THE FIRST ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TO THE FIRST ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TO THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTHE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUHHEED)EED)



IIMANIIMAN is “Belief or Faith” to something beyond sense

perception, termed as “ - al-ghayb” meaning “the

unseen”.

It is derived from the root word “ ” which also means

“safety, peace, security, protection”

It denote: “certainty of the ultimate truth”, adherence to it

instils sense of “security in him” from doubts, uncertainty,

restlessness etc.


Yet from Islamic perspective “iiman” cannot be by mere blind

acceptance devoid of proof or substantiation i.e. Believe or

faith must be with knowledge.


"And do not follow (pursue) anything of which thou "And do not follow (pursue) anything of which thou

hast no knowledge: verily (thy) hearing and sight hast no knowledge: verily (thy) hearing and sight

and heart - all of them - will be called to accountand heart - all of them - will be called to account

for it (on Judgement Day).“for it (on Judgement Day).“

((Q: Bani Israil : 17 :36Q: Bani Israil : 17 :36))


Yet from Islamic perspective “iiman” cannot be by mere blind

acceptance devoid of proof or substantiation i.e. Must be with

knowledge.

Yet from Islamic perspective “iiman” cannot be by mere

blind acceptance devoid of proof or substantiation i.e.

Must be with knowledge.

Three sources for knowledge:

[1] Five sensory perceptions - ;

[2] Reasoning - ;

[3] True report - ;


(The Detailed Belief)(The Detailed Belief) “Al-iiman “Al-iiman is that you:is that you:

Solemnly believe in Allah;Solemnly believe in Allah;

His angels;His angels;

His Books,His Books,

His Messengers;His Messengers;

In the Afterlife;In the Afterlife;

In the Decree, the good & bad, all comes In the Decree, the good & bad, all comes

from (the eternal knowledge of) Allah from (the eternal knowledge of) Allah

Most Exalted.”Most Exalted.”


(The Detailed Belief)(The Detailed Belief) “Al-iiman “Al-iiman is that you:is that you:

Solemnly believe in Allah;Solemnly believe in Allah;

His angels;His angels;

His Books,His Books,

His Messengers;His Messengers;

In the Afterlife;In the Afterlife;

In the Decree, the good & bad, all comes In the Decree, the good & bad, all comes

from (the eternal knowledge of) Allah from (the eternal knowledge of) Allah

Most Exalted.”Most Exalted.”


THE SIXTH ARTICLE OF FAITH IN ACKNOWLEDGING THE SIXTH ARTICLE OF FAITH IN ACKNOWLEDGING THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTAUHHEEDEED))


IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL


““No calamity befalls save by Allah's leave (permission). And No calamity befalls save by Allah's leave (permission). And

whosoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart. And Allah is whosoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart. And Allah is

Knower of all things. Knower of all things.

Obey Allah and obey His messenger; but if ye turn away, then the Obey Allah and obey His messenger; but if ye turn away, then the

duty of Our messenger is only to convey (the message) plainly. duty of Our messenger is only to convey (the message) plainly.

Allah! There is no God save Him. In Allah, therefore, let believers Allah! There is no God save Him. In Allah, therefore, let believers

put their trust.” put their trust.”

((Qur’an: Taghabun: 64: 11-13Qur’an: Taghabun: 64: 11-13))

23All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)



“ “ Allah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. Neither Allah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. Neither

slumber nor sleep overtakes Him. Unto Him belongs slumber nor sleep overtakes Him. Unto Him belongs

whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth. whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth.

Who is he that intercedes with Him save by His leave? He Who is he that intercedes with Him save by His leave? He

knows that which is in front of them and that which is behind knows that which is in front of them and that which is behind

them, while they encompass nothing of His knowledge save them, while they encompass nothing of His knowledge save

what He will. His throne includes the heavens and the earth, what He will. His throne includes the heavens and the earth,

and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime, and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime,

the Tremendous.”the Tremendous.”

(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 255)



Man’s knowledge is only regarding what has happened or is Man’s knowledge is only regarding what has happened or is

happening.happening.




He cannot claim (on his own) to know the future – as to what He cannot claim (on his own) to know the future – as to what

will occur, or what his fate will be.will occur, or what his fate will be.






Yet, he knows things do occur according to certain laws of Yet, he knows things do occur according to certain laws of

cause and effect (cause and effect (sunna-tullaahsunna-tullaah). And that Allah has given him ). And that Allah has given him

‘free-will’ to participate in determining his destiny.‘free-will’ to participate in determining his destiny.






Yet, he knows things do occur according to certain laws of Yet, he knows things do occur according to certain laws of

cause and effect (cause and effect (sunna-tullaahsunna-tullaah). And that Allah has given him ). And that Allah has given him

‘free-will’ to participate in determining his destiny.‘free-will’ to participate in determining his destiny.

This ‘free-will’ is termed, “This ‘free-will’ is termed, “ikhtiyarikhtiyar””


What is What is ““ikhtiyarikhtiyar” ? ” ?

It is derived from the root word It is derived from the root word ““khayrkhayr” ” meaning meaning

“ “good” good” andand “ “akhyarakhyar” - meaning “better”” - meaning “better”


Therefore the freedom given to man “Therefore the freedom given to man “to determine for to determine for

themselves their destiny, is only in choosing to do goodthemselves their destiny, is only in choosing to do good.”.”

Although man may abuse this privilege and if he chose Although man may abuse this privilege and if he chose

to do bad, he is said to have committed to do bad, he is said to have committed ““zulmzulm” - ” -

(injustice) (injustice) to himself. to himself.


Therefore the freedom given to man “Therefore the freedom given to man “to determine for to determine for

themselves their destiny, is only in choosing to do goodthemselves their destiny, is only in choosing to do good.”.”

Although man may abuse this privilege and if he chose to Although man may abuse this privilege and if he chose to

do bad, he is said to have committed do bad, he is said to have committed “zulm” - “zulm” - ٌم�� ٌم�ُظ�ْل ُظ�ْل

(injustice) (injustice) to himself. to himself.

Thus, man is to be responsible for his choices in his life as Thus, man is to be responsible for his choices in his life as

well as face consequences for his neglect and abuse.well as face consequences for his neglect and abuse.


35

ALTHOUGH MAN’S CHOICE AND ABILITY TO DO ALTHOUGH MAN’S CHOICE AND ABILITY TO DO

WHATEVER ACTION IS WHATEVER ACTION IS WITH ALLAH’S WILL OR WITH ALLAH’S WILL OR

PERMISSION PERMISSION ((MA-SHI-A MA-SHI-A ), ),

YET MAN’S CHOICE TO ABUSE AND COMMIT WRONG IS YET MAN’S CHOICE TO ABUSE AND COMMIT WRONG IS

NOT WITH ALLAH’S APPROVALNOT WITH ALLAH’S APPROVAL ( (LAM YARDHA LAM YARDHA ))

PERMISSION PERMISSION DOES NOTDOES NOT EQUAL APPROVAL. EQUAL APPROVAL.


In the Name of Allah, Praise be to Allah, Good and evil are by In the Name of Allah, Praise be to Allah, Good and evil are by

the Will (i.e. they can happen only by the permission) of the Will (i.e. they can happen only by the permission) of

Allah.Allah.

36

THUS IN “THUS IN “RATIB AL-HADDADRATIB AL-HADDAD”, WE RECITE THIS WIRD”, WE RECITE THIS WIRD



WHETHER:WHETHER:

““SHUKURSHUKUR ” OR “” OR “KUFURKUFUR ””

GRATEFUL OR UNGRATEFULGRATEFUL OR UNGRATEFUL



“ “ Verily! We create man from a drop of mingled sperm, in Verily! We create man from a drop of mingled sperm, in

order to test him; so We gave him (gifts of) hearing, order to test him; so We gave him (gifts of) hearing,

sight. Verily! We have shown him the Way, whether he be sight. Verily! We have shown him the Way, whether he be

grateful or ungrateful i.e. disbelieving (rests on his will).”grateful or ungrateful i.e. disbelieving (rests on his will).”

((Qur’an: Al-Insan:76: 2-3Qur’an: Al-Insan:76: 2-3))



“ “ Then when (Solomon) saw it (the throne miraculously) Then when (Solomon) saw it (the throne miraculously)

placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the grace of placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the grace of

my Lord!― to test me whether I am grateful, or my Lord!― to test me whether I am grateful, or

ungrateful! And if any is grateful truly his gratitude is (a ungrateful! And if any is grateful truly his gratitude is (a

gain) for his own soul; but if any is ungrateful, truly my gain) for his own soul; but if any is ungrateful, truly my

Lord is Free of All Needs, Supreme in Honour!" Lord is Free of All Needs, Supreme in Honour!"

((Qur’an: Naml: 27: 40Qur’an: Naml: 27: 40))



“ “Verily, Allah does not change men’s condition unless they Verily, Allah does not change men’s condition unless they

change their inner selves;”change their inner selves;”

((Qur’an: Ra’ad : 13:11Qur’an: Ra’ad : 13:11))



““This, because Allah would never change the blessings with This, because Allah would never change the blessings with

which He has graced a people unless they change their inner which He has graced a people unless they change their inner

selves: and [know] that Allah is all-Hearing, all-Seeing.”selves: and [know] that Allah is all-Hearing, all-Seeing.”

((Qur’an: Al- Anfal : 8:53Qur’an: Al- Anfal : 8:53))



Can we change our future?Can we change our future?



Before attempting to answer, note that this is an Before attempting to answer, note that this is an

assumption (guessing) - as though we already know the assumption (guessing) - as though we already know the

outcome of our future.outcome of our future.






Do we, for certain, know our future?Do we, for certain, know our future?






Do we, for certain, know our future?Do we, for certain, know our future?

How can we change something when we do not even How can we change something when we do not even

know with absolute certainty that this thing will occur?know with absolute certainty that this thing will occur?


The correct statement is: The correct statement is: ““Can we change our current Can we change our current

condition, to ensure a better future in our destinycondition, to ensure a better future in our destiny?”?”


The correct statement is: The correct statement is: ““Can we change our current Can we change our current

condition, to ensure a better future in our destinycondition, to ensure a better future in our destiny?”?”

Of course we can, because Allah SWT has allowed us Of course we can, because Allah SWT has allowed us

(nay, expects us) to continue to change for the better, to (nay, expects us) to continue to change for the better, to

improve. improve.


Allah will assist the change, but He will not change Allah will assist the change, but He will not change

your condition unless you begin to change it your condition unless you begin to change it

((ikhtiyarikhtiyar) in yourself.) in yourself.

And much bad outcome , especially when blessings And much bad outcome , especially when blessings

already given are taken away, is also due to man’s already given are taken away, is also due to man’s

choosing to change what Allah has given him – choosing to change what Allah has given him –

outcome of abusing that “free-will” given.outcome of abusing that “free-will” given.




““Do men think that on their [mere] saying, ‘We believe,’ Do men think that on their [mere] saying, ‘We believe,’

they will be left to themselves, and will not be put to a they will be left to themselves, and will not be put to a

test? Yea, indeed, we did test those who lived before test? Yea, indeed, we did test those who lived before

them; and so too, [shall be tested those Muslims who is them; and so too, [shall be tested those Muslims who is

now living and] most certainly will He mark out those now living and] most certainly will He mark out those

who prove themselves true, and most certainly will He who prove themselves true, and most certainly will He

mark out those who are lying.”mark out those who are lying.”

((Qur’an: al- Ankabut: 29: 2-3Qur’an: al- Ankabut: 29: 2-3))


To be a believer in Allah SWT. cannot be by mere claim. It To be a believer in Allah SWT. cannot be by mere claim. It

requires proof through tests, because believers would be requires proof through tests, because believers would be

rewarded with honour and exaltation.rewarded with honour and exaltation.


To be a believer in Allah SWT. cannot be by mere claim. It To be a believer in Allah SWT. cannot be by mere claim. It

requires proof through tests, because believers would be requires proof through tests, because believers would be

rewarded with honour and exaltation.rewarded with honour and exaltation.

To be tested means that man is given the potential to be To be tested means that man is given the potential to be

capable for both success as well as failure. He must not be capable for both success as well as failure. He must not be

compelled but must have the free-will and choice.compelled but must have the free-will and choice.


Justice dictates that with possibility to be rewarded with Justice dictates that with possibility to be rewarded with

honour and exaltation, there is equally the possibility of honour and exaltation, there is equally the possibility of

dishonour and debasement. dishonour and debasement.





Man can either choose to believe or to reject; to submit or Man can either choose to believe or to reject; to submit or

to rebel; to be grateful or be ungrateful. Such is the nature to rebel; to be grateful or be ungrateful. Such is the nature

of test or trial.of test or trial.





Man can either choose to believe or to reject; to submit or Man can either choose to believe or to reject; to submit or

to rebel; to be grateful or be ungrateful. Such is the nature to rebel; to be grateful or be ungrateful. Such is the nature

of test or trial.of test or trial.

Thus there is the promise of Paradise, as there is the Thus there is the promise of Paradise, as there is the

warning of Hell.warning of Hell.




““Has there not been over Man a long period of Time, Has there not been over Man a long period of Time,

when he was nothing--(not even) mentioned?― when he was nothing--(not even) mentioned?―

Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled

sperm, in order to try him: so We gave him (the gifts), sperm, in order to try him: so We gave him (the gifts),

of Hearing and Sight. of Hearing and Sight.

We showed him the Way: whether he be (We showed him the Way: whether he be (SHAKURSHAKUR) )

grateful or (grateful or (KAFURKAFUR) ungrateful (rests on his will).” ) ungrateful (rests on his will).”

((Qur’an: al-Insan (Dahri): 76: 2-3Qur’an: al-Insan (Dahri): 76: 2-3))


WHETHER GRATEFULWHETHER GRATEFUL

‘GOOD’HEALTHWEALTHHAPPINESSSTRENGTHACCEPTANCE

OR UNGRATEFULOR UNGRATEFUL

‘BAD’SICKNESSPOVERTYSADNESSWEAKNESSREJECTION

66

THUS LIFE CONTAINS OPPOSITES – SO THAT THERE CAN BE APPRECIATIONTHUS LIFE CONTAINS OPPOSITES – SO THAT THERE CAN BE APPRECIATION



MANY DO NOT REALIZE THAT THEY ARE BEING MANY DO NOT REALIZE THAT THEY ARE BEING TESTED WITH MANY GOOD FAVOURS IN LIFE – FOR TESTED WITH MANY GOOD FAVOURS IN LIFE – FOR ALL THESE (GOOD THINGS) COMES FROM THE WILL ALL THESE (GOOD THINGS) COMES FROM THE WILL OF ALLAH. WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THEM IS, SO THAT OF ALLAH. WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THEM IS, SO THAT THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL ( THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL ( SHAKURSHAKUR - - ))

68

MANY DO NOT REALIZE THAT THEY ARE BEING MANY DO NOT REALIZE THAT THEY ARE BEING TESTED WITH MANY GOOD FAVOURS IN LIFE – FOR TESTED WITH MANY GOOD FAVOURS IN LIFE – FOR ALL THESE (GOOD THINGS) COMES FROM THE WILL ALL THESE (GOOD THINGS) COMES FROM THE WILL OF ALLAH. WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THEM IS, SO THAT OF ALLAH. WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THEM IS, SO THAT THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL ( THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL ( SHAKURSHAKUR - - ))


““And remember! your Lord caused to be declared (publicly): And remember! your Lord caused to be declared (publicly):

"If ye are grateful, I will add more (favours) unto you; but if "If ye are grateful, I will add more (favours) unto you; but if

ye show ingratitude, truly My punishment is terrible indeed." ye show ingratitude, truly My punishment is terrible indeed."

((Qur’an: Ibrahim:14: 7Qur’an: Ibrahim:14: 7))

The key to The key to

succeed in this test as well succeed in this test as well

as to deserve achieving as to deserve achieving

further increase of further increase of

bestowals from Allah.bestowals from Allah.

yet how does one become yet how does one become

grateful? What are the grateful? What are the

important criteria?important criteria?

1.1. Acknowledge and extol praises of Acknowledge and extol praises of

the true giver, Allah Who alone is the true giver, Allah Who alone is

God, the Bestower of all favours.God, the Bestower of all favours.

2.2. Learn the value of what is given, Learn the value of what is given,

do not take any of these favours do not take any of these favours

for granted.for granted.

3.3. Utilize what is given in Utilize what is given in

accordance to what may please accordance to what may please

the Giver (i.e. do not abuse the the Giver (i.e. do not abuse the

gift), so as not to cause His wrath gift), so as not to cause His wrath

to befall us.to befall us.

CRITERIACRITERIA


70

EVEN WHEN FACING EVEN WHEN FACING ADVERSITYADVERSITY AND AND CALAMITYCALAMITY,,THE TEST IS WHETHER WE HAVE PATIENCE THE TEST IS WHETHER WE HAVE PATIENCE

FOREBEARANCE – AS WELL AS - WHETHER WE CAN FOREBEARANCE – AS WELL AS - WHETHER WE CAN REMAIN CONTENTED AND FAITHFUL TO EVERY REMAIN CONTENTED AND FAITHFUL TO EVERY

ALLAH’S DECREE UPON US ON THIS EARTHALLAH’S DECREE UPON US ON THIS EARTH


71

““Among the believers are men who have [always] been true to Among the believers are men who have [always] been true to

what they have vowed before Allah: Of them some have what they have vowed before Allah: Of them some have

fulfilled their obligations (with their lives), and some of them fulfilled their obligations (with their lives), and some of them

are still waiting (for its fulfillment) without having changed are still waiting (for its fulfillment) without having changed

[their resolve] in the least.”[their resolve] in the least.”

((Qur’an: al-Ahzab: 33: 23Qur’an: al-Ahzab: 33: 23))

EVEN WHEN FACING EVEN WHEN FACING ADVERSITYADVERSITY AND AND CALAMITYCALAMITY,,THE TEST IS WHETHER WE HAVE PATIENCE THE TEST IS WHETHER WE HAVE PATIENCE

FOREBEARANCE – AS WELL AS - WHETHER WE CAN FOREBEARANCE – AS WELL AS - WHETHER WE CAN REMAIN CONTENTED AND FAITHFUL TO EVERY REMAIN CONTENTED AND FAITHFUL TO EVERY

ALLAH’S DECREE UPON US ON THIS EARTHALLAH’S DECREE UPON US ON THIS EARTH



“ Say: ‘Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed

for us: He is our protector’: and on Allah let the Believers put

their trust.”

(Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 51)



“ “ If Allah do touch thee with hurt, there is none can remove If Allah do touch thee with hurt, there is none can remove

it but He: if He do design some benefit for thee, there is it but He: if He do design some benefit for thee, there is

none can keep back His favour: He causeth it to reach none can keep back His favour: He causeth it to reach

whomsoever of His servants He pleaseth. And He is the whomsoever of His servants He pleaseth. And He is the

Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

((Qur’an: Taubah: 10: 107Qur’an: Taubah: 10: 107))



“ “ For Allah has power over all things. For Allah has power over all things.

What Allah out of His Mercy doth bestow on mankind What Allah out of His Mercy doth bestow on mankind

there is none can withhold: what He doth withhold there is there is none can withhold: what He doth withhold there is

none can grant apart from Him: and He is the Exalted in none can grant apart from Him: and He is the Exalted in

Power, Full of Wisdom.”Power, Full of Wisdom.”

((Qur’an: Fatir: 35: 1-2Qur’an: Fatir: 35: 1-2))



“ “ And there is not a thing but with Us are the stores thereof. And there is not a thing but with Us are the stores thereof.

And we send it not down save in appointed measure.” And we send it not down save in appointed measure.”

((Qur’an: al-Hijr:15: 21Qur’an: al-Hijr:15: 21))



“ “ And whosoever who is conscious of Allah (And whosoever who is conscious of Allah (TaqwaTaqwa), ),

He (Allah) will appoint a way out for him (from He (Allah) will appoint a way out for him (from

every unhappiness), and will provide for him in a every unhappiness), and will provide for him in a

manner beyond all expectations. And whosoever manner beyond all expectations. And whosoever

puts his trust in Allah, He (alone) will suffice him. puts his trust in Allah, He (alone) will suffice him.

Verily! Allah brings His command to pass. Allah Verily! Allah brings His command to pass. Allah

hath set appointed (term and) measure for all hath set appointed (term and) measure for all

things.”things.”

((Qur’an: Talaq: 65: 2-3Qur’an: Talaq: 65: 2-3))



We cannot claim to know the knowledge that is with Allah We cannot claim to know the knowledge that is with Allah

unless He reveals it to us.unless He reveals it to us.


We cannot claim to know the knowledge that is with Allah We cannot claim to know the knowledge that is with Allah

unless He reveals it to us.unless He reveals it to us.

Thus for us in life, with time, things will gradually occur. Thus for us in life, with time, things will gradually occur.

This is what we may understand “This is what we may understand “QadhaQadha’’” to mean : ” to mean : the the

unveiling or the revealingunveiling or the revealing of Allah’s executing His fore- of Allah’s executing His fore-

knowledge (Decree) to us.knowledge (Decree) to us.


Only when it has occurred do we say “Only when it has occurred do we say “this is in accordance this is in accordance

with the Eternal pre-existing knowledge of Allah with the Eternal pre-existing knowledge of Allah ((QadrQadr)”. )”.


Only when it has occurred do we say “Only when it has occurred do we say “this is in accordance this is in accordance

with the Eternal pre-existing knowledge of Allah with the Eternal pre-existing knowledge of Allah ((QadrQadr)”. )”.

Before it has happened we Before it has happened we cannot say cannot say something is already something is already

predestined - to do so would be only mere speculation, nay predestined - to do so would be only mere speculation, nay

arrogance even, for we are assuming we know it for certain.arrogance even, for we are assuming we know it for certain.


And Allah’s knowledge And Allah’s knowledge includesincludes the cause and effect of the cause and effect of

how things occur. And in this ‘how things occur. And in this ‘cause and effectcause and effect’ lies our ’ lies our

responsibility, because there are ‘free-will’ which we are responsibility, because there are ‘free-will’ which we are

given to exercise therein.given to exercise therein.


And Allah’s knowledge And Allah’s knowledge includesincludes the cause and effect of the cause and effect of

how things occur. And in this ‘how things occur. And in this ‘cause and effectcause and effect’ lies our ’ lies our

responsibility, because there are ‘free-will’ which we are responsibility, because there are ‘free-will’ which we are

given to exercise therein.given to exercise therein.

Although Allah will not hold us responsible for ‘causes’ Although Allah will not hold us responsible for ‘causes’

which are beyond our control. Yet, these other ‘causes’ which are beyond our control. Yet, these other ‘causes’

may effect our life and destiny in this world.may effect our life and destiny in this world.


Thus, even if we have done our best exercising “Thus, even if we have done our best exercising “ikhtiyar ikhtiyar ”, ”,

yet what is destined to occur may not always be pleasant yet what is destined to occur may not always be pleasant

and good.and good.


Therefore, it is foolish to say: “Well if things is going to

happen according to what Allah has fixed, so ‘que sera sera!’

what will be will be” and you chose to do nothing. (Jabariyah)


Therefore, it is foolish to say: “Well if things is going to

happen according to what Allah has fixed, so ‘que sera sera!’

what will be will be” and you chose to do nothing. (Jabariyah)

Also, it is foolish to expect that after you have put in every

effort, things will occur exactly as you hope, as though other

factors beyond your control cannot affect your life!

(Qodariyah)


SUMMARYSUMMARY BELIEVE IN BELIEVE IN QADHA’QADHA’ AND AND QADRQADR REQUIRES REQUIRES US TO ACCEPT THAT MANKIND IS :US TO ACCEPT THAT MANKIND IS :

[1] NEITHER [1] NEITHER FULLY COMPELLED FULLY COMPELLED

[2] NOR DOES HE HAS THE [2] NOR DOES HE HAS THE ABSOLUTE ABSOLUTE FREEDOMFREEDOM. .

ITS REALITY IS TO BE FOUND BETWEEN ITS REALITY IS TO BE FOUND BETWEEN THESE TWO EXTREMES.THESE TWO EXTREMES.



SwOBRSwOBR ((PATIENT PERSERVERANCEPATIENT PERSERVERANCE))

““SwobrSwobr” – ‘patience perseverance’; if instilled in us then ” – ‘patience perseverance’; if instilled in us then

whatever the outcome in life’s trial & tribulation would whatever the outcome in life’s trial & tribulation would

not deter nor cause us to loose hope. There would always not deter nor cause us to loose hope. There would always

be positive optimism, ever determined, knowing that Allah be positive optimism, ever determined, knowing that Allah

knows all that we are going through and:knows all that we are going through and:


SwOBRSwOBR ((PATIENT PERSERVERANCEPATIENT PERSERVERANCE))

95

““Allah is with the patiently persevering ones” Allah is with the patiently persevering ones”

((Q: Baqarah:2:153Q: Baqarah:2:153))


SHAJA’AHSHAJA’AH ((COURAGECOURAGE))

Knowing that when Allah SWT. permits something to Knowing that when Allah SWT. permits something to

happen, only then can it happen. If He does not permit it, happen, only then can it happen. If He does not permit it,

then it can never happen.then it can never happen.


SHAJA’AHSHAJA’AH ((COURAGECOURAGE))

Thus the actual future outcome rests only with Allah, Thus the actual future outcome rests only with Allah,

although we may speculate with our knowledge of cause although we may speculate with our knowledge of cause

and effect. Yet, our knowledge is limited – whereas Allah’s and effect. Yet, our knowledge is limited – whereas Allah’s

knowledge encompass all. This instils in us courage to face knowledge encompass all. This instils in us courage to face

the future.the future.


TAWAKKUL TAWAKKUL ((TRUSTTRUST))

Believe in Believe in Qadha’Qadha’ & & QadrQadr requires a Muslim to place trust requires a Muslim to place trust

completely in Allah (after exhausting all resolve and completely in Allah (after exhausting all resolve and ikhtiyarikhtiyar).).

Trust in Allah make us deserving of his Love:Trust in Allah make us deserving of his Love:


TAWAKKULTAWAKKUL ((TRUSTTRUST))

99

““And when you have made a resolve, And when you have made a resolve,

put your Trust in Allah for Allah put your Trust in Allah for Allah

loves those who put their Trust in Him” loves those who put their Trust in Him”

((Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 159Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 159))


HUSNUZ-DZONHUSNUZ-DZON ((GOOD OPINION TOWARDS ALLAHGOOD OPINION TOWARDS ALLAH))

Having only good opinion of Allah marks a true Believer. Having only good opinion of Allah marks a true Believer.

Thus the ‘Thus the ‘good and the bad good and the bad ’ are seen only as a ’ are seen only as a

temporary gifts or affliction – decided by One Who is temporary gifts or affliction – decided by One Who is

Compassionate, Merciful and Wise.Compassionate, Merciful and Wise.



Those who holds to “Those who holds to “good opinion of Allah and His good opinion of Allah and His

DecreeDecree”, develops their ”, develops their NafsNafs (Soul) to become Tranquil (Soul) to become Tranquil

(( ). Thus Allah says :). Thus Allah says :




103

"O (thou) soul, in (complete) rest and satisfaction!

"Come back thou to thy Lord well pleased (thyself),

and well-pleasing unto Him!

"Enter thou, then among my Devotees!

"Yea, enter thou my Heaven"!

(Qur’an: Fajr: 89: 27-30)



•““Things that we cannot see (Things that we cannot see (ghaybghayb) don’t exist!”) don’t exist!”

•““Fire will not effect (hurt) another fire!”Fire will not effect (hurt) another fire!”

•““If God already knows that I’m going to be bad, why If God already knows that I’m going to be bad, why blame me!”blame me!”



"Our Lord! in Thee do we trust, and to Thee do we turn in repentance: "Our Lord! in Thee do we trust, and to Thee do we turn in repentance:

to Thee is (our) final Goal.”to Thee is (our) final Goal.”

ROB-BA-NAA – ‘A-LAI-KA – TA-WAK-KAL-NAA ROB-BA-NAA – ‘A-LAI-KA – TA-WAK-KAL-NAA WA-ILAI-KA – ANAB-NAA – WA - I-LAI - KAL – MA-SWEERWA-ILAI-KA – ANAB-NAA – WA - I-LAI - KAL – MA-SWEER

DU’A TAUGHT BY ALLAH:DU’A TAUGHT BY ALLAH:


"In Allah do we put our trust. Our Lord! make us not a trial for those "In Allah do we put our trust. Our Lord! make us not a trial for those

who practise oppression; And deliver us by Thy Mercy from those who practise oppression; And deliver us by Thy Mercy from those

who reject (Thee)." who reject (Thee)."


‘‘ALLAL-LAA-HI – TAWAK –KAL - NAA – ROB-BA-NAA-ALLAL-LAA-HI – TAWAK –KAL - NAA – ROB-BA-NAA-LAA –TAJ-’AL-NAA – FIT-NA-TAN –LIL-QOW-MIZ-LAA –TAJ-’AL-NAA – FIT-NA-TAN –LIL-QOW-MIZ-

ZO-LI-MEEN – WA-NAJ-JI-NAA – BI-ROH-MA-TI-KA ZO-LI-MEEN – WA-NAJ-JI-NAA – BI-ROH-MA-TI-KA – – MINAL – QOW-MIL -KAA-FI-REENMINAL – QOW-MIL -KAA-FI-REEN




(Supplicate & Pray): (Supplicate & Pray):

"Our Lord! condemn us not if we forget or fall into error; "Our Lord! condemn us not if we forget or fall into error;

our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which Thou didst our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which Thou didst

lay on those before us; lay on those before us;

Our Lord! lay not on us a burden greater than we have Our Lord! lay not on us a burden greater than we have

strength to bear. Blot out our sins and grant us forgiveness. strength to bear. Blot out our sins and grant us forgiveness.

Have mercy on us. Thou art our Protector; help us against Have mercy on us. Thou art our Protector; help us against

those who stand against faith." those who stand against faith."

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 286Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 286))

109



"O Allah! Endear love in our hearts with the True Faith ("O Allah! Endear love in our hearts with the True Faith (al- iimanal- iiman)”)”

ALLAA-HUM-MA ALLAA-HUM-MA HHA-BIB- A-BIB-

I-LAI -NAL – II - MANI-LAI -NAL – II - MAN



“ “And make it (our Faith) to be beautiful (and as a And make it (our Faith) to be beautiful (and as a precious ornamentprecious ornament) )

in our hearts”in our hearts”

WA – ZAY – YIN - HU - FEE – WA – ZAY – YIN - HU - FEE –

QU – LOO – BI - NAAQU – LOO – BI - NAA



“ “And make us hateful of And make us hateful of KUFRKUFR (every forms of unbelief), (every forms of unbelief), FU-SUUQFU-SUUQ

(every wickedness) and (every wickedness) and ISw-YAANISw-YAAN (rebelliousness against truth (rebelliousness against truth

& goodness)”& goodness)”

WA – KAR-RAH - ILAI-NAL – KUF-RA WAL WA – KAR-RAH - ILAI-NAL – KUF-RA WAL

FU- SOO-QA - WAL- ISW- YAANFU- SOO-QA - WAL- ISW- YAAN



“ “And make us to amongst those who are And make us to amongst those who are RAA-SHI-DUUNRAA-SHI-DUUN (the (the

Rightly Guided)”Rightly Guided)”

WAJ - ‘ALA - NAA MI-NAR - WAJ - ‘ALA - NAA MI-NAR -

RAA - SHI - DEEN RAA - SHI - DEEN



"Our Lord! Bestow on us Mercy from Thyself, and dispose of our affair "Our Lord! Bestow on us Mercy from Thyself, and dispose of our affair

for us in the right way! “for us in the right way! “

ROB-BANAA – AA-TINAA – MIN-LA-DUNK-KA ROB-BANAA – AA-TINAA – MIN-LA-DUNK-KA

ROROHH-MA-TAN – WA – HA-YI’ – LA-NAA – MIN - -MA-TAN – WA – HA-YI’ – LA-NAA – MIN -

AM- RINAA – RA – SHA- DAAAM- RINAA – RA – SHA- DAA



ROB-BANAA – FAGH – FIR -LANAA – DZU-NUU-BA-ROB-BANAA – FAGH – FIR -LANAA – DZU-NUU-BA-

NAA – WA-KAF-FIR- ‘AN-NAA – SAI – YI- AA - TINAA – NAA – WA-KAF-FIR- ‘AN-NAA – SAI – YI- AA - TINAA –

WA-TAWAF - FA-NAA – MA – ‘AL – AB- RAA-RWA-TAWAF - FA-NAA – MA – ‘AL – AB- RAA-R

““Our Lord! forgive us our sins blot out from us our iniquities, and Our Lord! forgive us our sins blot out from us our iniquities, and

take to Thyself our souls in the company of the righteous.” take to Thyself our souls in the company of the righteous.”



ROB-BA-NAA – LAA-TU-ZIGH – QU-LUU-BA-NAA – BA’-DA ROB-BA-NAA – LAA-TU-ZIGH – QU-LUU-BA-NAA – BA’-DA

IDZ – HA-DAI-TA-NAA – WA – HAB – LA-NAA – MIN – LA IDZ – HA-DAI-TA-NAA – WA – HAB – LA-NAA – MIN – LA

DUNKA – ROH-MA-TAN – IN-NA-KA – AN-TAL- WAH-HAABDUNKA – ROH-MA-TAN – IN-NA-KA – AN-TAL- WAH-HAAB

"Our Lord! let not our hearts deviate now after Thou hast guided us, "Our Lord! let not our hearts deviate now after Thou hast guided us,

but grant us mercy from Thee: for Thou art the Grantor of bounties but grant us mercy from Thee: for Thou art the Grantor of bounties

without measure.”without measure.”



““Our Lord! pour out on us patience and constancy, and Take our Our Lord! pour out on us patience and constancy, and Take our

souls unto Thee as Muslims (who bow to Thy will)"! souls unto Thee as Muslims (who bow to Thy will)"!


ROB-BANAA – AF-RIGH – ‘A-LAY-NAAROB-BANAA – AF-RIGH – ‘A-LAY-NAA

SWOB-RAN – WA- TA-WAF-FA-NAASWOB-RAN – WA- TA-WAF-FA-NAA

MUS-LI-MEENMUS-LI-MEEN


"Our Lord! Grant unto us wives (mates) and offspring who will be the "Our Lord! Grant unto us wives (mates) and offspring who will be the

comfort of our eyes and give us (the grace) to lead the righteous.”comfort of our eyes and give us (the grace) to lead the righteous.”


ROB-BA-NAA – HAB-LA-NAA – MIN – AZ-WAA - JI-NAA ROB-BA-NAA – HAB-LA-NAA – MIN – AZ-WAA - JI-NAA

WA - DZUR-RI- YAA -TI-NAA – QUR-RO—TA – A’ – YU-NINWA - DZUR-RI- YAA -TI-NAA – QUR-RO—TA – A’ – YU-NIN

WAJ- ‘AL – NAA – LIL – MUT-TA-QEE-NA – IMAA -MAWAJ- ‘AL – NAA – LIL – MUT-TA-QEE-NA – IMAA -MA


ROB-BA-NAA – AA-TI-NAA – FID-DUN-YAA – HA-SA-NA-ROB-BA-NAA – AA-TI-NAA – FID-DUN-YAA – HA-SA-NA-

TAN – WA- FIL – AA-KHI-RA-TI - HA-SA-NA-TAN TAN – WA- FIL – AA-KHI-RA-TI - HA-SA-NA-TAN

WA-QI-NAA - ‘A-DZAA-BAN-NAA-RWA-QI-NAA - ‘A-DZAA-BAN-NAA-R

““Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter

and save us from the torment of the fire!" and save us from the torment of the fire!"



“(May) Allah grant His Reward upon Muhammad, salutations of Allah

and Peace be upon him and his family, in accordance with what he

deserves (in Allah’s knowledge & estimation).”


And salutations of Allah and Peace be upon our Leader And salutations of Allah and Peace be upon our Leader

Muhammad, and upon His household and Companions .Muhammad, and upon His household and Companions .

And all the Praises is for Allah, And all the Praises is for Allah,

Lord Sustainer of all the worlds.Lord Sustainer of all the worlds.


””Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He is free) from Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He is free) from

what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on the Messengers! And praise what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on the Messengers! And praise

to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.” to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.”

((Qur’an : Saffat: 37 : 180-182Qur’an : Saffat: 37 : 180-182))


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