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SOLAR ENERGYEmily Crick, Rachael Hadden and Jordi Lluch
WHAT IS SOLAR ENERGY?
✕ Energy created and used from the sun
✕ Two types: solar thermal and solar photovoltaic
✕ Solar Thermal:+ Used to heat water in households+ Can also make steam which can
generate electricity✕ Solar Photovoltaic:
+ Conversion of sunlight directly into electricity with the use of photovoltaic cells
+ Can be installed on roofs, incorporated in building and vehicle designs
ADVANTAGES
✕ Sustainable and renewable resource✕ Abundant✕ Thermal and Photovoltaic✕ Can be a part of the building✕ Little maintenance✕ Worldwide usage✕ Tax credits
DISADVANTAGES
✕ Expensive facilities
DISADVANTAGES
✕ Not productive during night time ✕ Intermittency of sunlight✕ Panels with a fixed location✕ Rare and expensive materials✕ Just 20% of sun rays converted to electricity
CURRENT USAGE
CURRENT USES OF SOLAR ENERGY
✕ Residential✕ Industrial✕ Commercial
WORLD from 2010 to 2014
✕ Top 10 (units in GW):✕ 1- Germany (9.8 35.5)✕ 2- China (0.305 18.3)✕ 3- Italy (1.2 17.6)✕ 4- Japan (2.6 13.6)✕ 5- USA (1.6 12)✕ 6- Spain (3.4 5.6)✕ 7- France (0.272 4.6)✕ 8- Australia (0.125 3.3)✕ 9- Belgium (0.363 3)✕ 10- UK (0.027 2.9)
POLICIES TO INCENTIVIZE MORE USE
✕ New Jersey: requires 2.1% of all electricity come from solar energy sources by 2021
✕ Other states use rebates, production incentives, and tax incentives, loan and grant programs
✕ Federal tax incentives:+ there is a 30-percent federal
investment tax credit (ITC) for solar energy systems
+ Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
✕ State-level policy support and federal tax incentives in US+ California leading in US
HOW BRIGHT A FUTURE FOR SOLAR ENERGY?
✕ Within the next 10-20 years solar energy is expected to become a main source of energy
✕ Global Warming advocates increased dependency✕ Compete with fossil fuels as a key energy source(?)
+ Price of oil + Technology advances+ Predisposition (politics, conflict of interests…)
EXAMPLE
✕RiPASSO Energy (Sweden) claims to have developed a system that can convert 32% of solar energy into electricity
HOW BRIGHT A FUTURE FOR SPAIN?
✕ Attempting to scale back the production of solar power
✕ Many produce their own energy for less than what they would have paid the utility company
✕ Many can even produce more than what they need sell to producers
✕ All solar panels now have to be hooked up to the grid to figure out how to tax it
+If not 30 MILLION Euro fine ($40M)!!!
Interesting Website
http://www.dsireusa.org/
SOURCES
✕ http://arena.gov.au/about-renewable-energy/solar-energy/✕ http://turbinegenerator.org/solar/history-solar-energy/solar-energy-today✕ http://energyinformative.org/solar-energy-pros-and-cons/✕ http://www.tc.umn.edu/~dama0023/solar.html✕ http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2010/ph240/danowitz2/✕ http://www.seia.org/about/solar-energy✕ https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/solar-powers-bright-future✕ http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-energy/how-solar-energy-
works.html#.VhblvflViko✕ http://www.recgroup.com/en/tech/the-future-of-solar/✕ http://www.solarbuzz.com/going-solar/using/uses✕ http://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2013/08/19/out-of-ideas-and-in-debt-spain-sets-
sights-on-taxing-the-sun/✕ http://www.certificadosenergeticos.com/impuesto-energia-solar-peaje-respaldo✕ http://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=renewable_home✕ http://
www.seia.org/about/solar-energy/solar-faq/what-rebates-incentives-are-available-solar-energy
QUESTIONS?