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Solon Belleville Springs®
Solon Flange Washers®
Solon Disc Springs®
Solon Manufacturing Co.www.solonmfg.com
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Section I
What is a Belleville Spring?
Section II
Applications of Belleville Springs
Section III
How to Select a Belleville Spring
Comprised of 5 Main Components
1. Outside Diameter
2. Inside Diameter
3. Material Thickness
4. Overall Height
5. Deflection or Movement (h)
Typical Belleville Spring
OD
h
ID
H
Load/Deflection Curve
Typical Load Curve
for a
Belleville Spring
Other Multiple Load/ Deflection
Possibilities depending on the
design of the Belleville Spring
Single Belleville Spring
1500 lb. Flat Load
(Example)
0 10 15 200
500
750
1000
1250
1500
Load
Deflection
Belleville Spring with 1500lb/6889kg Flat Load
No Load
0%
0lbs/0kg
33%
500lbs/227kg
66%
1000lbs/454kg
1500lbs/680kg
Flat
100%
Stacking Arrangements
of Solon Belleville Springs
SingleSpecific load and deflection
SeriesDoubles deflection
No load increase
ParallelDoubles load
No deflection increase
Parallel / SeriesDoubles load
Doubles deflection
Flat load, deflection, or both may be altered by stacking Belleville springs in
various arrangements
Load vs. Deflection (Theory)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
LO
AD
( L
BS
)
DEFLECTION (in)
LOAD vs DEFLECTION FOR SINGLE SPRING
Load vs. Deflection (Reality)
0.0
5000.0
10000.0
15000.0
20000.0
25000.0
30000.0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040
LO
AD
(L
BS
.)
DEFLECTION (IN.)
LOAD / DEFLECTION CURVE
Selection Factors for Flange Washer
Materials
Operating Temperature◦ ½ Process Temperature (non-insulated)
Gasket Material
Gasket Stress/Bolt Stress
Environment◦ Chlorides or Fluorides
Insulation
H-13 Tool Steel
17-7 PH Stainless Steel
Inconel 718
17-4, Waspaloy, Custom 450, etc.
Flange Washer Materials
Installation
Recommended with
bolt tension
Recommended for non H-13 Applications
with high load
requirements
1. Create a More Reliable Flange Assembly
◦ Even load distribution
◦ Maintains residual gasket/bolt load
2. Simplified Installation◦ Can be used with any bolting technique (torque
wrench, tensioners, slug wrench)
Benefits to Using Flange Washers
3. Cost Savings◦ No need to hot tighten
◦ Reusable
◦ Longer gasket life
◦ Lower fugitive emissions
◦ Less down time
◦ NO LEAKS !!!!!
Benefits to Using Flange Washers
What is Valve Live Loading?
The addition of Belleville Springs
to the gland follower studs
maintains the packing load of
the valve.
Frequently cycled valves
Operated valves (air or motor)
Critical applications
Safety or difficult location
History of packing leaks
Monitored valves
Which Valves are Candidates for Live
Loading?
Wrong packing for the application
Bent, scored, or pitted valve stems
Improper packing installation
Infrequent use
Frequent or high cycles
Loss of Packing Load
Reasons for Valve Leaks?
Live Loading Comparison
In - Service Consolidation (%)
Pa
ck
ing
Co
mp
ressiv
eS
tre
ss
(P
SI)
Pa
ck
ing
Co
mp
res
siv
e S
tress
(MP
a)
5000
3000
5 10
34.5
20.7
0
Without
Live Load
With
Live
Load
Most widely used
Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC
For indoor/outdoor service and corrosive
atmospheres◦ NOT recommended for extreme chloride or fluoride
applications without plating or reduced stresses
Suitable for cryogenic applications
Highly magnetic
Available Sulfamate Nickel plated (AMS 2424D)
17-7 PH Stainless SteelASTM A693
Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC
For indoor/outdoor and corrosive atmospheres
Slightly magnetic
Finish: scale-free and deburred
301 Stainless SteelASTM A666
Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 1100ºF/593ºC
For high temperature or corrosive atmospheres
Indoor/outdoor service
Non-magnetic
Inconel 718ASTM B637
Operating temperature range
◦ Ambient to 1100ºF/593ºC
For indoor/outdoor, high temperature service
Fully magnetic
Finish: machined & lightly oiled
H-13 Tool Steel
ASTM A681
1. Bolt Size
2. Bolt Material
3. Temperature
4. Environment
5. Application (valve, flange, other)
6. Size Constraints
7. Aim Preload
Questions We Will Ask
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Thank you!
Solon Manufacturing Co.www.solonmfg.com
The data presented here is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, it is the responsibility of the product user to make the
determination that any Solon product is suitable for use in specific applications. For a recommendation and more information, contact the
Solon Manufacturing engineering support team at [email protected] or 800.323.9717.
Copyright © 2015 Solon Manufacturing Company