Spring 07Region 104-Intermediate Referee Course1 Intermediate Referee Training AYSO Region 104/1447.

Spring 07 Region 104-Intermediate Referee Course 1

Intermediate Referee Training

AYSO Region 104/1447


AgendaFriday

6:15 Introduction6:30 - 7:00 Review Sample Test7:00 - 8:00 The Referee Team

Break

8:15 - 10:00 Fouls, Misconduct & Foul PlaySaturday

9:00-11:00 Field Session at Montgomery Park - Diagonal System of Control - Offside & How to be an AR

11:00-12:00 Lunch12:00-1:00 Diagonal System of Control, Offside

& How to be an AR (classroom)1:00-2:00 Interactions with Coaches, Players & Spectators

Break2:10-2:50 AYSO National Referee program3:00 Exam


AYSO Region 104 Intermediate Referee Course

• This clinic provides additional training for the Regional Referee and is oriented toward U-11+ matches

• Please legibly fill out: The attendance roster (left side info only), The Referee Contact Information card, A volunteer application, and An Application for Referee Certification form (top part)

• Volunteer application must be completed by every volunteer, every year – Not needed if you’ve completed it since start of season

(Aug 1st)• If you’re from another region, please indicate your region

on the sign-in roster


Intermediate Referee Certification Requirements

1. CR 25 or more games, with at least 5 games in U11+2. Attend the Intermediate Referee Course

• Modules 14 through 19

3. Pass the Intermediate Ref. Exam (min score of 90%)4. Receive a mentoring observation as a CR

• Must be done by a certified assessor

5. Get recommendation for upgrade by your Regional Ref. Administrator or Regional Director of Ref. Assessment• For Region 104 that’s Dave Lauben or Cynthia Nuttall, respectively

• Complete the AYSO Application for Referee Certification and have it signed by Area Referee Administrator (Jon Rogers)

• Send completed application to AYSO National (NTSC)• AYSO National will mail the Intermediate Referee Badge to you


Benefits and Expectations as anIntermediate Referee

• At the end of this clinic, students from Region 104 will receive a gold (yellow) referee jersey – If needed, additional referee supplies are available for

Region 104 referees for the new season• Referees are requested to center at least 8 games over the

next year– Typically 8 over next 12 months– Games should be:

• At the U-11 or higher level• In Region 104 regular season play

Spring-07 Region 104-Intermediate Referee Course 6

Review of the Sample Intermediate Referee Exam


Review of the Sample Intermediate Referee Exam (continued)



Midway through the 1st half (or end of 1st qtr)

Halftime

Midway through the 2nd half (or end of 3rd qtr)

For an injured player

The moment the ball is played (or touched) by a teammate.


Intermediate Ref. Exam (con’t)

IFK RED

KO BLUE




Module 14

The Referee Team


The Referee Team

• The Referee Team evolved with the game• Officials originally introduced in soccer as representatives

of teams• Teams demanded a neutral opinion and the official stood

on the side of the field• The official eventually was brought onto the field and 2

assistants added on the touchline• As more unsporting acts were committed by players, the

diagonal system was developed to have 2 sets of eyes on the players and facilitate game control

• The Diagonal System of Control is the most widely used system and is the only system recognized by FIFA and AYSO


Duties of the Referee• Laws 5 and 6 (The Referee and Assistant

Referee, respectively)

Duties of the Referee• Enforces the Laws of the Game• Controls the match in cooperation with the

assistant referees and where applicable, with the fourth official - They are a team!

• Ensures that any ball used meets the requirements of Law 2

• Ensures that the players’ equipment meets the requirements of Law 4

• Acts as timekeeper and keeps a record of the match


Duties of the Referee (cont.)

• Has discretionary power to stop, suspend, or terminate play for any infringement of the Laws– Stop: Play will continue as soon as a restart is given.– Suspend: Play will not continue until conditions the

referee has stipulated have been satisfied.– Terminate: Play will not continue under any conditions

• Has discretionary power to stop, suspend, or terminate play because of outside interference of any kind

• Stops for injury. – In AYSO this means at any time


• Ensures that any player that is bleeding from a wound leaves the field of play

• Allows play to continue when the team against which an offense has been committed will benefit from such an advantage but penalizes the original offense if the anticipated advantage is not gained or maintained at that time (Advantage)

• Punishes the more serious offense when a player commits more than one offense at the same time




• Takes disciplinary action against players guilty of cautionable and sending-off offenses. He is not obliged to take this action immediately but must do so when the ball next goes out of play

• Takes action against team officials who fail to conduct themselves in a responsible manner and may at his discretion dismiss them from the field of play and its immediate area

• Acts on the advice of (neutral) assistant referees regarding incidents which he has not seen

• Ensures that no unauthorized persons enter the field of play



• Restarts the match after it has been stopped• Provides the appropriate authorities with a

match report which includes information on any disciplinary action taken against players and/or team officials and any other incidents which occurred before, during or after the match.


Duties of the Assistant Referee

Duties of the Assistant Referee• Indicates when a player may be penalized for

being in an offside position• Indicates when misconduct or other incident has

occurred out of sight of the referee• Indicates when a substitution is requested• Assists the referee to control the game. Most

commonly, this includes helping with pre-game duties and confirming goals

When supplying information to the referee, assistant referees simply report; the referee decides.


Referee and AR Positioning

• Dynamic play• Right or left diagonal• Referee position• AR position

– Ball over touchline (AR quadrant)– Throw In across halfway line– Goal scored

• Set plays– Goal kicks– Corner kicks– Kick off


The Referee Team

• Pre-game meeting– Indicate diagonal (R/L) to be used– Offside– Fouls seen by AR– Timekeeping and score keeping– Substitution control– Set plays: Goal Kick, Corner Kick, Kick-off

• Half-time & post game– Enter/leave field together– Discuss game issues, changes– Complete paperwork

Communication is key for effective game control by the Referee Team


The Referee Team Philosophy

AYSO Rules & Regulations 1.D.5• The Laws of the game are intended to

provide that games should be played with as little interference as possible, and in this view it is the duty of the referees to penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law. Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper on the part of the players and spoils the pleasure of spectators.


>> Break Time <<

10 Minutes Please

Instructors will collect your Volunteer Application Form (if needed) and Referee Contact

Information Card

Please fill out the Referee Attendance Roster form is you have done so already.


Module 15

Fouls, Misconduct and Foul Play, Intermediate

(Law 12)


Fouls and Misconduct• Law 12 is divided into Fouls & Misconduct• Fouls are committed by players, on the field

of play when the ball is in play against an opponent. The referee stops play.

• Misconduct may be committed by any player or substitute, can occur before, during or after the game, with the ball in or out of play, anywhere on or off the field.

• There are two types of fouls, direct free kick offenses (penal) and indirect free kick offenses (non-penal).


What is a Foul?

• An unfair or unsafe act:– by a player,– against an opponent (or the opposing

team),– on the field of play, and

– while the ball is in play.


Direct Free Kick Offenses

• There are ten direct free kick (penal) offenses– Six of these apply when players commit acts

in a manner considered by the referee to be careless, reckless or using excessive force.

– The other four are based on if the act occurred


DFK Offenses (cont.)• Six actions based on the act

involving careless, reckless or using excessive force:– Kicking an opponent *– Tripping an opponent *– Jumping at an opponent– Charging an opponent – Striking an opponent *– Pushing an opponent

* May also include the attempt of the act

• Four actions based on if the act occurred:– Making contact with an

opponent prior to contacting the ball

– Holding an opponent– Spitting at an opponent– Deliberately handling

the ball


• “Careless” - The player did not exercise due caution in making a play.

“Careless” = “regular” foul

• “Reckless” – The player’s actions were unnatural (to fair play) and designed to intimidate an opponent, gain unfair advantage, or unreasonable risk of injury to opponent.

“Reckless” = “Caution”

• “Excess force”: player far exceeded the use of force necessary to make a fair play for the ball and created considerable danger of bodily harm to opponent “Excessive Force” = “Send Off”

DFK Offenses: Careless, Reckless & Excessive Force


Striking an Opponent• Direct contact using hand, arm, elbow, head, knee, or

by throwing and object (including the ball).

• Occurs where contact is made or attempted with the opponent.

• Striking (as with kicking and spitting) should normally be considered misconduct.


Fair Charging• Fair charge usually means “shoulder to shoulder”, but not a

requirement.• When heights & weights vary greatly, a fair charge may not

be possible.• Fair charge can result in charged player falling to the

ground.• Fair charge must be directed toward the area of the

shoulder and not the center of the opponent’s back (the spinal area).

• Not a violation of Law 12 for two players to charge the same opponent simultaneously, though each charge must be considered individually, and is conducted fairly and legally.


Charging the Goalkeeper

• Referees must carefully observe any charge against the goalkeeper (not in possession of the ball) if the charge is:– Careless, reckless, or with excessive force

(direct free kick)– Performed in a dangerous manner (indirect free

kick) – Prevent the goalkeeper from releasing the ball

from the hands (indirect free kick).

• Charging the keeper who is in possession (with hands) of the ball is prohibited.


Charging an Opponent Away From the Ball

• A player who charges an opponent in an otherwise legal manner, (not carelessly, recklessly, nor with excessive force) but with the ball not within playing distance has infringed the law.

• Such an “off the ball” charge is considered a form of impeding the progress of an opponent (though contact has occurred) and is penalized with an indirect free kick restart for the opposing team.

• If the referee considers the charge to be careless, recklessly, or involving excessive force, the restart is a direct free kick.


Tripping an Opponent

• Includes moving under the opponent using the body to upset or upend the opponent. Also known as “bridging.”

• Referee must distinguish act of tripping from trip resulting from fair play – Players may trip over or fall over an

opponent as a result of natural play; no foul.


DFK Offenses – The Four Based on Committing the Act

A direct free kick is also awarded if a player commits any of the following four offenses:

• Tackles an opponent to gain possession of the ball making contact with the opponent before touching the ball

• Holds an opponent • Spits at an opponent • Handles the ball deliberately

– Exception: for the goalkeeper within her own penalty area)


Contact with the OpponentBefore Touching the Ball

• Making contact with the opponent before the ball when making a tackle is unfair and should be penalized.

• Contact with the ball first does not automatically mean the tackle is fair.

• Declaration by a player (or coach/spectator) that he/she was “playing the ball” is irrelevant.


Holding an Opponent

• Includes stretching out the arms to prevent and opponent form moving past or around. (under recognized)

• A player who blatantly holds onto or pulls an opponent or and opponent’s clothing to….– Play the ball, – Gain possession of the ball – Prevent an opponent form playing the ball

…should be cautioned and shown the yellow card for unsporting behavior.


Deliberately Handling the Ball

• “Handling the Ball”: Deliberate contact with the ball by a player’s hand or arm (fingertips, upper arm, and outer shoulder included) to direct the ball.

• Deliberate Contact – The player could have avoided the touch but chose not to.

• Moving hands or arms instinctively to protect the face or body does not constitute deliberate contact.

• Placing the hands or arms to protect the body at a free kick (in a wall) allowed. Subsequent action to direct or control the ball is a foul.


The Restart After a DFK Offense

• The restart from a DFK (penal) offense will be a Direct Free Kick. – If that offense was committed by a defender

inside her own penalty area, a Penalty Kick for the attackers is awarded.


Indirect Free Kick Offenses:Goalkeeper Restrictions

There are four IFK offenses for a goalkeeper inside his own penalty area:

• Takes more than six seconds while controlling the ball with his hands before releasing it from his possession.

• Touches the ball again with his hands after releasing it from his possession and before it has been touched by any other player.

• Touches the ball with his hands after it has been deliberately kicked to him by a team‑mate.

• Touches the ball with his hands after he has received it directly from a throw‑in taken by a team‑mate.


Second Handling Touch by the Goalkeeper

• A goalkeeper who has taken hand control of the ball then released ball back into play, may not handle the ball again until it has been played by: 1) an opponent anywhere on the field, or 2) by a teammate who is outside the penalty

area.• This includes parrying the ball, but excludes an

accidental rebound or a save.


Ball Played to the Goalkeeper from Teammate

• Occurs when a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands directly after it has been deliberately kicked to him by a teammate. Also applies to when the goalkeeper receives the ball from a throw in by a teammate.

• Does not include situations in which the ball has been accidentally deflected or misdirected.


Indirect Free Kick OffensesApplying to Any Player

The following three IFK offenses apply to any player:• Plays in a dangerous manner • Impedes the progress of an opponent • Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball

from his hands

Also, an IFK results from any other offense for which play is stopped to caution or dismiss a player


Dangerous Play• The act, in the opinion of the referee, meets three

criteria:– Dangerous to someone (including player who commit

the act)– Committed with an opponent close by– The action caused the opponent to cease active play

for the ball or to be otherwise disadvantaged by the attempt not to participate in the dangerous play.

• It is an offense only when an opponent is adversely affected, usually because the opponent can’t fairly (safely) challenge for the ball as a direct result of the player’s act.


Dangerous Play (cont.)

• A player playing in a dangerous manner has not committed a foul if there was no opponent is nearby (e.g. near only teammates). – Remember, fouls can only be committed against

opponents or the opposing team.• Take into account the experience and skill level of

the players– Playing with cleats up in a threatening or

intimidating manner is more likely to be judged as a dangerous play in youth matches, without regard to the reaction of the opponents.


Goalkeeper Possession of the Ball

• The goalkeeper is in possession of the ball while bouncing it on the ground or while throwing it into the air.

• Means possession in the keeper’s hands. Keeper may be challenged while dribbling.

• While the ball is in possession of the keeper, opponent may not play or challenge for the ball.


Preventing the Goalkeeper fromReleasing the Ball into Play

• An opponent may not interfere with or block the goalkeeper’s release of the ball into play.

• Cannot try to block the goalkeeper’s movement while he/she is holding the ball or do anything which hinders, interferes with, or blocks the goalkeeper who is throwing or punting the ball back into play.


IFK Foul Restart

• The restart from a IFK offense is an Indirect Free Kick.

• If the offense was committed by a defender inside goal area, the ball is positioned on the goal area line parallel to the goal line (the 6 yard line) at the point nearest to where the infraction occurred.


Advantage Clause

Advantage (Law 5) - The referee “allows play to continue when the team against which an offense has been committed will benefit from such an advantage…”

• Referees must avoid stopping play if doing so would take away a benefit from the team against which the offense was committed.

• Referee Signals by raising both arms and calling out “Advantage” or “Play On”


General Guidelines for Advantage

• Applies mainly to older ages in AYSO

• Doesn’t apply when a serious physical foul occurs

• Generally appropriate in attacking 1/3 of field– Rarely applies in the defensive 1/3 of the field

and only occasionally in middle 1/3 of field


Module 15

Fouls, Misconduct and Foul Play - Misconduct

(Law 12)


Misconduct Offenses

Two categories of misconduct offenses:• Cautionable offenses where the yellow

card is shown Seven different offenses

• Sending-off offenses where the red card is shown

Seven different offenses


Cautionable OffensesA player is cautioned and shown the yellow card if

he commits any of the following seven offences:• Is guilty of unsporting behavior• Shows dissent by word or action• Persistently infringes the Laws of the Game• Delays the restart of play• Fails to respect the required distance when play is

restarted with a corner kick, free kick, or throw-in• Enters or re-enters the field of play without the

referee’s permission• Deliberately leaves the field of play without the

referee’s permission


Cautionable Offenses (for substitutes)

A substitute or substituted player is cautioned and shown the yellow card if he commits any of the following three offences:

• Is guilty of unsporting behavior• Shows dissent by word or action• Delays the restart of play


Philosophy on Cautions

• Evaluate a player’s behavior based on several factors:– Does the act meet the generally accepted and

understood meaning of the offense?– Was the act, even if an offense, trifling?– Would the issuance of a caution for this

misconduct likely have desirable results for game and/or player management?


Review of Send‑off Offenses

A player, substitute, or substituted player is sent off and shown the red card if he commits any of the following seven offenses.

• Serious foul play • Violent conduct• Spits at an opponent or any other person.• Denies an opponent an obvious goal‑scoring

opportunity by deliberately handling the ball • Denies an obvious goal‑scoring opportunity by an

offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick. • Uses offensive, insulting or abusive language/gestures. • Receives a second caution in the same match


The Send‑off Offenses

• Serious foul play – Committed only while the ball is in play, against an

opponent when challenging for the ball. – Commits one of the Law 12 fouls in a violent manner

• Violent conduct – May be committed against teammates, coaches,

spectators, officials, equipment, or property before, during or after the match.

– Also may be committed against an opponent when the ball is out of play or when the ball is in play but the aggressing player is not challenging for the ball.


The Send‑off Offenses (continued)

• Spits at an opponent or any other person.

• Denies an opponent a goal or an obvious goal‑scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball– This does not apply to the goalkeeper within his own

penalty area.


The Send‑off Offenses (continued)

• Denies an obvious goal‑scoring opportunity to an opponent moving toward the player's goal by an offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick.

• Uses offensive or insulting or abusive language including language or gestures.– This includes the use of obscene, vulgar, derogatory,

humiliating, demeaning, or slanderous words.

• Receives a second caution in the same match– At the time of the second caution, show the yellow

card followed immediately by the red card


Send-off Situations

• Almost every Advanced Referee will have to send off and show the red card to a player once or twice in his career.

• Good referees anticipate these situations and defuse them, but even the best referees eventually meet that player who almost demands to be sent from the field.

• When the time comes, referees need to know how to recognize it, how to handle it, how to administer it, and how to report it.


Guidelines for Sending‑Off a Player or Substitute

• Avoid being angry or defensive about sending off a player and do not take it personally.

• Be firm in the decision to send off and do not show uncertainty, timidity, or ambivalence when doing so.

• Attempt to isolate the player, but do not make physical contact.

• Keep the field and other players in view; stand off to the side if possible.

• Advise the player of his misconduct and of his disqualification.


Guidelines for Sending‑Off a Player or Substitute (cont.)

• Show the red card by holding it straight up in the air and then immediately put it away. – If the misconduct is a second cautionable

offense, first display the yellow card, put it away, then display the red card.

• Record the misconduct and the send‑off.• Check to be certain the offender has not only left

the field, but also the area, and then restart with the appropriate method. Use an indirect free kick if play was stopped for the send‑off.


Guidelines for Sending‑Off a Player or Substitute (cont.)

• Submit a report (preferably written, or verbal if the region allows it) to the referee administrator and regional commissioner.

• The most important aspect of the process is to try to analyze why it occurred and to develop strategies that will lesson the likelihood of it occurring again.

• Simply accepting it as a necessary proof of authority is shortsighted. Seeing it as a challenge to other refereeing skills offers the opportunity for improvement.


Fouls and Misconduct

• A player may carry out a combination of "Misconduct" and "Foul" and the referee may sanction one, the other, or both.

• The position of the restart will depend upon where and by whom the offense or misconduct occurred.


Restarts for Misconduct• If play is stopped solely to deal with misconduct

committed by a player on the field the proper restart is an IFK from the location of the misconduct (subject to Law 8 and Law 13).

• If play stopped for a foul in addition to misconduct the restart is determined by the foul– Restart cannot be a DFK unless the reason for the

stoppage included a DFK foul.

• If misconduct occurs while play is stopped, the restart is determined by the original reason for the stoppage.

Version Spring 07-1 AYSO Region 104 - Basic Referee Training 65

Field Session Tomorrow at Montgomery Park

Comanche between San Pedro & San Mateo

Starts at 9 am

Meet near foot bridge

Bring Water and Suitable Attire

If bad weather, meet here at the ATC instead.


Module 18

Diagonal System of Control and Games Tactics

(classroom)


The Diagonal System of Controland Game Tactics

AR

AR

• CR changes his position to maintain play between himself and the AR

• At any given moment, two officials should be in position to view play from different angles.

• Eye contact between CR & AR is important

CR


Game Objectives

• Objectives change depending on field position and ball possession

ATTACKING OBJECTIVES:• SCORE – The ultimate objective of the game is to score the most goals.• ADVANCE – The ball must be advanced to be within scoring distance.• POSSESSION – Possession of the ball must be maintained in order to

advance within scoring distance.

DEFENDING OBJECTIVES:• STOP SCORING – The ultimate objective can be restated as preventing

the opposing team from scoring the most goals.• DELAY – When the opposing team gains possession of the ball, their

advance must be delayed to gain time to organize the defense.• REGAIN – Regaining possession of the ball is the defensive objective

once the defense is organized.


Module 16

Offside – Intermediate and How to Be a Good AR

(classroom)


Assistant Referee Signals:Throw-in

Throw-In for attackers

Throw-In for defenders

Touch line

Goalline


AR Signals: Corner Kick

Pointing toward corner

Signal used for both near and far corners

Touch line

Goalline


AR Signals: Goal Kick

Touch line

Goal line

Goal Area

Pointing toward Goal

Area


AR Signal: Offside

Flag is held steady

Touch lineGoalline Also could mean

ball out of play


AR SignalsPosition of Offside Player

Offside on the near side of

the field Offside in the

center of the field

Offside on far side of the

field Touch line

Goal line


AR Signals: Substitution

Goalline

Touch line


AR Signal: Foul

Goalline

Touch line

Flick or wave the flag and make eye contact

with CR.

After whistle, point direction at a 45 degree angle in the

direction of free kick.


AR Signals: Goal/No Goal

Goalline

NoGoal

Touch line

Move briskly toward 18 yard line and position on kickoff

GoalScored


Offside – Intermediate(Law 11)


Offside PositionFor a player to be in offside position 3 things must be true…

1. The player is closer to the opponents’ goal line than the ball

2. The player is in the opponent’s half of the field3. The player is closer to the opponents’ goal line than

the second last opponent

• It is not an offense to be in an offside position• ‘05 LOTG defined closer to mean any part of the players

head, body, or feet, (arms specifically excluded, previously the torso was used to judge closer)


Offside Involvement Defined

A player in an offside position is only penalized if, at the moment the ball touches or is played by one of her team she is, in the opinion of the referee, Involved in Active Play by:1. interfering with play, or2. interfering with an opponent, or3. gaining an advantage by being in that

position.


Offside – Area of Active Play

• That portion of the field where players are directly and actively involved after the ball has been played.

• The size of the area of actively play will vary with the movement of the ball, age of the players, and the speed of play.

• The area of active play changes continually.• The area of active play is a guide used to

determine offside infractions


The Restarts When Offside Does Not Apply

• There is no offside offense if a player receives the ball direct from:– A goal kick,– A throw-in, or– A corner kick


Offside/Not OffsideExample 2

An attacker in an offside position (A), not interfering with an opponent, does not touch the ball.

NOT OFFSIDE - The player cannot be penalized because he did not touch the ball.



An attacker in an offside position (A) runs towards the ball and a teammate in onside position (B) runs also towards the ball and plays it.

NOT OFFSIDE - Player (A) cannot be penalized because he did not touch the ball.



An attacker in an offside position (1) runs towards the ball and does not touch the ball.

GOAL KICK (NOT OFFSIDE) - The assistant referee should signal “goal kick”.



An attacker in an offside position (A) is obstructing the goalkeeper’s line of vision.

OFFSIDE - He should be penalized because he prevents an opponent from playing or being able to play the ball.



Attacker (A) is in an offside position

NOT OFFSIDE – Attacker (A) is not obstructing the goalkeeper’s line of vision or making a gesture or movement which deceives or distracts him.



An attacker in an offside position (A) runs towards the ball preventing the opponent (B) from playing or being able to play the ball.

OFFSIDE - Player (A) is making a movement which could deceive or distract player (B).


Offside/Not Offside Example 10

The shot by a teammate (A) rebounds from the goalkeeper to player (B) having been previously in an offside position.

OFFSIDE - Player (B) is penalized because he gained an advantage by being in that position.



The shot by a teammate (A) rebounds from the goalkeeper. Player (B) in an onside position plays the ball. Player (C) is in an offside position.

NOT OFFSIDE - Player (C) in an offside position is not penalize. He did not gain advantage from being in that position because he did not interfere with play or with an opponent.



The shot by a teammate (A) rebounds off an opponent to attacker (B) who had been previously in an offside position.

OFFSIDE - Attacker (B) is penalized for interfering with play.


Offside/Not Offside Example 13

NOT OFFSIDE - Attacker (C) cannot be penalized because when the ball was passed to him, he was in an onside position

An attacker (C) is an offside position, not interfering with an opponent, when a teammate (A) passes the ball to player (B1) in an onside position who runs towards the opponent’s goal and passes the ball (B2) to teammate (C).


Module 17

Interactions with Coaches, Players, and Spectators


Interactions with Coaches, Players, and Spectators

• Referee is a role model, especially for younger players

• Knowledge, confidence, and professionalism contribute to the overall “field presence” of the referee

• Each referee sets the tone of the match by his/her own personality style

• Selling the call by positioning and good communication is part of the art of refereeing


U-11 & U-12 Players

• Understanding the U-11/12 player– Physical/gross motor development– Social and emotional development– Cognitive/thought development


AYSO Coaching Philosophy

Positive

Instructive

Encouraging

What is Positive Coaching?

P

I

E


Dealing with Coaches

• Begin at lowest level of confrontation– A look at the coach– A few calm words

• If dissent continues or escalates– Stop play– Have coach come to you on the field to discuss

• If dissent still continues– Inform coach behavior is unacceptable– Coach will need to leave the field or terminate the

match


Dissent from Coaches

• 3 P’s– Public– Persistent– Personal

• Distinguish between dissent and disappointment• Deal with pointless dissent gently but firmly• Deal with real dissent directly and promptly


Interactions: Scenario 1

• In a U-10 game tensions are high. Everyone is yelling advice and instructions at the players. The coach of the blue team has a loud, booming voice. The more exciting the game gets, the louder he gets. As referee, you see many players on the opposing team freeze whenever this loud coach yells instruction at his own team.

• How can you, as referee, deal with this situation? When do you start?



• You are referee in a U-12 match. The coaches of the red team are constantly making negative remarks to and putting down their own players. You can tell that these are very inexperienced coaches.

• What can you do to help these coaches and the kids? When? Where? Who should be present?



• In this U-12 match, player #3 is a defender who obviously watched the World Cup. He repeatedly attempts slide tackles with little success, often tripping or endangering opponents. Opposing attacker #10 has been tripped twice by #3 and is becoming upset.

• How can you handle this situation? When should you start? What if your plan doesn't work?



• During the first half of a U-12 match, the Blue team coach has been complaining about the referee's calls almost every time a call goes against her team. It is nearing the end of the half. The referee notices parents from the Blue team are beginning to complain.

• What can you, the referee, do in this situation? When and how? Who will you involve?


Dealing with Spectators

• Use body language to send a message to spectator• Run by coach during play and ask for assistance with

spectator• If spectator dissent continues

– Stop play– Have discussion with coaches on field near touchline– Announce that match may be terminated if behavior continues

• Referees, coaches and spectators are role models for players. ALL need to set example for players to emulate

In AYSO, it’s about more than the game!


Proper Location for Coaches, Substitute and Spectators

• Coaches’ Area– 20 Yards wide (extending 10 yards on either side of the

halfway line)– 1 yard back from the touch line– During the game coaches and substitutes should

remain in this area • Spectators should be between the “18 Yard lines”

and back from touchlines by 3 yards+

Halfway Line

Coaches’ Area (Technical Area)

Touch Line


The AYSO Team

For any team to function well it has to have rules.

The AYSO Team has four basic rules:

1. Work together

2. Help each other

3. Protect each other

4. Do your best

COACHES

REFE

REES

PARENTS/SPECTATORS

PLAYERS

COACHES

REFE

REES

PARENTS/SPECTATORS

PLAYERS


Review of Interactions w/ Coaches, Players, and Spectators

• Referees are role models and set the tone for the match.

• Referees must interact appropriately with players, coaches, and spectators.

• Referees are guardians of the game and must remember the concept of the AYSO Team.

• Referees must understand the characteristics of the age group involved.

• Referees must also manage problems outside the touchlines.


Module 19

AYSO National Referee Program


The AYSO Organization Levels & Structure

• National

• Section

• Area

• Region

N

A

S S S

A A A

R R R R R

Example: Region 104 is in Area C, Area C is in Section 12


AYSO National Organization

Organization Comprised of:• National Board of Directors• Commissions

– Referee– Coaching – Management

• National Support and Training Center (NSTC)

• Sections/Areas/Regions


AYSO Referee Program

Regional/Basic U10 – Modules 1-13

National U16, U19 – National Referee Course

Advanced U14 – Modules 20-24

Intermediate U12 – Modules 14-19

Badge Level Training Focus - Modules

U-8 Official U5-U8 – Modules 1-7


Referee Support• Informal Mentoring

– May be requested or a random, unannounced visit

• Observations & Assessments– Requested by candidate for level upgrade– Observations done mainly for upgrade to

Intermediate Referee– Assessments done mainly for upgrade to Advanced

& National

• Referee Meetings


Proficiency Categories for Referees

• Appearance• Pre-Game Administration • Fitness• Attitude • Courage, Character & Consistency • Positioning, Mechanics and Signals• Accuracy of Decisions • Control


AYSO Rules & Regulations

• Relevant Topics– Duration of Games (I-B)

– Playing Time and Substitution (I-C)

– Officiating (I-D)

– Duties and Responsibilities of Coaches & Referees (I-E)

– Size of Ball (I-F-1 a, b & c)

– Field of Play (I-G-1 thru 3)

– Small Sided Games (I-H-1 thru 3)

– Proper Dress (VI)

– Injuries (VIII)


AYSO Policy Statements

• Knee braces are allowed. The referee determines whether a particular knee brace is safe for a particular game.

• Casts and Splints are not allowed at practices or games. VI – H

• Earrings or ear studs are not allowed- PERIOD. These are dangerous to the wearer.


Continuing Education

• Web sites– AYSO: www.soccer.org and www.aysohelp.org– USSF: www.ussoccer.com– FIFA: www.fifa.com

• Publications– USSF: “Advice to Referees on the Laws of the Game”– FIFA: “Questions and Answers to the Laws of the Game”– AYSO: “Guidance for Referees and Coaches”


Course Wrap Up


Region 104 Monthly Referee Meetings

• Held during the season on the 4th Tuesday of the month– Fall: August, September & October– Spring: February, March & April

• Topics Include:– Discussions of current events and issues– Quizzes and discussions of the laws– Signing of Upgrade Forms & Paperwork– Retaking of Exams– Referee Instructional Videos

• Check web site for possible date/time changes– www.ayso104.org, and click on the Calendar link


AYSO Referee Program: Break Down by Certification Level

Referee CertificationOctober 2005

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

U8 Officials Regional Intermediate Advanced National

Level

Per

cen

t (%

)

Region 104

Section 12

National


On-line Referee Scheduler

• Used for U10 and older divisions– U10 is when we go to Neutral Referees (not affiliated with the

home team)

• Accessed from the Region 104 web page– www.ayso104.org | Referees menu | Referee Scheduler– Username: referee– Password: (ask instructor)

• Schedules posted about a week prior to the season start – Late August and February

• Used for Center Referee and Assistant Referee positions• May be used to request mentoring or observations• Work with Division Scheduler first, then look for open

games


Referee SchedulerMain Selection Screen



Reporting of Discipline/Behavior Problems during Games

• Contact the Division Commissioner• Contact the Regional Referee Administrator

– In Region 104: Dave Lauben, email: [email protected]

• Record Facts of Event:– Date, Time & Park Location– Division (e.g. U-10 Girls)– Individuals Involved

• Players (name and number)• Coaches• Spectators (if known)

– Cautions (yellow cards) or Send Off/Dismissals (red cards)


AYSO Philosophies

• Everyone Plays

• Balanced Teams

• Open Registration

• Positive Coaching

• Good Sportsmanship


Test Review


Test Time!Questions?

Reminders

Test Location: ATC

Passing Grade: 90% or higher.

Turn finished exam into instructors.

If from Region 104, get your gold referee jersey.

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