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CENTRAL RESEAR CELlBR All. 'i. \'O~~~<{ DOCUMENT COLLECTIO~<;~ '" Cv...~~ ,

MUC-NS #2'fIJ . Consist~~:· 6 pages ~driguresc Copy No" ... ~ot: '15 cop~es ..

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}2.September 1 9 4 4

STANDARD -",It! AND ()' ABSORPTION CUR~ OF THE LONGER LIVED ISOTOPES

Problem Assignment #5,52 MLC 3212 and #553 MLC' 5'fIJ7

(R .. Po Metcalf', Vi .. Rubinson, J .. Seiler, Eo P. steinbergi"

and ~.~':::':" .. ~:DECLASSrFlfD " IY AlMo&l1'f o.~--_=E~:.R2..~=:-~----

This set of absorptio"dOf"Qer1*s~~~_ time for its practical. value to the project, although the manner iri which the curves were taken (described belOW) may not be the best method., However, these curves can serVe as ~id standards ;for c1.ll"Ves taken in the same manner ..

The radio elements on which these curves were taken were isolated b.1 our best chemistr,y from a ver,y'active solution of a slug which had been in the "X" pile durmg a 5 .. 86 megawatt day' run extending over 11 days.. The large amounts of activity available permitted individual elements to be mounted with negligible self-absorption" .

The samples were mounted by our new technique: a sJIlSll aliquot' of ,8. solution of a radioelement is evaporated (infra-red lamp) Within a penciled ring (9/16" diameter) on. thin mica, the mica is then fixed over a 15/16 11 hole in an aluminum card by means of deKhotin~ cement, aDd then covered with cellophaneo

The~ absorption curves w~~e taken b.Y placing a sample on the third shelf of our standard counting apparatus, and piling aluwihuru abso~bars on '~e second shelfc

The 'D~bsorption Cll!'Vsa WGrG tsken v,rl ili the sample on the third shelf and 1887 mg of lead on the top. shelf, subsequent lead absorbers being placed at any position under the top absorber q

Special experiments have shown that the position of the absorbers is immaterial as long as an,1887 mg absorber is close to the counter window" 'Placing the If""'sample in an aluminum. sandwich, as we' used to c1.o, is un..l1e~f!ljlsary, and often introduces a spurious indication of a low-energy If component.

For general convenience, the curv'es have been graphed in a, standard manner"

" ....

.. ·'e~~ ~;.'Ci' -V

f J '~~ V.J,d''JI_ ~

"-"I*'~~\::)~ E & 0!'JII1> 2· .... '-

: ftePe, a

.fi absorption curves are graphed on three-cycle semi-log paper having twelve divisions per inch of abscissa.. Each small division of abscissa represents 10 tog absorber.. The first count, 10e .... the count with no added absorber, is normalized to 100 (from an original count oi' ~ 5000 c/m) and entered on the grapl:l as the count at 10 tog absorber, 10 tog being the total weight/cm2 of cello­phane cover, air gap and counter window. Normalized experimental points are represented by Circled dots (G».. Points obtained from the normalized'experimental points by succes~ive s~btraction of one, two, or three components are represented by , respectively, triangled dots (&), squared dots (@), and diamonded dots (0).. Various pertinent information is inclUded on the graphs. DFeather Rangeu

refers to the ma:rlm~ range obtained by Feather'lS method for the analysis of absorption curves (see report C0-529, p .. 24 ff .. ).. Using Feather ranges, maximumA energies are read off curve F9 in Charles Do Coryell v s Fig .. A in the Sea borg Lecture Series.

0- absorption curves are graphed on two-cycle semi-log paper having ten divisions per inch of abSCissa. Five divisions of abscissa

,represent 2 gm of lead absorber. The Y count taken through 1887 tog Pb on the top shelf is norma..1,ized to 100 (from an original count of .-; 1000 elm) a!ld entered on the graph as 'the count at 1887 mg absorber" Normalized experimental points and points obtained by suc­cessive ~tions of components are designated as in the~ curves .. Half thicknesses (i'1.) 8.l'e obtained directly .from the curves, and the corresponding energfes are read off Charles D. Coryel1Us Fig"B in the Se~borg Lecture Series.

, The.fi and "t'" energies obtained by absorption methods depend . strongly on the absorption technique used. Because of this factor ,in 'some cases the fl and Y energies listed in the table accompanying this r.eport differ 'somewhat from those listed in 01-697, III-D~ in which energy date. from absorption and spectrog-raphic studies were given 0 , The use.:f'ulness of the absorption curves for identification purposes is in no VIa:1' affected by these discrepancies in energy values ..

In cases where more -than one isotope is present in the sample (e og., 40d Ru and 350d Ru)" the relative proportions of the isotopes, e.nd hence the absorption curvos,vary with time.. In such cases, there i.s noted on the CU1"V'es the relative proportions of the isotopes at the time the curves were taken. ---

It is obvlous that, any curves which are to be compared with these by SUperpoSitlion should be graphed just as these are, except

Ai' ~

that normalization is not necessary~ Curves taken on samples with appreciable amounts of selt-absorption shoUld be superposable by sliding on these standard curves in which se1£-absorption is negligible. AD. absorption curve of the soft Cb radiation (....., 0.15 MEV) taken on a

..

.,.

-.5-

sample of 808 rug weight i was superposable on the standard Cb C'l..l.r'Ve whell the bends at,...; 40 mg were made to coincide.. Oe absorption curves on samples of zero mg, 402 rug" and 19 .. 2 rug weight (the f3 - radiations invo1.ved are 5~1 MEV, 0 .. 6 MEV, and ~ 0 .. 2 MEV) were all quite superposable. In all ~ases, identi­fication of tb.eactivit,r by superposition of absorption curves s shoUld be unmistake.ble" .

OUr section (O-III, SUgarman) is now keeping a file of all absorption curves,taken by standard method or otherwise. These are o.vailable for inspection by other members of the pl"oject ..

~5 ...

• INDEX TO FIGURES

Fi~o Radiois.9tope( sl Tit1~

1 55d ar89+ 30y ar90 Absorption of radiations in Al

2 51d y(92) It n u It Al

5 65d Zr(9S) n n n " .Al

4 6Sci Zr(9S) 11 It tI n Pb

5 35d Ch(9S) n It It n Al

6 35d Che9S) n tI rr u Ph

'7 42d Rul05+550d Rn(106) It n ft n A1

7$- 4211 Ru105+5SOd Ru106 n ·n n n Al (preponderantly 420. Ru)

a 42d RulOS n at n n Ph

9 105d Aglll It ft " n Al

10 45d 00115 if It n tI A1 ,\Ii

11 52d Te129 n n u n .Al

.12 52d Te129 " It It n ~

15 ad 1131 It tt· It It Al

14 8d I 15lr 22h 1155 n It n " Pb

15 20-5Oy Os155 n n n n .Al

16 20-5Oy Os155 n n n fl Pb

11 12 .. 5d Bal40 fl " n 11 Al

18 12.Sd Bal40 n n It n Pb

19 40h r.a140+ 15 .. Sd Prl45 n II n 11 Al

19a 40h Lal40 n tl It If Al

20 40h r.a140 " n n n- Pb • 12 .. 5d Bal40+ 40h Lal40 2Da It n ft n Al (eqUilibrium mixture)

-6-

• . INDEX TO FIGURES (contVd)

Fig. Radioisotope(s) Title

21 28d cel44 OOO+OOd Ce(l44) Absorption of radiations in Al

22 28d eel44 500±.5Od Ce(l44) n n II "Pb

25 1505d Prl45 II n n n Kl.

24 15 .. 4d Eu(155} VI n ,n nAl

25 1504d Eu(155) n n 11 . " Ph

26 24oSdUX254 n II n "Al

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