Jillian HerreraRogelio D. Lagunas

Sound and Grammatical Devices.

End Rhymes- The rhyming words are the last word on a line.

Types of Rhymes- End Rhymes.

Sound Devices

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.By Robert Frost

Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.

Internal Rhymes- Rhyme words on the inside of a line.

Types of Rhymes- Internal Rhymes.

Sound Devices

The Cloud By Percy Bysshe Shelly

I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers, From the seas and the streams;

I bear light shade for the leaves when laid In their noon-day dreams.

From my wings are shaken the dews that waken

The sweet buds every one, When rocked to rest on their mother's

breast, As she dances about the Sun.

I wield the flail of the lashing hail, And whiten the green plains under, And then again I dissolve it in rain,

And laugh as I pass in thunder.

Slant Rhyme- Share one sound, such as a consonant or vowel sound.

Types of Rhymes- Slant Rhymes.

Sound Devices

The Darking Thrushby Thomas Hardy

The land's sharp features seemed to be

      The Century's corpse outleant,

His crypt the cloudy canopy,      The wind his death-lament.The ancient pulse of germ and

birth      Was shrunken hard and dry,

And every spirit upon earth      Seemed fervourless as I.

Rich Rhyme- Using words that sound exactly the same.

Types of Rhymes- Rich RhymesA First Attempt at Rhyme

By Thomas Hood

If I were used to writing verse, And I had a Muse not so perverse,

But prompt at Fancy’s call to springAnd carol like a bird in the Spring; Or like a Bee, in the summer time,The hums about a bed of thyme, And gathers honey and delights,

For ev’ry blossom where it ‘lights.

Eye Rhymes- Look as if they should rhyme, but don’t.

Types of Rhymes- Eye Rhymes“Eye Rhyme” A Poem to Never Be

Read AloudBy Vincent van Mechelen

When I say to the aspiring sublime:"A waste of words is an abomination,

 Publish or Perish is not your situation,"

I alliterate and I rime.

Identical Rhymes- Using the same word twice.

Types of Rhymes- Identical Rhymes

The Darking Thrushby Thomas Hardy

The land's sharp features seemed to be

      The Century's corpse outleant,His crypt the cloudy canopy,

      The wind his death-lament.The ancient pulse of germ and

birth      Was shrunken hard and dry,

And every spirit upon earth      Seemed fervourless as I.

Alliterations are repetitions of the same sounds within a phrase.

EX. Alligators are all about alliterations.

Alliteration

Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within words within a phrase.

Ex. A fleet of green geese.

Assonance

Consonance is a repetition of final consonant sounds two or more times in a phrase.

EX. Short and Sweet

Consonance

A word that imitates a sound.

EX. “Hiss,” hissed the snake.

Onomatopoeia

A scansion marks the patterns of meters in a line. They are based on syllables.

Scansion

Grammatical Devices

Antecedence The act of going before; Precedence

For example, World war 1 was the antecedent to world war 2.

Grammatical Devices

There are two types of clauses. Main (independent) and subordinate (dependent) clause.

“I gave her my phone number but she didn’t call.”

A main clause has a subject and a predicate and can be considered a simple sentence.

Ex. I gave her my phone numberA subordinate clause cannot be considered a

sentence. Ex. she didn’t call

Clause

[…] Ellipsis are handy when quoting lengthy material. They allow you to omit words and only quote what is most useful.

Ellipsis can also be used in poetry to add greater meaning to the omitted words.

Ex.

Ellipsis

A sentence that expresses a demand and also gives instruction.

Ex. “Write Mr. Arguelles’s essay!”

Imperative

An optional element used in phrases clauses and sentences. They literally just make the sentence sound smoother. Adverbs and adjectives are primarily used as modifiers. However other parts of speech can also be used.

Ex. Throw it hard against the wall. Ex. It was a creepy house.Ex. Then a couple cops showed up.

Modifiers

A balance of two or more similar words, phrases or clauses. It can improve writing style , readability and add depth to works.

Ex. What you put in is what you get out.Ex. “I don’t want to live on in my work. I want

to live on in my apartment. –Woody Allen

Parallel Structure

A sentence that consists of several subordinate clauses and modifiers leading up to the main idea which is not expressed until the very end of the sentence. It is the opposite of a run on sentence.

Ex. Birds singing harmonically above, kids shouting mindlessly around, and screeching black burning pavement below has proven that summer is at long last here.

Periodic Sentence