[Slideshare]intermediate islam introdctnakjhlaq-lesson#1(15oct2011)

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

LESSON # 1 – LESSON # 1 –

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OFINTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ‘‘ILM AL-AKHLAQILM AL-AKHLAQ “Verily! You (Muhammad) are upon the

most exalted (Khuluq) disposition.”

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF ‘STUDY OF ‘ILM AL-AKHLAQ ILM AL-AKHLAQ ””

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail



LESSON FROM – LESSON FROM –

STORY OF THE ANIMALSTORY OF THE ANIMALIN THE FARMIN THE FARM

And say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledgeAnd say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledge



UPDATED APRIL 2011UPDATED APRIL 2011

A SATIRE (PARABLE) TOWARDS UNDERSTANDINGA SATIRE (PARABLE) TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING




The night in the farm, the serenity was disturbed by the barking and

howling of the dogs. Many other animals were aroused from their

sleep. Irritated by the noise, they began to complain amongst

themselves and criticise the dogs.


http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/2008/10/introduction-to-ilm-al-akhlaq.html

Posted also on blog OCTOBER 22, 2008:

Cow:

"O, what a racket. These dogs simply are very inconsiderate. Don't

they know that we have to be up at dawn to give our milk? A good

rest is crucial to our (milk) production. We always try to give more.

Moo..ore...! Moo..ore...!"


Sheep:

''They are not only inconsiderate; they also display certain

arrogance. They will always display a fierce and threatening

nature to everyone.


Sheep:

“ If the milkman comes, they will bark. In fact, whosoever comes;

whether our master's neighbour, the postman, the handyman, the

salesman, they will bark.


Sheep:

“When they are told to hush-up, to keep quite, they will still

continue to bark and roll their tongues, baring their fangs

threateningly. You noticed how they always intimidate us sheep.


Sheep:

“They scare the wits out of us with the tone of their language.

We always try to remind them to tone down their language

until our language has been rendered as a perpetual pleading,

as though we are constantly saying

‘ plee..ee..ease..! plee..ee..sase..! ''


Cockerel: ''Not only are they arrogant, they are also ostentatious (riya’ )

and like to show off. When they bark at the master, you see how

they wag their tails, as though telling the master,

'' Look at me! Look at me!‘’


Cockerel: “ What?! They think they are the only ones working for our

master. They imagine themselves as favourites of the master.

Even in answering the nature's call, they must do it at specific

places.


Cockerel: “ They would sniff the place and meticulously choose the spot.

The lamp post, lah! The tyre, lah! The fire hydrant, lah! And just

look at how they do it. Must do it with style, with one leg up!

Acrobatic or what?! Show off!“

( While ostensibly he flapped his wings and strut about displaying

his crown and seeking others attention to his ‘wise’ remark. )All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

All these were heard by a young puppy who then ran to the

leader of the pack. Panting, the puppy informed the leader of

what was said.

The leader of the dog summoned all under him and delivered a

short lecture.


Leader of the dogs:

'' Do not be alarmed, do not get angry, and do not react

unnecessarily! What has been said by a non-dog concerning us

dogs is only from their misunderstanding of our nature. You see,

non-dogs can never understand dogs.


Leader of the dogs:

‘’ But you dogs must understand your own nature and try to live

according to your nature.

Let me respond to their accusation and explain for you all to

understand!


Leader of the dogs:

“ We have been created for a job, an important job on this farm

i.e. to guard and protect the property of our master.

To be a guard, you need to display ferocity so that it can be

deterrent.

How can a guard be known to be a sissy?


Leader of the dogs:

“ So, it is not being arrogant, but is part of our discipline as

members of the security force.


Leader of the dogs:

“ As for barking at night, well... we, as experts in our field, know

jolly well that burglars usually come out at night. Disadvantaged

by poor lighting, we need to make sure that our presence is felt.

Thus the barking!


Leader of the dogs:

“ Not that we are inconsiderate to others.

But rather because it is part of our job, it is our duty and trust

(Amanah) to do so – even though others may not like it “


Leader of the dogs:

“ As to the accusation that we are ostentatious, even choosing

specific places to nature's call! Well, it is a strategy.

Our number is small, but the area to guard is so wide. We have

to make our presence felt, even in our absence.

Unfortunately they misunderstand this as our being

ostentatious!


Leader of the dogs:

“ So you see! We ought to understand our nature and try to live

according to our nature. If you can do that... Al-hamdulillah!

Be thankful and grateful to Allah for having created you dogs.

Don't you know that there are worse creatures than us?''


..... There was a stunned silence …

An old owl that was perched upon the barn was attentively

listening to their conversation. She was always an avid listener

to gossip, especially to pass her time at night.


She could not stem her ''kay-poh-istic'' (from Hokkien – a

Chinese dialect - word “kay-poh” meaning ‘busybody’)

tendencies and blurted out:

OWL :

''wHoo..! wHoo..!''

'wHoo..!? wHoo..!?'‘

Whereupon, one of the dogs echoed her and asked:

''Whoo...f? Whoo...f?''


Leader of the dogs:

'' Look at our neighbours, the swine! At least we dogs have a

dignified job. But they?

I don't know why they were created.

All they seem to be doing is eating, sleeping, and wallowing in

the mud and filth!


Leader of the dogs:

‘’ As regards eating, they don't seem to have any discrimination!

They are such dirty creatures; they enjoy covering themselves

with mud and filth! Eeee!...


Leader of the dogs:

‘’ Even in the Qur'an it is stated that man is forbidden from eating

the flesh of swine.


Leader of the dogs:

“ And when you look at the numbers of piglets born each time, it

is as though mating seems to be their favourite preoccupation!

Perhaps we can say, they do nothing except eat, play in the filth,

sleep and sex!''


Unfortunately, one piglet was not asleep but heard what was said.

It ran to the leader of the swine, to complain about the GHIBBAH

(back biting) of the dogs. It created a stir amongst the pigs who

began to shout ''Ooii..nk! Ooii...nk!'' in protest as though trying to

remind the dogs that it is bad to back bite others.


Leader of the swine:

'' Be calm! Don't overreact! Non-pigs can never understand pigs.

But you pigs must realise that there is nothing wrong in trying

to live according to your nature.

We ought to be thankful to Allah for having created us pigs. Let

me respond and put into perspective our behaviour.


The chief swine pacified them and

delivered a lecture to them.


‘’ It is not true when they assume that we have no job. We do

have a job on this farm. A rather difficult job which only we pigs

can perform. We are the walking environment supervisors and

our job is to clean up the place of all rotting things. We are

perhaps the last in the food chain.





“ To do this job, we must not have any discrimination in eating.

So, when we are doing our job efficiently, they accuse us of

being gluttons.





“ They say we are dirty and quote the Qur'an. It is true that in

the Qur'an, Allah tells Man that our flesh is forbidden for them.

But we have never told Man to eat us!

In fact everyone of us pigs will constantly be protesting and

screaming in the abattoir. ….. Can’t they hear this cry ??!””





“ We are supposed to be the last in the food chain and were

created to function as such. Germs and bacteria or whatever

which usually cause illness in Man, cannot harm us, but sustain

us.





“ So if Man wants to consider us as their food, they are taking a

big risk. They are the one who place themselves as the lowest in

the food chain. Therefore whatever harm may befall him for

consuming us is his fault.





“ As to covering ourselves with mud and filth, well, it is because

we are not as fortunate as the dogs. Dogs were created with

nice fur. Some amongst them are so vain as to enter into beauty

contests because of this.

But we, we are just trying to be modest.





“ Though we are created relatively naked, at least we have the

decency to cover ourselves, even with mud because that is the

only material available for us.

We are not vain like the dogs, but rather we are just being

modest in our own way.





“ If they think that mud is dirty, well, in the Qur'an it is stated

that Allah does not lay a burden greater than what we can bear!

And between using mud and being naked, we'd rather not be

naked.

In fact we are grateful to Allah that we have mud –

AlHamdulillaah!.”All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))




“ When they criticise us regarding our reproductive efficiency,

calling us ''sexists!''....."Sexual!"... They never consider the

nature of our job.

No other animals can do what we are doing. We can't import

foreign talents , to do our job! But we must ensure that there is

no labour shortage. The best solution is to produce our own

labourers.”All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))




“ So you swine understand this! We were created with a specific

nature and are expected by our Creator to function according to

our nature. If we are doing it, Alhamdulillah!

Be grateful that Allah has created you as pigs, because there

are worse creatures than us.''




The old owl was there again, as curious as ever. Gossip being her

mainstay, she would not be satisfied without knowing who the

leader of the pigs was referring to. Seeing that the pigs are a

bunch of dullards, she began to draw their attention by flapping

her wings and suggested to them the question, ''wHoo..!

wHoo..! wHoo..!''

Thus encouraged, one of the pigs asked:

' Oi..nk! Ooii..nk! .. Chief!... Tell us who is it?''


And then she said:

'' Humans!''

On being asked why she came to that conclusion, she remarked:

'' You see, amongst us animals, there is none that

behave like humans. But amongst human beings,

there are many that behave like beasts!''



looked at them with a smile.

---------------------END OF STORY---------------------

( THE STORY IS A SATIRE/FICTIONAL ) ( THE STORY IS A SATIRE/FICTIONAL )

ANY RESEMBLANCE TO ANY PERSON OR PERSONS, DEAD OR ALIVE, ANY RESEMBLANCE TO ANY PERSON OR PERSONS, DEAD OR ALIVE,

IS PURELY COINCIDENTAL. CHARACTERIZATION INTENDED TO CONVEY IS PURELY COINCIDENTAL. CHARACTERIZATION INTENDED TO CONVEY

A MESSAGE - AND NOT TO INSINUATE TOWARDS WHOEVER WHO A MESSAGE - AND NOT TO INSINUATE TOWARDS WHOEVER WHO

MAY FEEL OFFENDED BY THEM. WE ARE NOT CONCERNED WITH THE MAY FEEL OFFENDED BY THEM. WE ARE NOT CONCERNED WITH THE

VERACITY OF THE STORY, BUT THE TRUTH IN THE MESSAGE VERACITY OF THE STORY, BUT THE TRUTH IN THE MESSAGE

CONVEYED.CONVEYED.

http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/2008/10/introduction-to-ilm-al-akhlaq.html


All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

TA’ARUF AND SHORT GROUP DISCUSSION

Ask yourself: Ask yourself: Is the last statement true? Does man know his nature

and live according to this nature as human beings should?

- “What are the other significant lessons to me , in this story...? ”“What are the other significant lessons to me , in this story...? ”

Break into groupings (of not more

than 7 person in each).

Do brief introduction of each other.

Proceed to discuss

“Salaam .. Nice to get to know you. …. So …….What have we learnt?”

Is this message in the last statement true? Does man know his

nature and live according to this nature as human beings should?

Isn't it common for people to describe or accuse other people

derogatorily as, "you despicable animal!" or "you beast!" etc.

although he is referring to an obvious human.

So, perhaps human can become something else other than what

he is supposed to be i.e. inhuman rather than being humane. He

thus needs nurturing and cannot merely rely on his own devices,

because man has been granted limited freewill and choice to

develop. More importantly, he is also bestowed with revelations.


Since obviously man cannot hope to know his own nature unless

this is taught to him. Especially when the teachings and

guidance originates from his Maker

After all, who can best teach man about his nature and the best

way of behaviour except his Creator? The Creator and Sustainer

of the whole Universe and every creations.


Thus Islam as ad-Deen (a total system of guidance or all

encompassing way of life) must also be viewed from this

perspective i.e. its laws are all it conformity with man's nature,

to develop him to become a truly Muslim personality – the pure

and honourable Adamic [1] disposition.


[1] as mankind was intended to be – as a human being

http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5227352312199111296#_ftn1

http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5227352312199111296#_ftn1

This is opposed to being: materialistic, animalistic, demonic and

even to be distinguished as higher than the angelic disposition –

because even angels were commanded to bow down to Adam

a.s. :


”And behold We said to the angels:

"Bow down to Adam";

and they bowed down:”

(Qur’an: Baqarah:2:34)

Therefore, consider what Allah s.w.t. says in the Qur'an:



''Verily, We create man in the best conformation: ''Verily, We create man in the best conformation:

thereafter we reduce him to the lowest of the low: thereafter we reduce him to the lowest of the low:

except those who attain to faith and do righteous except those who attain to faith and do righteous

deeds; deeds;

theirs will be a reward unending.” theirs will be a reward unending.”

((Qur'an: At-Tin: 95: 4-6Qur'an: At-Tin: 95: 4-6))

Therefore, consider what Allah s.w.t. says in the Qur'an:

In the education of a Muslim, the three aspects of development In the education of a Muslim, the three aspects of development

viz: viz: ImaanImaan (Conviction/ Faith), (Conviction/ Faith), 'Amal'Amal (Practise) and (Practise) and IhsanIhsan

(righteous conduct) - ultimately are to transform that person into (righteous conduct) - ultimately are to transform that person into

a being with certain traits. a being with certain traits.

This is because Islam views Man as potentially good, but not yet This is because Islam views Man as potentially good, but not yet

perfect in his goodness. He is susceptible to change (although perfect in his goodness. He is susceptible to change (although

given his good, pure, and innocent beginning). given his good, pure, and innocent beginning).


With With ImaanImaan, he becomes equipped with certainty and conviction , he becomes equipped with certainty and conviction

thereby motivating him in life. The detail subject to pursue being thereby motivating him in life. The detail subject to pursue being

'''Al- Aqaa'iid'Al- Aqaa'iid.'' .''

With With 'Amal'Amal, he becomes concerned with manifesting what he , he becomes concerned with manifesting what he

believes by doing what is correct. The detail subject to pursue believes by doing what is correct. The detail subject to pursue

being ''being ''FiqhFiqh''. ''.


And with And with IhsanIhsan, he learns that in his inner being lies a potential , he learns that in his inner being lies a potential

which must be kept pure and made to grow according to the which must be kept pure and made to grow according to the

pattern accorded by his Creator, to unlock and channel the pattern accorded by his Creator, to unlock and channel the

various innate powers in him thereby to become as perfect a various innate powers in him thereby to become as perfect a

human as he can be. human as he can be.


The detail subject for this is '‘ The detail subject for this is '‘ ‘‘Ilmu-AkhlaqIlmu-Akhlaq'' which I have chosen '' which I have chosen

the translation ''the science of human disposition''. Its the translation ''the science of human disposition''. Its

methodology or approach of inculcation of the knowledge, methodology or approach of inculcation of the knowledge,

organizational and technique for attainment of spiritual states organizational and technique for attainment of spiritual states

etc., may vary accordingly and is also sometimes referred to as, etc., may vary accordingly and is also sometimes referred to as,

'' '' ’ilmul-Tasawwuf’ilmul-Tasawwuf ’’ ( ’’ (what some refer to it aswhat some refer to it as “ “SufismSufism”)”) and and

''''IrfanIrfan'‘.'‘.


One scholar succinctly describes “One scholar succinctly describes “Tasawwuf Tasawwuf ” as “the practice of ” as “the practice of

Islam at the level of Islam at the level of IHSANIHSAN” – where ” – where IHSANIHSAN is understood to mean is understood to mean

(as explained by our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. :(as explained by our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. :


One scholar succinctly describes “One scholar succinctly describes “Tasawwuf Tasawwuf ” as “the practice of ” as “the practice of

Islam at the level of Islam at the level of IHSANIHSAN” – where ” – where IHSANIHSAN is understood to mean is understood to mean

(as explained by our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. :(as explained by our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. :

” ”... that you worship [serve or devote yourself to] Allah as though ... that you worship [serve or devote yourself to] Allah as though

you see Him, if not, then He sees you.you see Him, if not, then He sees you.” ”

((Hadith reported by MuslimHadith reported by Muslim))

Adepts of “Adepts of “tasawwuftasawwuf” are called “” are called “mutasawwifinmutasawwifin” whereas for ” whereas for

““IrfanIrfan” the appellation “ ” the appellation “ ’’aa-rifinaa-rifin” is used.” is used.



Although in '‘ ‘Ilmu al-Akhlaq'', there are elements of behaviour being

taught, it would be wrong to assume that it is like lessons on etiquette,

manners etc. as generally understood.

You may be able to teach a person how to behave and yet his behaviour

can at best be temporary and therefore ''artificial", motivated by a

factor which is impermanent. For example, students may appear well

behaved in the presence of a teacher, but once the teacher is not there,

they go back to misbehaving.


Whereas, ''Ilmu- al-Akhlaq'' seeks to instil and mould a behaviour

which is at the same time his nature, sustained and developed

throughout his entire life. Perhaps the expression to make it

''second nature to him'' may give you the idea.


''Khuluq'' i.e. disposition is that faculty (''Malakah'') of the ''Self''

(''Nafs'') which is the source of all activities that Man performs

spontaneously without thinking about them. ''Malakah'' or certain

faculty comes into existence through exercise and repetitive practice

and is not easily destroyed. A particular disposition (''malakah'') may

appear in human beings because of one of the following reasons:


[1] NATURAL AND PHYSICAL MAKE UP

It is observed that some people are patient while others are touchy

and nervous. Some are easily disturbed and saddened while others

show greater resilience and resistance.


[2] HABIT

Habit is formed because of continual repetition of certain acts and

leads to the formation of a disposition.


[3] PRACTICE AND CONSCIOUS EFFORT

Practice and conscious effort if continued long enough will

eventually lead to the formation of a disposition.



CLEAR MESSAGE IN THE QUR’ANCLEAR MESSAGE IN THE QUR’AN

““By the By the NafsNafs (Self or Soul of man), (Self or Soul of man),

and the proportion and order given to it; and the proportion and order given to it;

and its enlightenment as to its wrong and its right; and its enlightenment as to its wrong and its right;

― ― truly he succeeds that purifies it, and he fails truly he succeeds that purifies it, and he fails

that corrupts it!” that corrupts it!”

((Qur’an: as-Shams: 91: 7-10Qur’an: as-Shams: 91: 7-10))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

“Verily we have honoured the children of Adam. We carry

them on the land and the sea, and have made provision of

good things for them, and have preferred them above many

of those whom We created with a marked preferment.”

(Qur’an: al-Isra’: 17: 70)


““Verily We have created Man into toil and struggle.

Thinketh he, that none hath power over him? He may say

(boastfully): "Wealth have I squandered in abundance!"

Thinketh he that none beholdeth him? ”

(Qur’an: al-Balad: 90: 1-7)



“Have we not made for him a pair of eyes? ― And a tongue

and a pair of lips? ― And shown him the two highways? But

he hath made no haste on the path that is steep.

And what will explain to thee, the path that is steep? (It is:)

freeing the bondman; Or the giving of food in a day of

privation. To the orphan with claims of relationship, or to

the indigent (down) in the dust. ”




“Then will he be of those who believe, and enjoin patience,

(constancy, and self-restraint), and enjoin deeds of kindness

and compassion. Such are the Companions of the Right

Hand.

But those who reject Our Signs, they are the (unhappy)

companions of the Left Hand. On them will be Fire Vaulted

over (all round).”



“Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled sperm, in order

to try him: so We gave him (the gifts), of Hearing and Sight.

We showed him the Way: whether he be grateful or ungrateful

(rests on his will).”

(Qur’an: al-Insan: 76:2-3)


“So set thou thy face steadily and truly to the faith: (establish)

Allah's handiwork according to the pattern on which He has

made mankind (FITwRAH): no change (let there be) in the work

(wrought) by Allah: that is the standard Religion: but most

among mankind understand not.”

(Qur’an: Rum: 30: 30)All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

“Many are the Jinns and men We have made for Hell: they have

hearts wherewith they understand not, eyes wherewith they see

not, and ears wherewith they hear not. They are like cattle nay

more misguided: for they are heedless (of warning).”

(Qur’an: al-A’raf: 7:179)


“Verily never will Allah change the condition of a people until

they change it themselves (with their own souls).”

(Qur’an: ar-Ra’d: 13: 11)


“Say: Our life takes its colour from Allah! And who could give a

better colour (to life) than Allah? And it is He (alone) Whom we

worship.”

(Qur’an: al-Baqarah: 2: 138)


All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011

77All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011

TauTauhheedic paradigmeedic paradigm

78

‘ILM TAUHEED - ‘AQIDAH(Creed or Theology)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Certainty (Belief)Awareness of Reality / Truth

Develop discernment between Truth & Falsehood,

What is involved?‘Aql - (proper use of Reason / Intellect)

Fitrah - Instincts & innate feeling (perception)Tauqifiy – Revelations & reliable traditions

What is the Effect?

To develop firm conviction, strong principle,Commitment to concept of Unity & Justice of Allah

(Tauheed); knowing the true purpose, role and Destiny of Man.



79

‘ILM TAUHIID - ‘AQIDAH(Creed or Theology)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Certainty (Belief)Awareness of Reality / Truth

Develop discernment between Truth & Falsehood,

What is involved?‘Aql - (proper use of Reason / Intellect)

Fitrah - Instincts & innate feeling (perception)Tauqifiy – Revelations & reliable traditions

What is the Effect?

To develop firm conviction, strong principle,Commitment to concept of Unity & Justice of Allah

(Tauheed); knowing the true purpose, role and Destiny of Man.

RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:KNOWLEDGE:

Languages, Logic & philosophy,Languages, Logic & philosophy,Epistemology, Biology, Botany,Epistemology, Biology, Botany,Chemistry, Physical sciences,Chemistry, Physical sciences,Astronomy, Geology, History,Astronomy, Geology, History,

Anthropology, Marine & Space,Anthropology, Marine & Space,Etc.Etc.



80

‘ILM FIQH(Practical Laws for life;

Learning of the Shari’ah)

Purpose / ObjectiveDevelopment of Correct Practices;

Submission & Obedience to Will of Allah (Islam)

What is involved?Knowing the law, rules as Guidance to every aspect of life

Capability to implementing them in life

What is the Effect?To develop a community of people,

Inviting to what is goodEnjoining what is right, and forbidding evil,

Advocating the fulfilment of AMANAH (Trust)As Allah’s Khalifah (vicegerent),

Establishing the Brotherhood of Man in The servitude of One God.



81











BROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQHBROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQH‘‘ibadah ibadah (personal devotion / worship) (personal devotion / worship) MuamalahMuamalah (social transaction) (social transaction) MunakahahMunakahah (Marriage & family) (Marriage & family) Irth / fara’id Irth / fara’id (Distribution of wealth)(Distribution of wealth) JinayahJinayah (crimes & punishment) (crimes & punishment) Qodha’iyahQodha’iyah (judiciary)(judiciary) jihad / Da’wah jihad / Da’wah (struggle in war & peace)(struggle in war & peace) imarahimarah (Leadership/government)(Leadership/government)



82












All applied sciences, technologyAll applied sciences, technologyand skills, knowledge of economics, politics, and skills, knowledge of economics, politics,

social & administrative social & administrative sciences etc. that can assist in the sciences etc. that can assist in the

fulfilment of establishing justice, order, peace, fulfilment of establishing justice, order, peace, harmony, prosperity, physical harmony, prosperity, physical

with moral progress, and the well-being with moral progress, and the well-being of Man & society, etc.of Man & society, etc.



83

‘ILM AKHLAQ / TASAWWUF / IRFAN(Science of human Disposition/ Sufism)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Righteous PersonalityPurification/perfection of the Self

What is involved?Reforming or purification of the Self (Nafs)Best behaviour in relationship with Allah,

within oneself, and with others.Knowledge of Self and of Allah (Gnosis)

What is the Effect?

Development of Most noble personality traitsFounded on Love of Allah, of all His prophets [Nabiyyin] especially the Seal of Prophethood Muhammad s.a.w.,

his Household [itrah or Ahlul-bayti wa Aali -Rasul] and loyal Companions [Ashaab], In fellowship with the Truthful [siddiqqin], the Witnesses & martyrs [shuhada] and the

Righteous servants of Allah [Solihin]; Striving to purify the Self (Nafs) and adorning it with the Exalted Moral traits of Our Beloved Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.

(The Perfected Man – “Insan Kaamil”)



84

‘ILM AKHLAQ / TASAWWUF / IRFAN(Science of human Disposition/ Sufism)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Righteous PersonalityPurification/perfection of the Self

What is involved?Reforming or purification of the Self (Nafs)Best behaviour in relationship with Allah,

within oneself, and with others.Knowledge of Self and of Allah (Gnosis)

What is the Effect?

Development of Most noble personality traitsFounded on Love of Allah, of all His prophets [Nabiyyin] especially the Seal of Prophethood Muhammad s.a.w.,

his Household [itrah or Ahlul-bayti wa Aali -Rasul] and loyal Companions [Ashaab], In fellowship with the Truthful [siddiqqin], the Witnesses & martyrs [shuhada] and the

Righteous servants of Allah [Solihin]; Striving to purify the Self (Nafs) and adorning it with the Exalted Moral traits of Our Beloved Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.

(The Perfected Man – “Insan Kaamil”)


This aspect of development requiresThis aspect of development requirespractical behaviour, the aspect of being practical behaviour, the aspect of being and becoming. Its area of development and becoming. Its area of development is the inner Self, the ‘human psyche’ oris the inner Self, the ‘human psyche’ or

the state of the Soul reflected in his the state of the Soul reflected in his Disposition (Disposition (AkhlaqAkhlaq). Therefore, the close ). Therefore, the close

equivalent may perhaps be ‘human’ psychology, equivalent may perhaps be ‘human’ psychology, behavioural sciences, manners & discipline, etc.behavioural sciences, manners & discipline, etc.



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And say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledge

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[Slideshare]intermediate islam introdctnakjhlaq-lesson#1(15oct2011)

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