A Step Forward Toward
Greener Diesel Grids
SOLAR FUEL SAVER:
Xavier Juin
Sales Manager
Hybrid Systems
Content
1. The juwi Group
2. Solar Fuel Saver Motivation
3. General Working Principle of “Fuel Saving Applications”
4. Technical and Economical Analysis
5. Applications and Advantages
Organisation
Founded in 1996 by Fred Jung and Matthias
Willenbacher (juwi), pioneers for renewable
energies with agricultural roots
juwi AG is an owner-managed group of
companies and not listed on the stock exchange
Total capacity
Around 3,100 megawatt (approx. 2,300 systems)
Annual energy output
Approx. 5.8 billion kilowatt-hours, corresponds to
the annual power demand of around 1.7 million
households
Investment volume (since 1996)
Approx. 6,0 billion Euro
Employees & turnover
Approx. 1,250 employees (worldwide)
> 700 million Euro in 2013
WE MAKE IT HAPPEN
juwi at a Glance
Our Services: All about the Project
Consulting &
Acquisition Management Consulting &
Acquisition Planning Development
Financing &
Sales Construction
Operation &
Service
juwi has installed over 3000 MW
in more than 20 Countries
Location: Lieberose, Germany, PV capacity: 71.8 MWp, various wind projects globally
with 1250 MW
Motivation
In many countries, PV-Diesel systems present an economically viable solution,
already today. This effect will even increase in the next years.
Time
€ / kWh
Today
• The price for PV systems
has decreased by more than
60% in the last 3 years
• Fuel costs for diesel
generators are constantly
rising
• Especially interesting for
gensets in constant power
applications
• Diesel Generator market:
World-wide approx. 60 GW /
year (at least 10 GW for SFS
applications!)
Generation costs by diesel generators
In most of the sunbelt countries, generation costs
in diesel generator systems are > 0,30 € / kWh
Whereas generation costs of PV applications in
the same area are < 0,15 € / kWh
The Solar Fuel Saver (SFS)
100 %
30 %
0 %
100 %
90%
0 %
• Solar power is directly injected into the diesel generator mini-grid
• Reduction of fuel consumption due to solar energy penetration
• No batteries are needed
• The SFS controller manages the solar power output according to
the operation of the diesel generator
Functionality shown on a realistic load curve
The solar power reduces
the power generated by
the diesel generator.
As soon as the generator
reaches critical part load
operation, the SFS
controller reduces the
power output of the solar
plant.
Hybrid Systems
Solar Fuel Saver Battery storage systems
Solar Inverter
Solar Inverter
Battery Inverter
(Bidirectional)
Customized Solution
• The SFS can be integrated in already
existing systems
• Measuring equipment can easily be
adapted and integrated
Spinning Reserve
• As long as all generators are
running, they provide the spinning
reserve.
• Individual generators cannot be
switched off.
• If there is a cloud and therefore PV-
energy breaks down, the generators
can provide the needed energy.
Option 1 - from the generator
Option 2 - from the battery
Solar Inverter
Battery Inverter
(Bidirectional)
• In this case, the spinning
reserve has to be provided by
the genset and the battery.
• Needs to be verified
individually if the additional
expenses for the battery
system are economical.
Spinning Reserve
100 %
85 %
0 %
Balanced Load
100 %
30 %
0 %
300
300
300
Total 900 kW
PRP = 1000 kWMin.30% = 300 kWMax PV = 700 kW
100
100
100
Total 300 kW
200
200
200
Total 600 kW
Unbalanced Load
50
350
500
Total 900 kW
PRP = 1000kWMin.30% = 300 kWMax PV = 700 kW
0
300
450
Total 750 kW
50
50
50
Total 150 kW
100 %
21 %
0 %
100 %
75 %
0 %
What makes a SFS project economically interesting
• High and constant loads during daytime
• Diesel generator is constantly running during sunshine hours
• Diesel generator as main power producer and not in standby or back-up operation
• Balanced electrical phases
• Stable grid conditions (frequency, voltage, power factor,…)
• Well-designed diesel systems, running >80% of their PRP (Prime Power)
Rule of thumb: PV size is approximately 80% of max load (in kW)
High and low PV penetration
High PV penetration
• High fuel savings
• Excess energy
• High CAPEX
Low penetration
• Less fuel savings
• Less CAPEX
• More potential possible
Exess
Energy
More PV
possible
Example – 1 MWp SFS in Philippines
1. Input Data (Client)
2. Technical Results
[kW] [kW]
[%] [kWh]
[USD] [USD]
[years] [USD]
[USD] [%]
[USD/l] [years]
[%] [%]
[kWh]
[kW] [l p.a.]
[years] [USD p.a.]
[% p.a.]
[%] [t p.a.]
[%]
20,00
Gen
era
l
Energy consumption
Project Lifetime
Opex escalation
Peak Load
Tax rate
Discount rate
Gen
set
Increase of fuel price
Fuel price
Generator power
Minimal partial load
Opex
Replacement period
Replacement costs
3,00
5.000
4
671.187
PV
-SF
S-S
yste
m
Power PV System
Annual solar production
Investment
Opex PV
Equity ratio
Lent term
Interest rate (Initial)
1.600
30,00
1.000
1.420
2.080.000
20.000
30,00
10
10,00
7.710.610
1,17
Resu
lt O
verv
iew
Diesel savings
Average cost reduction
CO2 reduction
350.692
234.914
925,8
7,00
15
2,00
1.177
Monthly Average Electric Production
Day with maximum solar fraction [kW] Day with minimum solar fraction [kW]
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
00:00 05:00 10:00 15:00 20:00
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
00:00 05:00 10:00 15:00 20:00
0
200.000
400.000
600.000
800.000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Pro
du
cti
on
[kW
h]
Input Data for evaluation
What do we need from you ?
1. Filled-out SFS questionnaire (Attention: there are two questionnaires, a. Battery based hybrid systems and b. SFS )
2. Most important: hourly data of load curve (for a typical day or for a typical period)
The quality of our technical & economical evaluation corresponds to the quality of your data
www.juwi.com/solarfuelsaver
Applications
Hotels and Resorts (typically 100 kW – 2 MW)
Daytime loads like air-conditioning, water pumping,…
Residential Areas (typically 100 kW – 20 MW)
With relatively constant power demand
Mining Industry (> 2 MW)
High suitability due to constant loads at quite high power output
Industry and Agriculture (typically 500 kW – 20 MW)
High solar fraction possible, due to consumption during daytime
Own
Consumption
Market! (private sector)
Your Advantages
• Save up to 50% diesel fuel in your application! Client with 24-hour constant load: SFS can reduce the fuel cost by 20%
• Become more independent from your diesel supply! Clients with insecure sources of fuel, remote areas,…
• Reduce your LCOE! Adding solar to your diesel grid will bring down the levelized cost of electricity
• Achieve short payback periods with a low-risk investment! In sunbelt countries with a diesel price > 1 US$/liter, payback is between 3 and 6 years!
Solar Fuel Saver (Maldives, Kudahuvadhoo atoll)
Description of the Systems
Solar System
203,5 kWp poly crystalline PV-modules on 8 rooftops
3 Diesel Generators: 648kW, 600kW and 440kW
Load: between 300 and 500kW
Objectives
This project is based on a Solar Fuel Saver technology
which enables to reduce the fuel consumption of the mini-
grid of Kudahuvadhoo island.
The power plant supplies the island mini-grid via medium
voltage lines. The main consumers are residential
households, small and medium-sized businesses and the
local hospital. The project is part of the GIZ program to
help the ministry of environment strategy for carbon
neutrality.
Realization
The system was built by juwi and a local partner in 2014.
Solar-Wind-Diesel System (Egypt)
Technical Data
Solar System: 50 kWp
Wind turbines: 50 kW (4 turbines with 13 kW)
Battery: 11200 Ah / 48 V OPzS 4 Battery Banks
Diesel Generator: 1140 kVA, 1 x 350 kVA
Inverter concept: SMA AC-coupling with Sunny Islands
Objectives
• electricity for the local pumps for irrigation.
• the batteries have enough capacity to store the
produced electricity also for long sun- and windless
periods.
• a plant to desalinate the salty ground water is also
connected to the system
Realization
October of 2012 with our local partners.
Solar-Diesel Hybrid System (Namibia)
Technical Data
Solar system: 201 kWp Poly crystalline PV-Modules
3.420 m² Free Field Installation
21.840 Ah / 48 V OPzS Battery Bank
Diesel Generators: 2 x 140 kVA, 1 x 350 kVA
Objectives
• centralized solar PV system in Tsumkwe (ca. 600 km NE of
Windhoek)
• supply the total day time demand of the village
(incl. Telecom station, school and hospital)
• diesel generators will supplement the battery system and
select the optimum generator to run
• each home is connected with a 11-kV line
one line for essential loads (will not be disconnected),
one as “non-essential” will be disconnected to prolong
services to the essential loads
Realization
First half of 2011 with local partners. O&M contract for 5 years