ENGLISH

STUDENT LEARNING UNIT 13

Health, Hygiene and Fitness

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Health, Hygiene and Fitness

Before we start…………..

Have you ever fallen ill and gone to a doctor? It's not very nice to be sick. We all feel depressed when we are unwell, since we are unable to carry on with our normal routine. Often, lack of hygiene turns out to be the reason for any illness in the family. How can we remain in good health, follow best practices in hygiene and maintain excellent fitness ? We will explore some of the answers in this SLU.

Activity 1: Action and Reaction

• What are the consequences of the following? Write the consequences and the remedies in a few sentences in the table given below.

o drinking unclean / contaminated water

o eating food with dirty (unwashed) hands

o playing in the sun in the middle of summer

o playing in the rain

o eating stale food

o drinking very cold water

o not brushing your teeth properly every day

o not bathing regularly

o eating at road-side food stall where there are lots of flies

o not trimming nails regularly

o wearing dirty, unwashed clothes / unsuitable clothes (e.g., woollen clothes in summer)

Action Consequence Remedies Drinking unclean or contaminated water

You can get diseases and get sick very quickly if you drink dirty water. Dysentery, diarrhea and severe stomach upset could set in.

Drink only clean water. There are inexpensive devices to filter water at home. Boiled & cooled water is clean.

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Action 2: How valuable is your potato ?

• Here are some food items that you probably use at home.

potato, sweet potato, tomato, onion, tur daal, rice, wheat, ghee, milk, salt, masoordaal,

Can you find out the nutritional values of the foods and fill in the table below? You could use the library, ask a doctor in the neighbourhood, or your teacher.

Where else do you think you can find this information?

Item Quantity Nutritional Value Potato 100 gms Tomato 100 gms

Which is the food item that provides the most value for money ?

Activity – 3: How much nutrition do you get in a week ?

Make a note of the food items you eat over one week. At the end of the week, find out the nutritional value of what you have eaten. You don’t have to be very accurate in your measurements. Just mention any value that you think is reasonable. For example, if you have been eating potato curry every day, allow for, say, 2 potatoes per day and calculate for 14 (7 X 2) potatoes’ nutritional value over a week. Can you make a table for what you eat in a week ?

Activity – 4: How much do you need for survival in terms of food ?

• Here is a table of food items and their market prices in Sambalpur district. (The prices are approximate. They may actually be different in your village or town).

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• Which food item has seen the most changes in price (upwards or downwards) ? • Which food items have not changed in price ? • If you are to remove an item from your shopping list because of its price, what would that

be ? • The table here gives you the prices of some vegetables in Sambalpur over the last one year.

The ‘minimum’ column indicates the lowest prices during the year. The ‘maximum’ column indicates the highest prices during the year.

Rs. Per kg. S.NO NAME OF THE ITEM MINIMUM MAXIMUM

1 Potato 10.00

35.00

2 Onion 10.00

40.00

3 Tomato 10.00 75.00

4 Brinjal 10.00 40.00

RETAIL PRICE Per Kg/Ltr.

NO. NAME OF THE ITEM

Rs 15.10.14 22.10.14

1 Rice 31.00 38.00 2 Wheat Dara 19.00 29.00 3 Dal Masoor 49.00

40.00

4 Dal Arhar 81.00

81.00

5 Sugar 36.00 38.00

6 Gur 43.00

42.00

7 Groundnut Oil 133.00 134.00 8 Mustard Oil 96.00 90.00 9 Vanaspati 75.00 70.00 10 Tea (Loose) 205.00 285.00 11 Salt (Iodised) 16.00

17.00

12 Atta 21.00

21.00

13 Milk 38.00

40.00

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5 Arvi

20.00 30.00

6 Bitter Gourd 10.00

40.00

7 Palak 10.00

20.00

8 Pumpkin 10.00

20.00

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Cucumber 10.00

40.00

10 Ginger 20.00 80.00 On the day when the vegetable prices were the highest, if you had only Rs 100 to spend on food for your family, what will you buy to provide a decent lunch and dinner for all? How will you make sure that you create a nutritious meal for your family ?

Now, look at same situation – you have Rs. 100 to buy lunch and dinner for everyone in the family – on the day when the vegetable prices were the lowest. What more would you buy ?

(Include the prices of oil, wheat, rice, etc. from the previous table and make up a list of items that you would be able to buy for Rs. 100 on the day when the prices were maximum and minimum)

Activity – 5: Myth or Truth?

Here are a few statements about food. Which are myths and which are true statements? If you find that some statements are myths, please write a sentence or two on why you think so.

• Eating dahi when you have a cold is bad for you.

• Greens are a source of iron.

• Don't eat oranges or lemons when you have a sore throat.

• Eating carrots is good for eyes.

• You should not drink buttermilk after drinking milk.

• If you eat papaya and drink milk, it gets converted into blood.

• Standing in the sun is bad for skin.

• If you have cold, eating oranges is a good thing to do since orange has Vitamin C.

• Trimming nails on Sundays is not good for health.

• You should not lift weights if your arms are aching.

• Leprosy is not curable.

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Myth Truth Your reasons

Activity 6 – Causes and Common Diseases

Can you find out which diseases are caused by dirty water, garbage, poor sewage facilities, etc? Here is a table. See if you can fill up the column on 'what causes the disease'? An example has been done for you.

Disease / Health concern What causes the diseases Lice Lice (in the hair) are typically spread among school

children through close contact. If you does not wash hair frequently, you may get lice.

Typhoid Malaria Jaundice Filaria Plaque (in teeth) Dengue fever Conjuctivitis (of the eyes) Ear pain

Activity 7 – The President’s Visit

The President of India, Shri Pranab Mukherjee has decided to visit your village to inaugurate a new school building. The village elders met and decided you and your friends the task of keeping the village clean for the President’s visit. You can take any decision that will make the village appear cleaner. The Sarpanch has told you that you can spend up to Rs 10,000 towards this effort. What all will you buy (posters, cleaning material, mops, flowers for decoration, etc).

Assume that you have these in your village / town: 3 public toilets for men, 3 public toilets for women, 10 streets, a pond, open gutters, a canal, 2 high schools.

Look at the table below and decide what you will focus on. Number the tasks in order of priority.

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Tasks Order of Priority Keeping dustbins at street corners Keeping a soap for hand wash near public toilets Clean the public toilets Clean the ponds: remove weeds, plastic bags, etc. Clean the school premises and remove all paper, dirt, weeds Conduct a program for village men and women on cleanliness Remove the pan stains from outer walls of the school premises Repair the fans and lights in all the rooms of the school Sweep the floors of the classrooms, library, head master’s room, staff room, etc

(You can add many more activities as you think fit)

Activity – 8: A letter to the local sanitary inspector

Can you write a letter to the Sanitation Inspector in charge of your village, describing the conditions in your village? Ask the inspector for help to solve the problem. All the students in the class or school can sign the letter. Mail the letter to the inspector.

Textbook activity : Writing

Activity 1 – Descriptive Writing

Here is an example of describing a season. Can you find out which season is being described?

The Sky is cloudless blue. The temperature is pleasant 20 degree centigrade. The sharp sun makes it feel warmer. The snow still lying in clump at the foot of the Deodar. If you want to know the answer, refer to your Class 9 text book. Hint: “Description of a beautiful spot of India”.

Here’s a description of a person :

She was very young girl. Her eyes were large and they had a sad expression. Her voice was low.

She was the Mrs. Bethy’s daughter.

Whom are we talking about? You may find the answers if you refer to the Prose section of your

class 9 text book, “ The Priceless Gift”

Game: Create a description of an object or person in 4-5 sentences. Now ask you friend to guess

the name. Similarly, you could ask your friend to describe a person or an object from the

text book and guess the name.

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Activity 2 – Guess the Name

Can you guess the person or the object being described from a single sentence that is given here and write at least 5 sentences on the person or the object? (All the sentences have been taken from your Class 9 and Class 10 text books. An example has been given below.

Sentence Object / Person 5 More sentences

At the stroke of the Midnight hour,

when the World sleeps, India will

awake to life and freedom.

Jawaharlal Nehru 1. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.

2. He was born to Swaroup Rani and Motilal Nehru in a Kasmiri Pandit family in Allahabad.

3. He was educated at Harrow Public School, London and Trinity College, Cambridge.

4. He delivered in the Constituent Assembly on the Midnight of August 14-15, 1947.

5. He was one of the foremost struggle and also a prolific writer in English.

Sentence Object / Person 5 More sentences

- “Mind you, all that happened when we were playing against each other in the same match”.

- ‘Don’t be so upset, even though this seems like a total loss. Remember, no one dies of hunger.’

- “Please buy flowers with this when you go, and lay them on my brother’s grave for me.”

- Home without Love is bitterness. - Her crippled legs did not stand in her

way to become a talented sea-swimmer.

You can add more single sentences and names to the list and create 5 sentences each person. Try and

write these in your own words rather then copy sentences from the textbook.

Activity – 3: Emotions and Writing Here are some human emotions, listed for you: Affection Anxiety

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Irritation

Awe

Boredom

Confidence

Contempt

Contentment

Courage

Desire

Envy

Frustration

Gratitude

Grief

Guilt

Loneliness

Love

Pity

Regret

Relief

Sadness

Surprise

Here’s a dialogue. Now, guess what emotions the dialogue is dealing with:

Teacher: Why are you late for the exam? You have lost 15 minutes and you could even fail.

Ibrahim: Sir, I had to go to the hospital because a relative had to be admitted there.

Teacher: But you could have gone after the exam. Is visiting a hospital more important than the exam?

Ibrahim: Sir, my father had a heart attack in the morning and we had to rush him to the hospital.

Teacher: Oh, I am so sorry. How is he now?

Ibrahim: He is in the intensive care unit. Doctors say he will survive since he was brought in on time.

Teacher: Now, relax and write the exam well. I will give you some grace time to finish the paper. When you are done, I will drop you to the hospital and meet your family members there. Here’s your question paper.

What emotions did the dialogue deal with? And don’t forget to mention which part of the dialogue made you think of an emotion associated with it.

Can you now create some dialogues and ask your friends to guess the emotions involved in the dialogues?