Assignment

On

Solar Energy

Course Title: Environment & Textile

Course Code: TE-416

Submitted to

Ms. Mostakima Mafruha Lubna

Lecturer, Department of TE

Daffodil International University

Submitted by

Md. Sohel Rana

ID: 111-23-2427 , Section:-E

Department of TE

Daffodil International University

Date of submission: 12 /08/2014

Introduction: The sun is a star. It is the largest object in our solar system and one of the larger stars in our galaxy. The source of energy in the Sun is at its core where hydrogen is converted to helium in a thermonuclear reaction. This energy travels from the core to the

surface of the Sun and is released into space primarily as light. The energy that comes to the Earth is in 2 main forms, heat and light.

Every hour, enough sunlight energy reaches the Earth to meet the world’s energy demand for a whole year.

The amount of energy from the Sun that reaches the Earth annually is 4 x 1018 Joules.***4 x 1018 Joules/ Year ÷ 365 Days/ Year = 1 x 1016 Joules/ Day1 x 1016 Joules/ Day ÷ 24 Hours/ Day = 4 x 1014 Joules/ Hour

The amount of energy consumed annually by the world's population is about 3 x 1014 Joules.

Solar Energy

• Definition: radiant light and heat from the sun that is used and transformed into different types of energy.

• Most abundant resource of renewable energy on the planet• Production of solar energy uses heat engines and photovoltaic • The most common way of collecting solar energy is by use of solar panels • Energy storage methods:

– paraffin wax – glaubers salt

• Salts are good – low cost – high specific heat levels and – can deliver the right temperature heat to conventional heating systems

Solar energy is often called "alternative energy" to fossil fuel energy sources such as oil Gus and coal.

Advantages of Solar Energy

Long lasting Can be used anywhere Silent and non polluting Solar cells can be added when there is demand for more energySunlight that reaches the earth everyday is 200,000 times the total electrical energy generated everydaySolar power production is growing rapidlyIt is a secure type of energy

Disadvantages of Solar Energy

High initial cost Takes a lot of solar panels to be efficient initially Can only generate during the dayCost about twice of what fossil fuels do

Applications of Solar Energy

• Houses:

– solar lighting, heating and ventilation systems

– pumps fans and windows

• Use natural solar lighting when building

• Hybrid solar lighting: Faces mirrors track the sun throughout the day and use optical fibers to distribute it

• Water heating: China and Cyprus have the most amount of solar thermal water heaters

• Farming: Greenhouses turn solar energy to hear

• Photovoltaic cells: Collect photons and release electrons as energy

• Made of silicon: As small as a calculator and as large as pods in desert

• Parabolic discs

Solar Energy in Daily Life

Water heating system (Schematic diagram given below) Basic Theory: Collect the solar radiation, transfer it to heat energy and apply in our daily life.As the solar panel collect the heat from the solar and transfer it to the water inside the pipe, the water is heated and outflow from the other pipe. Then, we may use the hot water in the showers, warming machine.

Solar Energy for Industrial Applications

Basic Theory of Solar power plant

(1). Sunlight → Heat → Electricity: transfer the heat from the solar thermal collector to working medium steam, then the steam gas turbine engine drive the electric generator to generate electricity.

(2) Sunlight → Electricity: Due to the photovoltaic effect, we may trans the light to electric energy directly.

The Electricity may be used for microwave, TV, radio, telemetry, radio telephones and industrial production.

Prospective of Solar Energy in Bangladesh

Solar Home SystemRural Market & School ElectrificationHealth clinic/Hospital ElectrificationCyclone Shelter ElectrificationMicro enterprise <grocery shops,tailoring shops,clinic,restaurants,sawmills,rice mills,cellular phone services,barber shops> ElectrificationICT Training Centre ElectrificationWater PumpingSignalingRemote TelecommunicationRemote Rainfall Measuring Station etc.

Conclusion: Finally we can say that solar energy is very useful, particularly in a time when we are concerned about greenhouse gas emissions from other energy sources. Electric cars that are powered by solar energy are available now, but it is unlikely that solar energy will provide the worlds transportation costs in the near feature. Before we can rely on solar energy we will need to supply enough solar panels to meet demands. Although we cannot consume over 30% of the energy scientists are trying to make a more efficient way of absorbing the suns rays. One day solar energy will make the world a much cleaner place.